NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Toulon

Toulon (Provençal Occitan: Tolon in classical norm or Touloun in Mistralian norm) is a city in southern France and a large military harbour on the Mediterranean coast, with a major French naval base. Located in the Provence-Alpes-Côte-d'Azur région, Toulon is the préfecture (capital) of the Var département, in the former province of Provence. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (10444x1022, 1033 KB) Description: Panorama of japan, the bay, and the cities of Saint Mandrier sur mer, La Seyne, Six-Fours and Sanary Author: http://www. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (10444x1022, 1033 KB) Description: Panorama of japan, the bay, and the cities of Saint Mandrier sur mer, La Seyne, Six-Fours and Sanary Author: http://www. ... Toulon can refer to several places: Toulon, Var, France Toulon-sur-Arroux, SaÃ´ne-et-Loire, France Toulon, Illinois, United States Category: ... Download high resolution version (1804x1689, 163 KB) File links The following pages link to this file: Toulon Categories: GFDL images ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... This is an alphabetical list of countries of the world, including independent states (both those that are internationally recognised and generally unrecognised), inhabited dependent territories and areas of special sovereignty. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Location Administration Capital Marseille Regional President Michel Vauzelle (PS) (since 1998) DÃ©partements Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Alpes-Maritimes Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne Hautes-Alpes Var Vaucluse Arrondissements 18 Cantons 237 Communes 963 Statistics Land area1 31,400 kmÂ² Population (Ranked 3rd) - January 1, 2005 est. ... Departments (French: IPA: ) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ... Var is a dÃ©partement of southern France. ... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the capital city of a dÃ©partement. ... The 100 French departments are divided into 342 arrondissements, which may be translated into English as districts. ... Location of Toulon in Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur. ... The cantons of France are administrative divisions subdividing arrondissements and dÃ©partements. ... The commune is an administrative division of France. ... The Agglomeration community of Toulon Provence Mediterranean (French: CommunautÃ© dagglomÃ©ration Toulon Provence MÃ©diterranÃ©e), is the intercommunal structure gathering the commune of Toulon (France) and some of its suburbs. ... A mayor (from the Latin mÄior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... 2008 (MMVIII) will be a leap year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... INSEE is the French abbreviation for the French National Institute for Statistics and Economic Studies (French: Institut National de la Statistique et des Études Économiques). ... Postal codes were introduced in France in 1972, when La Poste introduced automated sorting. ... Square kilometre (US spelling: Square kilometer), symbol km², is an SI unit of surface area. ... A square mile is an English unit of area equal to that of a square with sides each 1 statute mile (â‰ˆ1,609 m) in length. ... Rio de la Plata estuary Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Estuaries An estuary is a semi-enclosed coastal body of water with one or more rivers or streams flowing into it, and with a free connection to the open sea. ... This page lists English translations of several Latin phrases and abbreviations, such as and . ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (992x653, 915 KB) Toulon, France 5. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (992x653, 915 KB) Toulon, France 5. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2173x1342, 952 KB) Joseph Vernet: PremiÃ¨re vue du port de Toulon, vue du Port-Neuf pris Ã langle du Parc dartillerie, 1755, huile sur toile, 1,65 x 2,63 m MusÃ©ee national de la Marine, nÂ°5... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (2173x1342, 952 KB) Joseph Vernet: PremiÃ¨re vue du port de Toulon, vue du Port-Neuf pris Ã langle du Parc dartillerie, 1755, huile sur toile, 1,65 x 2,63 m MusÃ©ee national de la Marine, nÂ°5... Claude Joseph Vernet (August 14, 1714 - December 3, 1789), French painter, was born at Avignon. ... ProvenÃ§al (ProvenÃ§au) is one of several dialects of Occitan spoken by a minority of people in southern France and other areas of France and Italy. ... Occitan, or langue doc is a Romance language characterized by its richness, variability, and by the intelligibility of its dialects. ... The Mediterranean Sea is an intercontinental sea positioned between Europe to the north, Africa to the south and Asia to the east, covering an approximate area of 2. ... Capital Marseilles Area 31,400 kmÂ² Regional President Michel Vauzelle (PS) (since 1998) Population - 2004 estimate - 1999 census - Density (Ranked 3rd) 4,666,000 4,506,151 149/kmÂ² (2004) Arrondissements 18 Cantons 237 Communes 963 DÃ©partements Alpes-de-Haute-Provence Alpes-Maritimes Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne Hautes-Alpes... France is divided into 26 rÃ©gions: 21 of these are in the continental part of metropolitan France, one is Corse on the island of Corsica (although strictly speaking Corse is in fact a territorial collectivity, not a rÃ©gion, but is referred to as a rÃ©gion in common... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the capital city of a dÃ©partement. ... Var is a dÃ©partement of southern France. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France and many former French colonies, roughly analogous to English counties. ... The Kingdom of France was organized into provinces until March 4, 1790, when the establishment of the dÃ©partement system superseded provinces. ... Coat of arms of Provence Provence (ProvenÃ§al Occitan: ProvenÃ§a in classical norm or ProuvÃ¨nÃ§o in Mistralian norm) was a Roman province and now is a region of southeastern France on the Mediterranean Sea adjacent to Italy. ...

