Categories: History of Peru | Nation timelines | South American history stubs | Peru stubs Norte Chico ranging over three river valleys north of present-day Lima: Supe, Fortaleza and Pativilca. ... The Chavín were an early civilization that existed in present-day Peru. ... Moche pottery (Image © PROMPERU, used with permission) The Moche civilization (aka the Mochica culture, Early Chimu, Pre-Chimu, Proto-Chimu, etc. ... The Chimú were the residents of Chimor with its capital at the city of Chan Chan in the Moche valley of Peru. ... Late Intermediate Period Cultures The Nazca culture flourished in the Nazca region between 300 BC and 800 AD. They created the famous Nazca lines and built an impressive system of underground aqueducts that still function today. ... Area of the Middle Horizon The Gate of the Sun Tiwanaku (Spanish spellings: Tiahuanaco and Tiahuanacu) is an important Pre-Columbian archaeological site in Bolivia. ... Middle Horizon The Huari (or Wari) was a Middle Horizon civilization that flourished in the southern Andes from about 500 to 1200 AD. The capital city is located near the modern city of Ayacucho, Peru. ... January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. ... Capital Cusco 1197-1533 Vilcabamba 1533-1572 Language(s) Quechua Government Monarchy Sapa Inca  - 1197–1220 Manco Capac  - 1532-1533 Atahualpa  - 1570-1572 Túpac Amaru History  - Established 1197  - Spanish conquest 1532–1537  - Disestablished 1572 Area  - 1527 2,000,000 km2 772,204 sq mi Population  - 1527 est. ... Events May 16 - Sir Thomas More resigns as Lord Chancellor of England. ... January 16 - Thomas Howard, 4th Duke of Norfolk is tried for treason for his part in the Ridolfi plot to restore Catholicism in England. ... In the 16th century, Spaniards led by Pizarro arrived in the Andean region of South America and over the course of only a few decades, succeeded in toppling the Tawantinsuyo, whose empire had spanned most of the Andean region and surrounding lowlands from the south of modern-day Colombia to... Events War resumes between Francis I of France and Emperor Charles V. This time Henry VIII of England is allied to the Emperor, while James V of Scotland and Sultan Suleiman I are allied to the French. ... The coronation banquet for George IV 1821 was a common year starting on Monday (see link for calendar). ... Created in 1542, the Viceroyalty of Peru (in Spanish, Virreinato del Perú) contained most of Spanish-ruled South America until the creation of the separate viceroyalties of New Granada (now Colombia, Ecuador, Panamá and Venezuela, the last-named previously in the Viceroyalty of New Spain) in 1717 and Río... Year 1836 (MDCCCXXXVI) was a leap year starting on Friday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Wednesday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Capital Tacna Created 1836 Dissolved 1839 Demonym Peru-bolivian The Peru-Bolivian Confederacy was a short-lived state that existed in South America between the years 1836 and 1839. ... 1879 (MDCCCLXXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ... 1884 (MDCCCLXXXIV) is a leap year starting on Tuesday (click on link to calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ... Combatants Republic of Peru Republic of Bolivia Republic of Chile Commanders Juan Buendía Andrés Cáceres Miguel Grau Manuel Baquedano Patricio Lynch Arturo Prat Strength Peru-Bolivian Army Peruvian Navy Army of Chile Chilean Navy The War of the Pacific, sometimes called the Saltpeter War in reference to...