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Encyclopedia > Timeline of the history of Afghanistan

This is a timeline of the history of Afghanistan. To read about the background to these events, see History of Afghanistan. See also the list of leaders of Afghanistan and the list of years in Afghanistan. Excavation of prehistoric sites by Louis Dupree, the University of Pennsylvania, the Smithsonian Institute and others suggests that early humans were living in what is now Afghanistan at least 50,000 years ago, and that farming communities in Afghanistan were among the earliest in the world. ... Cultural Timeline 4000 to 1000 Prehistoric - Median Kingdom (First & second wave of Aryan Migration) 521 to 485 Reign and Conquest of Darius I divides the region into Gandhara and Bactria 500 to 250 Achaemenid Dynasty, Alexanderian, Seleuicid and Maurya dynasties. ...


This timeline is incomplete; some important events may be missing. Please help add to it.

Centuries: 18th - 19th - 20th - 21st

18th century

Year Date Event
1709 April 21 Mirwais Khan Hotak, the leader of the Ghilzai clan and mayor of Kandahar, killed the Persian-appointed governor Gurgin Khan and declared himself King of Afghanistan.
1715 Mirwais Khan died of natural causes. His son, Mir Mahmud Hotaki, succeeded him as king.
1722 The Afghan army captured the Persian capital, Isfahan. Mir Mahmud declared himself shah of Persia.
1725 Mir Mahmud was murdered. His cousin Ashraf Khan succeeded him.
1729 October Battle of Damghan: A Persian warlord, Nader Shah, defeated the forces of Ashraf Khan and forced them to retreat back into Afghanistan.

// Events January 12 - Two-month freezing period begins in France - The coast of the Atlantic and Seine River freeze, crops fail and at least 24. ... April 21 is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that Mir Wais Khan be merged into this article or section. ... The Ghilzais (also known as Khiljis or Ghaljis) are one of two largest groups of Pashtuns, along with the Durrani tribe, found in Afghanistan with a large group also found in neighboring Pakistan. ... This article is about the city in Afghanistan. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the old Persian homeland, and beyond in Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. ... George XI (Georgian: გიორგი, Giorgi), known as Gurgin Khan (Gorgin Khan) in Persia (1651 – April 21, 1709), ruled Kartli, eastern Georgia, from 1676 to 1688 and again from 1703 to 1709. ... Year 1715 (MDCCXV) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... It has been suggested that Mir Wais Khan be merged into this article or section. ... Mir Mahmud Hotaki (b. ... // Events Abraham De Moivre states De Moivres theorem connecting trigonometric functions and complex numbers Publication of the first book of Bachs Well-Tempered Clavier Fall of Persias Safavid dynasty during a bloody revolt of the Afghani people. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the old Persian homeland, and beyond in Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. ... Isfahan or Esfahan can refer to either a city or a province in Iran: Isfahan (city) Isfahan (province) Isfahan (rugs) Ispahan a kind of rose and an older pronounciation of the citys name. ... Mir Mahmud Hotaki (b. ... Events February 8 - Catherine I became empress of Russia February 20 - The first reported case of white men scalping Native Americans takes place in New Hampshire colony. ... Mir Mahmud Hotaki (b. ... Ashraf Shah Hotak (b. ... Events July 30 - Baltimore, Maryland is founded. ... Combatants Persia Afghans Commanders Nadir Shah Mahmud Ghilzay Strength Casualties The Battle of Damghan was fought in 1729 between Persian and Afghan forces. ... The Persian Empire was a series of historical empires that ruled over the Iranian plateau, the old Persian homeland, and beyond in Western Asia, Central Asia and the Caucasus. ... Nader Shah’s portrait from the collection of Smithsonian Institute Nāder Shāh Afshar (Persian: نادر شاه افشار ; also known as Nader Qoli Beg, نادر قلی بیگ, Tahmasp-Qoli Khan, تهماسپ قلی خان) (October 22, 1688 - June 19, 1747) ruled as Shah of Iran (1736–47) and was the founder of the Afsharid dynasty. ... Ashraf Shah Hotak (b. ...

19th century

Year Date Event
1809 The Afghan king Shuja Shah Durrani signed a treaty of alliance with the United Kingdom.
May 3 Shuja was overthrown by his brother Mahmud Shah Durrani.
1839 March First Anglo-Afghan War: A British expeditionary force captured Quetta.
August First Anglo-Afghan War: Shuja was reinstated to the throne.
1841 November First Anglo-Afghan War: A mob killed the British envoy to Afghanistan.

Year 1809 (MDCCCIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar). ... Shuja Shah (Shoja Shah, Shah Shujah, Shujah al-Mulk) (? - April 1842) was of the Sadozai line of the Abdali group of Pashtun clans. ... May 3 is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Shuja Shah (Shoja Shah, Shah Shujah, Shujah al-Mulk) (? - April 1842) was of the Sadozai line of the Abdali group of Pashtun clans. ... Padshah Dur-i-Durran Mahmud Shah, was the ruler of Afghanistan between 1801 and 1803 and again between 1809 and 1818. ... 1839 (MDCCCXXXIX) was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... The First Anglo–Afghan War lasted from 1839 to 1842. ... Quetta (Urdu: کوئٹہ) is the capital of the province Balochistan in Pakistan. ... Shuja Shah (Shoja Shah, Shah Shujah, Shujah al-Mulk) (? - April 1842) was of the Sadozai line of the Abdali group of Pashtun clans. ... 1841 is a common year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ...

