See: Origin of life For other uses of mya, see mya (disambiguation). ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Ribonucleic acid (RNA) is a nucleic acid polymer consisting of nucleotide monomers, that acts as a messenger between DNA and ribosomes, and that is also responsible for making proteins out of amino acids. ... Darwins illustrations of beak variation in the finches of the Galápagos Islands, which hold 13 closely related species that differ most markedly in the shape of their beaks. ... Protocells ( simple definition) Encapsulating structures, or vesicles, made of simple membrane-forming material which could have self-assembled in the protobiological environment. ... This article does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

For more about the Origins of cells, see: Origins of cells Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ...

Choanoflagellate

The choanoflagellates are considered ancestors of the entire animal kingdom, and in particular may be the direct ancestors of sponges. Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ... Prokaryotes (pro-KAR-ee-oht) (from Old Greek pro- before + karyon nut or kernel, referring to the cell nucleus, + suffix -otos, pl. ... Flowchart to determine if a species is autotroph, heterotroph, or a subtype Chemotrophs are organisms that obtain energy by the oxidation of electron donating molecules in their environments. ... Carbon dioxide is a chemical compound composed of one carbon and two oxygen atoms, and is in a gaseous state in the atmosphere of the Earth. ... General Name, Symbol, Number carbon, C, 6 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 14, 2, p Appearance black (graphite) colorless (diamond) Standard atomic weight 12. ... Illustration of a redox reaction Redox (shorthand for oxidation/reduction reaction) describes all chemical reactions in which atoms have their oxidation number (oxidation state) changed. ... Glycolysis is a metabolic pathway by which a 6-carbon glucose (Glc) molecule is oxidized to two molecules of pyruvic acid (Pyr). ... Glucose (Glc), a monosaccharide (or simple sugar), is the most important carbohydrate in biology. ... Adenosine 5-triphosphate (ATP) is a multifunctional nucleotide that is most important as a molecular currency of intracellular energy transfer. ... General Name, Symbol, Number oxygen, O, 8 Chemical series nonmetals, chalcogens Group, Period, Block 16, 2, p Appearance colorless (gas) very pale blue (liquid) Standard atomic weight 15. ... Kingdoms Animalia - Animals Fungi Plantae - Plants Protista Alternative Phylogeny Unikonta    Opisthokonta    Amoebozoa Bikonta    Apusozoa    Cabozoa       Rhizaria       Excavata    Corticata       Archaeplastida       Chromalveolata Animals, plants, fungi, and protists are eukaryotes (IPA: ), organisms with a complex cell or cells, where the genetic material is organized into a membrane-bound nucleus or nuclei. ... Schematic of typical animal cell, showing subcellular components. ... Common Clownfish (Amphiprion ocellaris) in their Magnificent Sea Anemone (Heteractis magnifica) home. ... Prokaryotes are unicellular (in rare cases, multicellular) organisms without a nucleus. ... Kingdoms Eukaryotes are organisms with complex cells, in which the genetic material is organized into membrane-bound nuclei. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... Wild-type Caenorhabditis elegans hermaphrodite stained to highlight the nuclei of all cells Multicellular organisms are organisms consisting of more than one cell, and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. ... Sexual reproduction is a union that results in increasing genetic diversity of the offspring. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Cronoflagelado2. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Cronoflagelado2. ... The choanoflagellates are a group of flagellate protozoa. ... The choanoflagellates are a group of flagellate protozoa. ... An ancestor is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... Ernst Haeckels presentation of a three-kingdom system (Plantae, Protista, Animalia) in his 1866 Generelle Morphologie der Organismen). ... Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ...

The choanocytes (collar cells) of sponges have the same basic structure as choanoflagellates. Collar cells are occasionally found in a few other animal groups, such as flatworms. Comparisons of DNA sequences support a close affiliation between choanoflagellates and animals. Choanocytes (also known as collar cells) are cells that line the interior body walls of sponges that contain a central flagellum surrounded by a collar of microvilli. ... Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ... Classes Monogenea Trematoda Cestoda Turbellaria Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Platyhelminthes Wikispecies has information related to: Platyhelminthes The flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes from the Greek platy, meaning flat and helminth, meaning worm) are a phylum of relatively simple soft-bodied invertebrate animals. ...

They live in colonies, and show a primitive level of cellular specialization for different tasks. Proterospongia is colony specie of protists. ... Composed of only about 150 species, the Choanoflagellata are not a diverse group of protists. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... This is a biological article: For a territory administered by another territory see: Colony For a group attempting to affiliate with a Fraternity or Sorority see: Colony (fraternity) In biology, a colony (from Latin colonia) refers to several individual organisms of the same species living closely together, usually for mutual... Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ...

The similarities between Proterospongia and sponges are strong evidence for the close relationship between protozoans and metazoans. Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ... Wikisource has an original article from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica about: Protozoa Protozoa (in Greek proto = first and zoa = animals) are single-celled eukaryotes (organisms whose cells have nuclei) that commonly show characteristics usually associated with animals, most notably mobility and heterotrophy. ... Phyla Radiata Cnidaria Ctenophora - Comb jellies Bilateria Protostomia Acoelomorpha Platyhelminthes - Flatworms Nemertina - Ribbon worms Gastrotricha Gnathostomulida - Jawed worms Micrognathozoa Rotifera - Rotifers Acanthocephala Priapulida Kinorhyncha Loricifera Entoprocta Nematoda - Roundworms Nematomorpha - Horsehair worms Cycliophora Mollusca - Mollusks Sipuncula - Peanut worms Annelida - Segmented worms Tardigrada - Water bears Onychophora - Velvet worms Arthropoda - Insects, etc. ...

Sponges are among the simplest of animals, with partially differentiated tissues but without muscles, nerves, or internal organs. Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ... Classes Calcarea Hexactinellida Demospongiae The sponges or poriferans (from Latin porus pore and ferre to bear) are animals of the phylum Porifera. ... Biological tissue is a collection of interconnected cells that perform a similar function within an organism. ... A top-down view of skeletal muscle Muscle (from Latin musculus little mouse [1]) is contractile tissue of the body and is derived from the mesodermal layer of embryonic germ cells. ... Nerves (yellow) Nerves redirects here. ... In biology, an organ (Latin: organum, instrument, tool) is a group of tissues that perform a specific function or group of functions. ...

Sponges (Porifera) are the phylogenetically oldest animal phylum extant today. The sponge, in the phylum Porifera, is a very primitive and specialized animal. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... For the linguistic term, see Phylum (linguistics). ...

In some ways they are closer to being cell colonies than multicellular organisms. Drawing of the structure of cork as it appeared under the microscope to Robert Hooke from Micrographia which is the origin of the word cell. Cells in culture, stained for keratin (red) and DNA (green). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Multicellular organisms are those organisms containing more than one cell, and having differentiated cells that perform specialized functions. ...

