Timothy Leary
Born	October 22, 1920(1920-10-22) Springfield, Massachusetts, U.S.
Died	May 31, 1996 (aged 75) Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Nationality	American
Occupation	Scientist Author
Employers	UC Berkeley Kaiser Family Foundation Harvard
Known for	Psychedelic drug research
Spouse	Marianne Busch (1945-1955) Mary Della Cioppa (1956-1957) Nena Thurman (1964-1965) Rosemary Woodruff (1967-1976) Barbara Chase (1978-1992)

Timothy Francis Leary (October 22, 1920 – May 31, 1996) was an American writer, psychologist, futurist, modern pioneer and advocate of psychedelic drug research and use, and one of the first people whose remains have been sent into space. An icon of 1960s counterculture, Leary is most famous as a proponent of the therapeutic and spiritual benefits of LSD. He coined and popularized the catch phrase "Turn on, tune in, drop out." Timothy James Leary (born December 23, 1958, in Santa Monica, California) was a Major League Baseball right-handed pitcher. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Timothy-Leary-Los-Angeles-1989. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Nickname: Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Hampden Settled 1636 Incorporated 1852 Government  - Type Mayor-council city  - Mayor Charles Ryan (D) Area  - Total 33. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... is the 151st day of the year (152nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Los Angeles and L.A. redirect here. ... This article is about the U.S. state. ... For other uses of terms redirecting here, see US (disambiguation), USA (disambiguation), and United States (disambiguation) Motto In God We Trust(since 1956) (From Many, One; Latin, traditional) Anthem The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City National language English (de facto)1 Demonym American... The University of California, Berkeley (also known as Cal, UC Berkeley, UCB, or simply Berkeley) is a prestigious, public, coeducational university situated in the foothills of Berkeley, California to the east of San Francisco Bay, overlooking the Golden Gate and its bridge. ... The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF), or just Kaiser Family Foundation, is a U.S.-based non-profit philanthropic private operating foundation headquartered in Menlo Park, California. ... Harvard University is a private university in Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA, and a member of the Ivy League. ... A fractal pattern similar to the spiral patterns that may be seen as the result of some psychedelic drug experiences. ... is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display 1920) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 151st day of the year (152nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1996 (MCMXCVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full 1996 Gregorian calendar). ... Motto: (traditional) In God We Trust (official, 1956–present) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington, D.C. Largest city New York City Official language(s) None at the federal level; English de facto Government Federal Republic  - President George W. Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence - Declared - Recognized... A writer is anyone who creates a written work, although the word more usually designates those who write creatively or professionally, or those who have written in many different forms. ... A psychologist is an expert in psychology, the systematic investigation of the human body, including behavior, cognition, and affect. ... For other meanings of this term, see Futurists (disambiguation). ... A fractal pattern similar to the spiral patterns that may be seen as the result of some psychedelic drug experiences. ... // The counterculture of the 1960s was a social revolution between the period of 1960 and 1973[1] that began in the United States as a reaction against the conservative social norms of the 1950s, the political conservatism (and perceived social repression) of the Cold War period, and the US government... Therapy (in Greek: θεραπεία) or treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a diagnosis. ... Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ... A catch phrase is a phrase or expression that is popularized, usually through repeated use, by a real person or fictional character. ... Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (Original Movie Soundtrack) Turn on, tune in, drop out is a counterculture phrase coined by Timothy Leary in the 1960s. ...

Biography

Early life

Leary was born in Springfield, Massachusetts, an only child^[1] of an Irish American dentist who abandoned the family when Leary was 13. He graduated from Springfield's Classical High School. Leary attended three different colleges and was disciplined at each.^[1] He studied for two years at the College of the Holy Cross in Worcester, Massachusetts. Leary received a bachelor's degree in psychology at the University of Alabama in 1943. An obituary of Leary in the New York Times said he had a "discipline problem" there as well, but that he "finally earned his bachelor's degree in the U. S. Army during World War II,"^[1] when he served as a sergeant in the Medical Corps. Leary dropped out of the class of 1943 at The United States Military Academy at West Point. He received a master's degree at Washington State University in 1946, and a Ph.D. in psychology at the University of California, Berkeley in 1950^[2]. The title of Leary's Ph.D. dissertation was, "The Social Dimensions of Personality: Group Structure and Process." He went on to become an Assistant Professor at Berkeley (1950-1955), a director of psychiatric research at the Kaiser Family Foundation (1955-1958), and a lecturer in psychology at Harvard University (1959-1963). He was officially expelled from the faculty of Harvard for failing to conduct his scheduled class lectures; however, his contribution to the spreading popularity of then-legal psychedelic substances among Harvard students due to his research and other activities played a large part in the move to dismiss him. Nickname: Location in Hampden County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Hampden Settled 1636 Incorporated 1852 Government  - Type Mayor-council city  - Mayor Charles Ryan (D) Area  - Total 33. ... An only child is a child with no siblings, either biological or adopted. ... Irish population density in the United States, 1872. ... Not to be confused with Holy Cross College (Indiana) or other similarly named Holy Cross Colleges. ... For other uses, see Worcester (disambiguation). ... A bachelors degree is usually an undergraduate academic degree awarded for a course or major that generally lasts for three, four, or in some cases and countries, five or six years. ... {redirect|Psychological science|the journal|Psychological Science (journal)}} Not to be confused with Phycology. ... The University of Alabama (also known as Alabama, UA or colloquially as Bama) is a public coeducational university located in Tuscaloosa, Alabama, USA. Founded in 1831, UA is the flagship school of the University of Alabama System. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Washington State University (WSU) is a major public research university in Pullman, Washington. ... Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated Ph. ... Sather Tower (the Campanile) looking out over the San Francisco Bay and Mount Tamalpais. ... The Henry J. Kaiser Family Foundation (KFF), or just Kaiser Family Foundation, is a U.S.-based non-profit philanthropic private operating foundation headquartered in Menlo Park, California. ... Harvard redirects here. ...

Leary's early work in psychology continued the exploration by such pioneers as Dr. Harry Stack Sullivan, Dr. Karen Horney, Sam Biglari, and others, of the importance of interpersonal forces to mental health. Dr. Leary specifically focused on how the interpersonal process might be used to diagnose personality patterns or disorders. He developed a complex and respected interpersonal circumplex model, published in The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality, that offered a means by which psychologists could use MMPI scores to quickly determine a respondent's characteristic interpersonal modes of reaction. It is a credit to the robustness of his ideas that circumplex models continue to figure prominently in interpersonal research. [3] Herbert Harry Stack Sullivan (February 21, 1892, Norwich, New York – January 14, 1949, Paris, France) was a U.S. psychiatrist whose work in psychoanalysis was based on direct and verifiable observation (versus the more abstract conceptions of the unconscious mind favored by Sigmund Freud and his disciples). ... Karen Horney Karen Horney (horn-eye), born Danielsen (September 16, 1885 – December 4, 1952) was a German Freudian psychoanalyst of Norwegian and Dutch descent. ... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) is the most frequently used test in the mental health fields. ...

In 1955, his first wife, Marianne, committed suicide, leaving him to become a single parent to his son and daughter.^[1] Before his first experiments with mushrooms, Leary described his life of 35 years disparagingly, writing that he had been "an anonymous institutional employee who drove to work each morning in a long line of commuter cars and drove home each night and drank martinis . . . like several million middle-class, liberal, intellectual robots."^[3][4] The martini is a cocktail made with gin and dry white vermouth, although substituting vodka for gin is now common. ...

Psychedelic experiments and experiences

On May 13, 1957, Life magazine published an article by R. Gordon Wasson that documented (and popularized) the use of psilocybin mushrooms in the religious ceremony of the indigenous Mazatec people of Mexico.^[5] Anthony Russo, a colleague of Leary's, had recently taken this psychedelic (or entheogenic) Psilocybe mexicana during a trip to Mexico, and related the experience to Leary. In August 1960,^[6] Leary traveled to the Mexican city of Cuernavaca with Russo and tried psilocybin mushrooms for the first time, an experience that drastically altered the course of his life (Ram Dass Fierce Grace, 2001, Zeitgeist Video). In 1965, Leary commented that he "learned more about... (his) brain and its possibilities... (and) more about psychology in the five hours after taking these mushrooms than... (he) had in the preceding fifteen years of studying doing [sic] research in psychology." (Ram Dass Fierce Grace, 2001, Zeitgeist Video). is the 133rd day of the year (134th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... Philippe Halsmans famous portrait of Marilyn Monroe Life generally refers to two American magazines: A humor and general interest magazine published from 1883 to 1936; A publication created by Time founder Henry Luce in 1936, with a strong emphasis on photojournalism. ... R. Gordon Wasson (September 22, 1898 – December 23, 1986) was an author, amateur researcher and banker. ... Magic mushrooms are also known as sacred mushrooms, psychedelic mushrooms, and, more generally, hallucinogenic mushrooms. ... Image:Wassonsalviaphoto1. ... For psychedelics, see psychedelic drug. ... This entry covers entheogens as psychoactive substances used in a religious or shamanic context. ... Binomial name Heim Psilocybe mexicana is a psychedelic mushroom of the Agaricales family, having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. ... Cuernavaca is the capital and largest city of the state of Morelos in Mexico. ... Psilocybin (also known as psilocybine) is a psychedelic alkaloid of the tryptamine family, found in psilocybin mushrooms. ...

Upon his return to Harvard that fall, Leary and his associates, notably Richard Alpert (later known as Ram Dass), began a research program known as the Harvard Psilocybin Project. The goal was to analyze the effects of psilocybin on human subjects (in this case, prisoners and later students of the Andover Newton Theological Seminary) using a synthesized version of the then-legal drug—one of two active compounds found in a wide variety of hallucinogenic mushrooms including Psilocybe mexicana. The compound was produced according to a recipe developed by research chemist Albert Hofmann of Sandoz Pharmaceuticals. Richard Alpert redirects here. ... Begun by Dr. Timothy Leary and Dr. Richard Alpert, the Harvard Psilocybin Project was a series of loose experiments in psychology conducted by Leary and Alpert. ... Binomial name Heim Psilocybe mexicana is a psychedelic mushroom of the Agaricales family, having psilocybin and psilocin as main active compounds. ... This article is about the Swiss chemist. ... Sandoz is the generics subsidiary of Novartis, one of the Big Pharma pharmaceutical companies. ...

