|
The following are current and former trains in the Netherlands. In rail transport, a train consists of a single or several connected rail vehicles that are capable of being moved together along a guideway to transport freight or passengers from one place to another along a planned route. ...
Types of trains Steam locomotives - Arend: (Dutch for Eagle) was the first train in the Netherlands and pulled the first train between Amsterdam and Haarlem in 1839.
Diesel locomotives In use
Dutch Railways 6400 Class diesel locomotive at Amersfoort station - 700 Class: A new type of shunter locomotive
- 6400 Class: A locomotive used for both shunting and pulling trains, often in combinations of two or three locomotives. Some are permitted to operate in Belgium (called "Vlaamse Reuzen") and some in Germany (called "Duitse Herders")
- 6700 Class: Former Belgian locomotive in use by ACTS.
- Class 66: British locomotives
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 5082 KB) Dutch Railways 6400 Class diesel shunter at Amersfoort File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands NS 6400 Class Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 5082 KB) Dutch Railways 6400 Class diesel shunter at Amersfoort File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands NS 6400 Class Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner...
6400 Class, no. ...
6400 Class, no. ...
Class 66 66108 at Didcot on 23 August 2004. ...
Not in use anymore - 100 Class: The "oersik" was designed by the NS Service of Rolling Stock and Workshops and built by Berliner Machinenbau A.G. Due to the broad and low mounted footboards the enginedriver could easily mount and dismount.
- 200 Class: "Sik". A light shunting locomotive. Some Sikken had a crane.
- 400 Class: "Grote Sik" locomotives were not in service for long as they were too light for steadily increasing weight of the shunting duties. They were built after War by Werkspoor
- 500 Class and 600 Class: nicknamed "Hippel" or "Bakkie". These are shunting locomotive currently not in use with the NS any more a few tho are sold to other companies.
- 2000 Class: These locomotives were bought from the American Army after World War 2 and came into service as series 600. 20 locomotives were in use, some of them were reserve. After a few years the American engines were replaced by Werkspoor-Engines due to a lack of spareparts. The series was then renumbered to 2000. Between 1958-1960 they were scrapped.
- 2200 Class: Widely used diesel locomotive. Later some were used in Belgium for the construction of the high-speed connection between Netherlands and Belgium.
- 2400 Class: Widely used diesel locomotive. Later some were used in France for the construction of the high-speed lines. A special version of this locomotive exists called "De Bisschop" (2530). This diesel loc has, as experiment, a higher constructed cab. Because of the purple colour it is nicknamed "The Bishop".
- 2600 Class: The NS series 2600 "Beel" diesel locomotives were mainly used on the line Eindhoven - Venlo and later on Nijmegen - Roermond as well. These locomotives were plagued by failures, which led to using them in couples. In case of failure of the first the second could take over. Their nickname "Beel" was given because the high front of them resembled the then Dutch minister Beel. After being in service for only 5 years they were demolished. They were built by Werkspoor in Utrecht in 1958.
- 2800 Class: "Kreupele Marie" (Dutch for "Crippled Marie"). This prototype diesel locomotive, no. 2801, was designed by Matériel de Traction Diesel Electrique (MTDE). This firm was established by the Dutch Werkspoor and French Schneiderworks with the purpose of designing and building standardised diesel lokomotives. In 1962 the prototype came into NS service and was well-known for its defects; hence it was given its nick name. Therefore this elegant locomotive was not long in service either. It was withdrawn in 1970. It was built by Werkspoor in Utrecht in 1962.
- 2900 Class: This diesel locomotive was purchased by NS from the Statemines (series 151-155) for "Spoorslag '70". The were not long in service with NS, after a few years they were sold to the FEVE in Spain.
Preseved 200 Class locomotive, no. ...
The Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) 600 Class diesel locomotives were built for shunting duties. ...