Pikaia

The earliest known ancestor of the chordates is Pikaia. It is the first known animal with a notochord. Pikaia is believed to be the ancestor of all chordates and vertebrates. Classes Anthozoa - Corals and sea anemones Cubozoa - Sea wasps or box jellyfish Hydrozoa - Hydroids, hydra-like animals Scyphozoa - Jellyfish Cnidaria is a phylum containing some 10,000 species of relatively simple animals found exclusively in aquatic environments (most species are marine). ... A nerve is an enclosed, cable-like bundle of nerve fibers or axons, which includes the glia that ensheath the axons in myelin. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... An ancestor is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor (i. ... With regard to living things, a body is the integral physical material of an individual. ... The elaborate patterns on the wings of butterflies are one example of biological symmetry. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1020x514, 29 KB)a flatworm I draw in Macromedia Flash , september ,10 , 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1020x514, 29 KB)a flatworm I draw in Macromedia Flash , september ,10 , 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Classes Monogenea Trematoda Cestoda Turbellaria Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Platyhelminthes Wikispecies has information related to: Platyhelminthes The flatworms (Phylum Platyhelminthes from the Greek platy, meaning flat and helminth, meaning worm) are a phylum of relatively simple soft-bodied invertebrate animals. ... Italic text // ahh addiing sum spiice iin hurr`` For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ... The elaborate patterns on the wings of butterflies are one example of biological symmetry. ... Organs derived from each germ layer. ... Families Harrimaniidae Protoglossidae Ptychoderidae Saxipendiidae Spengelidae The Acorn worms or Enteropneusta are a hemichordate class of invertebrates. ... Click here for Computer worm For other uses, see Worm (disambiguation). ... Diagram of the human circulatory system. ... The heart and lungs, from an older edition of Grays Anatomy. ... The kidneys are organs that filter wastes (such as urea) from the blood and excrete them, along with water, as urine. ... gills of a Smooth Newt Gills inside of a tuna head In aquatic organisms, gills are a respiratory organ for the extraction of oxygen from water and for the excretion of carbon dioxide. ... Breathing transports oxygen into the body and carbon dioxide out of the body. ... Prehistoric fish are various groups of fishes that lived before recorded history. ... Typical classes Petromyzontidae (lampreys) Placodermi - extinct Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodii - extinct Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) Amphibia (amphibians) Reptilia (reptiles) Aves (birds) Mammalia (mammals) Vertebrata is a subphylum of chordates, specifically, those with backbones or spinal columns. ... Invertebrate is a term coined by Chevalier de Lamarck to describe any animal without a backbone or vertebra, like insects, squids and worms. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1080x261, 12 KB) Summary i draw it with macromedia flash 28 oct 2005 mateus zica Mateus Zica 20:58, 28 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1080x261, 12 KB) Summary i draw it with macromedia flash 28 oct 2005 mateus zica Mateus Zica 20:58, 28 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to... Pikaia is an extinct animal known from the Middle Cambrian fossil found near Mount Pika in the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. ... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicates Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... Pikaia is an extinct animal known from the Middle Cambrian fossil found near Mount Pika in the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. ... “Animalia” redirects here. ... The notochord is a flexible, rod-shaped body found in embryos of all chordates. ... Typical Classes Subphylum Urochordata - Tunicates Ascidiacea Thaliacea Larvacea Subphylum Cephalochordata - Lancelets Subphylum Myxini - Hagfishes Subphylum Vertebrata - Vertebrates Petromyzontida - Lampreys Placodermi (extinct) Chondrichthyes - Cartilaginous fishes Acanthodii (extinct) Actinopterygii - Ray-finned fishes Actinistia - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Amphibia - Amphibians Reptilia - Reptiles Aves - Birds Mammalia - Mammals Chordates (phylum Chordata) include the vertebrates, together with... Typical classes Petromyzontidae (lampreys) Placodermi - extinct Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish) Acanthodii - extinct Actinopterygii (ray-finned fish) Actinistia (coelacanths) Dipnoi (lungfish) Amphibia (amphibians) Reptilia (reptiles) Aves (birds) Mammalia (mammals) Vertebrata is a subphylum of chordates, specifically, those with backbones or spinal columns. ...

The Lancelet, still living today, retains some characteristics of the primitive chordates. It resembles Pikaia Families Asymmetronidae Branchiostomidae The lancelets (subphylum Cephalochordata, and traditionally known as the amphioxus) are a group of primitive chordates. ... Typical Classes See below Chordates (phylum Chordata) are a group of animals that includes the vertebrates, together with several closely related invertebrates. ... Pikaia is an extinct animal known from the Middle Cambrian fossil found near Mount Pika in the Burgess Shale of British Columbia. ...

Other earliest known chordate-like fossils is from a conodonts a "eel-shaped animal of 4-20 cm (1½-8 in) long" with a pair of huge eyes at the head end were and a complex basket of teeth. Conodonts are extinct worm-like forms with distinctive conical or multi-denticulate teeth made of apatite (calcium phosphate). ...

Agnatha

The first vertebrates appear: the ostracoderms, jawless fish related to present-day lampreys and hagfishes. Haikouichthys and Myllokunmingia are examples of these jawless fish, or Agnatha. (See also prehistoric fish). They were jawless and their internal skeletons were cartilaginous. They lacked the paired (pectoral and pelvic) fins of more advanced fish. They were the Precursors to the bony fish. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 12 KB)i draw it with macromedia flash mateus zica Mateus Zica 04:54, 27 October 2005 (UTC) dbenbenn | talk 22:49, 8 October 2005 (UTC) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 12 KB)i draw it with macromedia flash mateus zica Mateus Zica 04:54, 27 October 2005 (UTC) dbenbenn | talk 22:49, 8 October 2005 (UTC) File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version... Idealized agnatha. ... Classes and Clades See below Male and female Superb Fairy-wren Vertebrates are members of the subphylum Vertebrata (within the phylum Chordata), specifically, those chordates with backbones or spinal columns. ... Subfamilies Geotriinae Mordaciinae Petromyzontinae A lamprey (sometimes also called lamprey eel) is a jawless fish with a toothed, funnel-like sucking mouth. ... Genera Eptatretus Myxine Nemamyxine Neomyxine Notomyxine Paramyxine Quadratus This article is about the Hagfish. ... The Haikouichthys is a primitive fish-like animal from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of China. ... The Myllokummingia is a primitive, probably agnathid (jawless) fish from the Lower Cambrian Maotianshan shales of China thought to be a vertebrate (see external links). ... Idealized agnatha. ... Prehistoric fish are various groups of fishes that lived before recorded history. ... A fin is a surface used to produce thrust or to steer while traveling in water, air, or other fluid media. ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Subclasses Actinopterygii Sarcopterygii Osteichthyes are the bony fish, a group paraphyletic to the land vertebrates, which are sometimes included. ...