Leary argued that psychedelics, used with the right dosage, set and setting, and with the guidance of psychology professionals, could alter behavior in unprecedented and beneficial ways. The goals of Leary's research included finding better ways to treat alcoholism and to reform convicted criminals. Many of Leary's research participants reported profound mystical and spiritual experiences, which they claim permanently altered their lives in a very positive manner. According to Leary's autobiography, Flashbacks, they administered LSD to 300 professors, graduate students, writers and philosophers, and 75 percent of them reported it as being like a revelation to them and one of the most educational experiences of their lives.^{[citation needed]} For psychedelics, see psychedelic drug. ... For the Bardo Pond album, see Set and Setting (Album). ... Alcoholism is the consumption of, or preoccupation with, alcoholic beverages to the extent that this behavior interferes with the drinkers normal personal, family, social, or work life, and may lead to physical or mental harm. ... for other uses please see Crime (disambiguation) A crime is an act that violates a political or moral law. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Flashbacks is Timothy Learys auto-biography published in 1983. ...

In the Concord Prison experiment, they administered psilocybin to prisoners, and after being guided through the trips by Leary and his associates, 36 prisoners allegedly turned their backs on crime. The normal recidivism rate of prisoners is about 80 percent, but of the subjects involved in the project, about 80 percent did not return to prison, i.e. a 20 percent recidivism rate. However, the results of this experiment have been largely contested by a follow-up study, citing several problems, including differences in the length of time after release that the study group versus the control group, and other methodology factors, including the difference between subjects re-incarcerated for parole violations versus those imprisoned for new crimes. This study concluded that only a statistically slight improvement could be shown (as opposed to the radical improvement originally reported). In his interview within the study, Leary expressed that the major lesson of the Concord Prison experiment was that the key to a long-term reduction in overall recidivism rates might be the combination of the pre-release administration of psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy with a comprehensive post-release follow-up program modeled on Alcoholics Anonymous groups to offer support to the released prisoners. The study concluded that whether a new program of psilocybin-assisted group psychotherapy and post-release programs would significantly reduce recidivism rates is an empirical question that deserves to be addressed within the context of a new experiment.^[7]

Leary and Alpert founded the International Foundation for Internal Freedom in 1962 in Cambridge, Massachusetts. This was run by Lisa Bieberman (now known as Licia Kuenning), a protegé of Leary and one of his many lovers. Around this time, their Harvard colleagues grew uneasy about their research, and about the rumors and complaints (some by parents of students) that had reached the university administration about Leary and Alpert's alleged distribution of hallucinogens to their students.^{[citation needed]} To further complicate matters, their research attracted a great deal of public attention. As a result, many people wanted to participate in the experiments, but were unable to do so because of the high demand. In order to satisfy the curiosity of those who were turned away, a black market for psychedelics developed near the Harvard University Campus (Weil, 1963). For the American baseball player use Tim Leary (baseball player) Timothy Francis Leary, Ph. ... Location in Middlesex County in Massachusetts Coordinates: , Country State County Middlesex Settled 1630 Incorporated 1636 Government  - Type Mayor-City Council  - Mayor Kenneth Reeves (D) Area  - Total 7. ...

According to biographer Robert Greenfield, in May 1963, Leary and Alpert were dismissed from Harvard after college authorities alleged that undergraduates had shared in the researchers' drugs.^[8] According to Andrew Weil, Leary was fired for not showing up to his lecture classes (while Alpert was fired for allegedly giving psilocybin to an undergraduate in an off campus apartment) (Weil, 1963). This version is supported by the words of Harvard President Nathan M. Pusey, who, regarding Leary's termination, released the following statement on May 27, 1963: "On May 6, 1963, the Harvard Corporation voted, because Timothy F. Leary, lecturer on clinical psychology, has failed to keep his classroom appointments and has absented himself from Cambridge without permission, to relieve him from further teaching duty and to terminate his salary as of April 30, 1963" (New York Times, 03/12/1966, p. 25). This article is about the alternative medicine proponent. ... Psilocybin (also known as psilocybine) is a psychedelic alkaloid of the tryptamine family, found in psilocybin mushrooms. ... is the 120th day of the year (121st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For other uses, see 1963 (disambiguation). ...

Leary's activities interested siblings Peggy, Billy and Tommy Hitchcock, heirs to the Mellon fortune, who in 1963 helped Leary and his associates acquire the use of a rambling mansion on an estate in the town of Millbrook (near Poughkeepsie, New York), where they continued their experiments.^[8] Leary later wrote: "We saw ourselves as anthropologists from the twenty-first century inhabiting a time module set somewhere in the dark ages of the 1960s. On this space colony we were attempting to create a new paganism and a new dedication to life as art." (Storming Heaven: LSD and the American Dream (1998) by Jay Stevens, p. 208) Mellon portrait Andrew William Mellon (March 24, 1855–August 27, 1937) was an American banker, industrialist, philanthropist, and Secretary of the Treasury from March 4, 1921 until February 12, 1932. ... Millbrook is a village in Dutchess County, New York, United States. ... Poughkeepsie City of Poughkeepsie Town of Poughkeepsie Poughkeepsie, Arkansas This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Later, the Millbrook estate was described as "the headquarters of Leary and gang for the better part of five years, a period filled with endless parties, epiphanies and breakdowns, emotional dramas of all sizes, and numerous raids and arrests, many of them led by the local assistant district attorney, G. Gordon Liddy."^{[8][citation needed]} Others contest this characterization of the Millbrook estate; for instance, in his book, The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test, Tom Wolfe portrays Leary as only interested in research, and not using psychedelics merely for recreational purposes. According to "The Crypt Trip" chapter of Wolfe's book, when Ken Kesey's Merry Pranksters visited the residence, the Pranksters did not even see Leary, who was engaged in a three-day trip. According to Wolfe, Leary's group even refused to give the Pranksters acid. This article is about a feeling, for other meanings see epiphany (disambiguation). ... George Gordon Battle Liddy (born November 30, 1930) was the chief operative for U.S. President Richard Nixons White House Plumbers unit. ... The Electric Kool-Aid Acid Test is a literary journalism novel written by Tom Wolfe early in his career in 1968. ... For the early 20th century American novelist, see Thomas Wolfe. ... Kenneth Elton Kesey (September 17, 1935 – November 10, 2001) was an American author, best known for his novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, and as a counter-cultural figure who, some consider, was a link between the beat generation of the 1950s and the hippies of the 1960s. ... The Merry Pranksters are a group of people who originally formed around American author Ken Kesey in the early 1960s and sometimes lived communally at his homes in California and Oregon. ... Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ...

In 1964, Leary co-authored a book with Alpert and Ralph Metzner called The Psychedelic Experience, based upon the Tibetan Book of the Dead. In it, they wrote: Dr. Ralph Metzner Ph. ... The Bardo Thodol, sometimes called the Tibetan Book of the Dead, is a funerary text that describes the experiences of the soul after death during the interval known as bardo between death and rebirth. ...

Repeated FBI raids ended the Millbrook era. Regarding a 1966 raid by G. Gordon Liddy, Leary told author and Prankster Paul Krassner: "He was a government agent entering our bedroom at midnight. We had every right to shoot him. But I've never owned a weapon in my life. I have never had and never will have a gun around." Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ... Psilocybin (also known as psilocybine) is a psychedelic alkaloid of the tryptamine family, found in psilocybin mushrooms. ... Mescaline (3,4,5-trimethoxyphenethylamine) is a psychedelic alkaloid of the phenethylamine class. ... Dimethyltryptamine (DMT), also known as N,N-dimethyltryptamine, is a psychedelic tryptamine. ... The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) is a federal criminal investigative, intelligence agency, and the primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Justice (DOJ). ... George Gordon Battle Liddy (born November 30, 1930) was the chief operative for U.S. President Richard Nixons White House Plumbers unit. ... Paul Krassner (April 9, 1932) was the founder, editor and a frequent contributor to the freethought magazine The Realist, first published in 1958. ...

On September 19, 1966, Leary founded the League for Spiritual Discovery, a religion declaring LSD as its holy sacrament, in part as an unsuccessful attempt to maintain legal status for the use of LSD and other psychedelics for the religion's adherents, based on a "freedom of religion" argument. (Although The Brotherhood of Eternal Love would subsequently consider Leary their spiritual leader, The Brotherhood did not evolve out of IFIF International Foundation for Internal Freedom.) On October 6, 1966, LSD was made illegal in the United States and controlled so strictly that not only were possession and recreational use criminalized, but all legal scientific research programs on the drug in the US were shut down as well. is the 262nd day of the year (263rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... The League For Spiritual Discovery was a religious organization based around the works of Timothy Leary, and strove for legal use of LSD for religious purposes. ... Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ... The Brotherhood of Eternal Love operated a drugs distribution network throughout the United States, most notably in California where the organisation received large shipments of hashish from Pakistan and Afghanistan, helped by Welshman Howard Marks (now a cult figure in the world of drugs). ... For the American baseball player use Tim Leary (baseball player) Timothy Francis Leary, Ph. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ...

During late 1966 and early 1967, Leary toured college campuses presenting a multi-media performance called "The Death of the Mind," which attempted to artistically replicate the LSD experience. Leary said the League for Spiritual Discovery was limited to 360 members and was already at its membership limit, but he encouraged others to form their own psychedelic religions. He published a pamphlet in 1967 called Start Your Own Religion, to encourage people to do so (see below under "writings"). The League For Spiritual Discovery was a religious organization based around the works of Timothy Leary, and strove for legal use of LSD for religious purposes. ... For psychedelics, see psychedelic drug. ...

On January 14, 1967, Leary spoke at the Human Be-In, a gathering of 30,000 hippies in Golden Gate Park in San Francisco and uttered his famous phrase, "Turn on, tune in, drop out." The phrase came to him in the shower one day after Marshall McLuhan suggested to Leary that he should come up with "something snappy" to promote the benefits of LSD.^[1] is the 14th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... The Human Be-In was a happening in San Franciscos Golden Gate Park, the afternoon and evening of January 14, 1967. ... For the British TV show, see Hippies (TV series). ... Golden Gate Park, located in San Francisco, California, is a large urban park. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (Original Movie Soundtrack) Turn on, tune in, drop out is a counterculture phrase coined by Timothy Leary in the 1960s. ... “McLuhan” redirects here. ...

At some point in the late 1960s, Leary moved to California. He made a number of friends in Hollywood. "When he married his third wife, Rosemary Woodruff in 1967, the event was directed by Ted Markland of 'Bonanza.' All the guests were on acid."^[1] Rosemary Sarah Woodruff Leary (April 26, 1935 – February 7, 2002) was born into a conservative Baptist environment. ... This article is about the television program. ...