Combatants Allied Powers Axis Powers Commanders {{{commander1}}} {{{commander2}}} Strength {{{strength1}}} {{{strength2}}} Casualties 17 million military deaths 7 million military deaths World War II, also known as the Second World War (sometimes WW2 or WWII), was a mid-20th century conflict that engulfed much of the globe and is accepted as...
Ferrocarriles de VÃa Estrecha (FEVE) (meaning Narrow Gauge Railways) is a state-owned Spanish railway company, which operates most of Spains 1,250 km (775 mile) long system of metre-gauge railways. ...
Electric locomotives In use - Benelux 1100 Class: These are Belgian locomotives used for the Benelux push-pull trains in combination with ICR carriages.
- 1200 Class and 1250 Class: These locomotives are former NS locomotive; a couple are still in use by ACTS and Heerink Rail.
- 1600 Class and 1800 Class: These two types of locomotives are the same, the 1800 series got renumbered from 1600 after the privatisation of the NS. The 1600 are used by Railion Benelux and the 1800 are used by NS Reizigers.
- 1700 Class: This locomotive is very similar to the 1600/1800 in appearance but technically different. They are frequently used in combination with ICR and DDm cars.
- Plan mP (Motorpost): These are the trains formerly used to distribute mail. Currently they have various tasks.
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3399x2338, 4656 KB) Dutch Railways 1600 Class at Amersfoort station File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands ...
Image File history File links Download high resolution version (3399x2338, 4656 KB) Dutch Railways 1600 Class at Amersfoort station File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands ...
Railion is a European (mainly German) railroad cargo carrier. ...
Amersfoort is also a town in South Africa. ...
Railion is a European (mainly German) railroad cargo carrier. ...
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) is the main public transport railway company in the Netherlands. ...
1700 Class, no. ...
Not in use anymore - 1000 Class: Based on a Swiss locomotive. One is still in existence in the National railroad museum.
- 1100 Class: Based on the French Class BB 8100 locomotives. After a serious accident, the locomotive were equipped with a new nose.
- 1300 Class: Based on the French Class CC 7100 locomotives. This six axles train were mainly used for freight trains.
- 1500 Class: These are former British Rail Class 77 locomotives. The seven locomotive were purchased to relieve a shortage of locomotives in 1969. Locomotive no. 1501 is preserved by the Werkgroep 1501.
Preserved locomotive, no. ...
Preserved locomotive, no. ...
Diesel multiple units In use - The Wadlopers are a diesel hydraulic multiple unit, operated in the North of the Netherlands by Noordnet. There are two version, one with two coaches, the other with one coach. One of the Wadlopers is re-painted in green, most are still yellow.
- Lint 41 are DMUs used by Syntus.
Nijmegen (obsolete spellings: Nijmwegen, Nymegen, Nieumeghen â known in German as Nimwegen, French as Nimègue, and Spanish as Nimega) is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, near the German border. ...
Roermond is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands. ...
For other places named Zwolle, see Zwolle (disambiguation). ...
Enschede is a municipality and a city in the eastern Netherlands, in the province of Overijssel, in the Twente region. ...
For other places named Zwolle, see Zwolle (disambiguation). ...
Kampen is a town on the island Sylt, Germany, see Kampen, Germany a town in the Netherlands, see Kampen, Netherlands This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...
NoordNed Personenvervoer bv is a public transport company operating trains and buses in the northeast of the Netherlands. ...
Leeuwarden (Frisian: Ljouwert) is a municipality and the capital city of the Dutch province of Friesland. ...
Groningen is a municipality and city in the north of the Netherlands, and capital of Groningen province. ...
Syntus bv is a public transport company operating trains and buses in the east of the Netherlands. ...
Arnhem is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, located on the Lower Rhine, and the capital of the Gelderland province. ...
Winterswijk is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. ...
Arnhem is a municipality and a city in the east of the Netherlands, located on the Lower Rhine, and the capital of the Gelderland province. ...
Tiel is a municipality and a town in the middle of the Netherlands. ...
