Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s

Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer from 1940 to 1958. MGM later had more Tom & Jerry cartoons produced by outside studios in the 1960s (Gene Deitch's Rembrandt Films from 1961 to 1962, and Chuck Jones' Sib Tower 12 Productions from 1963 to 1967). Tom and Jerry later resurfaced in TV cartoons produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions (1975-1977; 1990-1993) and Filmation Studios (1980 - 1982). The original Hanna and Barbera shorts are notable for having won seven Academy Awards, tying it with Walt Disney's Silly Symphonies as the most-awarded theatrical cartoon series. Tom and Jerry title card from the 1940s This work is copyrighted. ... Animation is the technique in which each frame of a film or movie is produced individually, whether generated as a computer graphic, or by photographing a drawn image, or by repeatedly making small changes to a model unit (see claymation and stop motion), and then photographing the result with a... Screenwriting refers to the art and craft of writing screenplays. ... The film director, on the right, gives last minute direction to the cast and crew, whilst filming a costume drama on location in London. ... William Denby Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Joseph Roland Barbera (born March 24, 1911) was an animator, cartoon artist, storyboard artist, director, producer and co-founder, together with William Hanna of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... For alternate meanings of MGM, see MGM (disambiguation). ... 1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... MGM logo Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer or MGM, is a large media company, involved primarily in the production and distribution of cinema and television programs. ... The 1960s, or The Sixties, in its most obvious sense refers to the decade between 1960 and 1969, but the expression has taken on a wider meaning over the past twenty years. ... Gene Deitch (born August 8, 1924 in Chicago, Illinois, USA) is an American Academy-Award winning illustrator, animator and film director, based out of Prague. ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... 1963 was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1967 was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... 1977 was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1977 calendar). ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... The first Filmation logo. ... 1980 is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... 1982 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... This class was known as Short Subjects, cartoons from 1932 until 1970, and as Short Subjects, animated films from 1971 to 1973. ... Walt Disney Walter Elias Walt Disney (December 5, 1901 – December 15, 1966), was an American film producer, director, screenwriter, voice actor, and animator. ... Silly Symphonies is a series of cartoons made by Walt Disney Productions. ...

Plot and format

The plots of each short usually center on Tom's frustrated attempts to catch Jerry, and the mayhem and destruction that ensues. Because they seem to get along in some cartoon shorts (at least in the first minute or so), it is unclear why they chase each other so much, but some reasons given may include:

• normal feline hunger
• duty (often it is Tom's job, as a house cat, to catch mice and failure would equal eviction)
• the simple enjoyment of tormenting him
• revenge
• a misunderstanding (especially in shorts that start with them ambivalent or friendly to each other)
• a conflict when both of them want the same thing (usually food)
• a need to have Jerry out of the way

However, Tom never succeeds in defeating Jerry, mainly because of Jerry's own craftiness and cunning, but sometimes because of Tom's own stupidity. The shorts are famous for using some of the most destructive and violent gags ever devised for theatrical animation: Jerry slicing Tom in half, Tom using everything from axes, pistols, rifles, dynamite, and poison to try and murder Jerry, Jerry stuffing Tom's tail in a waffle iron, and so on.

Neither Tom nor Jerry usually speak in the cartoons. There are brief exceptions, but their vocals are generally restricted to screams of pain (almost entirely from Tom), or nervous gulps. Facial expressions and gestures easily convey the characters' feelings and intentions. Tom occasionally displays a surprising singing ability, usually to attract a lady friend. This is excusable as it generally copies a famous crooner, and is perhaps a reference of cats yowling during the night. Cartoon physics is a joking reference to the fact that animation allows regular laws of physics to be ignored in humorous ways. ...

Music plays a very important part in the shorts, emphasising the action and lending appropriate emotion to the scenes. Musical director Scott Bradley created complex scores that combined elements of jazz, classical, and pop music; Bradley often reprised actual contemporary pop songs, as well as songs from MGM films such as The Wizard of Oz and Meet Me In St. Louis. Wikibooks Wikiversity has more about this subject: School of Music Look up Music in Wiktionary, the free dictionary Wikisource, as part of the 1911 Encyclopedia Wikiproject, has original text related to this article: Music Wikicities has a wiki about Music: Music MusicNovatory: the science of music encyclopedia Science of Music... Scott Bradley was a composer, pianist and conductor. ... The Wizard of Oz is a 1939 musical fantasy film produced by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. ... Meet Me in St. ...