In the late 1960s and early 1970s, Leary (in collaboration with the writer Brian Barritt) formulated his circuit model of consciousness, in which he claimed that the human mind/nervous system consisted of seven circuits which, when activated, produce seven levels of consciousness (this model was first published as the short essay, 'The Seven Tongues of God'). The system soon expanded to include an eighth circuit; this version was first unveiled to the world in the rare 1973 pamphlet Neurologic (written with Joanna Leary while he was in prison), but was not exhaustively formulated until the publication of Exo-Psychology (by Leary) and in Robert Anton Wilson's Cosmic Trigger in 1977. Wilson contributed significantly to the model after befriending Leary in the early 70s, and has used it as a framework for further exposition in his book Prometheus Rising, among other works. The 8-Circuit Model of Consciousness is a heuristic model of consciousness proposed by Timothy Leary. ... Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... Cover of a recent New Falcon Publications edition of Robert Anton Wilsons Cosmic Trigger I Cosmic Trigger I: The Final Secret of The Illuminati (ISBN 1-56184-003-3) is the first book in the Cosmic Trigger series, first published in 1977 and the first volume of a three... Cover of Robert Anton Wilsons Prometheus Rising Prometheus Rising by Robert Anton Wilson is a guide book of how to get from here to there, an amalgam of Timothy Learys 8-circuit model of consciousness, Gurdjieffs self-observation exercises, Alfred Korzybskis general semantics, Aleister Crowleys...

Leary believed that the first four of these circuits ("the Larval Circuits" or "Terrestrial Circuits") are naturally accessed by most people in their lifetimes, triggered at natural transition points in life, such as puberty. The second four circuits ("the Stellar Circuits" or "Extra-Terrestrial Circuits"), Leary claimed, were evolutionary off-shoots of the first four that would be triggered at transition points that we will have when we evolve further, and would equip us to encompass life in space, as well as the expansion of consciousness that would be necessary to make further scientific and social progress. Leary suggested that some people may "shift to the latter four gears" (i.e. trigger these circuits artificially) by utilizing consciousness-altering techniques such as meditation and spiritual endeavors such as yoga, or by taking psychedelic drugs specific to each circuit. An example of the information Leary cited as evidence for the purpose of the "higher" four circuits was the feeling of floating and uninhibited motion experienced by users of marijuana. In the eight circuit model of consciousness, a primary theoretical function of the fifth circuit (the first of the four developed for life in outer space) is to allow humans to become accustomed to life in a zero or low gravity environment. For other senses of this word, see Meditation (disambiguation). ... For other uses such as Yoga postures, see Yoga (disambiguation) Statue of Shiva performing Yogic meditation Yoga (Sanskrit: योग Yoga, IPA: ) is a group of ancient spiritual practices originating in India. ... This entry pertains to the word psychedelic, its origin and uses. ... Cannabis, also known as marijuana[1] or ganja (Hindi: गांजा),[2] is a psychoactive product of the plant Cannabis sativa. ... The 8-Circuit Model of Consciousness is a model of consciousness created by Timothy Leary. ...

Trouble with the law

DEA agents Don Strange (right) and Howard Safir (left) arrest Leary in 1972

Leary's first run in with the law came on December 20, 1965. During a border crossing from Mexico into the United States, his daughter was caught with marijuana. After taking responsibility for the controlled substance, Leary was convicted of possession under the Marihuana Tax Act on 11 March 1966, and sentenced to 30 years in jail, given a $30,000 fine and ordered to undergo psychiatric treatment. Soon after, however, he appealed the case, claiming the Marihuana Tax Act was, in fact, unconstitutional, as it required a degree of self-incrimination. Leary claimed this was in stark violation of the Fifth Amendment. On December 26, 1968, Leary was arrested again, this time for the possession of two roaches of marijuana, which Leary claimed were planted by the arresting officer. He was later convicted of this offense. On 19 May 1969, The Supreme Court concurred with Leary. The Marihuana Tax Act was declared unconstitutional, and his 1965 conviction was quashed. The case was known as Leary v. United States. On the day his conviction was overturned, Leary announced his candidacy for Governor of California, running against Ronald Reagan. His campaign slogan was "Come together, join the party." On 1 June 1969, Leary joined John Lennon and Yoko Ono at their Montreal Bed-In and Lennon subsequently wrote Leary a campaign song called "Come Together." Leary being arrested by the DEA in 1972; public domain from http://www. ... Leary being arrested by the DEA in 1972; public domain from http://www. ... The DEAs enforcement activities may take agents anywhere from distant countries to suburban U.S. homes. ... Howard Safir was the New York City Police Commissioner from 1996 to 2000. ... is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the 1966 Gregorian calendar. ... Self-incrimination is the act of accusing oneself of a crime for which a person can then be prosecuted. ... Amendment V (the Fifth Amendment) of the United States Constitution, which is part of the Bill of Rights, is related to legal procedure. ... is the 360th day of the year (361st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... A pile of roaches compared to a new spliff. ... is the 139th day of the year (140th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... The Supreme Court of the United States (sometimes colloquially referred to by the acronym SCOTUS[1]) is the highest judicial body in the United States and leads the federal judiciary. ... Holding The Marijuana Tax Act required self-incrimination, thus violated the Fifth Amendment of Constitution. ... Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (left) and Governor Gray Davis (right) with President George W. Bush in 2003 The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government, whose responsibilities include making yearly State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that... Reagan redirects here. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1969 (number) 1969 (movie) 1969 (Stargate SG-1) episode. ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 – December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... For the song by Die Ärzte, see Yoko Ono (song). ... Nickname: Motto: Concordia Salus (well-being through harmony) Coordinates: , Country Province Region Montréal Founded 1642 Established 1832 Government  - Mayor Gérald Tremblay Area [1][2][3]  - City 365. ... John Lennon and Yoko Onos Bed-In video During the Vietnam War, in 1969, John Lennon and Yoko Ono held two, week-long Bed-Ins for Peace, which were their non-violent ways of protesting wars and promoting peace. ... For other uses, see Come Together (disambiguation). ...

On 21 January 1970, Leary received a ten-year sentence for his 1968 offense. When Leary arrived in prison, he was given psychological tests that were used to assign inmates to appropriate work details. Having designed many of the tests himself (including the "Leary Interpersonal Behavior Test"), Leary answered them in such a way that he seemed to be a very conforming, conventional person with a great interest in forestry and gardening.^[9] As a result, Leary was assigned to work as a gardener in a lower security prison, and in September 1970 he escaped. Leary claimed his non-violent escape was a humorous prank, and left a challenging note for the authorities to find after he was gone. For a fee, paid by The Brotherhood of Eternal Love, the Weathermen smuggled Leary and his wife, Rosemary Woodruff Leary, out of the United States and into Algeria. He sought the patronage of Eldridge Cleaver and the remnants of the separatist USA Black Panther party’s "government in exile." After staying with them for a short time, Leary claimed that Cleaver attempted to hold him and his wife hostage. is the 21st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Brotherhood of Eternal Love operated a drugs distribution network throughout the United States, most notably in California where the organisation received large shipments of hashish from Pakistan and Afghanistan, helped by Welshman Howard Marks (now a cult figure in the world of drugs). ... For other uses, see Weatherman (disambiguation). ... Rosemary Sarah Woodruff Leary (April 26, 1935 – February 7, 2002) was born into a conservative Baptist environment. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ...

In 1971, the couple fled to Switzerland, "where they were sheltered and effectively imprisoned by a large-living arms dealer, Michel Hauchard, who claimed he had an 'obligation as a gentleman to protect philosophers,' but mostly had a film deal in mind."(Luc Sante, New York Times Book Review, June 24, 2006) In 1972, President Richard Nixon's attorney general, John Mitchell, persuaded the Swiss government to imprison Leary, which it did for a month, but the Swiss refused to extradite him back to the U.S. In that same year, Leary and Rosemary separated. After a brief spell with heroin addiction,^{[citation needed]} Leary became involved with French-born socialite Joanna Harcourt-Smith. Leary "married" Harcourt-Smith in a pseudo-occult ceremony^{[citation needed]} at a hotel two weeks after they were first introduced; she would use his surname until their breakup in early 1977. They traveled to Vienna, then Beirut and finally went to Kabul, Afghanistan, in 1973. "Afghanistan had no extradition treaty with the United States, but this stricture did not apply to American airliners," Luc Sante wrote in a review of a biography of Leary. That interpretation of the law was used by U.S. authorities to capture the fugitive. "Before Leary could deplane, he was arrested by an agent of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs."^[8] Nixon redirects here. ... The name John Mitchell can refer to several different people. ... For other uses, see Vienna (disambiguation). ... This article is about the Lebanese city. ... For other places with the same name, see Kabul (disambiguation). ...

At a layover in the United Kingdom, as Leary was being flown back to the United States, he requested political asylum from Her Majesty's Government, but to no avail. He was then held on five million dollars bail ($21.5 mil. in 2006), the highest in U.S. history to that point;^{[citation needed]} President Richard Nixon had earlier labeled him "the most dangerous man in America."^[1] The judge at his remand hearing remarked, "If he is allowed to travel freely, he will speak publicly and spread his ideas."^[10] Facing a total of 95 years in prison, Leary was put into solitary confinement in Folsom Prison, California, where at one point he was in a cell immediately adjacent to Charles Manson.^[11] Power lines leading to a trash dump hover just overhead in El Carpio, a Nicaraguan refugee camp in Costa Rica Under international law, a refugee is a person who is outside his/her country of nationality or habitual residence; has a well-founded fear of persecution because of his/her... Nixon redirects here. ... East gate, Folsom State Prison, California Folsom State Prison (FSP), also known as Folsom State Prison, Represa is one of 33 prison facilities operated by the California Department of Corrections (CDC). ... Charles Milles Manson (b. ...

Leary made somewhat of a pretense of cooperating with the FBI's investigation of the Weathermen and radical attorneys, by giving them information they wanted that he knew they already had or would have very little consequence. In a perceived attempt at character assassination, the FBI through deliberate deception spread disinformation about Leary having become an "informant" under the codename Charlie Thrush, implicating friends and helpers in exchange for a reduced sentence.^{[citation needed]} Leary would later claim, and members of the Weathermen would later support, that no one was ever prosecuted based on any information he gave to the FBI (as noted in an Open Letter from the Friends of Timothy Leary: For other uses, see Weatherman (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Disinformation (disambiguation). ...