Zutphen (old alternate spelling: Zutfen) is a municipality and a town in the province of Gelderland in the Netherlands on the right bank of the IJssel at the influx of the Berkel, and a junction station 29 km by rail N.N.E. of Arnhem. ...
Oldenzaal is a municipality and a town in the eastern Netherlands. ...
Syntus bv is a public transport company operating trains and buses in the east of the Netherlands. ...
Not in use anymore - Mat '34 The very first series of streamlined multiple units of the NS was Mat '34, also nicknamed "Diesel Three". The streamlined form was developed during numerous trials at the Zeppelin Luftschiffahrt Gesellschaft in Friedrichshafen. Vmax 140 km/h.
- DE-5: The NS dieselelectric five-car unit series DE 5 was built for fast-train services and foreign services. For this purpose they had large fueltanks sufficient for about 2000 km. The war, however, made these services impossible. In 1940 during a trialrun a speed of 172 km/h was reached. They were built by Werkspoor in Utrecht, Beijnes in Haarlem and Allan in Rotterdam.
- DE 1 nicknamed Blauwe Engel (Dutch for "Blue Angel"): A DMU consisting of one coach.
- DE 2: A DMU consisting of 2 coaches. It was very similar to the DE 1
- NS DE-20 nicknamed "De Kameel" (Dutch for "The Camel"). Originally it was in service as DMU for the board of directors, later it was for hire. Currently it is in the national railroad museum.
- Plan U: A diesel electric multiple unit consisting of three coaches. There model was rather similar to the Mat '54 EMU.
- DE-IV: The NS DE-IV TEE 1001-1003 and SBB RAm 501-502 TEE DMU's were used for international transportation under the banner of the TEE.
- omBC 2900: A DMU that was used in 1901-1903
Electric multiple units In use
1700 class locomotive pulling a DDM at Amersfoort station - The DDM (Dubbeldeks Materieel, see picture) coaches were delivered in two series. DDM-1 is operated in fixed formations of 6 coaches, using a 1800 class locomotive for traction. DDM-2/3 operates in fixed formations of 3 or 4 coaches. 4 car trains use a class 1700 locomotive for traction, 3 car trains use an mDDM motorcar, which resembles a DDM driving trailer but has electric motors and a single passenger deck on top; the level of this deck is higher than that of a regular single deck rail car, but lower than the upper deck of the other coaches. DDM-2/3 is also known as DD-AR.
- 3 types of coaches are available: Bv (second class), ABv (first and second class) and Bvk (second class driving trailer);
- in the past, different formations were also used: DDM-1 was used in 5, 6 and 7 car formations, DD-AR was also used in 3 and 6 car formations coupled to a class 1700 locomotive;
- some DDM-1 coaches Bv have been converted for use in push-pull trains consisting mostly of coaches class ICR.
- The DD-IRM and DD-VIRM (Dubbeldeks Interregio Materieel and Dubbeldeks Verlengd Interregio Materieel, see picture), also called Regiorunner; a train consists of one or more combinations of 3, 4 or 6 double decks coaches; each combination (multiple unit) has electric motors; an electronic display in the cars which is supposed to show the final destination of the train is often not set properly, showing the starting station instead; occasionally a moving text is shown; interestingly, moving texts are in italics, though the display resolution is too low to show static italics (an apparent shift of a fraction of a pixel is obtained by a corresponding time delay). After the first series of DD-IRM, which consisted of only three and four car trains, extra cars were added to most of these trains resulting in the DD-VIRM. Three car trains were transformed to four car trains and four car trains to six car trains. Later more of these series were ordered in four and six car trains. More than three-hundred are currently operative in the Netherlands.
ICM train in Zwolle station; the doors in front are opened when two trains are combined - The Koploper (ICM) (Intercity Materieel) is a 3- or 4-car multiple unit that when coupled with another one, allows passengers to walk through (Koploper is literally "head walker"). The Dutch Railways decided to close the heads permanently, because the mechanism broke down too often and they say that not many people used it.
