TiN coated drill

Dark gray TiCN coating on a Gerber pocketknife

Titanium nitride (TiN) is an extremely hard (~85 Rockwell C Hardness or ~2500 Vickers Hardness)¹, ceramic material, often used as a coating on titanium alloy, steel, carbide, and aluminum components to improve the substrate's surface properties. Download high resolution version (471x1164, 315 KB)Titanium nitride coated drill, 70mmm, Photographed by Peter Robert Binter, 25. ... Download high resolution version (471x1164, 315 KB)Titanium nitride coated drill, 70mmm, Photographed by Peter Robert Binter, 25. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (269x1133, 23 KB) Summary Gerber Paraframe I, titanium nitride finish, fine edge. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (269x1133, 23 KB) Summary Gerber Paraframe I, titanium nitride finish, fine edge. ... A Gerber Paraframe I lockback knife, with fine edge and and dark gray titanium nitride coating. ... General Name, Symbol, Number titanium, Ti, 22 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 4, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 47. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 14. ... The Rockwell scale characterises the indentation hardness of materials through the depth of penetration of an indenter, loaded on a material sample and compared to the penetration in some reference material. ... The Vickers hardness test was developed in the early 1920s and uses a pyramid-shaped indenter made of diamond. ... Fixed Partial Denture, or Bridge The word ceramic is derived from the Greek word κεραμικος (keramikos, having to do with pottery). The term covers inorganic non-metallic materials whose formation is due to the action of heat. ... Titanium alloys are metallic materials which contain a mixture of titanium and other chemical elements. ... The old steel cable of a colliery winding tower Steel is a metal alloy whose major component is iron, with carbon being the primary alloying material. ... Carbide In chemistry, Carbide confusingly refers to three different things: 1. ... Aluminum is a soft and lightweight metal with a dull silvery appearance, due to a thin layer of oxidation that forms quickly when it is exposed to air. ...

TiN has excellent infrared (IR) reflectivity properties, reflecting in a spectrum similar to elemental gold (Au). Depending on the substrate material and surface finish, TiN will have a coefficient of friction ranging from 0.4 to 0.9 versus itself (non-lubricated). Typical formation is a face-centered cubic crystalline structure with a roughly 1:1 stoichiometry. TiN will oxidize at 600 °C (~1100 °F) at normal atmosphere, and has a melting point of 2930 °C. Image of a small dog taken in mid-infrared (thermal) light (false color) Infrared (IR) radiation is electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength longer than that of visible light, but shorter than that of radio waves. ... General Name, Symbol, Number gold, Au, 79 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 11, 6, d Appearance metallic yellow Atomic mass 196. ... The resistance to lateral motion when one attempts to slide the surface of one object over another surface is called friction or traction. ... In crystallography, the cubic crystal system is the most symmetric of the 7 crystal systems. ... In mineralogy and crystallography, a crystal structure is a unique arrangement of atoms in a crystal. ... In chemistry, stoichiometry (sometimes called reaction stoichiometry distinguishing itself from composition stoichiometry) is the study and calculation of quantitative (measurable) relationships of the reactants and products in chemical reactions (chemical equations). ...

Uses

Far and away the most common use for TiN coating is for edge retention and corrosion resistance on machine tooling, such as drill bits and milling cutters, often improving their lifetime by a factor of three or more. Drill bits are cutting tools used to create cylindrical holes. ... Milling cutters are cutting tools used in milling machines or machining centres. ...