Many of his oldest friends, including Ken Kesey, Paul Krassner, Allen Ginsberg, Jerry Rubin and Ram Dass, were openly contemptuous of Harcourt-Smith and felt that, in the words of Krassner, she had "led him by his dick."^{[citation needed]} These sentiments were echoed at a rally against the "new" Leary organized by Kesey at Stanford University.^{[citation needed]} Kenneth Elton Kesey (September 17, 1935 – November 10, 2001) was an American author, best known for his novel, One Flew Over the Cuckoos Nest, and as a counter-cultural figure who, some consider, was a link between the beat generation of the 1950s and the hippies of the 1960s. ... Paul Krassner (April 9, 1932) was the founder, editor and a frequent contributor to the freethought magazine The Realist, first published in 1958. ... Irwin Allen Ginsberg (IPA: ) (June 3, 1926 – April 5, 1997) was an American poet. ... Jerry Rubin (July 14, 1938 – November 28, 1994) was a high-profile American social activist during the 1960s and 1970s. ... Richard Alpert redirects here. ... Stanford redirects here. ...

While imprisoned Leary remained a productive writer, sowing the seeds for his incarnation as a futurist lecturer with the StarSeed Series. In Starseed (1973), neurologic (1973), & Terra II: A Way Out (1974), Leary transitioned from Eastern philosophy and Aleister Crowley to a belief that outer space was a medium for spiritual transcendence as his principal frame of reference. Neurologic also added the idea of "time dilation/contraction" available to the activated brain through the cellular, DNA, or atomic level of reality. Terra II is his first detailed proposal for space colonization. Leary’s muse peaked with Exo – Psychology, Neuropolitics, and The Intelligence Agents. Aleister Crowley, born Edward Alexander Crowley, (12 October 1875 – 1 December 1947, pronounced ) was a British occultist, writer, mountaineer, philosopher, poet, and yogi. ... Artists conception of a space habitat called the Stanford torus, by Don Davis Space colonization (also called space settlement, space humanization, space habitation, etc. ...

Leary's last two decades

Leary was released from prison on April 21, 1976, by Governor Jerry Brown. After briefly relocating to San Diego, Leary established residence in Laurel Canyon and continued to write books and appear as a lecturer and (by his own terminology) "stand up philosopher." In 1978, Leary married filmmaker Barbara Blum, also known as Barbara Chase, sister of actress Tanya Roberts. Leary adopted Blum's son and raised him as his own. Leary and Blum divorced in 1992. is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1976 (MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... For the whistleblower, see Gerald W. Brown. ... Flag Seal Nickname: Americas Finest City Location Location of San Diego within San Diego County Coordinates , Government County San Diego Mayor City Attorney         City Council District One District Two District Three District Four District Five District Six District Seven District Eight Jerry Sanders (R) Michael Aguirre Scott Peters Kevin... Laurel Canyon, Los Angeles, California is a canyon neighborhood, like Topanga Canyon, so its very oriented to the main canyon street, Laurel Canyon Boulevard. ... Tanya Roberts (born Victoria Leigh Blum on October 15, 1955) is an American actress best known for her roles in Charlies Angels, The Beastmaster, Sheena , A View to a Kill and That 70s Show. ...

Leary cultivated a friendship with former foe G. Gordon Liddy, the notorious Watergate burglar and conservative radio talk-show host. They toured the lecture circuit in 1982 as ex-cons (Liddy having been imprisoned after high-level involvement in the Watergate scandal) debating about the soul of America. The tour generated massive publicity and considerable funds for both figures. Along with the personal appearances, a successful documentary called Return Engagement that chronicled the tour and the concurrent release of the^{[citation needed]} autobiography, Flashbacks helped to return Leary to the spotlight. George Gordon Battle Liddy (born November 30, 1930) was the chief operative for U.S. President Richard Nixons White House Plumbers unit. ... Watergate redirects here. ... Cover of the first English edition of 1793 of Benjamin Franklins autobiography. ... Flashbacks is Timothy Learys auto-biography published in 1983. ...

While his stated ambition was eventually to cross over as a mainstream Hollywood personality, reluctant studios and sponsors ensured that that never occurred. Nonetheless, constant touring ensured that he was able to maintain a very comfortable lifestyle by the mid-1980s, while his colorful past made him a desirable guest at A-list parties throughout the decade. He also attracted a more intellectual crowd, which included John Frusciante (Leary appeared in Johnny Depp's and Gibby Haynes' 1994 film Stuff which showed the squalid conditions that Frusciante was living in at the time); Robert Anton Wilson; David Byrne; science fiction wunderkind William Gibson; and Norman Spinrad amongst its ranks. The A-list is the roster of the most bankable movie stars in Hollywood. ... John Anthony Frusciante (IPA pronunciation: ) (born March 5, 1970) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter and record producer. ... John Christopher Depp II[1] (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor, best known for his frequent portrayals of offbeat and eccentric characters such as Jack Sparrow in the Pirates of the Caribbean trilogy and the titular character of Tim Burtons Edward Scissorhands. ... Gibson Jerome Gibby Haynes (born 1957) is an American musician, radio personality, painter and the lead singer of the group Butthole Surfers. ... Stuff is a mini-documentary showing John Frusciantes house made in 1992 by Johnny Depp and the lead singer of The Butthole Surfers, Gibby Haynes. ... Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... David Byrne (born May 14, 1952 in Dumbarton, Scotland) is a Grammy Award, Academy Award and Golden Globe winning musician best known as a founding member and the principal songwriter of the New Wave band Talking Heads. ... Science fiction is a form of speculative fiction principally dealing with the impact of imagined science and technology, or both, upon society and persons as individuals. ... Prodigies are masters of a specific skill or art, a talent which manifests itself at an early age. ... For other persons named William Gibson, see William Gibson (disambiguation). ... Norman Richard Spinrad (born September 15, 1940) is an American science fiction author. ...

While he continued to use drugs frequently on a private basis, rather than evangelizing and proselytizing the use of psychedelics as he had in the 1960s, the latter day Leary emphasized the importance of space colonization and an ensuring extension of the human lifespan while also providing a detailed explanation of the eight-circuit model of consciousness in books such as Info-Psychology, among several others. He adopted the acronym "SMI²LE" as a succinct summary of his pre-transhumanist agenda: SM (Space Migration) + I² (intelligence increase) + LE (Life extension). Transhumanism is an emergent school of speculative philosophy analysing or favouring the use of science and technology, especially neurotechnology, biotechnology, and nanotechnology, to overcome human limitations and improve the human condition. ... Artists conception of a space habitat called the Stanford torus, by Don Davis Space colonization (also called space settlement, space humanization, space habitation, etc. ... Posthuman Future, an illustration by Michael Gibbs for The Chronicle of Higher Educations look at how biotechnology will change the human experience, has become one of the secular icons representing transhumanism. ... Life extension refers to an increase in maximum or average lifespan, especially in humans, by slowing down or reversing the processes of aging. ...

Leary's colonization plan varied greatly throughout the years. Because he believed that he would soon migrate into space, Leary was opposed to the ecology movement. He dismissed many of Earth’s problems and labeled the entire field of ecology “a seductive dinosaur science.” Leary stated that only the “larval,” intellectually and philosophically backward humans, would choose to remain in “the fouled nest.” According to his initial plan to leave the planet, 5,000 of Earth's most virile and intelligent individuals would be launched on a vessel (Starseed 1) equipped with luxurious amenities. This idea was inspired by the plotline of Paul Kantner's concept album Blows Against The Empire, which in turn was derived from Robert A. Heinlein's Lazarus Long series. In the 1980s, he came to embrace NASA scientist Gerard O'Neill's more realistic and egalitarian plans to construct giant Eden-like High Orbital Mini-Earths (documented in the Robert Anton Wilson lecture H.O.M.E.s on LaGrange) using existing technology and raw materials from the Moon, orbital rock and obsolete satellites. Jefferson Airplane was an American rock band from San Francisco, a pioneer of the LSD-influenced psychedelic rock movement. ... In popular music, a concept album is an album which is unified by a theme, which can be instrumental, compositional, narrative, or lyrical (Shuker 2002, p. ... Blows Against the Empire, a concept album by Paul Kantner and others, was the first album released using the name Jefferson Starship. ... Robert Anson Heinlein (July 7, 1907 – May 8, 1988) was one of the most popular, influential, and controversial authors of hard science fiction. ... Spoiler warning: Lazarus Long is a fictional character featured in a number of science fiction novels by Robert A. Heinlein. ... For other uses, see NASA (disambiguation). ... Gerard Kitchen ONeill (1927 - 1992) was a U.S. physicist and space pioneer. ... For other uses, see Garden of Eden (disambiguation). ... Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... This article is about Earths moon. ...

By the mid 1980s, Leary had begun to incorporate computers, the Internet, and virtual reality into his aegis of thought. Leary established one of the earliest sites on the World Wide Web, and was often quoted describing the Internet as "the LSD of the 1990s."^{[citation needed]} He became a promoter of virtual reality systems,^[12] and sometimes demonstrated a prototype of the Mattel Power Glove as part of his lectures (as in From Psychedelics to Cybernetics). Around this time he cultivated friendships with a number of notable people in the field, including Brenda Laurel, a pioneering researcher in virtual environments and human-computer interaction. This article is about the simulation technology. ... Mattel headquarters in El Segundo Mattel Inc. ... The Japanese Nintendo Power Glove, manufactured by PAX The Power Glove (1989) is a controller accessory for the Nintendo Entertainment System designed by the team of Grant Goddard and Sam Davis for Abrams/Gentile Entertainment, made by Mattel in the United States and PAX in Japan. ... Brenda Laurel is a pioneering writer, researcher, designer and entrepeneur in the fields of human-computer interaction, interactive narrative and cultural aspects of technology. ...

In 1989, Leary's eldest daughter, Susan, committed suicide after years of mental instability. After separating from Barbara Leary in 1992, Leary began to associate with a much younger, artistic and tech-savy crowd that included people as diverse as actors Johnny Depp, Susan Sarandon and Dan Aykroyd, and his granddaughters, Dieadra Martino and Sara Brown; grandson, Ashley Martino; stepson, Zach Chase; author Douglas Rushkoff, publisher Bob Guccione, Jr., and goddaughters: actress Winona Ryder and artist/music-photographer Hilary Hulteen. He was frequently spotted at raves with Psychic TV and alternative rock concerts (Ministry), including a memorable mosh pit experience at an early Smashing Pumpkins concert.^{[citation needed]} In spite of his declining health, Leary maintained a regular schedule of public appearances through 1994. John Christopher Depp II[1] (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor, best known for his frequent portrayals of offbeat and eccentric characters such as Jack Sparrow in the Pirates of the Caribbean trilogy and the titular character of Tim Burtons Edward Scissorhands. ... Susan Sarandon (born October 4, 1946) is an Academy Award-winning American actress. ... Daniel Edward Aykroyd CM (born July 1, 1952) is an Academy Award-nominated and Emmy Award-winning Canadian/American comedian, actor, screenwriter, and musician. ... Douglas Rushkoff (born 18 February 1961) is a New York-based writer, columnist and lecturer on technology, media and popular culture. ... Robert Charles Guccione Jr. ... Winona Laura Horowitz[1] (born October 29, 1971), better known under her professional name Winona Ryder, is a two-time Academy Award-nominated and Golden Globe-winning American actress. ... Raves can refer to: Rave party Raves, a commune in the Vosges département, in France This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Alternative music redirects here. ... This article or section should be merged with mosh. ... The Smashing Pumpkins are an American alternative rock band that formed in Chicago in 1988. ...

