Thomas James (Tom) Clarke Irish: Tomás Ó Cléirigh
11 March 1857 – 3 May 1916
Place of birth	Isle of Wight, Great Britain
Place of death	Kilmainham Jail, Dublin City, Ireland
Allegiance	Irish Republican Brotherhood Irish Volunteers<
Years of service	1875 – 1916
Rank	Commander
Battles/wars	Easter Rising

Thomas James (Tom) Clarke (Irish name: Tomás Ó Cléirigh; 11 March 1857 – 3 May 1916) was an Irish revolutionary leader and arguably the person most responsible for the 1916 Easter Rising. is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... The Isle of Wight is an English island and county, off the southern English coast, to the south of the county of Hampshire, between the Solent and the English Channel. ... Victorian Wing Kilmainham Gaol, also known as Kilmainham Jail, is a former prison located in Kilmainham, Dublin, Ireland. ... This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ... The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB; Bráithreachas na Poblachta in Irish) was a secret fraternal organisation dedicated to fomenting armed revolt against the British state in Ireland in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. ... Irish Volunteers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 1875 (MDCCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Commander is a military rank which is also sometimes used as a military title depending on the individual customs of a given military service. ... Combatants Irish Volunteers, Irish Citizen Army, Irish Republican Brotherhood British Army Royal Irish Constabulary Commanders Patrick Pearse, James Connolly Brigadier-General Lowe General Sir John Maxwell Strength 1250 in Dublin, c. ... A formal Irish-language name consists of a given name and a surname, as in English. ... is the 70th day of the year (71st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1857 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). ... is the 123rd day of the year (124th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1916 (MCMXVI) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Combatants Irish Volunteers, Irish Citizen Army, Irish Republican Brotherhood British Army Royal Irish Constabulary Commanders Patrick Pearse, James Connolly Brigadier-General Lowe General Sir John Maxwell Strength 1250 in Dublin, c. ...

Born on the Isle of Wight, his father, James Clarke, was a sergeant in the British army. The family soon moved to Dungannon, County Tyrone, Ireland. At the age of 18 he joined the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) and in 1883 he was sent to London to blow up London Bridge as part of the dynamiting campaign advocated by Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa, one of the IRB leaders exiled in the United States. Clarke was quickly captured and subsequently served 15 years in Pentonville Prison. Following his release in 1898 he married Kathleen Daly (21 years his junior), whose uncle, John, he had met in prison. Together they emigrated to America, where Clarke worked for the Clan na Gael under John Devoy. In 1907 he returned to Ireland where he opened a tobacco shop in Dublin and immersed himself in the IRB which was undergoing a substantial rejuvenation under the guidance of younger men such as Bulmer Hobson and Denis McCullough. Clarke had a very close kinship with Hobson, who along with Sean MacDermott, became his protegé. The Isle of Wight is an English island and county, off the southern English coast, to the south of the county of Hampshire, between the Solent and the English Channel. ... The British Army is the land armed forces branch of the British Armed Forces. ... WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: 54. ... Statistics Province: Ulster County Town: Omagh Area: 3,155 km² Population (est. ... The Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB; Bráithreachas na Poblachta in Irish) was a secret fraternal organisation dedicated to fomenting armed revolt against the British state in Ireland in the nineteenth century and early twentieth century. ... For other uses, see London Bridge (disambiguation). ... Jeremiah ODonovan Rossa. ... HMP Pentonville Pentonville Prison in 1842 HM Prison Pentonville is a prison built in 1842 in North London. ... Kathleen Clarke (11 April 1878–29 September 1972) was an Irish Sinn Féin and later Fianna Fáil politician who served for as a TD for the Dublin Mid constituency and was the first female Lord Mayor of Dublin. ... With Irish immigration to the United States of America in the 18th_century there arose Irish ethnic organizations. ... John Devoy (1842-1928) was an Irish rebel leader and exile. ... Dublin city centre at night WGS-84 (GPS) Coordinates: , Statistics Province: Leinster County: Dáil Éireann: Dublin Central, Dublin North Central, Dublin North East, Dublin North West, Dublin South Central, Dublin South East European Parliament: Dublin Dialling Code: +353 1 Postal District(s): D1-24, D6W Area: 114. ... Bulmer Hobson (1882 - 1969) was a leading member of the Irish Volunteers and the Irish Republican Brotherhood (IRB) before the Easter Rising in 1916. ... Denis McCullough (1883 - 1968) was a prominent Irish rebel in the early 20th century. ... Sean MacDermott (February 28, 1883 – May 12, 1916) was one of the leaders of the Easter Rising of 1916 in Ireland. ...

The Irish Volunteers

When the Irish Volunteers were formed in 1913, Clarke took a keen interest, but took no part in the organization, knowing that as a felon and well-known Irish nationalist he would lend discredit to the Volunteers. Nevertheless, with MacDermott, Hobson, and other IRB members such as Eamonn Ceannt taking important roles in the Volunteers, it was clear that the IRB would have substantial, if not total, control, (particularly after the co-option of Patrick Pearse, already a leading member of the Volunteers, into the IRB at the end of 1913). This proved largely to be the case, until John Redmond, the leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party, demanded equal control of the Volunteers. Though most of the hard-liners stood against this, Redmond's decree was accepted, partially due to the support given by Hobson. Clarke never forgave him for what he considered a treasonous act. Irish Volunteers - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... Nationalism is an ideology that creates and sustains a nation as a concept of a common identity for groups of humans. ... Eamonn Ceannt (September 21, 1881 - May 8, 1916) was an Irish nationalist and rebel. ... Patrick Henry Pearse (also known as Pádraig Pearse; Irish: ; 10 November 1879 – 3 May 1916) was a teacher, barrister, poet, writer, nationalist and political activist who was one of the leaders of the Easter Rising in 1916. ... John Redmond, MP John Edward Redmond (September 1, 1856 – March 6, 1918) was the leader of the Irish Parliamentary Party from 1900 to 1918. ... The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP) (commonly called the Irish Party) was formed in 1882 by Charles Stewart Parnell, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the...