Because of TiN's metallic gold color, it is used to coat costume jewelry and automotive trim for decorative purposes. TiN is also widely used as a top-layer coating, usually with nickel (Ni) or chromium (Cr) plated substrates, on consumer plumbing fixtures and door hardware. TiN is non-toxic, meets FDA guidelines and has seen use in medical devices and bio-implants, as well as aerospace and military applications. Costume jewelry is jewelry that is made of less valuable materials, including base metals, glass, plastic, and synthetic stones, in place of more valuable materials such as precious metals and gems. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nickel, Ni, 28 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 10, 4, d Appearance lustrous, metallic Atomic mass 58. ... General Name, Symbol, Number chromium, Cr, 24 Chemical series transition metals Group, Period, Block 6, 4, d Appearance silvery metallic Atomic mass 51. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... // European Definition COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 93/42/EEC of 14 June 1993 concerning medical devices defines a ‘medical device’ as: any instrument, apparatus, appliance, material or other article, whether used alone or in combination, including the software necessary for its proper application intended by the manufacturer to be used for human... A Bio-implant may be defined as Artificial organic material that can be surgically implanted into a persons body to replace damaged tissue [1]. The common areas of application include orthopedic (especially maxillofacial) reconstructive Prosthesis, cardiac prostheses (artificial Heart_valves like Chitra heart valve), Skin and Cornea. ... Look up aerospace in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Such coatings have also been used in implanted prostheses (especially hip replacement implants). Such films are usually applied by either reactive growth (for example, annealing a piece of titanium in nitrogen) or physical vapor deposition (PVD), with a depth of about 3 micrometers. Its high Young's modulus (600 GPa gigapascals)² relative to titanium alloys (100 GPa) means that thick coatings tend to flake away, making them much less durable than thin ones. A United States soldier demonstrates Foosball with two prosthetic limbs In medicine, a prosthesis is an artificial extension that replaces a missing part of the body. ... For additional information on hip replacement in animals, specifically dogs, please see Hip replacement (animal) In this X-ray, the patient’s right hip (on the left in the photograph) has been replaced, with the “ball” of this ball-and-socket joint replaced by a metal head that is set... Annealing, in metallurgy and materials science, is a heat treatment wherein the microstructure of a material is altered, causing changes in its properties such as strength and hardness. ... General Name, Symbol, Number nitrogen, N, 7 Chemical series nonmetals Group, Period, Block 15, 2, p Appearance colorless Atomic mass 14. ... Physical vapor deposition (PVD) is a technique used to deposit thin films of various materials onto various surfaces (e. ... A micrometre (American spelling: micrometer), symbol µm, is an SI unit of length. ... In solid mechanics, Youngs modulus (also known as the modulus of elasticity, elastic modulus or tensile modulus) is a measure of the stiffness of a given material. ... The gigapascal, symbol GPa is an SI unit of pressure. ...

As a coating it is also used to protect the sliding surfaces of suspension forks of bicycles and motorcycles. The front suspension components of a Ford Model T. Suspension is the term given to the system of springs, shock absorbers and linkages that connects a vehicle to its wheels. ... This racing bicycle is built using lightweight, shaped aluminium tubing and carbon fiber stays and forks. ... A 125 cc motorcycle, the Italian-manufactured Cagiva Planet. ...

Though less visible, thin films of TiN are also used in the semiconductor industry. In copper-based chips, such films find use as a conductive barrier between a silicon device and the metal contacts used to operate it. While the film blocks diffusion of metal into the silicon, it is conductive enough (30–70 μΩ·cm) to allow a good electrical connection. In this context, TiN is classified as a "barrier metal", even though it is clearly a ceramic from the perspective of chemistry or mechanical behavior. Thin films are material layers of about 1 µm thickness. ... Nasas Glenn Research Center clean room. ... Copper-based chips are semiconductor integrated circuits, usually microprocessors, which use copper for interconnections. ... Electrical conductivity is a measure of a materials ability to conduct an electric current. ... General Name, Symbol, Number silicon, Si, 14 Chemical series metalloids Group, Period, Block 14, 3, p Appearance dark gray, bluish tinge Atomic mass 28. ... Schematic drawing of the effects of diffusion through a semipermeable membrane. ... Ohm may refer to: The scientist Georg Ohm. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... A barrier metal is a material used in integrated circuits to chemically isolate semiconductors from soft metal interconnects, while maintaining an electrical connection between them. ... Chemistry (derived from alchemy) is the science of matter at or near the atomic scale. ...

The most common methods of TiN thin film creation are PVD and chemical vapor deposition (CVD). In both methods, pure titanium is sublimated and reacted with nitrogen in a high-energy, vacuum environment. DC plasma (violet) enhances the growth of carbon nanotubes in this laboratory-scale PECVD apparatus. ... Sublimation of an element or substance is a conversion between the solid and the gaseous phases of matter, with no intermediate liquid stage. ... Look up Vacuum in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Bulk ceramic objects can be fabricated by packing powdered metallic titanium into the desired shape, compressing it to the proper density, then igniting it in an atmosphere of pure nitrogen. The heat released by the chemical reaction between the metal and gas is sufficient to sinter the nitride reaction product into a hard, finished item. See powder metallurgy. This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Powder metallurgy is a forming and fabrication technique consisting of three major processing stages. ...

There are several commercially-used variants of TiN that have been developed in the past decade, such titanium carbon nitride (TiCN) and titanium aluminum nitride (TiAlN), which may be used individually or in alternating layers with TiN. These coatings offer similar or superior enhancements in corrosion resistance and hardness, and additional colors ranging from light gray to nearly black, to a dark iridescent bluish-purple depending on the exact process of application. These coatings are becoming common on sporting goods, particularly knives and handguns, where they are used for both cosmetic and functional reasons. Traditional Finnish puukko knife A knife is a sharp-edged hand tool used for cutting. ... A handgun is a firearm small enough to be carried and used in one hand. ...

References

• ¹BryCoat Titanium Nitride.
• ²MatWeb.

External links

For a full list of external links, MSDSs, and suppliers of chemical compounds, see Wikipedia:Chemical sources. This page meets Wikipedias criteria for speedy deletion. ...