Before 1953, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in the standard Academy ratio and format; from 1953 to 1956 some of the output was dually produced in both Academy format and the widescreen CinemaScope process. From 1956 until the close of the MGM animation studio a year later, all Tom and Jerry cartoons were produced in CinemaScope; some even had their soundtracks recorded in stereo. The 1960s Gene Deitch and Chuck Jones shorts were all produced in Academy format, but with compositions that made them compatible to be matted to Academy widescreen format as well. All of the Hanna and Barbera cartoons were produced in three-strip Technicolor; the 1960s entries were done in Metrocolor. 1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A 32inch CRT widescreen television A widescreen image is a film image with a greater aspect ratio than the ordinary 35 millimeter frame. ... Eat me! Cinemascope, or more strictly CinemaScope, was a widescreen movie format used from 1953 to 1967. ... 1956 was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Eat me! Cinemascope, or more strictly CinemaScope, was a widescreen movie format used from 1953 to 1967. ... In popular usage, stereo generally to dual-channel sound recording and sound reproduction – sound that contains data for more than one speaker simultaneously. ... Gene Deitch (born August 8, 1924 in Chicago, Illinois, USA) is an American Academy-Award winning illustrator, animator and film director, based out of Prague. ... Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... Technicolor is the trademark for a series of color film processes pioneered by the Technicolor Corporation, a company founded by Dr. Herbert Kalmus in 1915. ...

Characters

Tom and Jerry

Tom is a grey house cat who lives a pampered life, whilst Jerry is a small brown mouse who always lives in close proximity to him. Tom is very quick-tempered and thin-skinned, whilst Jerry is independent and opportunistic. Though very energetic and determined, Tom is no match for Jerry's brains and wits. By the iris-out of each cartoon, Jerry is usually left in a triumphant situation and Tom in a bad one. However, many other results have been reached: on rare occasions, Tom triumphs. Sometimes, usually ironically, they both lose. Once in a while, particularly at Christmas, Tom may actually save Jerry's life, or at least share gifts with him. Trinomial name Felis silvestris catus (Linnaeus, 1758) This article is about the domestic cat. ... Feral mouse A mouse is a mammal that belongs to one of numerous species of small rodents in the genus Mus and various related genera of the family Muridæ (Old World Mice). ...

Both characters display sadistic tendencies, in that they are equally likely to take pleasure in tormenting each other. However, unlike Jerry, Tom has an enormously powerful conscience, and often panics if he thinks that Jerry is seriously injured, dying or dead. Jerry sometimes uses this to his advantage. Flogging demonstration at Folsom Street Fair 2004. ...

Although many supporting and minor characters speak, Tom and Jerry rarely do so. Tom, most famously, sings while wooing female cats; for example, he lip-syncs Louis Jordan's "Is You Is Or Is You Ain't My Baby" in the 1946 short Solid Serenade. His most noted spoken line occurs in three different shorts where Tom clearly says in an eerie, echoing voice "don't you believe it". Co-director William Hanna provides most of the squeaks, gasps, and other vocal effects for the pair, including the most famous sound effect from the series, Tom's leather-lunged scream (created by recording Hanna's scream and chopping the head and tail off of the recording, leaving only the strongest part of the scream on the soundtrack). Louis Jordan (July 8, 1908 - February 4, 1975) was an African-American jazz and rhythm & blues musician who, unlike many of his black peers, was highly popular with mainstream audiences in the post-swing era. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Solid Serenade is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on August 31, 1946 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... William Denby Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ...

Other characters

In his attempts to catch Jerry, Tom often has to deal with the intrusions of characters such as Butch, a scruffy black alley cat who also wants to catch and eat Jerry; Spike (sometimes billed as "Killer"), a vicious guard bulldog; and "Mammy-Two-Shoes", Tom's African American owner (voiced by Lillian Randolph), who usually wallops the cat with a broom when he misbehaves. Country of origin United Kingdom Classification Breed standards (external links) FCI, AKC, ANKC KC(UK), NZKC, UKC The English Bulldog, often called simply the Bulldog, is a medium-sized dog breed that originated in the United Kingdom. ... African Americans, also known as Afro-Americans or black Americans, are an ethnic group in the United States of America whose ancestors, usually in predominant part, were indigenous to Sub-Saharan and West Africa. ... Lillian Randolph (December 14, 1898 - September 12, 1980) was an African American actress and singer, a veteran of radio, film, and television. ...