The population of the city (commune) at the 2004 estimate was 168,639 inhabitants. The population of the whole metropolitan area (in French: aire urbaine) at the 2007 estimate was 608,189 inhabitants. The commune is the lowest level of administrative division in the French Republic. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In France an aire urbaine (literally: urban area) is roughly the equivalent of a US Metropolitan Statistical Area. ...

Toulon is an important centre for naval constructions, fishing, wine making, and the manufacture of aeronautical equipment, armaments, maps, paper, tobacco, printing, shoes and electronic equipment.

History

In ancient times the area of Toulon was colonized by the Ligures, and was called Telo Martius by the Romans after their colonization. They had a naval signal station on the gulf shores. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire it was frequently attacked by Saracen pirates. The Ligures (Ligurians) were an ancient people who gave their name to Liguria, which once stretched from Northern Italy into southern Gaul. ... Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a small agricultural community founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... Motto Senatus Populusque Romanus The Western Roman Empire in 395. ... In older Western historical literature, the Saracens were the people of the Saracen Empire, another name for the Arab Caliphate under the rule of the Umayyad and Abbasid dynasties. ...

At the time of King Charles VIII of France it became a site of naval constructions, starting also its traditional military role. Charles VIII the Affable (French: Charles VIII lAffable) (June 30, 1470 â€“ April 7, 1498) was King of France from 1483 to his death. ...

Toulon was used as an Ottoman naval base under admiral Barbarossa during the winter of 1543-1544. To facilitate the Turkish crews, the Christian population had been evacuated. Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha Barbarossa Hayreddin Pasha (Turkish: Barbaros Hayreddin PaÅŸa or HÄ±zÄ±r Hayreddin PaÅŸa; also HÄ±zÄ±r Reis before being promoted to the rank of Pasha and becoming the Kaptan-Ä± Derya (Fleet Admiral) of the Ottoman Navy) (c. ... // Events February 21 - Battle of Wayna Daga - A combined army of Ethiopian and Portuguese troops defeat the armies of Adal led by Ahmed Gragn. ... Events April 11 - Battle of Ceresole - French forces under the Comte dEnghien defeat Imperial forces under the Marques Del Vasto near Turin. ...

The military harbour was later fortified by Cardinal Richelieu, Jean-Baptiste Colbert and Sébastien Le Prestre de Vauban. It witnessed the naval Battle of Toulon (1707), part of the War of Spanish Succession, and the Battle of Toulon (1744). Cardinal Richelieu was the French chief minister from 1624 until his death. ... Jean-Baptiste Colbert Jean-Baptiste Colbert (August 29, 1619 â€“ September 6, 1683) served as the French minister of finance from 1665 to 1683 under the rule of King Louis XIV. He achieved a reputation for his work of improving the state of French manufacturing and bringing the economy back from... Vauban designed this pentagonal fortress to withstand sieges. ... Combatants Britain Austria United Provinces Savoy France Spain Commanders Victor Amadeus II of Savoy Prince Eugene of Savoy RenÃ© de Froulay de TessÃ© Strength 35,000 15,000 Casualties 10,000 dead or wounded Unknown The Battle of Toulon took place in 1707 in the War of the Spanish Succession. ... Charles II was the last Habsburg King of Spain. ... The naval Battle of Toulon or Battle of Cape SiciÃ© took place on 22 and 23 February 1744 (New Style) between 1:30 pm and 5:00 pm in the Mediterranean Sea off the coast of Toulon, France. ...

Napoleon Bonaparte rose to fame after his decisive role at the Siege of Toulon in 1793. Bonaparte as general Napoleon Bonaparte ( 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a general of the French Revolution and was the ruler of France as First Consul (Premier Consul) of the French Republic from November 11, 1799 to May 18, 1804, then as Emperor of the French (Empereur des... The Battle of Toulon took place in 1793. ...

After the Allied landings in North Africa (Operation Torch) the German Army occupied southern France (Case Anton), leading to the scuttling of the French Fleet at Toulon 27 November 1942. In general, allies are people or groups that have joined an alliance and are working together to achieve some common purpose. ... North Africa is the Mediterranean, northernmost region of the African continent, separated by the Sahara from Sub-Saharan Africa. ... Combatants United States United Kingdom Free French Forces Vichy France Commanders Dwight Eisenhower Andrew Cunningham FranÃ§ois Darlan Strength 73,500 60,000 Casualties 479+ dead 720 wounded 1,346+ dead 1,997 wounded Operation Torch (initially called Operation Gymnast) was the British-American invasion of French North Africa in... Case (or operation) Anton was the code-name for the Nazi-German occupation of Vichy France during World War II. Anton was invoked at Hitlers order after the allied landings in French Morocco (Operation Torch) in November 1942. ... Combatants Vichy France Germany Commanders Jean de Laborde AndrÃ© Marquis Johannes Blaskowitz Casualties whole fleet scuttled ; 12 killed ; 26 wounded. ...

Today, Toulon is the major naval centre on France's Mediterranean coast home of the French Navy airplane carrier Charles De Gaulle and her battle group. The French Mediterranean Fleet is based in Toulon. The multinational Combined Task Force One Five Zero (CTF-150) The British Grand Fleet, the supreme naval force of World War I A rare occurrence of a 5-country multinational fleet, during Operation Enduring Freedom in the Oman Sea. ... Charles de Gaulle (R91) is the only serving French aircraft carrier and is the flagship of the French Navy (Marine Nationale). ... The French Mediterranean Fleet is one of the two major forces of the French Navy. ...

