Gabrieleno Native American women

Tongva may also refer to the Tongva language.

The Tongva are a Native American people who inhabited the area in and around Los Angeles, California before the arrival of Europeans. Tongva means "people of the earth" in the Tongva language, a language in the Uto-Aztecan family. The Tongva are also sometimes referred to as the Gabrieleño/Tongva (often written "Gabrieleno/Tongva") or Gabrielino/Tongva tribe. Following the Spanish custom of naming local tribes after nearby missions, they were called the Gabrieleño, Gabrielino, or San Gabrieleño in reference to Mission San Gabriel Arcangel. Likewise, the nearby Tataviam people were known as "Fernandeño" after Mission San Fernando Rey de España. Many Tongva people prefer not to be called Gabrielino as this is the name Europeans have given them and not their "true" name.^{[citation needed]} Image File history File linksMetadata Gabrielenos. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Gabrielenos. ... The Tongva language (also known as the Gabrielino language) is an Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Tongva, a Native American people who live in and around Los Angeles, California. ... Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples from the regions of North America now encompassed by the continental United States, including parts of Alaska. ... d Los Angeles and L.A. redirect here. ... World map showing the location of Europe. ... The Tongva language (also known as the Gabrielino language) is an Uto-Aztecan language spoken by the Tongva, a Native American people who live in and around Los Angeles, California. ... Pre-contact distribution of Northern Uto-Aztecan languages (note: this map does not show the distribution in Mexico) Uto-Aztecan (also Uto-Aztekan) is a Native American language family. ... Mission San Gabriel Arcángel was founded on The Feast of the Birth of Mary (September 8) in 1771. ... The Tataviam language is an extinct Uto-Aztecan language that was spoken in southern California. ... A view looking down an exterior corridor at Mission San Fernando Rey de España, a common architectural feature of the Spanish Missions. ...

History

A Gabrieleno woman, Mrs. James V. Rosemeyre; Bakersfield; July 1905

Along with the Chumash, their neighbors to the north, the Tongva are among the few New World peoples who regularly navigated the ocean. They built seaworthy canoes, called ti'at, using planks that were sewn together, edge to edge, and then caulked and coated with either pine pitch, or, more commonly, the tar that was available either from the La Brea Tar Pits, or as asphaltum that had washed up on shore from offshore oil seeps. These titi'at could hold as many as 12 people and all their gear and all the trade goods they were carrying to trade with other people, either along the coast or on one of the Channel Islands. The Tongva canoed out to greet Spanish explorer Juan Cabrillo when he arrived off the shores of San Pedro in 1542. Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 422 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (978 × 1390 pixel, file size: 629 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) from the C. Hart Merriam Collection of Native American Photographs, Y. TONGVA STOCK 24a. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 422 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (978 × 1390 pixel, file size: 629 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) from the C. Hart Merriam Collection of Native American Photographs, Y. TONGVA STOCK 24a. ... Rafael, a Chumash in the 1800s Pre-contact distribution of the Chumash The Chumash are a Native American tribe who historically inhabit mainly the southern coastal regions of California, in the vicinity of what is now Santa Barbara and Ventura, extending as far south as Malibu. ... The pitch drop experiment. ... La Brea Tar Pits in Los Angeles Countys Miracle Mile District. ... Base layer of asphalt concrete in a road under construction. ... The Channel Islands of California, also called the Santa Barbara Islands, are a chain of eight islands located in the Pacific Ocean off the coast of Southern California along the Santa Barbara Channel in the United States of America. ... João Rodrigues Cabrilho Juan Rodríguez Cabrillo (Portuguese: João Rodrigues Cabrilho) (ca. ... San Pedro is a community within Los Angeles, California, annexed in 1909 and a major seaport of the area. ...

Modern place-names with Tongva origins include: Pacoima, Tujunga, Topanga, Rancho Cucamonga, Azusa, and Cahuenga Pass. In geography and cartography, a toponym is a place name, a geographical name, a proper name of locality, region, or some other part of Earths surface or its natural or artificial feature. ... Pacoima is a district in the San Fernando Valley region of the City of Los Angeles, California. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Topanga, California is an unincorporated area in western Los Angeles County, California, USA. It is located in the Santa Monica Mountains and occupies Topanga Canyon. ... Rancho Cucamonga is a city in San Bernardino County, California, United States. ... Azusa is a city located in Los Angeles County, California, United States. ... Cahuenga Pass (from the indigenous Tongva language) (el. ...

The name of their creation deity, Quaoar, has been used to name a large object in the Kuiper belt. A 2,656-foot summit in the Verdugo Mountains, in Glendale, has been named Tongva Peak. The Gabrielino Trail is a 28-mile path through the Angeles National Forest. God is the divine being that created the omniverse. ... Quaoar is the name of a creation deity of the Native American Tongva people, native to the area around Los Angeles. ... 50000 Quaoar (pronounced kwaa·waar or kwow·ər, English IPA: , Tongva ) [2] is a Trans-Neptunian object orbiting the Sun in the Kuiper belt. ... The Kuiper belt, derived from data from the Minor Planet Center. ... The Verdugo Mountains are an offshoot range of the San Gabriel Mountains and are located in Los Angeles County, California. ... Nickname: Location of Glendale within Los Angeles County and the State of California. ... The San Gabriel Mountains, part of the Angeles National Forest. ...