A Placodermi

The Placodermi were prehistoric fishes. Placoderms were the first of the jawed fishes, their jaws evolving from the first of their gill arches ^[2]. Their head and thorax were covered by articulated armoured plates and the rest of the body was scaled or naked. Image File history File links PlacodermiZICA.png Summary i draw it on macromdia flash 28 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 00:35, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of... Image File history File links PlacodermiZICA.png Summary i draw it on macromdia flash 28 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 00:35, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of... Orders Antiarchi† Arthrodira† Petalichthyda† Phyllolepida† Ptyctodontida† Rhenanida† The Placodermi are armoured prehistoric fishes known from fossils dating from the late Silurian to the end of the Devonian Period. ... Orders Antiarchi† Arthrodira† Petalichthyda† Phyllolepida† Ptyctodontida† Rhenanida† The Placodermi are armoured prehistoric fishes known from fossils dating from the late Silurian to the end of the Devonian Period. ... Prehistoric fish are various groups of fishes that lived before recorded history. ...

Panderichthys

Some fresh water lobe-finned fish (Sarcopterygii) develop legs and give rise to the Tetrapoda. The first tetrapods evolved in shallow and swampy freshwater habitats. Families See text. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Binomial name Tiktaalik roseae Daeschler, Shubin & Jenkins, 2006 Tiktaalik (IPA pronunciation: ) is a genus of extinct sarcopterygian (lobe-finned) fishes from the late Devonian period, with many features akin to those of tetrapods (four-legged animals). ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapodomorpha - Tetrapods Sarcopterygii (from Greek sarx, flesh, and pteryx, fin) is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (959x272, 17 KB) Summary i draw it with macromedia flash 29 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 03:33, 30 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (959x272, 17 KB) Summary i draw it with macromedia flash 29 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 03:33, 30 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this... Panderichthys Panderichthys is a 90-130 cm long fish from the Late Devonian period . ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... Classes Synapsida Sauropsida Amphibia A tetrapod (Greek tetrapoda, four-legged) is a vertebrate animal having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. ... This article is about evolution in biology. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... For the village on the Isle of Wight, see Freshwater, Isle of Wight. ... Habitat (which is Latin for it inhabits) is the place where a particular species live and grow. ...

Primitive tetrapods developed from a lobe-finned fish (an "osteolepid Sarcopterygian"), with a two-lobed brain in a flattened skull, a wide mouth and a short snout, whose upward-facing eyes show that it was a bottom-dweller, and which had already developed adaptations of fins with fleshy bases and bones. The "living fossil" coelacanth is a related lobe-finned fish without these shallow-water adaptations. These fishes used their fins as paddles in shallow-water habitats choked with plants and detritus. The universal tetrapod characteristics of front limbs that bend backward at the elbow and hind limbs that bend forward at the knee can plausibly be traced to early tetrapods living in shallow water. Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... Italic text // ahh addiing sum spiice iin hurr`` For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ... Grays Anatomy illustration of a human femur. ... Families See text. ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... A paddle is a tool, originally a propulsion implement for mixing or pushing against liquids, typically in order to propel a boat. ... Detritus may refer to: In geology, detritus is the name for loose fragments of rock that have been worn away by erosion. ... Look up Limb in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Elbow redirects here. ... For other uses, see Knee (disambiguation). ...

Panderichthys is a 90-130 cm (35-50 in) long fish from the Late Devonian period. It has a large tetrapod-like head. Panderichthys exhibits features transitional between lobe-finned fishes and early tetrapods. Panderichthys Panderichthys is a 90-130 cm long fish from the Late Devonian period . ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... The Devonian is a major division of the geologic timescale that extends from the end of the Silurian period (360 million years ago (mya)) to the beginning of the Mississippian subperiod of the Carboniferous (408. ... Groups See text. ... “Human Head” redirects here. ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ... Classes Synapsida Sauropsida Amphibia A tetrapod (Greek tetrapoda, four-legged) is a vertebrate animal having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. ...

Lungfishes retain some characteristics of the early Tetrapodas. One example is the Australian Lungfish. Orders See text. ... Classes Synapsida Sauropsida Amphibia A tetrapod (Greek tetrapoda, four-legged) is a vertebrate animal having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. ... Binomial name Neoceratodus forsteri The Queensland Lungfish is the sole member of the family Ceratodontidae, and one of the only three lungfish species that remain. ...

Acanthostega

Ichthyostega

Acanthostega is an extinct amphibian, among the first animals to have recognizable limbs. It is a candidate for being one of the first vertebrates to be capable of coming onto land. It lacked wrists, and was generally poorly adapted for life on land. The limbs could not support the animal's weight. Acanthostega had both lungs and gills, also indicating it was a link between lobe-finned fish and terrestrial vertebrates. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Acanthostega Acanthostega gunnari is an extinct amphibian tetrapod species, among the first animals to have recognizable limbs. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 19 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash October 2005 mateus zica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 19 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash October 2005 mateus zica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Species Ichthyostega (Greek: fish roof) is an early tetrapod genus living in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) period, 367-362. ... Acanthostega Acanthostega gunnari is an extinct amphibian tetrapod species, among the first animals to have recognizable limbs. ... Subclasses and Orders    Order Temnospondyli - extinct Subclass Lepospondyli - extinct Subclass Lissamphibia    Order Anura    Order Caudata    Order Gymnophiona Amphibians (class Amphibia; from Greek αμφις both and βιος life) are a taxon of animals that include all living tetrapods (four-legged vertebrates) that do not have amniotic eggs, are ectothermic (term for the animals... Look up Limb in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Classes and Clades See below Male and female Superb Fairy-wren Vertebrates are members of the subphylum Vertebrata (within the phylum Chordata), specifically, those chordates with backbones or spinal columns. ... In human anatomy, the wrist is the flexible and narrower connection between the forearm and the hand. ... Acanthostega Acanthostega gunnari is an extinct amphibian tetrapod species, among the first animals to have recognizable limbs. ... The heart and lungs (from an older edition of Grays Anatomy) The lung is an organ belonging to the respiratory system and interfacing to the circulatory system of air-breathing vertebrates. ... In aquatic organisms, gills are a respiratory organ for the extraction of oxygen from water and for the excretion of carbon dioxide. ... Subclasses Coelacanthimorpha - Coelacanths Dipnoi - Lungfishes Tetrapoda Sarcopterygii is traditionally the class of lobe-finned fishes, consisting of lungfish and coelacanths. ...