This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ... This image depicts a seal, an emblem, a coat of arms or a crest. ...

Ecclesiastical history

The legend which states that a certain Cleon, who accompanied St. Lazarus to Gaul, was the founder of the Church of Toulon, is based on an apocryphal document composed in the fourteenth century and ascribed to a sixth-century bishop named Didier. Lazarus raised from the grave by Jesus, painting by the Swedish artist Karl Isakson (c. ... In Judeo-Christian theologies, apocrypha refers to religious Sacred text that have questionable authenticity or are otherwise disputed. ...

Honoratus and Gratianus, according to the "Gallia Christiana", were the first bishops of Toulon whose names are known to history, but Duchesne gives Augustalis as the first historical bishop. He assisted at councils in 441 and 442 and signed in 449 and 450 the letters addressed to Pope Leo I from the province of Arles. Saint Honoratus (c. ... For the 12th century canon lawyer, see Gratian (jurist). ... Pope Leo I was a Roman aristocrat who was Pope from 440 to 461. ...

A Saint Cyprian, disciple and biographer of St. Cæsarius of Arles, is also mentioned as a Bishop of Toulon. His episcopate, begun in 524, had not come to an end in 541; he converted to Catholicism two Visigothic chiefs, Mandrier and Flavian, who became anchorites and martyrs on the peninsula of Mandrier. Saint Cyprian of Toulon (Cyprianus Tolonensis) (476 - October 3, 546) was bishop of Toulon during the 6th century. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Events Childebert I annexes Orléans and Chartres after the death of Chlodomer. ... Migrations The Visigoths (Western Goths) were one of two main branches of the Goths, an East Germanic tribe (the Ostrogoths being the other). ... Anchorite (male)/anchoress (female), from the Greek anachÅreÅ, signifying to withdraw, to depart into the country outside the circumvallated city, denotes someone â€“ prominently in earlier Christian and medieval times â€“ who for religious reasons withdraws from the secular society and leads an intensely prayer-oriented and, circumstances permitting, Mass-focused...

Main sights

Much of the historical town was destroyed during World War II. Site remainings include: Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki TÅjÅ Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000...

The CathÃ©drale Notre-Dame-de-la-SÃ¨de de Toulon, also called CathÃ©drale Sainte-Marie-Majeure, is an Catholic cathedral dedicated to Mary, mother of Jesus, in Toulon. ...

Culture

Toulon is home to the largest High School of France (Lycée Dumont D'Urville) and the largest opera house after Paris.

Literary

Toulon figures prominently in Victor Hugo's Les Misérables. It is the location of the infamous prison in which the protagonist Jean Valjean spends 19 years in hard labour. Toulon is also the birthplace of the novel's antagonist, Javert, and the place where Valjean and Javert first meet. Victor-Marie Hugo (pronounced in French) (26 February 1802 â€” 22 May 1885) was a French poet, novelist, playwright, essayist, visual artist, statesman, human rights campaigner, and perhaps the most influential exponent of the Romantic movement in France. ... Les MisÃ©rables (translated variously from French as The Miserable Ones, The Wretched, The Poor Ones, The Wretched Poor, The Victims) (1862) is a novel by French author Victor Hugo, and among the best-known novels of the 19th century. ...

Gastronomy

Sport

The region is famous for being the host of the finals of the annual Toulon Tournament - a football tournament of under 20 national players from around the whole world. The city's top football club is Sporting Toulon Var, currently playing in the third level of French Football (Championnat National). Famous players such as David Ginola, Delio Onis, Jean Tigana, Christian Dalger or more recently Sebastien Squillacci formerly played for Sporting. Look up Football in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Sporting Toulon Var is a soccer club from Toulon, France, who currently play in the French third division (the Championnat National). ... The Championnat de France National (also called Division 3) is the third highest division in French football , one division below Ligue 2, one above the Championnat de France Amateurs. ...

The region is home to rugby union club RC Toulon, currently playing in Rugby Pro D2 at the Stade Mayol and Hyères-Toulon Var Basket, playing at the top of the Pro A. RC Toulonnais is a French rugby union team that currently take part in Rugby Pro D2, the second level of the countrys professional league system. ... Rugby Pro D2, also known as Pro D2 is the second level of domestic club rugby union in France, below the first division, Top 14. ...

Events

culturals

Sports

Famous people

Jean Joseph Marie Amiot (1718 - 1793), a French Jesuit missionary, was born at Toulon in February 1718. ... Seal of the Society of Jesus. ... Capucine (6 January 1931 â€“ 17 March 1990) was a French actress. ... Actors in period costume sharing a joke whilst waiting between takes during location filming. ... FÃ©lix Mayol (November 18, 1872 - November 1, 1941) was a French singer and entertainer. ... Raimu was the stage name for the French actor Jules Auguste Muraire (December 17, 1883 - September 20, 1946). ... Gilbert BÃ©caud Gilbert BÃ©caud (October 24, 1927 â€“ December 18, 2001) was a French singer, composer and actor, known as Monsieur 100,000 Volts for his energetic performances. ... Mireille Darc is a French model and actress born in Toulon, France in 1938. ...

