 A mixed group of people demonstrating the kind of equality that this movement seeks. Topfree equality or topfreedom is a social movement in North America, where resistance is much greater than in mainland Europe or Australia. The goal of the movement is to give females the right to remove their clothing above the waist in public wherever males can legally do so (e.g., at a beach, swimming pool, or park). The reasons cited include keeping nursing mothers from having to find a hidden place for breastfeeding, sun tanning, comfort in places such as pools and beaches, and legal equality. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x680, 177 KB)Topfree group at Barton Creek. ...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1024x680, 177 KB)Topfree group at Barton Creek. ...
American Civil Rights Movement is one of the most famous social movements of the 20th century. ...
World map showing North America A satellite composite image of North America. ...
Topless redirects here. ...
Public art in a public space in Lille, France One definition of public space or a public place is a place where anyone has a right to come without being excluded because economic or social conditions (fees, paying an entrance, being poor, ...). Malls are examples of private space with the...
90 mile beach Australia A beach or strand is a geological formation consisting of loose rock particles such as sand, shingle, cobble, or even shell along the shoreline of a body of water. ...
50 meter indoor swimming pool A swimming pool, swimming bath, or wading pool is an artificially enclosed body of water intended for recreational or competitive swimming, diving, or for other bathing activities that do not involve swimming, e. ...
An Australian park A park is any of a number of geographic features. ...
A breastfeeding infant Breastfeeding is the process of a woman feeding an infant or young child with milk from her breasts, usually directly from the nipples. ...
Despite the risks, many female teens said in a survey with Seventeen Magazine that they look better with a tan and feel healthier, more sophisticated Sun tanning describes a darkening of the skin (especially of fair-skinned individuals) in a natural physiological response stimulated by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from...
The movement does not try to secure a right for women or men to be without a shirt in a restaurant or where such is not accepted for either gender, but with ensuring equality under law for women. The struggle heated up in February 2005 in California, where attorney Liana Johnsson contended that under Megan's Law, women convicted of indecent exposure (for breastfeeding or sunbathing) could find themselves listed as sex offenders alongside rapists and child molesters. Social equality is a social state of affairs in which certain different people have the same status in a certain respect, minimally at least in voting rights, freedom of speech and assembly, and property rights. ...
Template:Diffgggtgerent calendars 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Sacramento Largest city Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq. ...
Megans Law is the colloquial term used to denote a number of state laws in the United States that require law enforcement authorities to identify what are generally called sex offenders to the public at large through various media, including in some cases the Internet. ...
Indecent exposure is the display of bare parts of the human body that, according to the standards of the local cultural norms, would otherwise be clothed. ...
A breastfeeding infant Breastfeeding is the process of a woman feeding an infant or young child with milk from her breasts, usually directly from the nipples. ...
Despite the risks, many female teens said in a survey with Seventeen Magazine that they look better with a tan and feel healthier, more sophisticated Sun tanning describes a darkening of the skin (especially of fair-skinned individuals) in a natural physiological response stimulated by exposure to ultraviolet radiation from...
A sex offender is a person who has been criminally charged and convicted of a sexual offense, or has plead guilty but not convicted. ...
Rape is a crime of forcing somebody into sexual activity, in particular sexual penetration, against his or her will through use of physical force, threat of injury, or other duress. ...
Sexual abuse is a relative cultural term used to describe sexual relations and behavior between two or more parties which are considered criminally and/or morally offensive. ...
Some women in this movement have become discouraged when they find themselves exploited by nudist publications, morality groups of various persuasions, and pornographers. Public figures photographed by the papparazzi while appearing topfree on public beaches and at swimming pools include Cindy Crawford, Cameron Diaz and Britney Spears. For the article on the 2004 film, see Paparazzi (movie) Photographers crowd around a starlette at the Cannes Film Festival. ...
Cindy Crawford on the cover of Playboy, July 1988 Cynthia Ann Crawford (born February 20, 1966) is an American supermodel, MTV television personality, and actress. ...
Cameron Diaz at the 2002 Cannes Film Festival Cameron Michelle DÃaz (born August 30, 1972) is a popular American film actress and model. ...
Britney Jean Spears (born December 2, 1981) is a Grammy-winning American pop singer, dancer, occasional actress, and author. ...
The term "topfree" is used as an alternative to "topless", which may carry negative connotations. Some women prefer the term "shirtfree rights".
The basic argument
North American culture generally tends to oppose topfreedom basically because of the idea that females breasts are sexual organs, and therefore indecent and to be hidden like penises and vulvas. In contrast, they do not commonly consider male breasts to be sexual organs.
However, the main argument against the characterization of female breasts as sexual organs is that the objectification of breasts as sexual objects (sometimes characterized as a sexual fetish) is an unnatural and unhealthy viewpoint. Topfreedom, it is said, would relieve women of unfair restriction caused by such views. Sexual fetishism, first described as such by Alfred Binet in his Le fétichisme dans l’amour, though the concept and certainly the activity is quite ancient, is a form of paraphilia where the object of affection is a specific inanimate object or part of a persons body. ...
Biologically, there is no particular connection between mammary glands and copulation. Topfree equality could result in future generations considering breasts to be "normal" organs to be frequently and casually viewed by all and accessible to nursing children for emotional and physical nurturance.
Some courts in North America are siding with proponents of topfree equality by ruling that mammary glands are nurturing organs, not sexual organs.