In the late 1940s, Jerry adopted a little grey mouse foundling named Nibbles (also known as "Tuffy"). During the 1950s, Spike is shown to have a son of his own named Tyke, an addition that lead to both a slight softening of Spike's character and a short-lived spin-off theatrical series (Spike and Tyke). // Events and trends The 1940s were dominated by World War II, the most destructive armed conflict in history. ... // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the height of the baby-boom from returning... Spike and Tyke was a short-lived theatrical animated short subject series, based upon the bulldog father-and-son team from Metro-Goldwyn-Mayers Tom and Jerry cartoons. ...

History and evolution

The Hanna-Barbera years

William Hanna and Joseph Barbera were both part of the Rudolf Ising unit at MGM's animation studio in late 1930s. Barbera, a storyman and character designer, was paired with Hanna, an experienced director, to start directing films for the Ising unit; the first of which was a cat-and-mouse cartoon called Puss Gets the Boot (completed in late 1939, and released to theatres on February 20, 1940), Puss Gets The Boot centers around Jasper, a grey tabby cat trying to catch Jinx, a cute little mouse, but without breaking anything; Jasper's owner Mammy has threatened to throw Jasper out ("O-U-W-T, out!") if he breaks one more thing in the house. Naturally, Jinx uses this to his advantage, and begins tossing wine glasses, ceramic plates, tea pots, and any and everything fragile, so that Jasper will get thrown outside. Puss Gets The Boot was previewed and released without fanfare, and Hanna and Barbera went on to direct other (non-cat-and-mouse related) shorts; after all, said many of the MGM staffers, haven't there been enough cat-and-mouse cartoons already? William Denby Hanna (July 14, 1910 in Melrose, New Mexico – March 22, 2001) was an animator, director, producer, cartoon artist, and co-founder, together with Joseph Barbera, of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Joseph Roland Barbera (born March 24, 1911) was an animator, cartoon artist, storyboard artist, director, producer and co-founder, together with William Hanna of Hanna-Barbera (now known as Cartoon Network Studios). ... Hugh Harman (1908–1982) and Rudolf Rudy Ising (1903–1992) were animators best known for founding the Warner Bros. ... // Events and trends The 1930s were spent struggling for a solution to the global depression. ... Puss Gets the Boot is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on February 10, 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1939 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... February 20 is the 51st day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The pessimistic attitude towards Jasper and Jinx changed when the cartoon became a favorite with theatre owners and with the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, which nominated the film for the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons of 1941. Another competitor for the award was Tex Avery's Merrie Melodies cartoon A Wild Hare, which featured the first appearance of the mature form of Bugs Bunny. Both nominees lost to another MGM cartoon, Rudolph Ising's The Milky Way. Founded on May 11, 1927 in California, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS) is a professional honorary organization dedicated to the advancement of the arts and sciences of motion pictures. ... This class was known as Short Subjects, cartoons from 1932 until 1970, and as Short Subjects, animated films from 1971 to 1973. ... Frederick Bean Tex Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an animator, cartoonist, and director, famous for producing animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. ... Merrie Melodies end title Merrie Melodies is the name of a series of animated cartoons distributed by Warner Bros. ... A Wild Hare is an animated short film directed by Tex Avery and released in 1940. ... Bugs Bunny on a United States stamp Bugs Bunny is a fictional street-smart gray rabbit appearing in the Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies series of cartoons, and is one of the most recognizable characters, real or imaginary, in the world. ... The Milky Way is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres in 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ...

However producer Fred Quimby, who ran the MGM animation studio, quickly pulled Hanna and Barbera off of the other one-shot cartoons they were working on, and commissioned a series featuring the cat and mouse. Hanna and Barbera held an intra-studio contest to give the pair a new name; animator John Carr won with his suggestion of "Tom and Jerry." The Tom and Jerry series went into production with The Midnight Snack in 1941, and Hanna and Barbera never helmed anything but the cat-and-mouse cartoons for the rest of their tenure at MGM. Frederick C. Quimby (November 14, 1883 - September 16, 1965) was the producer of the MGM animated cartoon division, which most included the Tom and Jerry team of William Hanna and Joseph Barbera. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ...