Twin cities

Image File history File links Flag_of_Italy. ... La Spezia (SpÃ¨sa in the local dialect of Ligurian) is a city in the Liguria region of northern Italy, at the head of La Spezia Gulf, and capital city of the province of La Spezia. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Mannheim is a city in Germany. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Motto: Crescas (Latin for, Thou shalt grow. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Russia. ... 1888 map of Kronstadt bay Kronstadt (Russian: ), or Kronshtadt, Cronstadt, is a strongly fortified Russian seaport town, located on Kotlin Island, near the head of the Gulf of Finland, at , . It lies thirty kilometers west of Saint Petersburg, of which it is the chief port. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Morocco. ... Khemisset is a city in Morocco, population 105,088 (2004 census). ... Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

External links

Préfectures of Départements of France

Bourg-en-Bresse (Ain) • Laon (Aisne) • Moulins (Allier) • Digne-les-Bains (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence) • Gap (Hautes-Alpes) • Nice (Alpes-Maritimes) • Privas (Ardeche) • Charleville-Mézières (Ardennes) • Foix (Ariège) • Troyes (Aube) • Carcassonne (Aude) • Rodez (Aveyron) • Marseille (Bouches-du-Rhône) • Caen (Calvados) • Aurillac (Cantal) • Angoulême (Charente) • La Rochelle (Charente-Maritime) • Bourges (Cher) • Tulle (Corrèze) • Ajaccio (corse-du-Sud) • Bastia (Haute-Corse) • Dijon (Côte-d'Or) • Saint-Brieuc (Côtes-d'Armor) • Guéret (Creuse) • Périgueux (Dordogne) • Besançon (Doubs) • Valence (Drôme) • Évreux (Eure) • Chartres (Eure-et-Loir) • Quimper (Finistère) • Nîmes (Gard) • Toulouse (Haute-Garonne) • Auch (Gers) • Bordeaux (Gironde) • Montpellier (Hérault) • Rennes (Ille-et-Vilaine) • Châteauroux (Indre) • Tours (Indre-et-Loire) • Grenoble (Isère) • Lons-le-Saunier (Jura) • Mont-de-Marsan (Landes) • Blois (Loir-et-Cher) • Saint-Étienne (Loire) • Le Puy-en-Velay (Haute-Loire) • Nantes (Loire-Atlantique) - Orléans (Loiret) • Cahors (Lot) • Agen (Lot-et-Garonne) • Mende (Lozère) • Angers (Maine-et-Loire) • Saint-Lô (Manche) • Châlons-en-Champagne (Marne) • Chaumont (Haute-Marne) - Laval (Mayenne) • Nancy (Meurthe-et-Moselle) • Bar-le-Duc (Meuse) • Vannes (Morbihan) • Metz (Moselle) • Nevers (Nièvre) • Lille (Nord) • Beauvais (Oise) • Alençon (Orne) • Calais (Pas-de-Calais) • Clermont-Ferrand (Puy-de-Dôme) • Pau (Pyrénées-Atlantiques) • Tarbes (Hautes-Pyrénées) • Perpignan (Pyrénées-Orientales) • Strasbourg (Bas-Rhin) • Colmar (Haut-Rhin) • Lyon (Rhône) • Vesoul (Haute-Saône) • Mâcon (Saône-et-Loire) • Le Mans (Sarthe) • Chambéry (Savoie) • Annecy (Haute-Savoie) • Paris (Paris) • Rouen (Seine-Maritime) • Melun (Seine-et-Marne) • Versailles (Yvelines) • Niort (Deux-Sèvres) • Amiens (Somme) • Albi (Tarn) • Montauban (Tarn-et-Garonne) • Toulon (Var) • Avignon (Vaucluse) • La Roche-sur-Yon (Vendée) • Poitiers (Vienne) • Limoges (Haute-Vienne) • Épinal (Vosges) • Auxerre (Yonne) • Belfort (Territoire de Belfort) - Évry (Essonne) - Nanterre (Hauts-de-Seine) • Bobigny (Seine-Saint-Denis) • Créteil (Val-de-Marne) • Cergy (Val-d'Oise)

