Saint Tikhon of Moscow
St. Tikhon of Moscow
Icon of St. Tikhon of Moscow by Michael Goltz of Lakewood Ohio. Courtesy of Come and See Icons
Holy Hierarch, Patriarch of Moscow, Passionbearer
Born	January 19, 1865, Toropets, Russia
Died	March 25, 1925, Moscow
Venerated in	Eastern Orthodoxy
Glorified	October 9, 1989 (new calendar), Moscow
Major shrine	Donskoy Monastery, Moscow
Feast	March 25/April 7 (old/new calendars)
Patronage	Saint Tikhon is among the great Orthodox missionary saints for the Americas, along with Saints Herman and Innocent of Alaska, Saint John of Shanghai and San Francisco, and the martyrs Juvenaly and Peter the Aleut. He authorized adaptation of the Anglican Book of Common Prayer for use as a liturgy within the Orthodox Church.
A gentle manner adorned you; you showed kindness and compassion to those who repented; you were firm and unbending in confessing the Orthodox faith, and zealous in loving the Lord. O holy hierarch of Christ and confessor Tikhon, pray for us that we may not be separated from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus, our Lord! Orthodox Kontakion Permission granted from artist and web site maintaining photo of icon 300x400px; from artist Michael Goltz on Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:50 PM via email to User:Alex756; Artists email address: goltzm @ hotmail. ... Permission granted from artist and web site maintaining photo of icon 300x400px; from artist Michael Goltz on Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:50 PM via email to User:Alex756; Artists email address: goltzm @ hotmail. ... Permission granted from artist and web site maintaining photo of icon 300x400px; from artist Michael Goltz on Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:50 PM via email to User:Alex756; Artists email address: goltzm @ hotmail. ... Permission granted from artist and web site maintaining photo of icon 300x400px; from artist Michael Goltz on Tuesday, September 09, 2003 1:50 PM via email to User:Alex756; Artists email address: goltzm @ hotmail. ... Jump to: navigation, search January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... Jump to: navigation, search March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1925 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen ▶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... ... This article discusses the process of declaring saints. ... Jump to: navigation, search October 9 is the 282nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (283rd in Leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen ▶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... Eastern Orthodox shrine Buddhist shrine just outside Wat Phnom. ... Our Lady of the Don, by Theophanes the Greek. ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen ▶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... Jump to: navigation, search March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... In several forms of Christianity, but especially in Roman Catholicism, a patron saint has special affinity for a trade or group. ... The Book of Common Prayer[1] is the prayer book of the Church of England and also the name for similar books used in other churches in the Anglican Communion. ... Western Orthodoxy is a strand of Orthodox Christian worship adapted for congregations in traditionally Catholic or Protestant countries. ...

Saint Tikhon of Moscow (January 19, 1865 – 7 April 1925), born Vasily Ivanovich Belavin (Василий Иванович Белавин in Russian), was the Patriarch and all Russias of the Russian Orthodox Church during the early years of the Soviet Union, 1917 through 1925. Jump to: navigation, search January 19 is the 19th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1865 is a common year starting on Sunday. ... April 7 is the 97th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (98th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1925 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... The following is a list of Russian Orthodox metropolitans and patriarchs of Moscow along with when they served: Metropolitans Maximus ( 1283- 1305) Peter ( 1308- 1326) Theognostus ( 1328- 1353) Alexius ( 1354- 1378) Cyprian ( 1381- 1382), ( 1390- 1406) Pimen ( 1382- 1384) Dionysius I ( 1384- 1385) Photius ( 1408- 1431) Isidore the Apostate ( 1437... Jump to: navigation, search Christ the Redeemer, a well-known Russian Orthodox icon from Zvenigorod. ...