- The Sprinter (SGM, Stads Gewestelijk Materieel) is a two or three car electric, used on small distances. They are named Sprinter because they're able to accelerate and brake quite fast, making them very suitable for 'stoptrein' services. Two car versions have been revised and are now named Railhoppers. Three car versions can be seen in two versions: the old yellow version, and the very much revised white ones. These trains will mostly ride in the Randstad area. Some two-car version are renamed as city pendel and have a different seating arrangement.
- One of the older train types still in use is the Mat '64 multiple unit. There are two varieties:
- Mat '64 (Plan V), a 2-car electric multiple unit (the picture shows a train consisting of three of these);
- Mat '64 (Plan T), a 4-car electric multiple unit; with respect to seating arrangement and lighting there are three varieties; in one variety the lighting is rather meagre for reading. Was a Mat '54 ELD4 with 213 ton the heaviest EMU in Europe, with 163 ton The Plan T the lightest. With this series the requirement to operate in multiple unit with older EMU was abandoned, to be able to profit from new technical improvements as automatic door closing system and rapid acceleration. Unfortunately it became clear with the Prototype EMU, nicknamed "Future" that a lower weight resulted in worse driving characteristics. In 100 sec. This EMU accelerates to 132 km/h, during a testrun 176 km/h was achieved. The prototype was built by Werkspoor in Utrecht in 1961. From EMU 502 the automatic couplers were placed at the level of the UIC-couplers. Also the layout of the middle coaches was altered: the AD became BD (with small kitchen) and the B became AB, also the luggagecompartment was enlarged and double sliding doors used instead of a single one. NS Mat '64 Plan V were built after all EMU's Plan T were built. A big difference between Plan T and V is lower output of Plan V: 138 kW per motor instead of 175 kW. Some later versions lacked the luggage compartment.
- The Thalys is a high-speed train and runs between Amsterdam Centraal and Paris-North.
- High-speed shuttle trains will be bought for domestic high speed connections once the high-speed line between Amsterdam and Belgium is finished in 2007.
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 5196 KB) Dutch Railways 1700 Class electric locomotive File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands NS 1700 Class Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (4048x3040, 5196 KB) Dutch Railways 1700 Class electric locomotive File links The following pages link to this file: Trains in the Netherlands NS 1700 Class Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added from the digital camera or scanner used to...
Electric motors of various sizes. ...
A classic Belgian multiple unit of type 74 A modern high speed British diesel multiple unit of type 220 A multiple unit is a passenger train whose carriages have their own motors, either diesel (DMUs) or electric (EMUs), and do not need to be hauled by a locomotive. ...
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free content hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. ...
This is a file from the Wikimedia Commons, a repository of free content hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation. ...
For other places named Zwolle, see Zwolle (disambiguation). ...
The main municipalities of the Randstad; note that the marked areas are not just the built-up areas but the whole municipalities The Randstad is an agglomeration in the Netherlands. ...
Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Coordinates 52°22â²N 4°54â²E Website www. ...
Emblem of the Brussels-Capital Region Flag of The City of Brussels Brussels (French: Bruxelles, Dutch: Brussel, German: Brüssel) is the capital of Belgium, the French community of Belgium, the Flemish community and of the European Union. ...
A single GWR autocoach capable of push-pull operation. ...
// Train routes by timetable number Train routes in the Netherlands are identified by numbers. ...
Dutch Railways train, copied from nl:Afbeelding:Trein mat64 alphen aan den rijn 2003. ...
Dutch Railways train, copied from nl:Afbeelding:Trein mat64 alphen aan den rijn 2003. ...
Architect lamps Dark lighting in a concert hall allow laser effects to be visible In the 2005 Classical Spectacular performance, a state-of-the-art lighting system was used to accompany the music Lighting refers to the devices or techniques used for illumination, usually referring to artificial light sources such...
ICE train The InterCity Express or ICE is a type of high-speed train operated by DB Fernverkehr in Germany and neighboring countries, for example to Zürich, Switzerland or Vienna, Austria. ...
Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Coordinates 52°22â²N 4°54â²E Website www. ...
Thalys PBKA Thalys is a high-speed train network built around the high-speed line between Paris and Brussels. ...
The neutrality and factual accuracy of this article are disputed. ...
Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Coordinates 52°22â²N 4°54â²E Website www. ...
Not in use anymore Before 2004 there was in the summer a night train between Amsterdam Centraal and Paris-North. Although much slower than the Thalys, it was popular with budget tourists: some rail passes are not valid in the Thalys, and sleeping in the train saved the cost of a hotel. There were sleeping cars at a supplemental fee, but many people spent the night sitting in a seat, or, if it was not crowded, lying on seats. 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The interior of a Pullman car on the Chicago and Alton Railroad circa 1900. ...
- Mat '24: In 1924, two prototype EMU's were delivered to NS, one by Werkspoor and the other by Beijnes. Both had the train composition mBD+Bec+Aec+Cec+mC. The Cec's were built by Hawa in Hanover. The Mat '24, nicknamed 'Blokkendoos', were especially for the services on the Old Line Amsterdam–Rotterdam which was electrified with 1500 V DC in this period. The third mBD5 was already delivered in 1924. Mat '24 series was built between 1923 and 1932.
- Mat '35: The first streamlined electric multiple units of NS Mat '35. They were nicknamed 'Hoek van Hollanders' because of they were used between Rotterdam and Hook of Holland. Eight units were built: 4 with and 4 without luggage-section. They were built by Werkspoor, Beijnes en Allan and consisted of 2 coaches.
- Mat '36: This is practically the same as the Mat '35 EMU. They were built by Werkspoor in 1937-8. Versions existed consisting of two, three or four coaches.
- Mat '40: The two- and five-car version of Mat '40 "Gooimaterieel" so-called because the planned deployment on Amsterdam–Amersfoort although they hardly ever used on this line. There were designed for speeds up to 160 km/h and built by Beijnes in Haarlem and Werkspoor in Utrecht between 1942 and 1944. This series was very similar to the Mat '35 series as well.
- Mat '46: The NS Mat '46s were ordered to compensate for war-lost EMU's. This series had some differences compared to its predecessors: a convergent shaped front and sliding doors in the luggagecompartment. There are versions consisting of two and four coaches. From a technical viewpoint a four-car EMU consists of two two-car EMU's. They were built by Allan, Beijnes and Werkspoor between 1949 and 1952.
- Mat '54: NS Mat '54 "Hondekop" (Dognose) series was extremely solidly constructed, resulting in a heavy weight. The running characteristics are very good, the trains sticks to the rails as if it is made of concrete. Calculating weight per seat (888 kg), Mat '54 is the heaviest of its kind ever built in Europe. From the beginning, much attention was paid to the workplace of the driver. The series were built by Allan in Rotterdam between 1956 and 1958. Three versions existed, consisting of two, three or four coaches. To modernise the Benelux-service (Amsterdam–Brussels) and the finishing of the electrification between Roosendaal and Essen, 12 EMU were built that these EMU run in multiple unit with existing EMU's. The EMU can run under 1500 V DC and 3000 V DC. In cooperation with the NMBS the following was decided: mechanically of the same construction as the NS Mat '54 and the electrical installation would be a Belgian one. On the ABk is the 1500 V DC pantograph, on the BDk the 3000 V DC one.
- The SM'90 EMUs (railhopper) ran on the line Zwolle - Emmen. There are only 9 bought as an experimentel train, intended as successor to Mat '64, but NS chose more double deck EMUs class DD-AR instead. In the beginning they were ridden with trouble. All 9 trainsets have been taken out of service in december 2005.
Amsterdam Location Country The Netherlands Province North Holland Population 742,951(1 January 2005) Coordinates 52°22â²N 4°54â²E Website www. ...