Tom & Jerry in the 1946 Academy Award winning cartoon The Cat Concerto

Tom's physical appearance evolved significantly over the years. During the early 1940s, Tom had an excess of detail--shaggy fur, numerous facial wrinkles, and multiple eyebrow markings--all of which were streamlined into a more workable form by the end of the 1940s; Jerry stayed essentially the same for the duration of the series. By the mid-1940s, the series had developed a quicker, more energetic (and violent) tone, thanks to inspiration from the work of MGM Animation colleague Tex Avery, who joined the studio in 1942. Tom & Jerry in the 1946 Academy Award winner The Cat Concerto This work is copyrighted. ... Tom & Jerry in the 1946 Academy Award winner The Cat Concerto This work is copyrighted. ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Tom & Jerry in The Cat Concerto Another screenshot The Cat Concerto is a Tom and Jerry cartoon, released in 1946 by MGM studios. ... // Events and trends The 1940s were dominated by World War II, the most destructive armed conflict in history. ... Frederick Bean Tex Avery (February 26, 1908 – August 26, 1980) was an animator, cartoonist, and director, famous for producing animated cartoons during the Golden Age of Hollywood. ... This article is about the year. ...

Even though the basic theme of each short is virtually the same, Hanna and Barbera found endless variations on that theme. Barbera's storyboards and rough layouts and designs, combined with Hanna's timing, resulted in the most popular, successful, and highly acclaimed series the MGM animation department ever had. 13 entries in the Tom and Jerry series (excluding Puss Gets The Boot) were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons; seven of them went on to win the Academy Award, breaking the Disney studio's winning streak in that category. Tom and Jerry won more Academy Awards than any other character-based theatrical animated series. This class was known as Short Subjects, cartoons from 1932 until 1970, and as Short Subjects, animated films from 1971 to 1973. ... Jaime Batkin in the best singer in the world. ...

Tom and Jerry remained popular throughout their original theatrical run, even when the budgets began to tighten a little in the 1950s and the pace of the shorts slowed slightly. However, after television became popular in the 1950s, box office revenues decreased for theatrical films, and short subjects. At first, MGM combated this by going to all-CinemaScope production on the series; but after the MGM accountants realized that their re-releases of the older shorts brought in just as much revenue as the new films, the studio executives decided, much to the surprise of the staff, to close the animation studio. The MGM animation department was shut down in 1957, and the final of the 115 Hanna and Barbera Tom and Jerry shorts, Tot Watchers, was released on August 1, 1958. Hanna and Barbera started their own television animation studio, Hanna-Barbera Productions, in 1957, which went on to produce such popular shows as The Flintstones, The Jetsons, and Scooby-Doo. // Events and trends The 1950s in Western society was marked with a sharp rise in the economy for the first time in almost 30 years and return to the 1920s-type consumer society built on credit and boom-times, as well as the height of the baby-boom from returning... Eat me! Cinemascope, or more strictly CinemaScope, was a widescreen movie format used from 1953 to 1967. ... August 1st is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... 1958 was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... 1957 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Flintstones, a Hanna-Barbera animated series, is one of the most successful animated television series of all time, originally running in American prime time for six seasons, from 1960 to 1966, on the ABC network. ... The Jetsons was an animated prime-time television series produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions from 1962 to 1963. ... Scooby-doo is also British naval divers slang for civilian sport scuba diver. Scooby-Doo is an important character in animation up to this day Scooby-Doo is a long-running animated series produced for television by Hanna-Barbera Productions from 1969 to 1986, 1988 to 1991, and from 2002...

The Gene Deitch era

In 1960, MGM decided that they wanted to produce new Tom and Jerry shorts again, and had producer William Snyder make an arrangement with Czech animation director Gene Deitch and Deitch's studio, Rembrandt Films, to make the films overseas in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Since the Deitch/Snyder team only saw a handful of the original Tom and Jerry shorts, the films that resulted from the arrangement were considered unusual and, in many ways, bizarre. The Deitch/Snyder team turned out 13 shorts, all released in 1961 and 1962, which are generally considered as being the worst of the theatrical shorts. 1960 was a leap year starting on Friday (link will take you to calendar). ... Gene Deitch (born August 8, 1924 in Chicago, Illinois, USA) is an American Academy-Award winning illustrator, animator and film director, based out of Prague. ... Prague (Czech: Praha, see also other names) is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. ... 1961 was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1962 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...