Ichthyostega is an early tetrapod. Being one of the first animals with legs, arms, and finger bones, Ichthyostega is seen as a hybrid between a fish and an amphibian. Ichthyostega' had legs but its limbs probably weren't used for walking, they may have spent very brief periods out of water and would have used their legs to paw their way through the mud. Species Ichthyostega (Greek: fish roof) is an early tetrapod genus living in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) period, 367-362. ... Groups See text. ... Species Ichthyostega (Greek: fish roof) is an early tetrapod genus living in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) period, 367-362. ... // This article is about a biological term. ... A giant grouper at the Georgia Aquarium Fish are aquatic vertebrates that are typically cold-blooded; covered with scales, and equipped with two sets of paired fins and several unpaired fins. ... For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... Species Ichthyostega (Greek: fish roof) is an early tetrapod genus living in the Upper Devonian (Famennian) period, 367-362. ... Look up Limb in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... An animated demonstration of a six-legged insect walking. ... In computer gaming, a MUD (Multi-User Dungeon, Domain or Dimension) is a multi-player computer game that combines elements of role-playing games, hack and slash style computer games and social chat rooms. ...

Amphibia were the first four-legged animals to develop lungs. For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... The heart and lungs (from an older edition of Grays Anatomy) The lung is an organ belonging to the respiratory system and interfacing to the circulatory system of air-breathing vertebrates. ...

Amphibians living today still retain many characteristics of the early tetrapods. For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ... Classes Synapsida Sauropsida Amphibia A tetrapod (Greek tetrapoda, four-legged) is a vertebrate animal having four feet, legs or leglike appendages. ...

Hylonomus

From amphibians came the first reptiles: Hylonomus is the earliest known reptile. It was 20 cm (8 in) long (including the tail) and probably would have looked rather similar to modern lizards. It had small sharp teeth and probably ate millipedes and early insects. It is a precursor of later amniotes and mammal-like reptiles. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (948x337, 18 KB) Summary I draw it with macromedia flash 29 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 22:08, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (948x337, 18 KB) Summary I draw it with macromedia flash 29 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 22:08, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this... Hylonomus lyelli was an early reptile. ... Hylonomus lyelli was an early reptile. ... Subclasses Anapsida Diapsida Synonyms Reptilia Laurenti, 1768 Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane, and members of the class Sauropsida. ... Families Many, see text. ... Subclasses, orders and families See text Millipedes (Class Diplopoda, previously also known as Chilognatha) are arthropods that have two pairs of legs per segment (except for the first segment behind the head which does not have any appendages at all, and the next few which only have one pair of... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Living subgroups Class Synapsida    Class Mammalia (mammals) Class Sauropsida    Anapsida        Testudines (turtles)    Diapsida        Lepidosauria           Squamata (lizards & snakes)           Sphenodontida (tuatara)        Archosauria           Crocodilia (crocodiles)           Class Aves (birds) The amniotes are a taxon of tetrapod vertebrates that include the Synapsida (mammals) and Sauropsida (reptiles and dinosaurs, including birds). ... Mammal-like reptiles is a term used to describe the prehistoric animals that appear to be the reptilian ancestors of mammals. ...

Evolution of the amniotic egg gives rise to the Amniota, reptiles that can reproduce on land and lay eggs on dry land. They did not need to return to water for reproduction. This adaptation gave them the capability to colonize the uplands for the first time. Extant subgroups Synapsida     Mammalia (mammals) Sauropsida    Anapsida        Testudines (turtles)    Diapsida        Lepidosauria           Squamata (lizards and snakes)           Sphenodontida (tuatara)        Archosauria           Crocodilia (crocodiles and alligators)           Aves (birds) The amniotes are a group of vertebrates, comprising the mammals, birds, and various other groups collectively referred to as reptiles. ... Extant subgroups Synapsida     Mammalia (mammals) Sauropsida    Anapsida        Testudines (turtles)    Diapsida        Lepidosauria           Squamata (lizards and snakes)           Sphenodontida (tuatara)        Archosauria           Crocodilia (crocodiles and alligators)           Aves (birds) The amniotes are a group of vertebrates, comprising the mammals, birds, and various other groups collectively referred to as reptiles. ... Subclasses Anapsida Diapsida Synonyms Reptilia Laurenti, 1768 Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane, and members of the class Sauropsida. ...

Reptiles have advanced nervous system, compared to amphibians. They have twelve pairs of cranial nerves. For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ...

Phtinosuchus, an early Therapsid

Shortly after the appearance of the first reptiles, two branches split off. One is Synapsida: they had a pair of holes in their skulls behind the eyes, which were used to increase the space for jaw muscles. The other branch is Diapsida. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 21 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash its a Phthinosuchus user:mateuszica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1021x326, 21 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash its a Phthinosuchus user:mateuszica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Species Phthinosuchus discors Phthinosaurus borissiaki Phthinosuchus was a therapsid that lived in Late Permian of Russia. ... Groups Biarmosuchia Dinocephalia Anomodontia Theriodontia    Cynodontia       (...mammals) Therapsids, previously known as the mammal-like reptiles, are a group of synapsids. ... Subclasses Anapsida Diapsida Synonyms Reptilia Laurenti, 1768 Reptiles are tetrapods and amniotes, animals whose embryos are surrounded by an amniotic membrane, and members of the class Sauropsida. ... Groups Caseasauria Eupelycosauria    Sphenacodontia       Therapsida          (...mammals) Synapsids (fused arch), formerly known as mammal-like reptiles, are a group of amniotes (reptiles and all their ancestors) that developed one hole in their skull (temporal fenestra) behind each eye, about 320 million years ago (Ma) during the late Carboniferous. ...

From synapsids came the Therapsida, the direct ancestor of mammals. They are often called mammal-like reptiles. Suborders Biarmosuchia Dinocephalia Eotheriodontia Anomodontia Gorgonopsia Therocephalia Cynodontia Therapsids, previously known as the mammal-like reptiles, are an order of synapsids. ... Orders Subclass Monotremata Monotremata Subclass Marsupialia Didelphimorphia Paucituberculata Microbiotheria Dasyuromorphia Peramelemorphia Notoryctemorphia Diprotodontia Subclass Placentalia Xenarthra Dermoptera Desmostylia Scandentia Primates Rodentia Lagomorpha Insectivora Chiroptera Pholidota Carnivora Perissodactyla Artiodactyla Cetacea Afrosoricida Macroscelidea Tubulidentata Hyracoidea Proboscidea Sirenia The mammals are the class of vertebrate animals primarily characterized by the presence of mammary... Mammal-like reptiles is a term used to describe the prehistoric animals that appear to be the reptilian ancestors of mammals. ...

The earliest mammal-like reptilian are the pelycosaurs. The pelycosaurs was the first animals to have temporal fenestra. Pelycosaurs are not Therapsida but soon they gave rise to them. The therapsids have temporal fenestrae larger and more mammal-like than pelycosaurs, their teeth show more serial differentiation; and later forms had evolved a secondary palate. A secondary palate enables the animal to eat and breathe at the same time and is a sign of a more active, perhaps warm-blooded, way of life. Groups see text The pelycosaurs (from Greek pelyx meaning bowl and sauros meaning lizard) were primitive Late Paleozoic synapsid amniotes. ... Large holes in the side of the skull. ... Suborders Biarmosuchia Dinocephalia Eotheriodontia Anomodontia Gorgonopsia Therocephalia Cynodontia Therapsids, previously known as the mammal-like reptiles, are an order of synapsids. ... The secondary palate exists in species with separate nasal cavities and oral cavities, in order to separate the two. ...