For other places named Rotterdam, see Rotterdam (disambiguation) Rotterdam ( ⶠ(help· info)), located in the province of Zuid Holland, is the second largest municipality in the Netherlands (after Amsterdam), yet depending on the calculation methods the agglomeration in which Rotterdam is situated vies with the Amsterdam agglomeration for first spot in...
For other places named Rotterdam, see Rotterdam (disambiguation) Rotterdam ( ⶠ(help· info)), located in the province of Zuid Holland, is the second largest municipality in the Netherlands (after Amsterdam), yet depending on the calculation methods the agglomeration in which Rotterdam is situated vies with the Amsterdam agglomeration for first spot in...
The NMBS (Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen) or SNCB (Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Belges, not to be confused with SNCF) is the Belgian national railway operator. ...
Coaching stock In use - The railroad cars ICR (Intercity Rijtuig = intercity carriage) are pulled by an electric locomotive, usually a 1700 or 1800. For the basic variety, unlike for the other trains, reversing direction requires moving the locomotive to the other side. At the back end passengers can have a view on the track, though not when seated. Some trains however have a carriage with a driver cabin at one end, and a locomotive at the other. Long trains with a locomotive at each end are also used. These train setups do not require the locomotive to be moved when reversing direction.
- The older variety of carriages has windows that can be opened and seats facing seats (picture: [2]), the newer variety ICRm has air-conditioning and mainly seats facing backs of seats (picture: [3]).
- Koninklijk rijtuig (Dutch for Royal Carriage): a modified ICR.
- the ICRm now also has a push-pull variety, with ICRm and a BDs car with driver's cabin.
- ICK: ("InterCity Kort") These are former German wagons that were bought to relief the shortage of material NSR suffered from.
A railroad car (or, more briefly, car), also known as an item of rolling stock in British parlance, is a vehicle on a railroad or railway that is not a locomotive - one that provides another purpose than purely haulage, although some types of car are powered. ...
Not in use anymore - Stalen D
- Plan E
- 'Plan W
- IC+: The IC+ were a short-lived experimental variation of the ICR with more facilities.
- Bcm: A couchette.
Train accidents Train accidents in the Netherlands with passengers or crew killed or injured (not complete) Train surfing accidents in the Netherlands November 3 is the 307th day of the year (308th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 58 days remaining. ...
2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Olst-Wijhe is a municipality in the province of Overijssel, eastern Netherlands. ...
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) is the main public transport railway company in the Netherlands. ...
March 20 is the 79th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (80th in Leap years). ...
2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Roermond is a municipality and a city in the southeastern Netherlands. ...
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) is the main public transport railway company in the Netherlands. ...
July 25 is the 206th day (207th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar, with 159 days remaining. ...
1980 (MCMLXXX) was a leap year starting on Tuesday. ...
Winsum is a municipality and a town in the northeastern Netherlands. ...
Groningen is a municipality and city in the north of the Netherlands, and capital of Groningen province. ...
Eemsmond is a municipality in the northeastern Netherlands. ...
January 8 is the 8th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ...
1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ...
Harmelen is a village in the Netherlands, in the municipality of Woerden, containing about 8,000 inhabitants. ...
The Harmelen train disaster is the worst railway accident in the history of The Netherlands. ...
- Feb 2004: 15-year old boy killed in Maassluis, had been hanging on the outside of a window.
2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
See also Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...
The Wikimedia Commons (also called Commons or Wikicommons) is a repository of free content images, sound and other multimedia files. ...
There are 387 train stations in the Netherlands, since December 2004, when Almere Oostvaarders was opened. ...
Transportation in the Netherlands // Rail transport Railway tracks (2001) all standard gauge (1. ...
// Diesel locomotives Diesel shunting locomotives 100 Class 200 Class 500 Class 600 Class Main-line diesel locomotives 2200 Class 2400 Class 6400 Class Electric locomotives 1700 Class 1756 1000 Class 1100 Class 1200 Class 1300 Class 1500 Class 1600 Class 1700 Class 1800 Class External links information in English Categories...
External links |