The Chuck Jones era

After the last of the Deitch cartoons were released, MGM turned to American director Chuck Jones, who had just ended his thirty-plus year tenure at the Warner Bros. Animation Department and started his own animation studio, Sib Tower 12 Productions, with partner Les Goldman. Jones and Goldman went on to produce 34 more Tom and Jerry shorts starting in 1963, all of which carried Jones' distinctive style (and a slight psychedelic influence), but with varying degrees of critical success. MGM ceased production of animated shorts in 1967, by which time Sib Tower 12 had become part of MGM, and Jones had already begun to move on to television specials and the feature film The Phantom Tollbooth. Charles Martin Chuck Jones (September 21, 1912–February 22, 2002) was an American animator, cartoon artist, screenwriter, producer, and director of animated films, most memorably of Looney Tunes and Merrie Melodies shorts for the Warner Brothers cartoon studio. ... The WB Shield, used from 2001 to late 2003. ... Written by Norton Juster and illustrated by Jules Feiffer, The Phantom Tollbooth (1961, Knopf) is a childrens book, a modern-day fairy tale full of wordplay and insight into the human condition. ...

Tom and Jerry hit television

Beginning in 1965, the Hanna and Barbera Tom and Jerry films began to appear on television in heavily edited form: the Jones team was required to take the shorts that featured Mammy, rotoscope her out, and replace her with a thin white woman. Lillian Randolph's original voice tracks were replaced with June Foray performing in an Irish accent. Much of the extreme violence in the cartoons was also edited out. Starting out on CBS' Saturday Morning schedule on September 25, 1965, Tom and Jerry moved to CBS Sundays two years later and remained there until September 17, 1972. 1965 was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Lillian Randolph (December 14, 1898 - September 12, 1980) was an African American actress and singer, a veteran of radio, film, and television. ... June Foray (born September 18, 1917) is an extremely versatile voice actor who has worked for most of the studios which produced animated films since the 1940s. ... CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) is a major radio and television network in the United States. ... September 25 is the 268th day of the year (269th in leap years). ... 1965 was a common year starting on Friday (link goes to calendar). ... September 17 is the 260th day of the year (261st in leap years). ... 1972 was a leap year that started on a Saturday. ...

The title card for Hanna-Barbera's 1975 Tom and Jerry Show

When shown on television in the United Kingdom (from the late 1960s, usually on the BBC) Tom and Jerry cartoons were not cut for violence and Mammy was retained. As well as having regular slots, Tom and Jerry served the BBC in another way. When faced with disruption to the schedules (such as those occurring when live broadcasts overrun), the BBC would invariably turn to Tom and Jerry to fill any gaps, confident that it would retain much of an audience that might otherwise channel hop. screen capture from The Tom and Jerry Show (1976 TV show) This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... screen capture from The Tom and Jerry Show (1976 TV show) This is a screenshot of a copyrighted movie or television program. ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) is the national publicly funded broadcaster of the United Kingdom. ...

In 1975, Tom and Jerry were reunited with Hanna and Barbera, who produced new Tom and Jerry cartoons for Saturday morning. These 48 7-minute short cartoons were paired with Grape Ape and Mumbly cartoons, to create The New Tom & Jerry/Grape Ape Show, The Tom & Jerry/Grape Ape/Mumbly Show, and The Tom & Jerry/Mumbly Show, all of which ran on ABC Saturday Morning from September 6, 1975 to September 3, 1977. In these cartoons, Tom and Jerry (with red bow tie), who had been enemies during their formative years, became nonviolent pals who went on adventures together, as H-B had to meet the stringent rules against violence for children's TV. See also: 1974 in television, other events of 1975, 1976 in television and the list of years in television. For the American network television schedule, please see 1975-76 American network television schedule. ... The Grape Ape was a Hanna-Barbera character from the mid-70s. ... Mumbly is a Hanna-Barbera cartoon dog character famous for his wheezy laugh, voiced by Don Messick. ... The American Broadcasting Company (ABC) is a television and radio network in the United States. ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... 1975 was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... September 3 is the 246th day of the year (247th in leap years). ... 1977 was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1977 calendar). ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ...