From 1989 on, Leary had begun to reestablish his connection to non-mainstream religious movements with an interest in altered states of consciousness. In 1989 he appeared with friend and book collaborator Robert Anton Wilson in a dialog entitled The Inner Frontier for the Association for Consciousness Exploration, a Cleveland-based group that had been responsible for his first Cleveland, Ohio appearance in 1979. After that, he appeared at the Starwood Festival, a major Neo-Pagan event run by ACE, in 1992 and 1993^[13] (though his planned 1994 WinterStar Symposium appearance was cancelled due to his declining health). In front of hundreds of Neo-Pagans in 1992, he declared, "I have always considered myself, when I learned what the word meant, I've always considered myself a Pagan." (Quote from CD: Timothy Leary Live at Starwood) He also collaborated with Eric Gullichsen on Load and Run High-tech Paganism: Digital Polytheism [4] Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... Image:Aceassociation. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... Logo from 1999 Starwood is a festival presented by the Association for Consciousness Exploration (ACE), along with many volunteers during a week in the month of July. ... Neopaganism (sometimes Neo-Paganism, meaning New Paganism) is a heterogeneous group of religions which attempt to revive ancient, mainly European pre-Christian religions. ... Pagan may refer to: A believer in Paganism or Neopaganism Bagan, a city in Myanmar also known as Pagan Pagan (album), the 6th album by Celtic metal band Cruachan Pagan Island, of the Northern Mariana Islands Pagan Lorn, a metal band from Luxembourg, Europe (1994-1998) Pagans Mind, is...

Death

etoy agents with mortal remains of Timothy Leary 2007

In early 1995, Leary discovered that he was terminally ill with inoperable prostate cancer. He did not reveal the condition to the press upon diagnosis, but did so after the death of Jerry Garcia in August. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 538 pixelsFull resolution‎ (3,916 × 2,634 pixels, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 538 pixelsFull resolution‎ (3,916 × 2,634 pixels, file size: 3. ... The correct title of this article is . ... HRPC redirects here. ... Jerome John Jerry Garcia (August 1, 1942 – August 9, 1995) was an American musician, songwriter, and artist best known for being the lead guitarist and vocalist of the psychedelic rock band the Grateful Dead. ...

Leary authored an outline for a book called Design for Dying, which attempted to show people a new perspective of death and dying. Leary's de facto "family" — his staff of technophilic Gen Xers — updated his website on a daily basis as a sort of proto-blog, noting his daily intake of various illicit and legal chemical substances, with a predilection for nitrous oxide, cigarettes, his trademark "Leary Biscuits" (a snack cracker with cheese and a small marijuana bud, briefly microwaved), and eventually heroin and morphine. His sterile house was completely redecorated by the staff, who had more or less moved in, with an array of surreal ornamentation. In his final months, thousands of visitors, well wishers and old friends visited him in his California home. Until the final weeks of his illness, Leary gave many interviews discussing his new philosophy of embracing death. For other uses, see Death (disambiguation). ... This page deals with the cessation of life. ... For other uses, see Generation X (disambiguation). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... For other uses, see Nitrous oxide (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Heroin (disambiguation). ... This article is about the drug. ...

Movie poster for Timothy Leary's Dead (a Paul Davids film). Universal Pictures. Designed by Mark Hanau

For a number of years, Leary was reported to have been excited by the possibility of freezing his body in cryonic suspension. He did not believe that he would be resurrected in the future, but he recognized the importance of cryonic possibilities. He called it his "duty as a futurist," and helped publicize the process. Privately he dismissed cryonics as "a joke" and did not seem to regard the process with much seriousness. Leary had relationships with two cryonic organizations, the original ALCOR and then the offshoot CRYOCARE. A cryonic tank was delivered to Leary's house in the months before his death. However, Leary subsequently requested that his body be cremated, which it was, and distributed among his friends and family. Not to be confused with cryogenics. ... Future studies reflects on how today’s changes (or the lack thereof) become tomorrow’s reality. ... This bigfoot Dewar is custom-designed to contain four wholebody patients and six neuropatients immersed in liquid nitrogen at −196 degrees Celsius. ...

Leary's death was videotaped for posterity at his request, capturing his final words. During his final moments, he said, "Why not?" to his son Zachary. He uttered the phrase repeatedly, in different intonations, and died soon after. His last word, according to Zachary Leary, was "beautiful."

Leary's final moments also appear in the documentary, "Timothy Leary's Dead." (1996, IMDB) After remembrances are recorded among family and colleagues, Leary allows his bodily functions to be suspended for the purposes of cryonic preservation. Consistent with his embrace of the idea of donating himself to ongoing experiments in consciousness-- e.g., determining whether his consciousness could transcend his life, or moreover could be re-constituted after his death-- the film documents the experiment: Leary's head is removed and placed on ice.

Seven grams of Leary's ashes were arranged by his friend at Celestis to be buried in space aboard a rocket carrying the remains of 24 other people including Gene Roddenberry (creator of Star Trek), Gerard O'Neill (space physicist), Krafft Ehricke (rocket scientist), and others. A Pegasus rocket containing their remains was launched on April 21, 1997, and remained in orbit for six years until it burnt up in the atmosphere. Jerusalem (Hebrew: Yerushalayim; Arabic: al-Quds; Greek Ιεροσόλυμα; Latin: Hierosolyma) is an ancient Middle Eastern city on the watershed between the Mediterranean Sea and the Dead Sea at an elevation of 650-840 metres (about 2000-2500 feet). ... Taurus Missile launch (time exposure) Space burial is a burial procedure in which a small sample of the cremated ashes of the deceased are placed in a capsule the size of a tube of lipstick and are launched using a rocket. ... Eugene Wesley Gene Roddenberry, (August 19, 1921 – October 24, 1991) was an American screenwriter and producer. ... This article is about the entire Star Trek franchise. ... Gerard Kitchen ONeill (1927 - 1992) was a U.S. physicist and space pioneer. ... Pegasus rocket on the ground Pegasus rocket attached to bottom of carrier aircraft The Pegasus rocket is a winged space booster developed by Orbital Sciences Corporation (Orbital). ... is the 111th day of the year (112th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ...

Influence on others

The Psychedelic Experience was the influence for John Lennon's song "Tomorrow Never Knows" on The Beatles' album Revolver. Leary once recruited John Lennon to write a theme song for his California gubernatorial campaign (which was interrupted by his prison sentence), inspiring Lennon to come up with "Come Together," based on Leary's theme and catchphrase for the campaign. Leary was also present when Lennon and his wife Yoko Ono recorded Give Peace A Chance during one of their bed-ins in Montreal and is mentioned in the lyrics of the song. For the American baseball player use Tim Leary (baseball player) Timothy Francis Leary, Ph. ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 – December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... Tomorrow Never Knows is the final track of The Beatles 1966 studio album Revolver, but it was the first to be recorded for the album. ... The White Album, see The Beatles (album). ... The Beatles U.S. chronology Alternate cover Cover of the original 1966 U.S. LP Back cover Back cover of the original 1966 UK LP. The main photo was edited in separate parts for the booklet of the 1988 Compact Disc release. ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 – December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger (left) and Governor Gray Davis (right) with President George W. Bush in 2003 The Governor of California is the highest executive authority in the state government, whose responsibilities include making yearly State of the State addresses to the California State Legislature, submitting the budget, and ensuring that... For the song by Die Ärzte, see Yoko Ono (song). ... Give Peace a Chance is a song written by John Lennon and originally credited to Lennon-McCartney (John Lennon and Paul McCartney). ... John Lennon and Yoko Onos Bed-In video During the Vietnam War, in 1969, John Lennon and Yoko Ono held two, week-long Bed-Ins for Peace, which were their non-violent ways of protesting wars and promoting peace. ...

Leary was the explicit subject of The Moody Blues song "Legend of a Mind," which memorialized him with the words, "Timothy Leary's dead. No, no, no, no he's outside looking in" (a lyric later incorporated into the Bongwater's cover version of the Moody Blues song "Ride My Seesaw"). At first, Leary detested the line, but later found the sense of humor to adopt "Legend of a Mind" as his theme song when he hit the lecture circuit. The Moody Blues are a British rock band originally from Birmingham, England. ... Bongwater is a 1998 comedy film. ... // In popular music, a cover version, or simply cover, is a new rendition (performance or recording) of a previously recorded song. ...

Leary, John Lennon, Yoko Ono, and others recording "Give Peace A Chance." Photo By Roy Kerwood

