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Encyclopedia > Transportation Corps

The United States Army Transportation Corps was established July 31, 1942 by Executive Order 9082. The Transportation Corps is a combat service support branch of the U.S. Army, and is headquartered at Fort Eustis, Virginia. The Transportation Corps is responsible for the movement of personnel and materiel by truck, rail, air, and sea. It's motto is "Spearhead of Logistics," and it is currently the third smallest branch of the army. July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... Combat Service Support (CSS) is a United States military term. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Fort Eustis is a military base facility of the United States military located in Newport News, Virginia. ... Official language(s) English Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Area  Ranked 35th  - Total 42,793 sq. ...

Contents


History

Early history

As far back as the Revolutionary War, General George Washington appointed the first Wagon Master, who can be considered the first Chief of Transportation. Prior to the War of 1812, military transportation had taken a back seat in the national military strategy. It was apparent after the war that some form of organized transportation support was needed to guarantee the new nation’s ability to successfully engage and defeat an enemy. In response to this need, General Thomas S. Jesup was appointed as Quartermaster General in 1818. Later Jesup initiated programs that not only improved the transportation capability of the U.S. military, but also encouraged the United States expansion to the west. These programs included the building of the Great Military Road of 1836 which linked the far flung ports of the west with the industrial bases of the east and the use of the steamship for amphibious landings. Combatants United States United Kingdom Strength United States Regular army : 99,000 Volunteers: 10,000* Rangers: 3,000 Militia: 458,000** Naval and marine: 20,000 Indigenous peoples New York Iroquois: 600 Northwestern allies: ? Southern allies: ? United Kingdom Regular army: 10,000+ Naval and marine: ? Canadian militia: 86,000+** Indigenous... Thomas Sidney Jesup (December 10, 1788-June 10, 1860) was a United States military officer most notable for his service as Quartermaster General. ... A Quartermaster general is the staff officer in charge of supplies for a whole army. ... 1818 (MDCCCXVIII) is a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar or a common year starting on Saturday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar. ... Charles Darwin 1836 was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Paddle steamers - Lucerne-Switzerland Left: original paddlewheel from a paddle steamer on the lake of Lucerne. ... This article is about a military strategy involving land troops dispatched from naval ships. ...


Civil War

During the American Civil War, transportation proved to be an integral part of military logistics through the organization of railroads as a viable and efficient means of military transportation. By 1864 five of the nine divisions in the Quartermaster Department dealt exclusively with transportation. A substantial number of battles were won because of the field commander's ability to swiftly and effectively move troops and supplies. Combatants United States of America Union Confederate States of America Commanders Abraham Lincoln, Ulysses S. Grant Jefferson Davis, Robert E. Lee Strength 2,200,000 1,064,000 Casualties Killed in action: 110,000 Total dead: 360,000 Wounded: 275,200 Killed in action: 93,000 Total dead: 258,000... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ... 1864 (MDCCCLXIV) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar) of the Gregorian calendar or a leap year starting on Sunday of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar. ... Quartermaster is a term usually referring to a military unit which specializes in supplying and provisioning troops, or to an individual who does the same. ...


Spanish-American War

During the Spanish-American War the task of mobilizing and deploying a largely volunteer force to Cuba and the Philippines magnified the need for a separate transportation service within the Quartermaster Department. Army transporters worked with both the civilian railroads and the maritime industry to pull together a successful intermodal operation. The examples and perspective in this article or section may not represent a worldwide view. ... This is the top-level page of WikiProject trains Rail tracks Rail transport refers to the land transport of passengers and goods along railways or railroads. ...