In 1980, Filmation Studios (in association with MGM Television) also tried their hands at producing a Tom and Jerry TV cartoon series, this one called The Tom and Jerry Comedy Show and also featuring new cartoons starring MGM cartoon star Droopy, and supporting characters such as Spike and Barney Bear, not seen since the original MGM productions. Although they returned Tom and Jerry to the original chase formula, the Filmation cartoons were of noticeably lesser quality than Hanna-Barbera's efforts; this incarnation lasted on CBS Saturday Morning from September 6, 1980 to September 4, 1982. See also: 1979 in television, other events of 1980, 1981 in television and the list of years in television. For the American network television schedule, please see 1980-81 American network television schedule. ... The first Filmation logo. ... A low-key character created by Tex Avery at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer in 1943--essentially the polar opposite of his other famous character, loud, whacky Screwy Squirrel. ... Barney Bear was a series of animated cartoon short subjects produced by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... CBS (Columbia Broadcasting System) is a major radio and television network in the United States. ... September 6 is the 249th day of the year (250th in leap years). ... 1980 is a leap year starting on Tuesday. ... September 4 is the 247th day of the year (248th in leap years). ... 1982 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

One of the biggest trends for Saturday morning television in the 1980s and 1990s was the "babyfication" of older, classic cartoon stars, and on September 8, 1990, Tom and Jerry Kids Show, produced by Hanna-Barbera Productions in association with Turner Entertainment, debuted on FOX, featuring a youthful version of the famous cat-and-mouse duo chasing each other. Spike and Tyke, and Droopy and his son Dripple, appeared in back-up segments for the show, which ran until October 2, 1993. // Events and trends The 1990s are generally classified as having moved slightly away from the more conservative 1980s, but otherwise retaining the same mindset. ... Since the 1980s, there have been many shows that have featured both famous and well-known cartoon characters (Scooby-Doo, Bugs Bunny, etc. ... September 8 is the 251st day of the year (252nd in leap years). ... 1990 is a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Cartoon Network Studios, formerly known as Hanna-Barbera Cartoons, Inc. ... Turner Entertainment Company was established August 4, 1986 to oversee Turner Broadcastings film library after its acquisition of MGM/UA. In addition to the studio, Turner got its library, which included all of MGMs films, Warner Bros. ... The foxes comprise 23 species of omnivorous canids, found worldwide. ... October 2nd is the 275th day (276th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 90 days remaining. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ...

Tom & Jerry's new owners

In 1986, MGM was purchased by Ted Turner. Turner sold the company in 1988, but retained MGM's film library, thus Tom and Jerry became the property of Turner Entertainment (where the rights stand today via Warner Bros.), and have in subsequent years appeared on Turner-run stations, such as TBS, TNT, Cartoon Network, Boomerang, and Turner Classic Movies. 1986 is a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ted Turner Robert Edward Ted Turner III (born November 19, 1938) is an American media mogul and philanthropist. ... 1988 is a leap year starting on a Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Turner Entertainment Company was established August 4, 1986 to oversee Turner Broadcastings film library after its acquisition of MGM/UA. In addition to the studio, Turner got its library, which included all of MGMs films, Warner Bros. ... Warner Bros. ... TBS is an abbreviation that may refer to many different subjects: There are two television networks and one radio network commonly referred to as TBS. Tokyo Broadcasting System, a TV station in Tokyo, Japan TBS Radio & Communications, a radio station in Tokyo, Japan TBS (TV Network), US The rock/emo... Relaunched TNT logo, 2001 - present Turner Network Television, usually referred to as TNT, is a cable TV network created by media mogul Ted Turner in 1988. ... The current Cartoon Network logo, was used in North America since June 14, 2004, in Latin America since January 1st, 2005, and in Europe since April 11, 2005. ... Boomerang is the name of at least four TV networks owned by Cartoon Network, one in the United States, one in the United Kingdom, one in Australia and one in Spain, which shows classic animated cartoons, mainly from the Warner Brothers, MGM, and Hanna-Barbera archives. ... Turner Classic Movies (TCM) is a cable television channel similar to American Movie Classics (AMC) featuring classic movies from the MGM and Warner Brothers libraries. ...