A number of other musical groups have admired and been influenced by Leary, including the progressive metal band Tool (who used one of his monologs to start the song Third Eye on their live album Salival), the metal band Nevermore, Marcy Playground, earlier works by Porcupine Tree, and new wave band Devo (Leary even appearing in one of their films). Recently a song has been written about Leary by the alternative rock band Guster in their 2007 release of Satellite EP. Nevermore mentions Leary in their lyrics, and titled one of their albums "The Politics of Ecstasy" (after Leary's book of the same name). Also, on Nevermore's self entitled album there is a song named "Timothy Leary". The Psychedelic Trance band Infected Mushroom uses a soundclip of Leary saying "Turn on, tune in, and drop out" in a song. Leary made a cameo appearance in "Stuff", a short film directed by Johnny Depp and Gibson Haynes about the Red Hot Chili Peppers guitar player John Frusciante. He also appears on "Gila Copter" from the Linger Ficken' Good album by the Revolting Cocks and also appears in the video for "Cracking Up". Leary also appears as the father in the Suicidal Tendencies video "Possessed to Skate". He is also mentioned in the song "The Seeker" by The Who: "I asked Timothy Leary/ But he couldn't help me either." He appears in Blind Melon's video "Galaxie" as a magician. Image File history File links Jlbedin3. ... Image File history File links Jlbedin3. ... Give Peace a Chance is a song written by John Lennon and originally credited to Lennon-McCartney (John Lennon and Paul McCartney). ... Tool is an American rock band that was formed in 1990 in Los Angeles, California. ... 17th century representation of the third eye connection to the higher worlds by alchemist Robert Fludd. ... Salival was a limited edition box set in CD/VHS and CD/DVD formats released in 2000 by alternative metal band Tool. ... For the Queen song of the same name, see Nevermore (song) For the Edgar Allan Poe poem featuring the word, see The Raven Nevermore is an American metal band from Seattle, Washington assembled in 1991 from the ashes of the power metal band Sanctuary. ... For the album, see Marcy Playground (album) Marcy Playground is an American alternative rock or post-grunge band. ... Porcupine Tree is an English progressive rock band formed in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire, England by Steven Wilson. ... Devo (pronounced DEE-vo or dee-VO, often spelled DEVO or DEV-O) is an American New Wave group formed in Akron, Ohio in 1972. ... Guster is an alternative rock band that is known for its live performances, unique sound, humor, and cult following formed by Adam Gardner, Ryan Miller, and Brian Rosenworcelin 1991 while attending Tufts University in Boston. ... Satellite EP is the fifth EP by rock band Guster. ... Infected Mushroom (אינפקטד מאשרום) is an Israeli psychedelic trance duo. ... A cameo role or cameo appearance (often shortened to just cameo) is a brief appearance of a known person in a work of the performing arts, such as plays, films, video games and television. ... Stuff is a mini-documentary showing John Frusciantes house made in 1992 by Johnny Depp and the lead singer of The Butthole Surfers, Gibby Haynes. ... John Christopher Depp II[1] (born June 9, 1963) is an American actor, best known for his frequent portrayals of offbeat and eccentric characters such as Jack Sparrow in the Pirates of the Caribbean trilogy and the titular character of Tim Burtons Edward Scissorhands. ... The Red Hot Chili Peppers are an American alternative rock band formed in Los Angeles, California, in 1983. ... John Anthony Frusciante (IPA pronunciation: ) (born March 5, 1970) is an American guitarist, singer, songwriter and record producer. ... Linger Ficken Good… and Other Barnyard Oddities is the third studio album by The Revolting Cocks. ... Revolting Cocks (often abbreviated Revco) were a musical side-project for Alain Jourgensen (Ministry) and Luc Van Acker. ... Suicidal Tendencies is an American hardcore punk / crossover thrash band formed in 1981 in Venice, California. ... The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964. ... This article is about the band. ... Galaxie is a Canadian digital broadcasting service, which offers 45 commercial-free music channels, each devoted to a particular genre of music, for distribution with digital cable or direct broadcast satellite services. ...

In the movie, The Ruling Class, the character, Jack Gurney (played by Peter O'Toole), who thinks he is Jesus, claims that the voice of "Timothy O'Leary" told him he was God (see film clip here). Leary also appeared in Cheech and Chong's Nice Dreams(1981) as a benevolent psychiatrist administering LSD to mental patients. The Ruling Class is a 1972 film adaptation of Peter Barnes satirical stage play which tells the story of a paranoid schizophrenic British nobleman (played by Peter OToole) who inherits a peerage. ... Peter Seamus OToole (born August 2, 1932, uncertain but presumed correct date[1]) is an eight-time Academy Award-nominated Irish actor. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ...

Timothy Leary's ideas also heavily influenced the work of Robert Anton Wilson. This influence went both ways and Leary admittedly took just as much from Wilson. Wilson's book Prometheus Rising was an in depth, highly detailed and inclusive work documenting Leary’s eight circuit model of consciousness. Although the theory originated in discussions between Leary and a Hindu holy man at Millbrook, Wilson was one of the most ardent proponents of it and introduced the theory to a mainstream audience in 1977's bestselling Cosmic Trigger. In 1989, they appeared together on stage in a dialog entitled The Inner Frontier^[14] in Cleveland, Ohio hosted by the Association for Consciousness Exploration,^[15] (the same group that had hosted Leary's first Cleveland appearance in 1979^[16][17]). Wilson and Leary conversed a great deal on philosophical, political and futurist matters and became close friends who remained in contact through Leary's time in prison and up until his death. Wilson regarded Leary as a brilliant man and often is quoted as saying (paraphrase) "Leary had a great deal of 'hilaritose', the type of cheer and good humour by which it was said you could recognise a deity". Al Jourgensen of Ministry, who produced and performed on the album "Beyond Life With Timothy Leary", also cites Leary as "more of a father to me than my own father was." Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... The 8-Circuit Model of Consciousness is a heuristic model of consciousness proposed by Timothy Leary. ... Cleveland redirects here. ... Image:Aceassociation. ... Al Jourgensen (born October 9, 1958 in Havana, Cuba), is an American musician best known as the founder and frontman of the industrial metal band Ministry. ... Ministry is an influential, Grammy-nominated American industrial metal band founded by frontman Al Jourgensen in 1981. ...

Leary's apparent endorsement of care-free LSD usage is also reflected upon in a more negative light in the concluding chapter of Hunter S. Thompson's Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. In addition, Owsley Stanley, one of the pioneers of the era, would later write of him, Hunter Stockton Thompson (18 July 1937 – 20 February 2005) was an American journalist and author, famous for his novel Fear and Loathing in Las Vegas. ... The hard cover version of the book. ... This article is about the LSD chemist and Grateful Dead soundman. ...

"Leary was a fool. Drunk with 'celebrity-hood' and his own ego, he became a media clown-and was arguably the single most damaging actor involved in the destruction of the evanescent social movement of the '60's. Tim, with his very public exhortations to the kids to 'tune in, turn on and drop out,' is the inspiration for all the current draconian US drug laws against psychedelics. He would not listen to any of us when we asked him to please cool it, he loved the lime-light and relished his notoriety... I was not a fan of his." ^[5]

Author and Merry Prankster Ken Kesey remained a supporter and admirer of Leary throughout his career,

"Leary can get a part of my mind that's kind of rusted shut grinding again, just by being around him and talking."

World religion scholar Huston Smith was turned on by Leary after the two were introduced to one another by Aldous Huxley in the early 1960s. The experience was interpreted as deeply religious by Smith, and is captured in detailed religious terms in Smith's later work Cleansing of the Doors of Perception. This was Smith's one and only entheogenic experience, at the end of which he asked Leary, to paraphase, if Leary knew the power and danger of that with which he was conducting research. In Mother Jones Magazine, 1997, Smith commented: Huston Cummings Smith (born May 31, 1919) is among the preeminent religious studies scholars in the United States. ... Aldous Leonard Huxley (26 July 1894 – 22 November 1963) was an English writer and one of the most prominent members of the famous Huxley family. ...

"First, I have to say that during the three years I was involved with that Harvard study, LSD was not only legal but respectable. Before Tim went on his unfortunate careening course, it was a legitimate research project. Though I did find evidence that, when recounted, the experiences of the Harvard group and those of mystics were impossible to tell apart—descriptively indistinguishable—that's not the last word. There is still a question about the truth of the disclosure." ^[6] Begun by Dr. Timothy Leary and Dr. Richard Alpert, the Harvard Psilocybin Project was a series of loose experiments in psychology conducted by Leary and Alpert. ...

Creative works

Writings

• The Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality. Leary, Timothy. 1957.
• The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on the Tibetan Book of the Dead. Leary, Timothy and Metzner, Ralph; Alpert, Richard. 1964. (See also: Bardo Thodol, actual name of text often referred to as "Tibetan Book of the Dead") (ISBN 0-8065-1652-6)
• Psychedelic Prayers & Other Meditations. Leary, Timothy. 1966. (ISBN 0-914171-84-4)
• Start Your Own Religion. Leary, Timothy. 1967. (ISBN 1-57951-073-6)
• The Politics of Ecstasy. Leary, Timothy. 1968. (ISBN 0-914171-33-X)
• High Priest. Leary, Timothy. 1968. (ISBN 0-914171-80-1)
• Confessions of a Hope Fiend. Leary, Timothy. 1973.
• Mystery, magic & miracle: Religion in a post-Aquarian age, (A Spectrum book). Heenan, Edward F. and Jack Fritscher, Timothy Leary. 1973. Prentice-Hall. (ISBN 0-13-609032-X)
• What Does WoMan Want?: Adventures Along the Schwartzchild Radius. Leary, Timothy. 1976. Describes techniques of "Hedonic Engineering" (Leary's name for tantric sex).
• The Periodic Table of Evolution. Leary, Timothy. 1977
• Exo-Psychology: A Manual on The Use of the Nervous System According to the Instructions of the Manufacturers. Leary, Timothy. 1977. Starseed/Peace Press.
• Changing My Mind Among Others. Leary, Timothy. 1982. Prentice Hall Trade. (ISBN 0-13-127829-0)
• Flashbacks. Leary, Timothy. 1983. Tarcher. (ISBN 0-87477-177-3)
• Flashbacks. Leary, Timothy. 1983. (ISBN 0-87477-497-7)
• What Does Woman Want. Leary, Timothy. 1987. New Falcon Publications. (ISBN 0-941404-62-5)
• Info-Psychology. Leary, Timothy. 1987. (ISBN 1-56184-105-6)
• Info-Psychology: A Revision of Exo-Psychology. Leary, Timothy. 1988. Falcon Pr. (ISBN 0-941404-60-9)
• Change Your Brain. Leary, Timothy. 1988. (ISBN 1-57951-017-5)
• Your Brain is God. Leary, Timothy. 1988. (ISBN 1-57951-052-3)
• Game of Life. Leary, Timothy. 1989. New Falcon Publications. (ISBN 0-941404-64-1). (Original Edition Published in 1977)
• Uncommon Quotes: Timothy Leary. Leary, Timothy. Audio tape. 1990. Pub Group West. (ISBN 0-929856-01-5)
• Chaos and Cyber Culture. Leary, Timothy and Michael Horowitz, Vicki Marshall. 1994. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 0-914171-77-1)
• HR GIGER ARh+. Giger, H. R. (foreword). 1994. Benedikt Taschen Verlag. (ISBN 3-8228-9642-X)
• Surfing the Conscious Nets: A Graphic Novel. Leary, Timothy and Robert Williams. 1995. Last Gasp. (ISBN 0-86719-410-3)
• The Lost Beatles Interviews Leary, Timothy (Afterword) and Geoffrey Giuliano, Brenda Giuliano. 1996. Plume. (ISBN 0-452-27025-1)
• Intelligence Agents. Leary, Timothy. 1996. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-56184-038-6)
• Concrete & Buckshot: William S. Burroughs Paintings. Leary, Timothy and Benjamin Weissman. 1996. Smart Art Press. (ISBN 1-889195-01-4)
• Design for Dying. Leary, Timothy, with Sirius, R. U. 1997. HarperCollins Publishers Inc. ISBN 0-06-018700-X (cloth); ISBN 0-06-092866-2 (pbk.); ISBN 0-06-018250-4 (intl).
• El Trip de La Muerte. Leary, Timothy. 1998. Editorial Kairos. SPANISH. (ISBN 84-7245-408-8)
• The Delicious Grace of Moving One's Hand: The Collected Sex Writings Leary, Timothy. 1999. Thunder's Mouth Press. (ISBN 1-56025-181-6)
• Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out. Leary, Timothy. 1999. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-57951-009-4)
• Politics of Self-Determination (Self-Mastery Series). Leary, Timothy. 2001. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-57951-015-9)
• The Politics of Psychopharmacology. Leary, Timothy. 2001. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-57951-056-6)
• Musings on Human Metamorphoses. Leary, Timothy. 2002. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-57951-058-2)
• Evolutionary Agents. Leary, Timothy and Beverly A. Potter. 2004. Ronin Publishing. (ISBN 1-57951-064-7)
• Interpersonal Diagnosis of Personality: A Functional Theory and Methodology for Personality Evaluation. Leary, Timothy. 2004. Resource Publications. (ISBN 1-59244-776-7) (Original Edition Published in 1957)

