Time-domain is a term used to describe the analysis of mathematical functions, or real-life signals, with respect to time. In the time-domain, the signal or function's value is known at various discrete time points; or for all real numbers, for the case of continuous time.
is a common formula for instantaneous velocity where the velocity (v) is calculated as the length of the path (x) derived in the time domain (t).
The resulting reflected pulse that is measured at the output/input to the TDR is displayed or plotted as a function of time and, because the speed of signal propagation is relatively constant for a given transmission medium, can be read as a function of cable length.
Timedomain reflectometers are commonly used for in-place testing of very long cable runs, where it is impractical to dig up or remove what may be a kilometers-long cable.
TimeDomain Reflectometry (TDR) has also been utilized to monitor slope movement in a variety of geotechnical settings including highway cuts, rail beds, and open pit mines (Dowding and O'Connor, 1984, 2000a, 2000b; Kane and Beck, 1999).
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