Tinglish (also Thenglish or Thailish) is the imperfect form of English produced by native Thai speakers due to language interference from the first language. Differences from native English include incorrect pronunciation, wrong word choices, misspellings, and grammatical mistakes. Language interference (also known as linguistic interference, cross-linguistic interference or transfer) is the effect of a language learner’s first language on their production of the language they are learning. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ...

Some common examples (direct translation) are:

• same same (similar, as usual) and same same but different (seems similar but different in some ways);
• open/close the light (means "To turn on/off the light");
• I love you too much;
• I have ever been to London;
• I'm interesting in football (means "I am interested in watching/playing football");
• wash the film (means "develop the film");
• I very like it (means "I really like it");
• I'm sad when my mother angries me meaning is angry with me;
• I used to go to Phuket or I go to Phuket already meaning I have been to Phuket before or I went to Phuket;
• take a bath referring to taking a shower;
• "Do you know how to eat this?" means "Have you eaten this before?";
• omission of pronouns and of the verb be;
• non-use or incorrect use of articles, declension and conjugation.
• addition of Thai final particles, e.g. I don't know na

An article is a word that is put next to a noun to indicate the type of reference being made to the noun. ... In linguistics, declension is a feature of inflected languages: generally, the alteration of a noun to indicate its grammatical role. ... In linguistics, conjugation is the creation of derived forms of a verb from its principal parts by inflection (regular alteration according to rules of grammar). ... In linguistics, the term particle is often employed as a useful catch-all lacking a strict definition. ...

Particles

The words of Thai prefix particles and their implied meanings:

• khun (literraly mister, miss, or mrs.) or k. = mister or miss (e.g. Khun Somchai will have a meeting on Friday.)

Following is the list of Thai final particles and their implied meanings:

• la = to give suggestion (e.g. Why don't you ask her la?), to inform the listener of something (e.g. I'm going to bed la.), or to ask if the subject would do something that the subject of the previous sentence does (e.g. I'm going to have dinner now, how about you la?)
• na = to give suggestion (e.g. You must do your homework first na.), to inform the listener of something (e.g. I'll be right back na.), or to express opinion about something that the speaker think should have been done but have not yet been done (e.g. Why don't you ask her na?)
• ja = to add informality to the conversation (e.g. Hello ja.)
• krab (or, alternatively, krub) (for male speaker only) = add at end of sentence to make the conversation polite/formal; also as confirmation (Yes!) (e.g. Hello krab.)
• kha (or ka) (for female speaker only) = same as krab (e.g. Hello kha.)

Particles can also be combined, as follows:

• la na, e.g. I have to go la na.
• na ja, e.g. Don't go too far na ja.
• la ja, e.g. Where have you been la ja?
• na krab/kha, e.g. Please excuse me na krab/kha.

Some less common particles:

• munk/mung = to guess/estimate something (e.g. The shop already closed munk. / He's 25 years old munk.)
• leoy = totally or immediately (e.g. I don't understand leoy la. / See you there leoy na)
• laew = already or done (e.g. I have to go laew la.)
• wa = to give suggestion (it's likely to be used with someone who's close to you, such as your close friend) (e.g. I don't know at all wa, why don't you come with me wa?)

Pronunciation

As some sounds in English just simply don't exist in Thai language, this affects the way native Thai speakers pronounce English words: Pronunciation refers to: the way a word or a language is usually spoken; the manner in which someone utters a word. ...

• shifts the stress to the last syllable of the word
• omits consonant clusters
• an initial r becomes an l
• final consonants are often omitted or converted according to the rules of Thai pronunciation: l and r become n, while s becomes t
• "sh" and "ch" sounds are hardly distinguishable, e.g. ship/chip, sheep/cheap, wish/witch
• "v" sound is almost always replaced by "w" sound, e.g. vow -> wow, ville -> will
• "g" and "z" sounds are usually devoiced, e.g. dog -> dock, zoo -> sue
• "th" sound is often replaced by "t" or "d" sound, e.g. thin -> tin, through -> true, then -> den
• ambiguity between the short "e", as in "bled", and a long "a", as in "blade"

See also

• Non-native pronunciations of English
• List of dialects of the English language