Topfree in North America List of places in North America that are said to have topfree equality by law, although whether such equality is upheld or practiced varies: - Some provinces of Canada including
- British Columbia
- Ontario[1] (where equality has been tested and upheld several times)
- All of Canada, in theory, because sex equality is an amendment to the Canadian Constitution. The Supreme Court could, however, overturn the precedents set in BC and Ontario.
Note that even in some of the areas where topfree is in fact legal, local police may still arrest those practicing it for disorderly conduct or similar charges. Motto: Splendor Sine Occasu (Latin: Splendour without diminishment) Official languages none stated in law; English is de facto Capital Victoria Largest city Vancouver Lieutenant-Governor Iona Campagnolo Premier Gordon Campbell (BC Liberal) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 36 6 Area Total • Land • Water (% of total) Ranked 5th 944,735...
Motto: Ut Incepit Fidelis Sic Permanet (Latin: Loyal she began, loyal she remains) Official languages English Capital Toronto Largest city Toronto Lieutenant-Governor James K. Bartleman Premier Dalton McGuinty (Liberal) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 106 24 Area Total • Land • Water (% of total) Ranked 4th 1,076,395 km...
Official language(s) Hawaiian and English Capital Largest city Honolulu Honolulu Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 43rd 10,941 sq mi 28,337 km² n/a miles n/a km 1,522 miles 2,450 km 41. ...
Official language(s) None Capital Augusta Largest city Portland Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 39th 33,414 sq mi 86,542 km² 190 miles 305 km 320 miles 515 km 13. ...
Official language(s) None, English de facto Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area Ranked 27th - Total 141,205 km² (54,520 sq. ...
Official language(s) None Capital Largest city Columbus Columbus (largest metropolitan area is Cleveland) Area Ranked 34th - Total 44,825 sq. ...
Official language(s) See: Languages of Texas Capital Austin Largest city Houston Area Ranked 2nd - Total 695,622 km² (268,581 sq. ...
Nickname: The Emerald City Map Political Statistics Founded 1846 Incorporated 1862 County Lane County Mayor Kitty Piercy Geographic Statistics Area - Total - Land - Water 105. ...
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Location of Miami Beach in Miami-Dade County, Florida. ...
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Nickname: the District Motto: Justitia Omnibus (Justice for All) Official website: http://www. ...
In the criminal law of the United States of America, disorderly conduct is a name given to a rather ill defined crime. ...
Topfree outside North America In many countries, especially in Europe and Australia, it is well-established legally that females may go topfree at places like beaches, parks and open air swimming pools, and they do. In other areas, such as South Korea and Islamic countries, it is considered highly offensive for women, and even men, to go topfree in almost any context. Europe is conventionally considered one of the seven continents of Earth which, in this case, is more a cultural and political distinction than a physiographic one, leading to various perspectives about Europes borders. ...
Islam (Arabic: ; ( ▶ (help· info)), the submission to God) is a monotheistic faith, one of the Abrahamic religions and the worlds second-largest religion. ...
See also Topless redirects here. ...
This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...
Line art depictions of a man and a woman designed to educate extraterrestrials about the appearance of the human body. ...
Nudism, or naturism, is the practice of going nude or unclothed in social and usually mixed gender groups, specifically in cultures where this is not the norm. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into swimsuit. ...
Organizations The Naturist Action Committee (NAC) is a Wisconsin-based organization that is associated with The Naturist Society (TNS), based in Oshkosh, Wisconsin. ...
The Topfree Eqaul Rights Association (TERA) is a Canadian organisation that exists to help women who have legal troubles excercising their rights to go topfree where men are also able to. ...
Many organizations associate with the terms naturism or nudism. ...
Cover of Nude & Natural (N) magazine Issue 25. ...
People - Judy Williams: NAC board member, chief advisor of TERA, chair of Wreck Beach Preservation Society (WBPS) in Vancouver, BC
- Gwen Jacob: test case for topfreedom who won in Ontario, Canada. (References, below)
- Linda Meyer: test case for topfreedom for British Columbia. On June 8, 2000, she won in court against Maple Ridge, BC. She had been arrested at the District of Maple Ridge's indoor public swimming pool. That was after she had provoked arrests for many years, and had gone to jail, in order to win in court and thereby stop official harassment for her topfree public activities.
- Paul Rapoport: topfree activist, writer, editor of Going Natural, a publication of FCN.
- Sue Richards: Publisher of the topfree, breast health calendar Breast of Canada.
- Morley Schloss: NAC board member, topfree activist.
- Nikki Craft: feminist, past shirtfree rights activist, now disaffiliated from the movement.
This article or section seems not to be written in the formal tone expected of an encyclopedia entry. ...
The Invisible Woman, real name Susan Richards, née Susan Storm, formerly the Invisible Girl, is a fictional superhero who is a member of The Fantastic Four in the Marvel Universe. ...
Morley Schloss and family hosted the Rochester Naturists group from his home for years before taking the fight to the streets. ...
This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ...
Feminism is a social theory and political movement primarily informed and motivated by the experience of women. ...
References - ^ Province of Ontario Court of Appeal. Judgment C12668, The Queen vs. Gwen Jacob (1996)
External links - Woman Promotes the Right to Go Topless - Originally an LA Times, January 2005 article
- Topfree Equal Rights Association
- topfree!
- What is topfreedom? article
- Feminist Plaintiffs Withdraw From Cape Cod Shirtfree Case
- Christian modesty challenged in debate
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