Overseas departments
Cayenne (French Guiana) • Basse-Terre (Guadeloupe) • Fort-de-France (Martinique) • Saint-Denis (Réunion) A Webzine is an ezine hosted on the World Wide Web rather than in print. ... Satire is a literary technique of writing or art which principally ridicules its subject (individuals, organizations, states) often as an intended means of provoking or preventing change. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... In France, a prÃ©fecture is the administrative town of a dÃ©partement. ... The dÃ©partements (or departments) are administrative units of France, roughly analogous to British counties and are now grouped into 22 metropolitan and four overseas rÃ©gions. ... Bourg-en-Bresse is a city in eastern France, préfecture (capital) of the Ain département, and was capital of the former province of Bresse. ... PrÃ©fecture building of the Ain dÃ©partement, in Bourg-en-Bresse Ain is a dÃ©partement named after the Ain River on the eastern edge of France bordering Switzerland. ... Laon is a city and commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Aisne dÃ©partement. ... Aisne is a department in the northern part of France named after the Aisne River. ... Moulins is a city and commune in central France, préfecture (capital) of the Allier département. ... Allier is a dÃ©partement in south-central France named after the Allier River. ... Digne-les-Bains or simply Digne is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence département. ... Alpes_de_Haute_Provence is a French département in the south of France, it was formerly part of the province of Provence. ... View overlooking the town of Gap. ... Hautes-Alpes is a dÃ©partement in southeastern France named after the Alps mountain range. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Alpes_Maritimes is a département in the extreme southeast corner of France. ... Privas is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Ardèche département. ... Ard che is a d partement in south-central France named after the Ard che River. ... Charleville-MÃ©ziÃ¨res is a town and commune in northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Ardennes dÃ©partement which is itself part of the Champagne-Ardenne rÃ©gion. ... The Ardennes (IPA pronunciation: ) (Dutch: Ardennen) is a volcanic region of extensive forests and rolling hill country, primarily in Belgium and Luxembourg, but stretching into France (lending its name to the Ardennes dÃ©partement and the Champagne-Ardenne rÃ©gion). ... ChÃ¢teau des Comtes de Foix Foix river Foix is a small town and commune, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the AriÃ¨ge dÃ©partement in France. ... AriÃ¨ge is a dÃ©partement in southwestern France named after the AriÃ¨ge River. ... City flag City coat of arms A street in Troyes. ... Aube is a dÃ©partement in the northeastern part of France named after the Aube River. ... Carcassonne (Carcassona in Occitan) is a fortified French town, in the Aude dÃ©partement of which it is the prÃ©fecture, in the former province of Languedoc. ... Aude (Occitan: Aude) is a department in south-central France named after the Aude River. ... Rodez is a city in southern France in département of Aveyron. ... Aveyron (Occitan: Avairon) is a department in southern France named after the Aveyron River. ... City flag Coat of arms Motto: By her great deeds, the city of Massilia shines Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur Department Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne (13) Subdivisions 16 arrondissements (in 8 secteurs) Intercommunality Urban Community of Marseille Provence M... Bouches-du-RhÃ´ne is a dÃ©partement in the south of France named after the mouth of the RhÃ´ne River. ... Caen (pronounced /kÉ‘Ìƒ/) is a commune of northwestern France. ... For the apple brandy produced in the region, see Calvados (spirit). ... Aurillac is a town and commune in the Auvergne région of France, préfecture (capital) of the Cantal département, at 44° 55′ 44″ N 2° 26′ 38″ E. Population (1999) 30,551. ... For the cheese, see Cantal. ... AngoulÃªme is a town and commune in southwestern France, prÃ©fecture (capital city) of the Charente dÃ©partement. ... Charente is a dÃ©partement in central France named after the Charente River. ... La Rochelle is a city and commune of western France, and a seaport on the Atlantic Ocean (population 78,000 in 2004). ... Charente-Maritime is a dÃ©partement on the west coast of France named after the Charente River. ... Bourges is a town and commune in central France that is located on the YÃ¨vre river. ... Cher is a dÃ©partement in the center of France. ... Tulle is a netting, which is often starched, made of various fibers, including silk, nylon, and rayon, that is often used for veils or gowns. ... CorrÃ¨ze is a dÃ©partement in the center of France, named after the CorrÃ¨ze River. ... Ajaccio (IPA: , Latin: ; French: ; Corsican: ), is a town of France. ... Corse-du-Sud is a French dÃ©partement. ... Location within France Bastia (French & Corsican: Bastia), is a town and commune of northern Corsica, in France. ... Haute-Corse is a French dÃ©partement. ... Dijon ( , IPA: ) is a city in eastern France, the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital) of the CÃ´te-dOr dÃ©partement and of the Bourgogne rÃ©gion. ... For other uses, see CÃ´te dOr (disambiguation). ... Saint-Brieuc (Breton: Sant-Brieg) is a commune France, situated in CÃ´tes-dArmor and in the Brittany rÃ©gion. ... CÃ´tes-dArmor (French) / AodoÃ¹-an-Arvor (Breton) is a dÃ©partement in the north of Brittany, in northwestern France. ... GuÃ©ret is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Creuse dÃ©partement. ... Creuse is a dÃ©partement in central France named after the Creuse River. ... PÃ©rigueux ( (helpÂ· info)) is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Dordogne dÃ©partement and capital of the PÃ©rigord area. ... Dordogne (Occitan: Dordonha) is a department in central France named after the Dordogne River. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Utinam (Latin: If God wills) Citadel Vauban of BesanÃ§on Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Franche-ComtÃ© Department Doubs (25) Intercommunality Grand BesanÃ§on Mayor Jean-Louis Fousseret (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 65. ... Doubs is a dÃ©partement in eastern France named after the Doubs River. ... Valence is a commune in south-eastern France, the capital of the dÃ©partement of DrÃ´me, situated on the left bank of the RhÃ´ne, 65 miles south of Lyon on the railway to Marseille. ... DrÃ´me is a dÃ©partement in southeastern France named after the DrÃ´me River. ... Ã‰vreux is a commune of Normandy, France, in the Eure dÃ©partement, of which it is the prÃ©fecture (capital). ... Eure is a dÃ©partement in the north of France named after the Eure River. ... Chartres is a town and commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Eure-et-Loir dÃ©partement. ... Eure-et-Loir is a French département, named after the Eure and Loir rivers. ... Quimper (Kemper in Breton, Corspotium in Latin) is a commune of Brittany in northwestern France. ... FinistÃ¨re (Penn-ar-Bed in Breton) is a dÃ©partement of France, located in Brittany (Bretagne in French). ... NÃ®mes (ProvenÃ§al Occitan: Nimes in both classical and Mistralian norms) is a city and commune of southern France. ... Gard (Occitan: Gard) is a department located in southern France in the Languedoc-Roussillon region. ... New city flag (Occitan cross) Traditional coat of arms Motto: (Occitan: For Toulouse, always more) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Midi-PyrÃ©nÃ©es Department Haute-Garonne (31) Intercommunality Community of Agglomeration of Greater Toulouse Mayor Jean-Luc Moudenc (UMP) (since 2004) City Statistics Land... Haute-Garonne is a département in the southwest of France named after the Garonne river. ... Auch is a town and commune in southwestern France. ... Gers is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Gers River. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Gironde is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Gironde Estuary. ... Montpellier (Occitan MontpelhiÃ¨r) is a city in the south of France. ... This article is about the French department. ... Some medieval houses, such as these at Champ-Jacquet, can still be found in the center of Rennes. ... Ille-et-Vilaine is a dÃ©partement of France, located in Brittany (Bretagne in French) in the northwest corner of France. ... ChÃ¢teauroux is a commune of central France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Indre dÃ©partement. ... Indre is a dÃ©partement in the center of France named after the Indre River. ... Tours is a city in France, the prÃ©fecture (capital city) of the Indre-et-Loire dÃ©partement, on the lower reaches of the river Loire, between OrlÃ©ans and the Atlantic coast. ... Indre-et-Loire is a dÃ©partement in west-central France named after the Indre and the Loire rivers. ... Grenoble (Arpitan: GrasanÃ²bol) is a city and commune in south-east France situated at the foot of the Alps where the Drac joins the IsÃ¨re River. ... IsÃ¨re is a dÃ©partement in the east of France named after the IsÃ¨re River. ... Lons-le-Saunier is a commune of France, préfecture (capital) of the Jura département. ... Jura is a department in the east of France named after the Jura mountains (not be confused with the Swiss canton of Jura). ... Mont-de-Marsan is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Landes dÃ©partement. ... Landes (Occitan: Lanas) is a dÃ©partement in southern France. ... Blois is a city in France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) city of the Loir-et-Cher dÃ©partement, situated on the banks of the lower river Loire between OrlÃ©ans and Tours. ... Loir-et-Cher is a dÃ©partement in north-central France named after its two principal rivers. ... Coat of arms Motto: Franco-ProvenÃ§al: Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region RhÃ´ne-Alpes Department Loire (42) Canton Chief town of 9 cantons Intercommunality CommunautÃ© dagglomÃ©ration Saint-Ã‰tienne MÃ©tropole Mayor Michel ThiolliÃ¨re (UMP) (since 2001) Statistics Altitude 422 mâ€“1... This article is about the French department. ... Saint Michel dAiguilhe Chapel Le Puy-en-Velay (Lo PuÃ¨i de Velai in the Auvergnat dialect of the Occitan language, pronounced [lu/lÉ™ ËˆpÅ“j dÉ™ ËˆvÉ™laj]) is a commune of south-central France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Haute-Loire dÃ©partement. ... Haute-Loire is a département in south-central France named after the Loire River. ... Traditional city flag City coat of arms Motto: Favet Neptunus eunti (Latin: Shall Neptune favour the traveller) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Pays de la Loire Department Loire-Atlantique (44) Mayor Jean-Marc Ayrault (PS) (since 1989) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 65. ... Loire-Atlantique (formerly Loire-InfÃ©rieure) is a department on the west coast of France named after the Loire River and the Atlantic Ocean. ... OrlÃ©ans (Latin, meaning golden) is a city and commune in north-central France, about 130 km (80 miles) southwest of Paris. ... Loiret is a dÃ©partement in north-central France named after the Loiret River. ... Cahors is a town in Western France in the Lot département. ... Lot is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France named after the Lot River. ... For the Agen meteorite of 1814, see Meteorite falls. ... Lot-et-Garonne is a département in the southwest of France named after the Lot and Garonne rivers. ... Mende is a commune of France, in the LozÃ¨re dÃ©partement, of which it is the prÃ©fecture (capital). ... LozÃ¨re (in Occitan Losera), is a department in southeast France near the Massif Central. ... Maison dAdam, House of Adam, the oldest house