Dr. Ralph Metzner Ph. ... Ram Dass at the Hanuman Temple in Taos, New Mexico, September 2004 Dr. Richard Alpert (born 1933), later known as Baba Ram Dass, was a professor of psychology at Harvard University who became well known for his controversial research program which studied the effects of LSD. Alpert worked closely with... The Bardo Thodol, Liberation through Hearing in the Intermediate State, sometimes incorrectly called the Tibetan Book of the Dead, is a funerary text that describes the experiences of the consciousness after death during the interval known as bardo between death and rebirth. ... High Priest was written by Timothy Leary and published in 1968. ... Tantra (Sanskrit: loom), tantric yoga or tantrism is any of several esoteric traditions rooted in Hindu and Buddhist philosophy. ... Flashbacks is Timothy Learys auto-biography published in 1983. ... Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (Original Movie Soundtrack) Turn on, tune in, drop out is a counterculture phrase coined by Timothy Leary in the 1960s. ...

Partial discography

Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (Original Movie Soundtrack)

• L.S.D. (1966)
• Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (The Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) (1967)
• You Can Be Anyone This Time Around (1970)
• Flashbacks (1983)
• The Inner Frontier with Robert Anton Wilson (1989)
• From Psychedelics to Cybernetics (1989)
• Origins of Dance (1990)
• How to Operate Your Brain (1992)
• Right to Fly (1996)
• Beyond Life With Timothy Leary (1996)
• Timothy Leary Live at Starwood (2001) recorded in 1992 ACE ISBN 1-59157-002-6
• Timothy Leary: A Cheerleader for Change (2001) ACE/Llewellyn Collection - Recorded in 1985 ACE ISBN 1-59157-004-2
• The Psychedelic Experience: A Manual Based on Tibetan Book of the Dead (with Richard Alpert & Ralph Metzner) (2003)

Also Appears On: Image File history File links This image is of a music album or single cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher of the album or the artist(s) which produced the music in question. ... Image File history File links This image is of a music album or single cover, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either the publisher of the album or the artist(s) which produced the music in question. ... Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out is an album by Dr. Timothy Leary. All selections written by Maryvonne Giercarz/Lars Eric/Richard Bond Guide: Timothy Leary, Ph. ... Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out is an album by Dr. Timothy Leary. All selections written by Maryvonne Giercarz/Lars Eric/Richard Bond Guide: Timothy Leary, Ph. ... Image:Aceassociation. ... Image:Aceassociation. ...

• Seven Up - Ash Ra Tempel (1972)
• Tune In (Turn On The Acid House) - (1988) Psychic TV, 12" EP, Temple Records (UK)- Samples Timothy Leary
• Trance-Techno Express: From Detroit to Berlin & Back - Various (1993)
• Ancient Lights and the Blackcore - with Scorn, Seefeel, Yanomami Shamans from the Amazon, and DJ Cheb I. Sabbah (1995)
• Krautrock - Various [Polygram] (1997)
• Sub Rosa Underwood, Vol. 3: A Sampler - Various (1998)
• Intermenstral - Various (2001)

Ash Ra Tempel were one of the more notable German Krautrock groups of the 70s and 80s. ... Tune In (Turn On The Acid House) is a single by Psychic TV. The title references Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out, a phrase by Timothy Leary. ...

Multimedia performances

• In 1966, he recorded an album, Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (Original release: Mercury 21131 (mono) /61131 (stereo), US 1967), which was ostensibly a "user manual" for a self-guided LSD "trip". While the album did poorly in general release, it has become one of the rarest "memorabilia" and prized of possessions of many Leary collections. One track, "All The Girls Are Yours" has been performed repeatedly by others, and was even re-recorded in 2004.
• During late 1966 and early 1967, Leary toured college campuses presenting a multi-media performance called "The Death of the Mind," which attempted to artistically replicate the LSD experience.
• In 1973 he recorded the album Seven Up with the German band Ash Ra Tempel.
• He was also mentioned in the musical Hair in the two songs "Manchester, England" and "The Flesh Failures".
• In 1981, he had a cameo in Cheech and Chong's film Nice Dreams, wherein he played a doctor who had "the key" to Cheech's escape from a mental hospital. Rather than giving him the key to his straitjacket, however, he gives him a dose of LSD.
• In 1984, The Wooster Group created a controversy when it juxtaposed Leary and his work with excerpts from Arthur Miller's play The Crucible in their ensemble performance piece L.S.D. (... Just the High Points...)
• Also in 1984, Leary appeared as Dr. Byrthfood in the Devo home video release We're All Devo
• In 1985, Dr. Leary and Joseph Rothenberg presented the 8-Circuit Model of Consciouness at the Computer Symposium in Seattle, Washington. Also in attendance at the symposium were Bill Gates(Microsoft) and Frank Herbert(Dune).
• On three occasions a multi-media maze based on Timothy Leary's eight circuit model of consciousness designed by Association for Consciousness Exploration co-director Joseph Rothenberg was presented at the WinterStar Symposium, and it was presented for 30 days at the Starwood Center in Cleveland, OH. Robert Anton Wilson, Halim El-Dabh, and Muruga Booker have all been participants in presentations of the 8-Circuit Maze.^[18]
• In 1989 he had a cameo appearance as television evangelist Dr. Timothy Leary in Wes Craven's horror movie Shocker.
• In 1990 he recorded the album The Origins of Dance with The Grid.
• He is sampled several times on the 1993 Porcupine Tree album Voyage 34, which is an instrumental interpretation of an LSD trip.
• In 1993 he was credited with the opening track "The Incredible Lightness Of Being Molecular" on Fifty Years of Sunshine, a CD that celebrated the invention of LSD. Recorded in Los Angeles by Genesis P-Orridge and Doug Rushkoff on March 14, 1993. Written by Dr. Timothy Leary for the special publication Lysergic Times, edited by Michael Horowitz to commemorate 50 years of LSD, and launched on April 16, 1993 in San Francisco, USA.
• He appeared as guest vocalist on "Gila Copter", the opening track of the Revolting Cocks' 1993 album Linger Ficken' Good... and Other Barnyard Oddities.
• In Joel Hershman's 1993 cult classic Hold Me, Thrill Me, Kiss Me, Leary played white-suited Mr. Jones, who sells fake passports to fugitives out of an office that consists of a big white coupe parked in a deserted drive-in movie lot. He reassures the protagonist that none of his clients have ever been caught, except for the one who disobeyed his orders, got high on LSD, and went to Switzerland.

Cheech Marin and Tommy Chong were a comedy duo who found a wide audience in the 1970s and 1980s for their stand-up routines, which were based upon the eras hippie, free love and especially drug culture movements. ... Nice Dreams was Cheech and Chongs third feature-length film, released in 1981 by Paramount. ... “Richard Marin” redirects here. ... This is an article about a garment of clothing. ... The Wooster Group is an ensemble of artists who collaborate on the development and production of theatre and media pieces. ... Arthur Bob Miller (October 17, 1915 – February 10, 2005) was an American playwright and essayist. ... In Devos music videos, early concerts, and short films, the band created a pastiche and parody of the real world via the idea of Spudland. Many characters and concepts reappeared between videos. ... Devo (pronounced DEE-vo or dee-VO, often spelled DEVO or DEV-O) is an American New Wave group formed in Akron, Ohio in 1972. ... Were All Devo! is the second home video release by new wave band Devo. ... The 8-Circuit Model of Consciousness is a heuristic model of consciousness proposed by Timothy Leary. ... Image:Aceassociation. ... Robert Anton Wilson Robert Anton Wilson or RAW (January 18, 1932 – January 11, 2007) was a prolific American novelist, essayist, philosopher, psychologist, futurologist, anarchist, and conspiracy theory researcher. ... Halim El-Dabh (b. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Shocker (aka, and Wes Cravens Shocker,) is a 1989 horror film written and directed by Wes Craven. ... Neil Megson redirects here. ... Douglas Rushkoff (born 18 February 1961) is a New York-based writer, columnist and lecturer on technology, media and popular culture. ... is the 73rd day of the year (74th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... Revolting Cocks (often abbreviated Revco) were a musical side-project for Alain Jourgensen (Ministry) and Luc Van Acker. ... Linger Ficken Good… and Other Barnyard Oddities is the third studio album by The Revolting Cocks. ...