20th century

Year Date Event
1965 January 1 The Marxist People's Democratic Party of Afghanistan (PDPA) held its first congress.
1978 April 28 Saur Revolution: Military units loyal to the PDPA assaulted the Afghan Presidential palace, killing President Mohammed Daoud Khan.
May 1 Saur Revolution: The PDPA installed its leader, Nur Muhammad Taraki, as President of Afghanistan.
July A rebellion against the new Afghan government began with an uprising in Nuristan.
December 5 A treaty was signed which permitted deployment of the Soviet military at the Afghan government's request.
1979 September 14 Taraki was murdered by supporters of Prime Minister Hafizullah Amin.
December 24 Soviet war in Afghanistan: Fearing the collapse of the Amin regime, the Soviet army invaded Afghanistan.
December 27 Operation Storm-333: Soviet troops occupied major governmental, military and media buildings in Kabul, including the Tajbeg Presidential Palace, and executed Prime Minister Amin.
1988 April 14 Soviet war in Afghanistan: The Soviet government signed the Geneva Accords, which included a timetable for withdrawing their armed forces.
1989 February 15 Soviet war in Afghanistan: The last Soviet troops left the country.

1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1965 calendar). ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... Marxism is the political practice and social theory based on the works of Karl Marx, a 19th century philosopher, economist, journalist, and revolutionary, along with Friedrich Engels. ... The Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (in Persian: حزب دموکراتيک خلق افغانستان, in Pashto: د افغانستان د خلق دموکراټیک ګوند, PDPA) was a Soviet-aligned Revisionist party that ruled Afghanistan from 1978 to 1991 with the help of 12000 Russian troops. ... Year 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays the 1978 Gregorian calendar). ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The Saur Revolution is the name given to the Communist PDPA takeover of political power in Afghanistan in 1978. ... The Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (in Persian: حزب دموکراتيک خلق افغانستان, in Pashto: د افغانستان د خلق دموکراټیک ګوند, PDPA) was a Soviet-aligned Revisionist party that ruled Afghanistan from 1978 to 1991 with the help of 12000 Russian troops. ... This article or section cites very few or no references or sources. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... The Peoples Democratic Party of Afghanistan (in Persian: حزب دموکراتيک خلق افغانستان, in Pashto: د افغانستان د خلق دموکراټیک ګوند, PDPA) was a Soviet-aligned Revisionist party that ruled Afghanistan from 1978 to 1991 with the help of 12000 Russian troops. ... Nur Muhammad Taraki (July 15, 1913 - September 14, 1979) was an Afghan political figure, amateur poet, and revolutionary. ... Nurestan Province (also spelled Nuristan) is one of the thirty-four provinces of Afghanistan. ... December 5 is the 339th day (340th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Soviet redirects here. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... September 14 is the 257th day of the year (258th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Nur Muhammad Taraki (July 15, 1913 - September 14, 1979) was an Afghan political figure, amateur poet, and revolutionary. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... December 24 is the 358th day of the year (359th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Combatants Soviet Union Democratic Republic of Afghanistan Afghan and foreign Mujahideen rebels supported by nations such as: United States, Peoples Republic of China, Saudi Arabia, Pakistan, Iran Commanders Soviet forces only Boris Gromov Pavel Grachev Valentin Varennikov Abdul Haq Jalaluddin Haqqani Gulbuddin Hekmatyar Mohammed Khalis Ismail Khan Ahmed Shah... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Soviet redirects here. ... December 27 is the 361st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (362nd in leap years). ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Soviet redirects here. ... For other places with the same name, see Kabul (disambiguation). ... Tajbeg Palace, 1987. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Year 1988 (MCMLXXXVIII) was a leap year starting on Friday (link displays 1988 Gregorian calendar). ... April 14 is the 104th day of the year (105th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 261 days remaining. ... Soviet redirects here. ... The Geneva Accords, known formally as the agreements on the settlement of the situation relating to Afghanistan, were signed on 14 April 1988 between Afghanistan and Pakistan, with the United States and the Soviet Union serving as guarantors. ... Year 1989 (MCMLXXXIX) was a common year starting on Sunday (link displays 1989 Gregorian calendar). ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Soviet redirects here. ...

21st century

Year Date Event
2001 September 11 September 11, 2001 attacks: Members of Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda organization, headquartered in Afghanistan, committed a series of terrorist attacks on the commercial and military centers of the United States.
September 20 United States president George W. Bush demanded that the Afghan government turn over all resident al-Qaeda members to the United States and close all resident terrorist training camps.
September 21 The government refused Bush's ultimatum.
October 7 War in Afghanistan (2001–present): The United States began an aerial bombing campaign against the Taliban.
2003 December 14 2003 loya jirga: A 502-delegate loya jirga was convened to consider a new Afghan constitution.

 

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