| Congo Free State - Encyclopedia, History, Geography and Biography (3225 words) |
 | Cecil Rhodes, then Prime Minister of the British Cape Colony (part of modern South Africa) was expanding from the south and threatening to occupy the southern Congo area in defiance of the Berlin Treaty and with the tacit connivance of London. |
| The slaving gangs of Zanzibar trader Tippu Tip had established a strong presence in the north and east of the country and the area to the east of it (modern Uganda), and had effectively established an independent state. |
| Tippu Tip's muskets were no match for Léopold's artillery and machine guns, however, and by early 1894 the war was over. |
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