Timothy Leary in pop culture

Music

• A song entitled "Timothy Leary" appears on Satellite EP, released in 2007 by Guster.
• He is mentioned in The Magnetic Fields' song "Technical (You're So)": "You dance like a Hindu deity/Best friends with Timothy Leary"
• He sings in the chorus of John Lennon's "Give Peace a Chance".
• He is mentioned in The Who's song "The Seeker": "I asked Bobby Dylan, I asked The Beatles/I asked Timothy Leary, but he couldn't help me either"
• He is the subject of "Legend of a Mind" by the Moody Blues^[19]
• His speech appears on a song called "Left Handshake" by Skinny Puppy. cEvin Key tried to obtain the permission to put his speech on that track, but he didn't because of copyright terms. Also, the same speech was used for a Nine Inch Nails track called "Fist Fuck" on the remix EP Fixed.
• The phrase "turn on, tune in, drop out" appears on the Gil Scott Heron song "The Revolution Will Not Be Televised".
• A song called "Timothy Leary" appears on the 1995 album Nevermore by the band Nevermore, lamenting his persecution by authorities. The following album was also entitled The Politics of Ecstasy the title of a book written by Timothy Leary in 1968.
• A South African hardcore/punk band is named "timothylearyisinnocent" after him. However the name is more of a joke than an actual testament to Timothy Leary.^{[citation needed]}
• He is mentioned in the fact track on the DVD release of Blow

• A track titled "Left Handshake" was excluded from the album Last Rights by industrial band Skinny Puppy, leaving a blank track 10 on some copies of the album (There was about 2 seconds of empty space on track number 10). Clearance for a lengthy vocal sample from Timothy Leary's Turn On, Tune In, Drop Out (1967) was approved by Leary, but denied by the copyright holder. The song, in which a crazed Ogre responds to Leary's instructions for avoiding a "bad trip", was eventually released on the initial European edition of Brap (1996) and on a limited edition single called "Track 10" sold at the Skinny Puppy reunion concert in Dresden (2000). When Last Rights was released, the song listing simply skipped the number ten, listing song eleven after nine. Another page of the CD insert had the mysterious (at the time) message... "Song 10 is missing ?"
• The progressive rock band Tool used a sample of the following short excerpt of a speech by Leary for the intro to their song "Third Eye", as heard live on the Salival EP:

"Think for yourself. Question authority. Throughout human history, as our species has faced the frightening, terrorizing fact that we do not know who we are, or where we're going in this ocean of chaos, it has been the authorities: the political, the religious, the educational authorities, who have attempted to comfort us by giving us order, rules, regulations. Informing, forming in our minds their view of reality. To think for yourself you must question authority and learn how to put yourself in a state of vulnerable open-mindedness-- chaotic, confused vulnerability to inform yourself. Think for yourself. Question authority." The Magnetic Fields is a band led by the New York City singer-songwriter Stephin Merritt. ... John Winston Ono Lennon, MBE (October 9, 1940 – December 8, 1980), (born John Winston Lennon, known as John Ono Lennon) was an iconic English 20th century rock and roll songwriter and singer, best known as the founding member of The Beatles. ... Give Peace a Chance is a song written by John Lennon and originally credited to Lennon-McCartney (John Lennon and Paul McCartney). ... The Who are an English rock band that formed in 1964. ... The Seeker is a song written by Pete Townshend and performed by English rock band The Who, and featured on their 1971 compilation album Meaty Beaty Big and Bouncy. ... The Moody Blues were originally a British rhythm and blues-based band; they later became best known for psychedelic music and early progressive rock. ... Skinny Puppy is a prominent industrial band, formed in Vancouver, BC, Canada in 1982. ... NIN redirects here. ... Fixed (also known as Halo 6) is an EP by Nine Inch Nails released in 1992. ... Gil Scott-Heron - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... For other uses, see The Revolution Will Not Be Televised (disambiguation). ... Nevermore was singer Warrel Dane and bassist Jim Sheppards first release after the break with their previous band - Sanctuary - in 1994. ... For the Queen song of the same name, see Nevermore (song) For the Edgar Allan Poe poem featuring the word, see The Raven Nevermore is an American metal band from Seattle, Washington assembled in 1991 from the ashes of the power metal band Sanctuary. ... Nevermores Sophmore Album is named after Timothy Learys book of the same name. ... Blow is a 2001 drama film about the American cocaine smuggler George Jung, directed by Ted Demme (who later died of a cocaine related heart attack[1]). David McKenna and Nick Cassavetes adapted Bruce Porters 1993 book Blow: How a Small Town Boy Made $100 Million with the Medellin... Skinny Puppy is a prominent industrial band, formed in Vancouver, BC, Canada in 1982. ... Tool is an American rock band that was formed in 1990 in Los Angeles, California. ... In 1996, American band Tool released Aenima, their second full length studio album. ... Salival was a limited edition box set in CD/VHS and CD/DVD formats released in 2000 by alternative metal band Tool. ...

• He is mentioned in the track Ain't going to Goa which describes him as "selling acid for the FBI" on Exile on Coldharbour Lane, the debut album by Alabama 3.
• In the 1979 film adaptation of the Broadway musical Hair (film), Leary is mentioned in the final song, "The Flesh Failures/Let the Sunshine In": "Life is around you and in you/ Answer for Timothy Leary, dearie."
• He is mentioned in "Let The Sunshine In" from the musical "Hair"

Exile on Coldharbour Lane is the debut album by Alabama 3. ... Alabama 3 is a British acid house, blues, country and gospel music band founded in Brixton, London, in 1989. ... Hair is a 1979 film based on the 1968 Broadway musical of the same name about a Vietnam war draftee who meets and befriends a tribe of long-haired hippies on his way to the army induction center. ...

Games

• Equal parts party game, roleplaying game and social simulation, Timothy Leary's Mind Mirror was released for Commodore 64, Atari XL, Apple II, and MS-DOS computers by Electronic Arts in 1985. The game was a digital reinterpreting of Leary's doctoral thesis. He later stated that he had plans to release an updated version of the program with advanced graphics (including Apple Macintosh and Amiga versions), but that never occurred.
• "Turn on, tune in, drop out" is frequently used in Destroy All Humans 2, which takes place in the 60's.
• "Turn on tune in drown out" is used in a title for a song by Cristian Vogel.
• "Turn on, tune in, drop out" is the name of one of the missions in Grand Theft Auto Vice City Stories.

C-64 redirects here. ... An Atari 800XL, one of the most popular machines in the series. ... The 1977 Apple II, complete with integrated keyboard, color graphics, sound, a plastic case and eight expansion slots. ... Microsofts disk operating system, MS-DOS, was Microsofts implementation of DOS, which was the first popular operating system for the IBM PC, and until recently, was widely used on the PC compatible platform. ... Electronic Arts (EA) (NASDAQ: ERTS) is an American developer, marketer, publisher, and distributor of computer and video games. ... The first Macintosh computer, introduced in 1984, upgraded to a 512K Fat Mac. The Macintosh or Mac, is a line of personal computers designed, developed, manufactured, and marketed by Apple Computer. ... This article is about the family of home computers. ... Destroy All Humans! 2, known as Destroy All Humans! 2: Make War Not Love in Europe is a video game and sequel to Destroy All Humans!. It was released on October 18, 2006 in North America. ...

TV appearances

• He appeared on William F. Buckley’s TV show Firing Line in 1966.
• He appeared as a Harvard professor named Dr. Milo in the episode Stagecoach of the TV show The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. with Bruce Campbell.
• He appeared on the third episode of Space Ghost Coast to Coast titled Elevator, in 1994.
• Has a cameo at the end of the 1995 music video "Galaxie" by the rock group Blind Melon.
• He appeared as himself in a 1992 episode of the sitcom "Blossom" entitled The Making of the President.

William F. Buckley may refer to: William Francis Buckley, U.S. Army officer and CIA operative William F. Buckley, Jr. ... A television program is the content of television broadcasting. ... Firing Line (1966-1999) was a public affairs show founded and hosted by conservative William F. Buckley, Jr. ... The Adventures of Brisco County, Jr. ... For the former baseball player of the same name, see Bruce Campbell (baseball). ... Space Ghost Coast to Coast (SGC2C) is an animated spoof talk show. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... This article is about the band. ... Blossom is a half-hour comedy television series broadcast from 1991 to 1995 on NBC, Mondays at 8:30pm. ...

Filmography

• A full list of appearances (both as himself and in acting roles), direction, and other participation in film media by Leary can be found at: [7]
• Leary makes a cameo appearance in 1992's "Roadside Prophets", where he educates Adam Horwitz's (Beastie Boys) character on existentialism.
• Leary makes a brief cameo in Cheech and Chong's Nice Dreams as a doctor in an asylum. He gives Cheech Marin a dose of LSD, telling him that it's the "Key to the Universe".
• In Across the Universe, Leary is referenced when the gang goes to visit a "Doctor Geary", which is only one letter off

Existentialism is a philosophical movement that posits that individuals create the meaning and essence of their lives, as opposed to deities or authorities creating it for them. ... “Richard Marin” redirects here. ... Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ... Across The Universe is a 2007 Academy Award-nominated musical film produced by Revolution Studios and distributed by Columbia Pictures. ...

See also

• Freedom of thought
• Cognitive liberty
• Psychedelics
• LSD

Freedom of thought (also called freedom of conscience and freedom of ideas) is the freedom of an individual to hold or consider a fact, viewpoint, or thought, regardless of anyone elses view. ... Cognitive liberty is the freedom to be the absolute sovereign of one’s own consciousness. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Lysergic acid diethylamide, commonly called LSD, LSD-25, or acid. ...

References

Weil, Andrew T. "The Strange Case of the Harvard Drug Scandal" Look, 27 November 5, 1963. The Plain Dealer is the major daily newspaper of Cleveland, Ohio. ... Image:Aceassociation. ...

External links

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Timothy Leary

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• Exo-Psychology Revisited — Leary’s Eight-Circuit model of developmental psychology assigns extraterrestrial status to the final four (psychedelic) "circuits."
• TimothyLeary.us - biography, archives, links and more
• A page devoted to Timothy Leary & LSD with video of Reverend Lakko recalling Timothy Leary's guidance during the Marsh Chapel Experiment, an interaction with Marshall McLuhan, and other Leary links
• I Have America Surrounded - the Life of Timothy Leary - website for a Timothy Leary biography.
• An interpretation of Timothy Leary -- Reviews Timothy Leary: A Biography, discusses Leary and Aleister Crowley. J. L. Flatley
• Timothy Leary - Rotten Library article.
• Timothy Leary Video and Audio
• "How to Operate Your Brain" Leary's guided meditation with video and music
• IncreasingIntelligence.com - Timothy Leary resources
• TFYQA.com - Think For Yourself; Question Authority: Timothy Leary ideals
• DMOZ.org - Open Directory links
• High Blotter Mark - Zero Sum Mind article.
• 8-Circuit Model of Timothy Leary and Robert Anton Wilson
• Timothy Leary's Mind Mirror at MobyGames
• Timothy Leary is Among America's Unsung Heroes Luciferian journalist, James Donahue, tells the story of Timothy Leary.
• Ovum on Timothy Leary Visit to Leary's Castalia by late 60's Poughkeepsie underground mag, and two encounters with Leary described
• Dr. Timothy Leary, PhD at Deoxy.org
• Timothy Leary at the Internet Movie Database
• NeuroLogic by Joanna and Timothy Leary (EBOOK)
• Timothy Leary's Ultimate Trip -- Leary Interviewed by Bruce Eisner
• Listen online: Think For Yourself
• Dr. Timothy Leary, photographs, River City Reunion, 1987, Lawrence, KS
• "The Psychedelic Review Archives 1963-1971". 
• TIMOTHY LEARY, APPELLANT, v. UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, APPELLEE - Drug Library
• Hofmann's Potion Documentary about the Early Years of LSD featuring Albert Hofmann & Timothy Leary