of Angers. ... Maine-et-Loire is a dÃ©partement in west-central France. ... Saint-LÃ´ is a town and commune of France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Manche dÃ©partement, in Normandy. ... Manche is a French dÃ©partement in Normandy named after La Manche (the sleeve), which is the French name of the English Channel. ... ChÃ¢lons-en-Champagne is a city and commune in France. ... Marne is a department in north-eastern France named after the Marne River which flows through the department. ... Chaumont is the name or part of the name of several communes in [[France], as well as a town in New York Chaumont, Cher, in the Cher dÃ©partement Chaumont, Haute-Marne, in the Haute-Marne dÃ©partement Chaumont, Orne, in the Orne dÃ©partement Chaumont, Haute-Savoie, in the... Haute-Marne is a dÃ©partement in the northeast of France named after the Marne River. ... Laval is a commune in the Mayenne dÃ©partement of France. ... Mayenne is a dÃ©partement in northwest France named after the Mayenne River. ... Nancy (IPA pronounciation ; archaic German: ; Luxembourgish: Nanzeg) is a city and commune in the Lorraine rÃ©gion of northeastern France. ... Meurthe-et-Moselle is a département in the northeast of France named after the Meurthe and Moselle rivers. ... Bar-le-Duc is a town in northeastern France, in the Meuse département, of which it is the préfecture (capital). ... Meuse is a dÃ©partement in northeast France, named after the Meuse River. ... In the old city centre Harbour to cathedral Vannes (Breton: Gwened) is a town and commune located in the Morbihan dÃ©partement, in Brittany, in the west of France. ... Morbihan is a dÃ©partement in the northwest of France named after the Morbihan (small sea in Breton), the enclosed sea that is the principal feature of the coastline. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Si paix dedans, paix dehors (French: If peace inside, peace outside) Cathedral St. ... Moselle is a dÃ©partement in the northeast of France named after the Moselle River. ... Palais Ducal Nevers is a commune of central France, the prÃ©fecture (capital) of the NiÃ¨vre dÃ©partement, in the former province of Nivernais. ... NiÃ¨vre is a dÃ©partement in the center of France named after the NiÃ¨vre River. ... New city flag Traditional coat of arms Motto: â€“ Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Nord-Pas de Calais Department Nord (59) Intercommunality Urban Community of Lille MÃ©tropole Mayor Martine Aubry (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 39. ... Nord may refer to: Places: Nord (dÃ©partement), in France Nord, Greenland Nord Region, Burkina Faso Nord Department, Haiti 6th SS Mountain Division Nord - WaffenSS division in WW2 Note: Nord means North in German, French, Swedish, Danish, Catalan and Norwegian. ... Beauvais is a town and commune of northern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Oise dÃ©partement. ... Oise is a dÃ©partement in the north of France named after the Oise River. ... AlenÃ§on is a town in Normandy, France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Orne dÃ©partement. ... Orne is a department in the northwest of France named after the Orne River. ... Calais (Kales in Dutch) is a town in northern France, located at 50Â°57N 1Â°52E. It is in the dÃ©partement of Pas-de-Calais, of which it is a sous-prÃ©fecture. ... Pas-de-Calais is a département in northern France named after the strait which it borders. ... Clermont-Ferrand is a city of France, in the Auvergne region, with a population of approximately 140,000. ... Building of the Conseil GÃ©nÃ©ral of the Puy-de-DÃ´me dÃ©partement, in Clermont-Ferrand Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Puy-de-DÃ´me Puy-de-DÃ´me is a dÃ©partement. ... Aquitaine Region flag Coat of arms The location of Pau is shown on this map of the historical and cultural area of Gascony. ... PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Atlantiques (Gascon: PirenÃ¨us-Atlantics; Basque: Pirinio-Atlantiarrak or Pirinio-Atlantikoak) is a dÃ©partement in the southwest of France which takes its name from the Pyrenees mountains and the Atlantic Ocean. ... Location within France Tarbes is a French town and commune, in the dÃ©partement of Hautes-PyrÃ©nÃ©es, of which it is the prÃ©fecture. ... Hautes-PyrÃ©nÃ©es is a dÃ©partement in southwestern France. ... Perpignan (French: Perpignan, pronounced ; Catalan PerpinyÃ , pronounced ) is a commune and the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital city) of the PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Orientales dÃ©partement in southern France. ... PyrÃ©nÃ©es-Orientales (English: , Catalan: , Occitan: ) is a department of southern France adjacent to the northern Spanish frontier and the Mediterranean Sea. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region Alsace Department Bas-Rhin (67) Intercommunality Urban Community of Strasbourg Mayor Fabienne Keller (UMP) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 78. ... History The département was created on March 4, 1790, during the French Revolution. ... Petite Venise Colmar is a town and commune in the Haut-Rhin dÃ©partement of Alsace, France. ... Haut-Rhin is a French département, named after the Rhine river. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: (Franco-ProvenÃ§al: Forward, forward, Lyon the best) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country Region RhÃ´ne-Alpes Department RhÃ´ne (69) Subdivisions 9 arrondissements Intercommunality Urban Community of Lyon Mayor GÃ©rard Collomb (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land... RhÃ´ne is a French dÃ©partement located in the central Eastern rÃ©gion of RhÃ´ne-Alpes. ... Vesoul is a French city and commune located in the Haute-Saône département. ... Haute-SaÃ´ne (HiÃ´ta-Sona in Arpitan language) is a French department of the Franche-ComtÃ© (Franche-ComtÃ¢t) rÃ©gion, named after the SaÃ´ne River. ... MÃ¢con is a commune of France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the SaÃ´ne-et-Loire dÃ©partement, in the Bourgogne rÃ©gion. ... SaÃ´ne-et-Loire is a French dÃ©partement, named after the SaÃ´ne and the Loire rivers between which it lies. ... Le Mans is a city in France, located at the Sarthe River. ... The ChÃ¢teau de Boisclaireau, residence of the Gueroust family, Counts of Boisclaireau, in Sarthe. ... ChambÃ©ry is the capital of the department of Savoie, France. ... Savoie is a French dÃ©partement located in the Alps. ... City flag Coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region RhÃ´ne-Alpes Department Haute-Savoie (prÃ©fecture) Arrondissement Annecy Canton Chief town of 3 cantons Intercommunality CommunautÃ© de lagglomÃ©ration dAnnecy Mayor Jean-Luc Rigaut (UDF) (since January 15, 2007) Statistics... Haute-Savoie is a French département, named after the Alps mountain range. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) The Eiffel Tower in Paris, as seen from the esplanade du TrocadÃ©ro. ... Rouen (pronounced in French, sometimes also ) is the historical capital city of Normandy, in northwestern France on the River Seine, and currently the capital of the Haute-Normandie (Upper Normandy) rÃ©gion. ... Seine-Maritime is a French département in Normandy. ... Melun is a French city and commune on the river Seine, about 50 km south-southeast of Paris. ... Seine-et-Marne is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Seine and the Marne rivers, and located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Versailles (pronounced in French), formerly de facto capital of the kingdom of France, is now a wealthy suburb of Paris and is still an important administrative and judicial center. ... Yvelines is a French dÃ©partement in the rÃ©gion of ÃŽle-de-France. ... Niort is a commune of western France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Deux-SÃ¨vres dÃ©partement. ... Deux-SÃ¨vres is a French dÃ©partement. ... Amiens is a city and commune in the north of France, 120 km north of Paris. ... Somme is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Somme River, located in the north of France. ... Albi is a town and commune in southern France. ... For other uses, see Tarn (disambiguation). ... Montauban (Montalban in Occitan) is a town and commune of southwestern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Tarn-et-Garonne dÃ©partement, 31 miles north of Toulouse. ... Tarn-et-Garonne is a French dÃ©partement in the southwest of France. ... Var is a dÃ©partement of southeastern France. ... City flag City coat of arms Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France RÃ©gion Provence-Alpes-CÃ´te dAzur DÃ©partement Vaucluse (prÃ©fecture) Arrondissement Avignon Canton Chief town of 4 cantons Intercommunality CommunautÃ© dagglomÃ©ration du Grand Avignon Mayor Marie-JosÃ©e Roig... The Vaucluse is a dÃ©partement in the southeast of France. ... La Roche-sur-Yon is a town and commune in western France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the VendÃ©e dÃ©partement. ... VendÃ©e is a dÃ©partement in west central France, on the Atlantics Bay of Biscay. ... Location within France Poitiers (population 85,000) is a small city located in west central France. ... This article is about the French dÃ©partement. ... This article is about the French commune. ... Haute-Vienne is a French dÃ©partement named after the Vienne River. ... Ã‰pinal is a commune of northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Vosges dÃ©partement. ... Vosges is a French department, named after the Vosges mountain range. ... Coordinates Administration Country France Region Bourgogne Department Yonne (Prefecture) Arrondissement Auxerre Canton Chief town of 5 cantons Intercommunality CommunautÃ© de Communes de lAuxerrois Mayor Guy Ferez (2001-2008) Statistics Altitude 93 mâ€“217 m (avg. ... Yonne is a French dÃ©partement named after the Yonne River. ... Belfort is a town and commune of northeastern France, prÃ©fecture (capital) of the Territoire de Belfort dÃ©partement in the Franche-ComtÃ© rÃ©gion. ... The Territoire de Belfort is a département in the Franche-Comté région of eastern France. ... Ã‰vry is a commune in the southern suburbs of Paris, France. ... Essonne is a French department in the region of ÃŽle-de-France. ... Nanterre is a French city, a suburb of Paris, and the prefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine dÃ©partement. ... Hauts-de-Seine is a département in France. ... Bobigny is a town and commune of France, in the suburbs is of Paris, chief town of the arrondissement of the Seine-Saint-Denis. ... Seine-Saint-Denis is a French dÃ©partement located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... CrÃ©teil is a commune in the southeastern suburbs of Paris, France. ... Val-de-Marne is a French dÃ©partement, named after the Marne River, located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Cergy is a suburban commune of the Val-dOise département, in suburban Paris in France. ... Val-dOise is a French dÃ©partement named after the Oise River, located in the ÃŽle-de-France rÃ©gion. ... Under the 1946 Constitution of the Fourth Republic, the French colonies of Guadeloupe, Martinique and French Guiana in the Caribbean and RÃ©union in the Indian Ocean became dÃ©partements doutre-mer (in English Overseas Departments) or DOMs. ... Cayenne is the capital of the French overseas rÃ©gion of French Guiana. ... Basse-Terre Island (top) from space, September 1994 Basse-Terre is the name of the western of the two largest islands of Guadeloupe. ... Fort-de-France is the capital of Frances Caribbean département doutre-mer of Martinique. ... Saint-Denis de la RÃ©union, (or just Saint-Denis or St-Denis for short) is the prÃ©fecture (administrative capital) of the French overseas dÃ©partement RÃ©union. ...

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