The jaws of cynodonts resemble modern mammal jaws more closely and their teeth are multi-cusped and differentiated down the jaw. Cynodonts are the direct ancestors of all modern mammals. Cynodonta is the order that contains the most mammal-like of the non-mammalian therapsids, which are sometimes termed mammal-like reptiles. The most derived cynodonts are found within a taxon called Eucynodontia, which also contains the members of Mammalia. ... Types of teeth Molars are used for grinding up foods Carnassials are used for slicing food. ... Human jaw front view Human jaw left view Human jaw top view The jaw is either of the two opposable structures forming, or near the entrance to, the mouth. ...

Repenomamus

From eucynodonts (cynodonts) came the first mammals. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 35 KB)Repenomamus i draw in Flash for wikipedia 7 september 2005 mateus zica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1024x768, 35 KB)Repenomamus i draw in Flash for wikipedia 7 september 2005 mateus zica File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Species Repenomamus robustus Li, Wang, Wang, Li, 2000 Repenomamus giganticus Hu, Meng, Wang, Li, 2005 Repenomamus is the largest mammal known from the Cretaceous period of the Mesozoic, and the only one with evidence that it ate dinosaurs. ... Families   Tritylodontidae   Tritheledontidae   a number of other families Ref. ... Cynodonta is the order that contains the most mammal-like of the non-mammalian therapsids, which are sometimes termed mammal-like reptiles. The most derived cynodonts are found within a taxon called Eucynodontia, which also contains the members of Mammalia. ... Subclasses & Infraclasses Subclass †Allotheria* Subclass Prototheria Subclass Theria Infraclass †Trituberculata Infraclass Metatheria Infraclass Eutheria Mammals (class Mammalia) are warm-blooded, vertebrate animals characterized by the production of milk in female mammary glands and the presence of hair, three middle ear bones used in hearing, and a neocortex region in the...

Most early mammals were small and shrew-like animals that fed on insects. Constant body temperature. All mammals have milk glands for their young.

Neocortex has evolved in mammals. This brain region is unique to mammals. The neocortex (Latin for new bark or new rind) is a part of the brain of mammals. ... Italic text // ahh addiing sum spiice iin hurr`` For other uses, see Brain (disambiguation). ...

The earliest mammals include:

• Eozostrodon: Triassic and Jurassic
• Deltatheridium: Cretaceous
• Jeholodens: mid-Cretaceous
• Megazostrodon: late Triassic and early Jurassic
• Triconodont: Triassic to Cretaceous
• Zalambdalestes: late Cretaceous

Eomaia scansoria

Eomaia scansoria, a eutherian mammal, leads to the formation of modern placental mammals. It looks like modern dormouse, climbing small shrubs in Liaoning, China. Eozostrodon was one of the first mammals, which lived during the Upper Triassic and the Lower Jurassic. ... The Triassic is a geologic period that extends from about 251 ± 0. ... The Jurassic Period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 199. ... Deltatheridium is one of the first species of mammals. ... The Cretaceous Period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic Period (i. ... Jeholodens was a primitive mammal belonging to the Triconodonta family, and which lived in present-day China during the Middle Cretaceous. ... Megazostrodon is an extinct Mammaliaform, widely accepted as being one of the first mammals to have appeared on Earth, first appearing in the fossil record approximately 200 million years ago. ... The Jurassic Period is a major unit of the geologic timescale that extends from about 199. ... Triconodonta is the generic name for a group of mammals which were the ancestors of present-day mammals and which lived between the Triassic and the Cretaceous. ... The Triassic is a geologic period that extends from about 251 ± 0. ... Zalambdalestes was a placentary mammal living during the Upper Cretaceous in Mongolia. ... The Cretaceous Period is one of the major divisions of the geologic timescale, reaching from the end of the Jurassic Period (i. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1017x276, 14 KB)eomaia draw i did myself File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1017x276, 14 KB)eomaia draw i did myself File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Eomaia scansoria Ji et al. ... Binomial name Eomaia scansoria Ji et al. ...   (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese: ; pinyin: Liáoníng) is a northeastern province of the Peoples Republic of China. ...

Carpolestes simpsoni

A Plesiadapis without fur.

A group of small, nocturnal and arboreal, insect-eating mammals called the Euarchonta begins a speciation that will lead to the primate, treeshrew and flying lemur orders. The Primatomorpha is a subdivision of Euarchonta that includes the primates and the proto-primate Plesiadapiformes. One of the early proto-primates is Plesiadapis. Plesiadapis still had claws and the eyes located on each side of the head, because of that they were faster on the ground than on the top of the trees, but they begin to spend long times on lower branches of trees, feeding on fruits and leafs. DNA, the molecular basis for inheritance. ... An ancestor is a parent or (recursively) the parent of an ancestor (i. ... Feral mouse A mouse (plural mice) is a rodent that belongs to one of numerous species of small mammals. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (837x474, 36 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash 23 oct 2005 it is a Carpolestes simpsoni File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (837x474, 36 KB)i draw it on macromedia flash 23 oct 2005 it is a Carpolestes simpsoni File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Carpolestes simpsoni Carpolestes simpsoni is an extinct species of Plesiadapiformes, which are the earliest primate-like mammals appearing in the fossil record. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (960x490, 30 KB) Summary I draw it 30 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 14:54, 30 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (960x490, 30 KB) Summary I draw it 30 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 14:54, 30 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Paleospecies Plesiadapis walbeckensis Plesiadapis remensis Plesiadapis tricuspidens Plesiadapis russelli Plesiadapis rex Plesiadapis gingerichi Plesiadapis churchilli Plesiadapis fodinatus Plesiadapis dubius Plesiadapis simonsi Plesiadapis cookei Plesiadapis is one of the oldest known primate-like mammal species which existed about 60 mya in Asia, Africa and South America. ... A dogs fur usually consists of longer, stiffer, guard hairs—which can be straight, wiry, or wavy, and of various lengths, hiding a soft, short-haired undercoat. ... Orders  Dermoptera  Scandentia  Primates The term Euarchonta first appeared in the general scientific literature in 1999, when molecular evidence suggested that the morphology-based Archonta be trimmed down to exclude Chiroptera. ... Families 15, See classification A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. ... Families Tupaiidae Ptilocercidae The treeshrews are small mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia. ... Species  Cynocephalus varigatus  Cynocephalus volans Colugos are arboreal gliding mammals found in South-east Asia. ... In scientific classification used in biology, the order (Latin: ordo, plural ordines) is a rank between class and family (termed a taxon at that rank). ... Families Micromomyidae Paromomyidae Picromomyidae Palaechthonidae Picrodontidae Microsyopidae Chronolestidae Plesiadapidae Carpolestidae Plesiadapiformes is an extinct order of mammals and are either closely related to the primates, or are the pre-cursor to them. ... Paleospecies Plesiadapis walbeckensis Plesiadapis remensis Plesiadapis tricuspidens Plesiadapis russelli Plesiadapis rex Plesiadapis gingerichi Plesiadapis churchilli Plesiadapis fodinatus Plesiadapis dubius Plesiadapis simonsi Plesiadapis cookei Plesiadapis is one of the oldest known primate-like mammal species which existed about 60 mya in Asia, Africa and South America. ... For other uses, see Fruit (disambiguation). ... “Foliage” redirects here. ...