From 1878 to 1883, Vasily studied at the Pskov Theological Seminary. In 1888, at the age of 23, he graduated from the St. Petersburg Theological Academy as a layman. He then returned to the Pskov Seminary and became an instructor of Moral and Dogmatic Theology. In 1891, at the age of 26, he took monastic vows and was given the name Tikhon in honor of St. Tikhon of Zadonsk. Tikhon was consecrated Bishop of Lublin on October 19, 1897. On September 14, 1898, Bishop Tiktock was made Bishop of the Aleutians and Alaska. As head of the Russian Orthodox Church in America he reorganized the diocesan and changed its name from "Diocese of the Aleutians and Alaska" to "Diocese of the Aleutians and North America" in 1900. While living in the United States Archbishop Tikhon was made a citizen of the United States. 1878 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1883 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... 10-ruble Russian coin of 2003 in the Ancient cities of Russia series - commemorating Pskov Pskov (Псков, ancient spelling Пльсковъ, also Pihkva (Estonian), Pleskau (German) and Psków (Polish)) is an ancient Russian city, located in the north-west of Russia near the present-day border with Estonia, on the river... Jump to: navigation, search 1888 is a leap year starting on Sunday (click on link for calendar). ... Saint Petersburg (Russian: Санкт-Петербу́рг, English transliteration: Sankt-Peterburg), colloquially known as Питер (transliterated Piter), formerly known as Leningrad (Ленингра́д, 1924–1991) and Petrograd (Петрогра́д, 1914–1924), is a city located in Northwestern Russia on the delta of the river Neva at the east end of the Gulf of Finland... Jump to: navigation, search 1891 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search A Roman Catholic monk A monk is a person who practices monasticism, adopting a strict religious and ascetic lifestyle, usually in community with others following the same path. ... Saint Tikhon of Zadonsk (1724 - 1783) was born in the village of Korotsk, in the Novgorod region, Russia. ... A bishop is an ordained member of the Christian clergy who, in certain Christian churches, holds a position of authority. ... Lublin (pronounce: [lublin]) is the biggest city in eastern Poland and the capital of Lublin Voivodship with a population of 355,954 (2004). ... Jump to: navigation, search October 19 is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1897 was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search September 14 is the 257th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (258th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1898 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Looking down the Aleutians from an airplane. ... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: The Last Frontier, The Land of the Midnight Sun Other U.S. States Capital Juneau Largest city Anchorage Governor Frank Murkowski (R) Senators Ted Stevens (R) Lisa Murkowski (R) Official languages English Area 663,267 mi² / 1,717,854 km² (1st)  - Land 571,951... Jump to: navigation, search Christ the Redeemer, a well-known Russian Orthodox icon from Zvenigorod. ... 1900 is a common year starting on Monday. ...

He had two vicar bishops in the United States: Bishop Innocent (Pustynsky) in Alaska, and St. Raphael (Hawaweeny) in Brooklyn. In June of 1905, St. Tikhon gave his blessing for the establishment of St. Tikhon's Monastery in Pennsylvania. On May 22, 1901, he blessed the cornerstone for St. Nicholas Cathedral in New York, New York, and was also involved in establishing other churches in North America. On November 9, 1902, he consecrated the church of St. Nicholas in Brooklyn for the Syrian Orthodox immigrants. Two weeks later, he consecrated St. Nicholas Cathedral in New York. Saint Raphael of Brooklyn (November 20, 1860 - February 27, 1915) was born as Raphael Hawaweeny in Damascus, Syria. ... Jump to: navigation, search State nickname: The Keystone State Other U.S. States Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Governor Ed Rendell (D) Senators Arlen Specter (R) Rick Santorum (R) Official languages None Area 119,283 km² (33rd)  - Land 116,074 km²  - Water 3,208 km² (2. ... Jump to: navigation, search May 22 is the 142nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (143rd in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1901 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Midtown Manhattan, looking north from the Empire State Building, 2005 New York City (officially named the City of New York) is the most populous city in the state of New York and the entire United States. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1902 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... A map highlighting Brooklyn and the rest of New York City. ...