Feature films

In 1945, Jerry made an appearance in the live-action MGM musical feature film Anchors Aweigh, in which, through the use of special effects, he performs a dance routine with Gene Kelly. In this sequence, Gene Kelly is telling a class of school kids a fictional tale of how he earned his medal of honor. Jerry is the king of a magical world populated with cartoon animals, whom he has forbidden to dance as he himself does not know how. Gene Kelly's character then comes along and guides Jerry through an elaborate dance routine, resulting in Jerry awarding him with a medal. Jerry speaks and sings in this film; his voice is performed by Sara Berner. Tom has a cameo in the sequence as one of Jerry's servants. 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Anchors Aweigh is a 1945 musical comedy film in which two sailors go on leave in Los Angeles, California, accompanied by music and song. ... Special effects (abbreviated SPFX or SFX) are used in the film, television, and entertainment industry to create effects that cannot be achieved by normal means, such as depicting travel to other star systems. ... Gene Kelly (1912-1996) Eugene Curran Kelly Born in Pittsburgh on August 23, 1912, died February 2, 1996 in Beverly Hills, California) was an Irish-American dancer, actor, singer, director, and choreographer. ...

Both Tom and Jerry appear with Esther Williams in a dream sequence in another MGM musical, Dangerous When Wet (1953). In the film, Tom and Jerry are chasing each other underwater, when they run into Esther Williams, with whom they do an extended synchronized swimming routine. Tom and Jerry have to save Esther from a lecherous octopus, who tries to lure and woo Esther into his (many) arms. Esther Jane Williams (born August 8, 1921) is a United States swimmer and movie star famous for her musical films that featured elaborate performances with swimming and diving. ... 1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ...

1992 saw the overseas release of Tom and Jerry: The Movie, produced by Film Roman, was released to United States theatres in 1993 by Miramax. A musical in the typical Disney-esque vein, Tom and Jerry: The Movie was criticized by reviewers and audiences alike for being unoriginal, predictable, and for giving Tom and Jerry dialogue (and songs) through the entire film. The movie did poor business in America. In 2001, Warner Bros. which had by then merged with Turner and assumed most of its properties, released the direct-to-video movie The Magic Ring, in which Tom covets a ring that Jerry wears on his head that will give him mystical powers. 1992 is a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... DPS Film Roman is an independent animation company based in Los Angeles, California. ... 1993 is a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar and marked the Beginning of the International Decade to Combat Racism and Racial Discrimination (1993-2003). ... Miramax is a Big Ten film distribution and production company. ... 2001: A Space Odyssey. ... The WB Shield, used from 2001 to late 2003. ...

Other formats

Tom and Jerry began appearing in comic books in 1942, as one of the features in Our Gang Comics. In 1949, with MGM's live-action Our Gang shorts long out of production, the series was renamed Tom and Jerry Comics. The pair continued to appear in various books for the rest of the 20th century. A comic book is a magazine or book containing the art form of comics. ... This article is about the year. ... A poster for the 1931 Our Gang comedy Love Business featuring depictions of (from left to right): Pete the Pup, Jackie Cooper, and Norman Chubby Chaney. ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... A poster for the 1931 Our Gang comedy Love Business featuring depictions of (from left to right): Pete the Pup, Jackie Cooper, and Norman Chubby Chaney. ... (19th century - 20th century - 21st century - more centuries) Decades: 1900s 1910s 1920s 1930s 1940s 1950s 1960s 1970s 1980s 1990s As a means of recording the passage of time, the 20th century was that century which lasted from 1901–2000 in the sense of the Gregorian calendar (1900–1999 in the...

The pair have also appeared in a number of video games as well, including: Computer and video games A screenshot of Tetris for the Nintendo Game Boy A console game (better known as a video game) is a form of interactive multimedia used for entertainment, which consists of a moveable image displayed on a screen that is usually controlled and manipulated using a handheld...

• Tom and Jerry for Nintendo Entertainment System
• Tom and Jerry: The Movie for Sega Game Gear
• Tom and Jerry for Super Nintendo
• Tom and Jerry: Mouse Attacks for Game Boy Color
• Tom and Jerry: Infurnal Escape for the Game Boy Advance
• Tom and Jerry: The Magic Ring for the Game Boy Advance
• Tom and Jerry: War of the Whiskers for the PlayStation 2, Xbox, and Nintendo GameCube
• Tom and Jerry: House Trap for the PlayStation
• Tom and Jerry: Fists of Furry for Nintendo 64 and PC