One of the last Plesiadapiformes is Carpolestes simpsoni. It had grasping digits but no forward facing eyes. Families Micromomyidae Paromomyidae Picromomyidae Palaechthonidae Picrodontidae Microsyopidae Chronolestidae Plesiadapidae Carpolestidae Plesiadapiformes is an extinct order of mammals and are either closely related to the primates, or are the pre-cursor to them. ... Binomial name Carpolestes simpsoni Carpolestes simpsoni is an extinct species of Plesiadapiformes, which are the earliest primate-like mammals appearing in the fossil record. ...

Aegyptopithecus

Haplorrhini splits into infraorders Platyrrhini and Catarrhini. Platyrrhines, New World monkeys, have prehensile tails and males are color blind. They may have migrated to South America on a raft of vegetation across the Atlantic ocean (circa 4,500 km, 2,800 mi). Catarrhines mostly stayed in Africa as the two continents drifted apart. One ancestor of catarrhines might be Aegyptopithecus. Other ancient catarrhines include Bugtipithecus inexpectans, Phileosimias kamali and Phileosimias brahuiorum, which are all similar to today's lemurs. Soon catarrhine males gain color vision but lose the pheromone pathway. Families 15, See classification A primate is any member of the biological order Primates, the group that contains all the species commonly related to the lemurs, monkeys, and apes, with the latter category including humans. ... Families Cheirogaleidae Lemuridae Lepilemuridae Indridae Daubentoniidae (Aye-aye) Lorisidae Galagidae The Strepsirrhini clade is one of the two suborders of primates. ... Families Tarsiidae Cebidae Aotidae Pitheciidae Atelidae Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae The haplorrhines, the dry-nosed primates (the Greek name means simple-nosed), are members of the Haplorrhini clade: the prosimian tarsiers and all of the true simians (the monkeys and the apes, including humans). ... The Ring-tailed Lemur (Lemur catta) is a prosimian of the family Lemuridae. ... Superfamilies and Families Cheirogaleoidea Cheirogaleidae Lemuroidea Lemuridae Lepilemuridae Indriidae Lemurs make up the infraorder Lemuriformes and are members of a class of primates known as prosimians . ... Genera Loris Nycticebus For other uses, see Loris (disambiguation). ... Type species Lemur tarsier Erxleben, 1777 Species Tarsius syrichta Tarsius bancanus Tarsius tarsier Tarsius dentatus Tarsius lariang Tarsius pelengensis Tarsius sangirensis Tarsius pumilus The tarsiers are the members of the Tarsius genus of prosimian primates, monotypic in the Tarsiidae family and Tarsiiformes infraorder. ... Approximate worldwide distribution of monkeys. ... Families Hylobatidae Hominidae Apes are the members of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, which includes humans. ... Image File history File links AegptecusZICA.png Summary I draw it with macromedia flash 28 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 03:41, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of... Image File history File links AegptecusZICA.png Summary I draw it with macromedia flash 28 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateus Zica 03:41, 29 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of... Binomial name Aegyptopithecus zeuxis Aegyptopithecus, also called the Dawn Ape, is an early fossil catarrhine that predates the divergence between hominoids (apes) and Old World monkeys. ... Families Tarsiidae Cebidae Aotidae Pitheciidae Atelidae Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae The haplorrhines, the dry-nosed primates (the Greek name means simple-nosed), are members of the Haplorrhini clade: the prosimian tarsiers and all of the true simians (the monkeys and the apes, including humans). ... Families Cebidae Nyctipithecidae Pitheciidae Atelidae The New World monkeys or Platyrrhines are the four families of primates that are found in Central and South America, the Cebidae, Nyctipithecidae, Pitheciidae and Atelidae. ... Families Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae Catarrhini is the unranked group of the Primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder Haplorrhini. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Binomial name Aegyptopithecus zeuxis Aegyptopithecus, also called the Dawn Ape, is an early fossil catarrhine that predates the divergence between hominoids (apes) and Old World monkeys. ... Superfamilies and Families Cheirogaleoidea Cheirogaleidae Lemuroidea Lemuridae Lepilemuridae Indriidae Lemurs make up the infraorder Lemuriformes and are members of a class of primates known as prosimians . ...

Proconsul

Catarrhini splits into 2 superfamilies, Old World monkeys (Cercopithecoidea) and apes (Hominoidea). Image File history File links Download high resolution version (976x531, 35 KB) Summary I draw it 30 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateuszica 01:53, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Proconsul (genus) Timeline of human evolution Proconsul africanus User:Mateuszica/timelineour ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (976x531, 35 KB) Summary I draw it 30 oct 2005 Mateus Zica Mateuszica 01:53, 31 October 2005 (UTC) Licensing File links The following pages link to this file: Proconsul (genus) Timeline of human evolution Proconsul africanus User:Mateuszica/timelineour ... Species (extinct) Proconsul africanus Proconsul nyanzae Proconsul major Proconsul heseloni Proconsul was an early genus of apes from 27 to 17 million years ago during the Miocene epoch, first in Kenya, and restricted to Africa. ... Families Cercopithecidae Hylobatidae Hominidae Catarrhini is the unranked group of the Primates, one of the three major divisions of the suborder Haplorrhini. ... Subfamilies Cercopithecinae - 11 genera Colobinae - 10 genera The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a group of primates, falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade Catarrhini. ... Families Hylobatidae Hominidae Apes are the members of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, which includes humans. ...

Proconsul was an early genus of catarrhine primates. They had a mixture of Old World monkey and ape characteristics. Proconsul's monkey-like features include thin tooth enamel, a light build with a narrow chest and short forelimbs, and an arboreal quadrupedal lifestyle. Its ape-like features are its lack of a tail, ape-like elbows, and a slightly larger brain relative to body size. Species (extinct) Proconsul africanus Proconsul nyanzae Proconsul major Proconsul heseloni Proconsul was an early genus of apes from 27 to 17 million years ago during the Miocene epoch, first in Kenya, and restricted to Africa. ... For other uses of the word, please see Genus (disambiguation). ... Subfamilies Cercopithecinae - 11 genera Colobinae - 10 genera The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a group of primates, falling in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade Catarrhini. ... Families Hylobatidae Hominidae Apes are the members of the Hominoidea superfamily of primates, which includes humans. ... Approximate worldwide distribution of monkeys. ... A smiling humans visible teeth. ... A scorpion tail The tail is the section at the rear end of an animals body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso. ... Elbow redirects here. ...