In 1907, he returned to Russia, and was appointed Bishop of Yaroslavl. St. Tikhon was transferred to Vilnius, Lithuania on December 22, 1913. On June 21, 1917, he was elected the ruling bishop of Moscow by the Diocesan Congress of clergy and laity. On August 15, 1917, Archbishop Tikhon was raised to the dignity of Metropolitan of Moscow. On November 5 of the same year, after an election as one of the three candidates for the Patriarchate, Metropolitan Vladimir of Kiev announced that Metropolitan Tikhon had been selected for the position after a drawing of lots as the new Patriarch of the Russian Orthodox Church. During the Russian Civil War the Patriarch was widely seen as anti-Bolshevik and many members of Orthodox clergy were jailed or exucuted by the new regime. Tikhon openly condemned the killings of the tsar's family in 1918, and protested against violent attacks by the Bolsheviks on the Church. 1907 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search Yaroslavl (Russian: ) is a city in Russia, an administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, located 250 km NE of Moscow at 57°37′ N 39°51′ E The historical part of the city is located at confluence of Volga and Kotorosl. ... Jump to: navigation, search The Three Crosses monument in Vilnius. ... Jump to: navigation, search December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1913 is a common year starting on Wednesday. ... Jump to: navigation, search June 21 is the 172nd day of the year (173rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 193 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1917 was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen â–¶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ... Jump to: navigation, search August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1917 was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search November 5 is the 309th day of the year (310th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 56 days remaining. ... In hierarchical Christian churches, the rank of metropolitan, pertains to the bishop of a metropolis; that is, the chief city of an old Roman province, ecclesiastical province, or regional capital. ... Jump to: navigation, search A monument to St. ... The Russian Civil War was fought between 1918 and 1922. ... Tsar (Bulgarian цар, Russian царь,   listen[?]; often spelled Czar or Tzar and sometimes Csar or Zar in English), was the title used for the autocratic rulers of the First and Second Bulgarian Empires since 913, in Serbia in the middle of the 14th century, and in Russia from 1547 to 1917 (although... Jump to: navigation, search 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ... Jump to: navigation, search A church building (or simply church) is a building used in Christian worship. ...

After the establishment of the USSR the Patriarch was accused of being a saboteur by the Communist government, for which he was imprisoned from April 1922 until June 1923 in Donskoy Monastery. Among acts incriminated to him was his public protest against nationalization of the property of the Church. This prosecution caused international resonance and was a subject of several notes to the Soviet government. Under pressure, Patriarch Tikhon issued several messages to the believers, in which he stated in part that he is "no longer an enemy to the Soviet power". Textual analysis of these messages shows considerable similarity with a number of documents exchanged in the Bolshevik Politburo on the "Tikhon's Affair". Despite his declaration of loyalty, he continued to enjoy the trust of the Orthodox community in Russia. Jump to: navigation, search 1922 was a common year starting on Sunday (see link for calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1923 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Our Lady of the Don, by Theophanes the Greek. ... Jump to: navigation, search Leaders of the Bolshevik Party and the Communist International, a painting by Malcolm McAllister on the Pathfinder Mural in New York City and on the cover of the book Lenin’s Final Fight published by Pathfinder. ... Jump to: navigation, search Politburo is short for Political Bureau. ... Separate articles treat Eastern Orthodox Christianity and Orthodox Judaism. ...

In 1924 the Patriarch fell ill and was hospitalized. On 5 April 1925, he served his last Divine Liturgy, and died two days later. He was considered a martyr for the faith. Jump to: navigation, search 1924 was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... Jump to: navigation, search April 5 is the 95th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (96th in leap years). ... Jump to: navigation, search 1925 was a common year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Divine Liturgy is the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox and Eastern-Rite Catholic eucharistic service. ...

He was glorified a saint by the Russian Orthodox Church in 1989. This canonisation process is generally considered an example of the thaw in Church-Soviet relations in the Glasnost era. Tikhon's relics may be revered at the Donskoy Monastery of Moscow. Jump to: navigation, search In general, the term Saint refers to someone who is exceptionally virtuous and holy. ... Jump to: navigation, search 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jump to: navigation, search A church building (or simply church) is a building used in Christian worship. ... Soviet redirects here. ... Glasnost (Russian: гла́сность,   listen?) was one of Mikhail Gorbachevs policies introduced to the Soviet Union in 1985. ... Our Lady of the Don, by Theophanes the Greek. ... Jump to: navigation, search Moscow (Russian: Москва́, Moskva, IPA: listen â–¶(?)) is the capital of Russia, located on the river Moskva. ...

External links

1. Life of St. Tikhon by the Orthodox Church in America
2. Orthodox Icon of St. Tikhon with scenes from his life.