Planning the uprising

1916 commemorative plague in the grounds of the Rotunda Hospital Parnell Street Dublin

Following Clarke's falling out with Hobson, MacDermott and Clarke became almost inseparable. The two of them, as secretary and treasurer, respectively, de facto ran the IRB, although it was still under the nominal head of other men, James Deakin, and later McCullough. In 1915 Clarke and MacDermott established the Military Committee of the IRB to plan what later became the Easter Rising. The members were Pearse, Ceannt, and Joseph Plunkett, with Clarke and MacDermott adding themselves shortly thereafter. When the old Fenian, Jeremiah O'Donovan Rossa, died in 1915, Clarke used his funeral (and Pearse's graveside oration) to mobilise the Volunteers and heighten expectation of imminent action. When an agreement was reached with James Connolly and the Irish Citizen Army in January, 1916, Connolly was also included on the committee, with Thomas MacDonagh added at the last minute in April. These seven men were the signatories of the Proclamation of the Republic, with Clarke as the first signatory. It has been said that Clarke indeed would have been the declared President and Commander-in-chief, but he refused any military rank and such honours, which were given to Pearse, who was more well-known and respected on a national level. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 1. ... Joseph Mary Plunkett (November 21, 1887 - May 4, 1916) was an Irish nationalist, poet, and leader of the Easter Rising in 1916. ... Jeremiah ODonovan Rossa. ... Ireland unfree shall never be at peace were the climactic closing words of the graveside oration of Patrick Pearse at the funeral of Jeremiah ODonovan Rossa on 1 August 1915. ... For the Olympic athlete, see James Connolly (athlete) James Connolly James Connolly (June 5, 1868 - May 12, 1916) was an Irish nationalist and socialist leader. ... The Irish Citizen Army`s Starry Plough banner. ... Thomas MacDonagh (1 February 1878 – 3 May 1916) was an Irish nationalist, poet, playwright, and a leader of the 1916 Easter Rising. ... The Proclamation of the Republic, also known as the 1916 Proclamation or Easter Proclamation, was a document issued by the Irish Volunteers and Irish Citizen Army during the Easter Rising in Ireland, which began on 24 April 1916. ...

The Easter Rising

Tom Clarke 1916 commemorative plague at the junction of Parnell Street and O’Connell Street, Dublin

Clarke was stationed in the headquarters at the General Post Office at Dublin during the events of Easter Week, where rebel forces were largely composed of Irish Citizen Army members under the command of Connolly. Following the surrender on April 29, Clarke was held in Kilmainham Jail until his execution by firing squad on May 3rd at the age of 59. He was the second person to be executed, following Patrick Pearse. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2592 × 1944 pixel, file size: 2. ... General Post Office in 2006. ... This article is about the city in Ireland. ... The Irish Citizen Army`s Starry Plough banner. ... James Connolly (Irish: ; June 5, 1868 – May 12, 1916) was an Irish socialist leader. ... Victorian Wing Kilmainham Gaol, also known as Kilmainham Jail, is a former prison located in Kilmainham, Dublin, Ireland. ... The Third of May by Francisco Goya Execution by firing squad is a method of capital punishment, particularly common in times of war. ...

His widow Kathleen was elected a TD in the First and Second Dála, notably speaking against the Anglo-Irish Treaty. Kathleen Clarke (11 April 1878–29 September 1972) was an Irish Sinn Féin and later Fianna Fáil politician who served for as a TD for the Dublin Mid constituency and was the first female Lord Mayor of Dublin. ... Type Lower house of Oireachtas Ceann Comhairle John ODonoghue, Fianna Fáil since 14 June 2007 Members 166 Political groups Fianna Fáil Fine Gael Labour Party Green Party Independents Sinn Féin Progressive Democrats Last elections 24 May 2007 Meeting place Leinster House Web site www. ... Signature page of the Anglo-Irish Treaty The Anglo-Irish Treaty, officially called the Articles of Agreement for a Treaty Between Great Britain and Ireland, was a treaty between the Government of the United Kingdom and representatives of the extra-judicial Irish Republic that concluded the Irish War of Independence. ...

References

• Caulfield, Max (1965). The Easter Rebellion. London: New English Library, 380p. 
• Clarke, Kathleen (1991). in Helen Litton (ed.): Revolutionary woman: Kathleen Clarke 1878-1972, an autobiography [My fight for Ireland's freedom]. Dublin: O'Brien Press, 240p. ISBN 0-86278-245-7. 
• Kee, Robert (2000). The green flag: a history of Irish nationalism. London: Penguin, 877p. ISBN 0-14-029165-2. 
• Lyons, F.S.L. (1973). Ireland since the famine, 2nd rev. ed., London: Fontana, 880p. ISBN 0-00-633200-5. 
• (1967) in F.X. Martin (ed.): Leaders and men of the Easter Rising: Dublin, 1916. London: Methuen, xii, 276p. 
• Townshend, Charles (2005). Easter 1916: the Irish rebellion. London: Allen Lane, xxi, 442p. ISBN 0-7139-9690-0.