Proconsul africanus is a possible ancestor of both great and lesser apes, and humans. Binomial name Proconsul africanus Hopwood, 1933b Proconsul africanus is the first species of the Miocene-era fossil genus of primate to be discovered (see under Proconsul) and was named by Arthur Hopwood, an associate of Louis Leakey, in 1933. ...

Pierolapithecus catalaunicus is believed to be a common ancestor of humans and the great apes or at least a species that brings us closer to a common ancestor than any previous fossil discovery. Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Genera Hylobates Hoolock Nomascus Symphalangus Gibbons are the small apes that are grouped in the family Hylobatidae. ... Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Genera Subfamily Ponginae Pongo - Orangutans Gigantopithecus (extinct) Sivapithecus (extinct) Subfamily Homininae Gorilla - Gorillas Pan - Chimpanzees Homo - Humans Paranthropus (extinct) Australopithecus (extinct) Sahelanthropus (extinct) Ardipithecus (extinct) Kenyanthropus (extinct) Pierolapithecus (extinct) (tentative) The Hominids (Hominidae) are a biological family which includes humans, extinct species of humanlike creatures and the other great apes... Pierolapithecus catalaunicus is the name of a species of primate which until recently, was only hypothesized. ... Missing link is a term for a transitional form from the fossil record that connects an earlier species to a later one, or which connects two different species to an earlier ancestor. ... FOSSIL is a standard for allowing serial communication for telecommunications programs under DOS. FOSSIL is an acronym for Fido Opus Seadog Standard Interface Layer. ...

Pierolapithecus had special adaptations for tree climbing, just as humans and other great apes do: a wide, flat ribcage, a stiff lower spine, flexible wrists, and shoulder blades that lie along its back. This article is about the bones called ribs. ... The vertebral column seen from the side Different regions (curvatures) of the vertebral column The vertebral column (backbone or spine) is a column of vertebrae situated in the dorsal aspect of the abdomen. ... This article is about the body part. ...

Sahelanthropus tchadensis

Human ancestors speciate from the ancestors of the chimpanzees. The latest common ancestor is Sahelanthropus tchadensis.The earliest in the human branch is Orrorin tugenensis (Millennium Man, Kenya). Both chimpanzees and humans have a larynx that repositions during the first two years of life to a spot between the pharynx and the lungs, indicating that the common ancestors have this feature, a precursor of speech. Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Type species Troglodytes gorilla Savage, 1847 distribution of Gorilla Species Gorilla gorilla Gorilla beringei The gorilla, the largest of the living primates, is a ground-dwelling omnivore that inhabits the forests of Africa. ... Image File history File links SahelanthropustchadensisZICA.png I draw it on macromedia flash 24 oct 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links SahelanthropustchadensisZICA.png I draw it on macromedia flash 24 oct 2005 File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name Sahelanthropus tchadensis Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an early fossil hominid, approximately 7 million years old from the Miocene. ... Trinomial name Homo sapiens sapiens Linnaeus, 1758 Humans, or human beings, are bipedal primates belonging to the mammalian species Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man or knowing man) in the family Hominidae (the great apes). ... Type species Simia troglodytes Blumenbach, 1775 distribution of Species Pan troglodytes Pan paniscus Chimpanzee, often shortened to chimp, is the common name for the two extant species in the genus Pan. ... Binomial name Sahelanthropus tchadensis Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an early fossil hominid, approximately 7 million years old from the Miocene. ... Binomial name †Orrorin tugenensis Senut et al, 2001 Orrorin tugenensis is considered as the second oldest possible hominin ancestor related to modern humans (other than Sahelanthropus tchadensis) and is the only species classified in genus Orrorin. ... The larynx (plural larynges), colloquially known as the voicebox, is an organ in the neck of mammals involved in protection of the trachea and sound production. ... The pharynx (plural: pharynges) is the part of the neck and throat situated immediately posterior to the mouth and nasal cavity, and cranial, or superior, to the esophagus, larynx, and trachea. ...

Homo habilis

Homo habilis is thought to be the ancestor of the lankier and more sophisticated, Homo ergaster, which in turn gave rise to the more human appearing species, Homo erectus. There is debate over whether H. habilis is a direct human ancestor, and over how many known fossils are properly attributed to the species. This article includes a list of works cited or a list of external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks in-text citations. ... Species †A. afarensis (Lucy) †A. africanus †A. anamensis †A. bahrelghazali †A. garhi Formerly Australopithecus, now Paranthropus † † † For the song Australopithecus by Modest Mouse, see Sad Sappy Sucker. ... Tribes Gorillini Hominini Homininae is a subfamily of Hominidae, including Homo sapiens and some extinct relatives, as well as the gorillas and the chimpanzees. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Species Dinofelis abeli Dinofelis barlowi Dinofelis diastemata Dinofelis paleoonca Dinofelis piveteaui Dinofelis therailurus Dinofelis is a genus of machairodontin saber-toothed cats belong to the tribe Metailurini that lived in Europe, Asia, Africa and North America approximately 5-1. ... Image File history File links HabilisZICA.png Summary I drtaw it on macromdia flash , 26 oct 2005 mateus zica Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links HabilisZICA.png Summary I drtaw it on macromdia flash , 26 oct 2005 mateus zica Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name †Homo habilis Leakey et al, 1964 Homo habilis (IPA ) (handy man, skillful person) is a species of the genus Homo, which lived from approximately 2. ... Binomial name †Homo habilis Leakey et al, 1964 Homo habilis (IPA ) (handy man, skillful person) is a species of the genus Homo, which lived from approximately 2. ... Binomial name †Homo ergaster Groves & Mazak, 1975 Homo ergaster (working man) is an extinct hominid species (or subspecies, according to some authorities) which lived throughout eastern and southern Africa between 1. ... Binomial name †Homo erectus (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ...

see: Homo rudolfensis Binomial name †Homo rudolfensis Alexeev, 1986 Homo rudolfensis is a fossil hominin species proposed in 1986 by V. P. Alexeev for the specimen Skull 1470 (KNM ER 1470)[1]. Originally thought to be a member of the species Homo habilis, the fossil was the center of much debate concerning its...

Homo erectus

Homo erectus evolves in Africa. Homo erectus would bear a striking resemblance to modern humans, but had a brain about 74 percent of the size of modern man. Its forehead is less sloping and the teeth are smaller. Image File history File links Erectus2ZICA.png Summary I draw it on macromdia flash , 26 oct 2005 mateus zica Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links Erectus2ZICA.png Summary I draw it on macromdia flash , 26 oct 2005 mateus zica Licensing File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Binomial name †Homo erectus (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... Binomial name †Homo erectus (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ...