In the 1990s, Kuruvungna Springs, a natural spring located on the site of a former Tongva village on the campus of University High School in West Los Angeles, was revitalized due to the efforts of the Gabrielino/Tongva Springs Foundation. The spring, which produces 22,000 gallons of water each day, is considered by the Tongva to be one of their last remaining sacred sites and is regularly used for ceremonial events. Serra Springs is California State Historical Landmark number 522, and is located on the campus of University High School in Los Angeles County. ... University High School, commonly known as Uni is a secondary school located in West Los Angeles, a district in Los Angeles, California near the border of Santa Monica. ...

Living in such a high growth area, many controversies have naturally arisen around land use issues relating to the Tongva. Conflicts between the Tongva and the rapidly expanding population of Los Angeles have often had to be resolved in the courts. Burial grounds have been inadvertently disturbed by developers. The tribe has complained about bones being broken by archeologists studying the site. Flag Seal Nickname: City of Angels Location Location within Los Angeles County in the state of California Coordinates , Government State County California Los Angeles County Mayor Antonio Villaraigosa (D) Geographical characteristics Area     City 1,290. ...

Another widely known controversy was over an area called Puvungna, which is the birthplace of the Tongva prophet Chingishnish, and is believed by some Tongva to be the place of creation. The site, formerly home to a Tongva village and also containing an active spring, is located on the grounds of what is today California State University, Long Beach. While a portion of Puvungna (a burial ground on the western edge of the campus) is listed on the National Register of Historic Places, nevertheless developers have repeatedly attempted, beginning in 1992, to build a strip mall in the area. They were blocked by the courts after petition by the Tongva for relief. Please wikify (format) this article as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Chingichngish (Chinigchinix, Chinigchinich, Changitchnish, etc. ... California State University, Long Beach (also known as Long Beach State, Cal State Long Beach, CSULB, LBSU or The Beach) is the second largest campus of the California State University system and the third largest university in the state of California in terms of enrollment. ... A typical plaque showing entry on the National Register of Historic Places. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ...

Historically, the Tongva, like most Native Americans, have lost many of their battles to preserve their lands and culture. Whether the Tongva will be able to maintain their culture and historic lands in the future is somewhat uncertain.

The library of Loyola Marymount University, located in Los Angeles, has an extensive collection of archival materials related to the Tongva and their history. Loyola Marymount University (LMU) is a comprehensive co-educational private Roman Catholic Jesuit university in Los Angeles, California, USA. The University is one of 28 member institutions of the Association of Jesuit Colleges and Universities and one of five Marymount institutions of higher education. ...

Population

Estimates for the pre-contact populations of most native groups in California have varied substantially. (See Population of Native California.) Alfred L. Kroeber (1925:883) suggested a 1770 population of the Gabrielino of 5,000, and most subsequent scholars have accepted this estimate. Native California Population, according to Cook 1978. ... Alfred Louis Kroeber Alfred Louis Kroeber (June 11, 1876–October 5, 1960) was one of the most influential figures in American anthropology in the first half of the twentieth century. ...

Currently there are 1500 or more members in the Tongva tribe^[1] and others that are coming forward each day. The Tongva are currently working towards re-establishing long-lost family ties^[2].

Recent archaeological research

In February 2006, archaeologists uncovered a prehistoric milling area estimated to be 8,000 years old at the base of the San Gabriel Mountains near Azusa, California. The find included about 100 tools used by the Tongva tribe.^[3][4] San Gabriel Mountains The San Gabriel Mountains are located in northern Los Angeles County and western San Bernardino County, California, USA. The mountain range forms a barrier between the Greater Los Angeles Area and the Mojave Desert. ... Azusa is a city located in Los Angeles County, California, United States. ...

References

1. ^ [1]
2. ^ [2]
3. ^ [3]
4. ^ [4]

See also

• Gabrielino traditional narratives

Gabrielino traditional narratives include myths, legends, tales, and oral histories preserved by the Gabrielino (Tongva)people of the Los Angeles basin and vicinity in southern California. ...

External links

• There is no single governing body accepted by all Tongva:
  • Gabrieleno/Tongva Tribal Council of San Gabriel
  • Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe Gabrielino-Tongva Tribe Tribal Council
• Gabrielino Tongva Springs Foundation
• A Tongva History brief on the Perris Valley Historical and Museum Association website
• Tongva (Gabrielinos)
• Antelope Valley Indian Museum (includes a searchable database of its collections, which include many Tongva artifacts)
• Gabrielino Indians seeking out long lost family members

It is proposed that this article be deleted, because of the following concern: nn local historical association. ...

References

• Johnston, Bernice Eastman. 1962. California's Gabrielino Indians. Southwest Museum, Los Angeles.
• Kroeber, A. L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. Washington, D.C.
• McCawley, William. 1996. The First Angelinos: The Gabrielino Indians of Los Angeles. Malki Museum Press, Banning, California. ISBN 0-9651016-1-4