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A tonbak (also known as tombak, donbak, dombak and zarb, in Persian تمبک) is a goblet drum from Persia (modern Iran). It is considered the principal percussion instrument of Persian music. Persian (Local names: Ùارسی Fârsi or پارسی Pârsi)* is an Indo-European language spoken in Iran, Afghanistan and Tajikistan as well as by minorities in Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, India, Pakistan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Southern Russia, neighboring countries, and elsewhere. ...
The goblet drum (also chalice drum) is a goblet shaped hand drum used in Arabic music, Persian music, Balkan music, Armenian music, Azeri music and Turkish music. ...
For other uses of this term see: Persia (disambiguation) The Persian Empire is the name used to refer to a number of historic dynasties that have ruled the country of Persia (Iran). ...
Construction The tonbak has five parts: - Skin
- Body
- Throat
- Small Opening
- Large Opening
The skin is usually glued to the body. Goat or lamb skin is the most popular material for the skin. The body of a tonbak is made of mulberry wood which gives it its distinctive sound. The body may be decorated with carved furrows. The throat is almost cylindrical and it is connected from top to the body. The throat and the small opening together are in the form of a trumpet. The large opening is in the top and is covered by the skin. A tombak player holds the drum diagonally across his lap with the wider section usually over his right side and plays it with the fingers and the palm of the hands.
Culture Goblet-shaped drums are played in different regions of Asia, East Europe and Africa. Although there are some similarities among all goblet drums, the techniques for playing the tonbak are different from most other goblet drums of the world. The modern tonbak described in this page is most commonly associated with the music of Iran.
The most common measures associated with the tombak are a 6/8,2/4,4/4,5/8,7/8,8/16. Today the melodic beat of the drum does not merely work as a meter but is usually woven into the music like any other instrument. The tombak was not considered a soloist instrument until the pioneering work of Ostad Hossein Tehrani in the 1950's as well as innovations of Ostad Nasser Farhangfar and others. Modern players are expanding the technique of playing the tombak exponentially. Examples include Madjid Khaladj [1]. In musical notation, a bar or measure is a segment of time defined as a given number of beats of a given duration. ...
Particularly, this article is not about Hymn meters, as often found on hymn tunes Meter (UK spelling: metre) is the measurement of a musical line into measures of stressed and unstressed beats, indicated in Western music notation by a symbol called a time signature. ...
Look up Maestro, maestro in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
Hossein Tehrani (1912 – 1974) was an Iranian musician and Tonbak player. ...
- CD by Navid Afghah: Temple of wooden figures
- CD by Navid Afghah: Genesis
- CD by Mohammad Esmaili: Tombak Course Mahoor Inst.
- CD by Daryush Zargari: "Saz-e Tanha" Mahoor Inst.
Sources: Mohammad Esmaili Ù…Øمد اسمائیلی was born 1934 in Tehran,and he grew up in the talented family such as his uncles(Morteza Goreenzadeh and Musttappha Goreenzadeh, trumpet and clarinet players). ...
- MADJID KHALADJ: Anthology of Iranian Rhythms - volume 1 / The basic works of Master Hossein Tehrani[2]
- MADJID KHALADJ: Anthology of iranian rhythms - volume 2 / daf (mystical drum), dayré & zang-e saringôshti[3]
- CD by Madjid Khaladj: Infinite Breath - Nafas (Ba Music Records, 2006) [4]
and - DVD OF TOMBAK / Madjid Khaladj All Regions | Coproduction : Le Salon de Musique & Ecole de Tombak | Langues : français, anglais, espagnol | Duration : 172 minutes | book 80 pages (French / English.)| EDV 937 CV 054 | Read More : [5]
Description:
The Tombak or Zarb. Is the Chief percussion instrument of Iranian Art music. This is a one faced drum Where (he whole upper half is wider Than the lower. It is carved of single Block of wood! And it body is hallow, Open at lower end covered with a Sheepskin membrane across the Upper part. An average Tombak is 43 cm high with Playing face of 28 diameter A Tombak player holds the drum Diagonally across his lap with the Wider section usually over his right Side and it is played with the fingers And the palm of the hands.
Famous Tonbak Players - Hossein Tehrani
- Nasser Farhangfar
- Mohammad Esmaili
- Amir Nasser Eftetah
- Jahangir Malek
- Amir Bidaryan
- Bahman Rajabi
- Morteza Ayan
- Mahmod Farahmand
- Madjid Khaladj
Hossein Tehrani (1912 – 1974) was an Iranian musician and Tonbak player. ...
Mohammad Esmaili Ù…Øمد اسمائیلی was born 1934 in Tehran,and he grew up in the talented family such as his uncles(Morteza Goreenzadeh and Musttappha Goreenzadeh, trumpet and clarinet players). ...
See also Figurines playing stringed instruments, excavated at Susa, 3rd millennium BC. Iran National Museum. ...
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