It is believed to be an ancestor of modern humans (with Homo heidelbergensis usually treated as an intermediary step). Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ...

Homo sapiens

The first anatomically modern humans (Homo sapiens) appear in Africa some time before this, they evolved from Homo heidelbergensis. For the R&B singer, see Mya (singer). ... Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ... Binomial name Homo neanderthalensis King, 1864 The Neanderthal or Neandertal was a species of genus Homo (Homo neanderthalensis) that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia from about 230,000 to 29,000 years ago (in the Middle Palaeolithic, early Stone Age). ... Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... Binomial name †Homo erectus (Dubois, 1892) Synonyms † Pithecanthropus erectus † Sinanthropus pekinensis † Javanthropus soloensis † Meganthropus paleojavanicus Homo erectus (Latin: upright man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo. ... The Omo remains are a collection of hominid bones, discovered in around the Omo river, Ethiopia by the International Paleontological Research Expedition. ... The Omo remains are a collection of hominid bones, discovered in around the Omo river, Ethiopia by the International Paleontological Research Expedition. ... Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... Trinomial name Homo sapiens idaltu White et al, 2003 Homo sapiens idaltu (roughly translated as elderly wise man) is an extinct subspecies of Homo sapiens that lived almost 160,000 years ago in Pleistocene Africa. ... Mitochondrial Eve (mt-mrca) is the name given by researchers to the woman who is the matrilineal most recent common ancestor (MRCA) for all living humans. ... ... FOXP2 (forkhead box P2) is a gene that is implicated in the development of language skills, including grammatical competence. ... For a non-technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to Genetics. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1051x1258, 94 KB)Detail of depictions of man and woman on the Pioneer plaque. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1051x1258, 94 KB)Detail of depictions of man and woman on the Pioneer plaque. ... Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... Binomial name †Homo heidelbergensis Schoetensack, 1908 Homo heidelbergensis (Heidelberg Man) is an extinct species of the genus Homo and the direct ancestor of Homo neanderthalensis in Europe. ...

At present estimate, humans have approximately 20,000–25,000 genes and share 99% of their DNA with the now extinct Neanderthal ^[3] and 95% of their DNA with their closest living evolutionary relative, the chimpanzees^[4]. For a non-technical introduction to the topic, see Introduction to Genetics. ... The structure of part of a DNA double helix Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living organisms. ... In biology and ecology, extinction is the ceasing of existence of a species or group of species. ... Binomial name King, 1864 Neanderthal range Synonyms Palaeoanthropus neanderthalensis The Neanderthal (IPA pronunciation: ), (Homo neanderthalensis) or Neandertal was a species of the Homo genus that inhabited Europe and parts of western Asia. ... The structure of part of a DNA double helix Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living organisms. ... For other uses, see Life (disambiguation) and Living (disambiguation). ... Type species Simia troglodytes Blumenbach, 1775 distribution of Species Pan troglodytes Pan paniscus Chimpanzee, often shortened to chimp, is the common name for the two extant species in the genus Pan. ...

Homo sapiens skin is relatively hairless in comparison to other primates. The skin colour of contemporary humans can range from very dark brown to very pale pink. It is geographically stratified and in general correlates with the environmental level of UV. Human skin and hair colour is controlled in part by the MC1R gene. For example, the red hair and pale skin of some Europeans is the result of mutations in MC1R. Human skin has a capacity to darken (sun tanning) in response to UV exposure. Variation in the ability to sun tan is also controlled in part by MC1R. Homo sapiens (Latin: wise man) is the scientific name for the human species. ... “UV” redirects here. ... The Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) is one of the key proteins in hair colour production. ... Woman with red hair Teenage boy with red hair Red hair (also referred to as auburn, ginger, or titian) varies from a deep red through to bright copper. ... A European is primarily a person who was born into one of the countries within the continent of Europe. ... It has been suggested that mutant be merged into this article or section. ... The Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) is one of the key proteins in hair colour production. ... A woman sunbathing Sun tanning describes a darkening of the skin (especially of fair-skinned individuals) in a natural physiological response stimulated by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from sunshine (or a sunbed). ... The Melanocortin-1 receptor (Mc1r) is one of the key proteins in hair colour production. ...

w Y-chromosomal Adam is not the same individual at all points in human history. The most recent common patrilineal ancestor of humans alive today is different from the one for humans who will be alive a thousand years in the future: as male lines die out, a more recent individual, the Y-mrca of a subtree of the preceding Y-Adam, becomes the new Y-Adam. World map showing the location of Asia. ... A map showing countries commonly considered to be part of the Middle East The Middle East is a region comprising the lands around the southern and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Sea, a territory that extends from the eastern Mediterranean Sea to the Persian Gulf. ... Location of the Red Sea The Red Sea is an inlet of the Indian Ocean between Africa and Asia. ... The Arabian Peninsula The Arabian Peninsula is a mainly desert peninsula in Southwest Asia at the junction of Africa and Asia and an important part of the greater Middle East. ... For other uses, see Race (disambiguation). ... In paleoanthropology, the single-origin hypothesis (or Out-of-Africa model) is one of two accounts of the origin of anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens. ... Eruption column rising, Mount Redoubt, Alaska According to the Toba catastrophe theory, modern human evolution was affected by a recent, large volcanic event. ... Nuclear winter is a hypothetical global climate condition that is predicted to be a possible outcome of a large-scale nuclear war. ... In human genetics, Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-mrca) is the male counterpart to mitochondrial Eve: the most recent common ancestor from whom all male human Y chromosomes are descended. ... A world map showing the continent of Africa Africa is the worlds second-largest and second most-populous continent, after Asia. ... The most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of any set of organisms is the most recent individual from which all organisms in the group are directly descended. ... In human genetics, Y-chromosomal Adam (Y-mrca) is the patrilineal human most recent common ancestor (mrca) from whom all Y chromosomes in living men are descended. ...

M343, a genetic marker, first appears. This marker is estimated to have originated in an individual male in Africa 30,000 or more years ago and has propagated since then. This genetic marker is carried by most Western Europeans. It is carried by 70% of the entire population of England and 90% of some parts of Spain and Ireland and is also descended from the Cro-Magnon. Indigenous Australians are descendants of the first human inhabitants of the Australian continent and its nearby islands. ... It has been suggested that Western Siberia be merged into this article or section. ... Aleutians seen from space The Aleutian Islands (possibly from Chukchi aliat, island) are a chain of more than 300 small volcanic islands forming an island arc in the Northern Pacific Ocean, occupying an area of 6,821 sq mi (17,666 km²) and extending about 1,200 mi (1,900... M343 is a genetic marker, announced in 2004, which defines a specific Y chromosome binary polymorphism. ... A genetic marker is a known DNA sequences (e. ... A Cro-Magnon male skull Cro-Magnon man (IPA: or anglicised IPA: ) is one of the main types of Homo sapiens of the European Upper Paleolithic. ...