In the Philippines, residents sometimes call the cartoon series Wowowee. The Nintendo Entertainment System (North America, Europe, and Australia) The Nintendo Entertainment System, or NES, is an 8-bit video game console released by Nintendo in North America, Europe and Australia. ... The Sega Game Gear was Segas first portable gaming system. ... The European SNES design is identical to the Super Famicom. ... The Game Boy Color (also referred to as GBC) was Nintendos successor to the Game Boy. ... The Game Boy line is the best-selling handheld to date The Game Boy Advance (GBA) is a handheld video game console developed, manufactured and marketed by Nintendo. ... The Game Boy line is the best-selling handheld to date The Game Boy Advance (GBA) is a handheld video game console developed, manufactured and marketed by Nintendo. ... The PlayStation 2 (PS2) (Japanese: プレイステーション2) is Sonys second video game console, after the PlayStation. ... The Xbox was Microsofts first game console, released on November 15, 2001. ... The Nintendo GameCube (Japanese: ゲームキューブ; originally code-named Dolphin during development; abbreviated as GCN) is Nintendos fourth home video game console, belonging to the 128-bit era; the same generation as Segas Dreamcast, Sonys PlayStation 2, and Microsofts Xbox. ... The PlayStation (Japanese: プレイステーション) is a video game console of the 32-bit era, first produced by Sony Computer Entertainment in the 1990s. ... The Nintendo 64, commonly called the N64, is Nintendos third home video game console. ... The tower of a personal computer. ... Tom & Jerry title card from the 1940s Tom and Jerry were an animated cat (Tom) and mouse (Jerry) team who formed the basis of a massively successful series of theatrical short cartoons created, written, and directed by animators William Hanna and Joseph Barbera (later of Hanna-Barbera fame), and produced...

The Oscar-winning shorts

The following cartoons won the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons: This class was known as Short Subjects, cartoons from 1932 until 1970, and as Short Subjects, animated films from 1971 to 1973. ...

• 1943: The Yankee Doodle Mouse
• 1944: Mouse Trouble
• 1945: Quiet, Please!
• 1946: The Cat Concerto
• 1948: The Little Orphan
• 1952: The Two Mouseketeers
• 1953: Johann Mouse see (Johann Strauss II)

These cartoons were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Short Subject: Cartoons, but did not win: 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... The Yankee Doodle Mouse is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on June 26, 1943 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1946 was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Tom & Jerry in The Cat Concerto Another screenshot The Cat Concerto is a Tom and Jerry cartoon, released in 1946 by MGM studios. ... 1948 is a leap year starting on Thursday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1952 - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... 1953 is a common year starting on Thursday. ... Johann Mouse is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject in the Tom and Jerry series, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on March 21, 1953 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... Johann Strauss II The Waltz King coming to life in the Stadtpark, Vienna Johann Strauss II (or Johann Strauss the Younger, or Johann Strauss Jr. ... This class was known as Short Subjects, cartoons from 1932 until 1970, and as Short Subjects, animated films from 1971 to 1973. ...

• 1940: Puss Gets the Boot (Jasper and Jinx)
• 1941: The Night Before Christmas
• 1947: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Mouse
• 1949: Hatch Up Your Troubles
• 1951: Jerry's Cousin
• 1954: Touché, Pussy Cat!

1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Puss Gets the Boot is a one-reel animated cartoon short subject, produced in Technicolor and released to theatres on February 10, 1940 by Metro-Goldwyn Mayer. ... 1941 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1947 was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1949 is a common year starting on Saturday. ... 1951 was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ... 1954 was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Compare To

• Herman and Katnip
• Itchy & Scratchy (from The Simpsons)

Herman and Katnip are a duo of cartoon characters (Herman the mouse and Katnip the cat), who have appeared both separately and together in Famous Studios cartoons from 1943 to 1959. ... The Itchy & Scratchy Show is a cartoon (watched religiously by Bart and Lisa Simpson on The Simpsons) that depicts a mouse, Itchy, and a cat, Scratchy, continually attacking and mutilating each other with a variety of deadly weapons. ... The Simpsons is the longest-running animated television series in American TV history, with 17 seasons and 356 episodes since it debuted on December 17, 1989 on FOX, and is a spinoff of The Tracey Ullman Show. ...

References

• Barrier, Michael (1999). Hollywood Cartoons: American Animation in Its Golden Age. Oxford: Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-503759-6.
• Maltin, Leonard (180, updated 1987). Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons. New York: Penguin Books. ISBN 0-452-25993-2.

Leonard Maltin (born December 18, 1950 in New York City) is a well-known and influential American film critic. ...

External links

• Randy's Tom & Jerry Cartoon Information Site
• Aaron's New Tom & Jerry Information Site
• Tom & Jerry Online
• Cartoon Network: Tom & Jerry
• Tom and Jerry: The Movie official website