World War I

The American Expeditionary Force that deployed to France during World War I, emphasized the need for a single transportation manager. William W. Atterbury, a former railroad executive, was appointed as the Director-General of Transportation and a separate Transportation Corps was established in 1918. Having satisfied the immediate need and requirements of the day, this forerunner of the modern Transportation Corps was abolished after the war. Officers of the American Expeditionary Force and the Baker mission The American Expeditionary Force or AEF was the United States military force in World War I. The AEF helped the French defend the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive in May. ... Combatants Allies: Serbia, Russia, France, Romania, Belgium, British Empire, United States, Italy, and others Central Powers: Germany, Austria-Hungary, Bulgaria, Ottoman Empire Casualties Military dead: 5 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total of dead: 8 million Military dead: 4 million Civilian deaths: 3 million Total dead: 7 million Spanish Flu... Atterbury, Time, 1933 William Wallace Atterbury (1866–1935) was a Brigadier General during World War I. He was instrumental in reorganizing railroad traffic during the war for more efficient transportation of troops and supplies for the Allied forces. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ...


World War II

With the attack on Pearl Harbor, the United States began the largest mobilization in its history. In March 1942, the transportation functions were consolidated into the Transportation Division of the newly created Services of Supply. That same year, on July 31, President Roosevelt established the Transportation Corps. By the end of the war the Transportation Corps had moved more than 30 million soldiers within the continental United States; and 7 million soldiers plus 126 million tons of supplies overseas. Combatants United States of America Imperial Japan Commanders Husband Kimmel (USN) Walter Short (USA) Chuichi Nagumo (IJN) Strength 8 battleships, 8 cruisers, 29 destroyers, 9 submarines, ~50 other ships, ~390 planes 6 aircraft carriers, 2 battleships, 3 cruisers, 9 destroyers, 8 tankers, 23 fleet submarines, 5 midget submarines, 441 planes... This article is about the year. ... July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... FDR redirects here. ...


Cold War

When the Soviet Union cordoned off the city of Berlin in 1948, the Transportation Corps played a vital role in sustaining the city. Two years later, on June 28, 1950, President Truman established the Transportation Corps as a permanent branch of the Army. For other uses, see Berlin (disambiguation). ... 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1948 calendar). ... June 28 is the 179th day of the year (180th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 186 days remaining. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... For the victim of Mt. ...


Korean War

During the Korean War, the Transportation Corps kept the United Nations Forces supplied through three winters. By the time the armistice was signed, the Transportation Corps had moved more than 3 million soldiers and 7 million tons of cargo. Combatants Western Allied/UN combatants: South Korea, United States Communist combatants: North Korea, Peoples Republic of China, Soviet Union Strength Note: All figures may vary according to source. ... United Nations - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ... A white flag is traditionally used to represent a truce. ...


Vietnam War

The Vietnam War saw the most diversified assortment of transportation units ever assembled. For over a decade the Transportation Corps provided continuous support for American and allied forces through an unimproved tropical environment using watercraft, amphibians, motor trucks and Transportation Corps aircraft. Combatants Republic of Vietnam (South Vietnam) United States of America South Korea Thailand Australia New Zealand the Philippines Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam) National Liberation Front (Viet Cong) Strength ~1,200,000 (1968) ~420,000 (1968) Casualties South Vietnamese dead: 230,000 South Vietnamese wounded: 300,000 US dead...


On July 31, 1986, the Transportation Corps was inducted into the U.S. Army Regimental System. July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... In the late 1950s, the brigade replaced the regiment as a tactical unit. ...


Gulf War

In 1990 the Transportation Corps faced one of its greatest challenges with the onset of the Gulf War. During Operation Desert Shield and Operation Desert Storm, the Transportation Corps working out of ports on three continents demonstrating its ability to deploy and sustain massive forces. This article is about the year. ... Combatants U.S.-led coalition Iraq Commanders George H. W. Bush Norman Schwarzkopf Colin Powell Saddam Hussein Ali Hassan al-Majid Hussein Kamel Strength 660,000 545,000 Casualties 345 dead, 1,000 wounded 25,000 - 100,000 dead, 100,000 - 300,000 wounded The 1991 Gulf War (also called... See also: 2003 invasion of Iraq and Gulf War (disambiguation) C Company, 1st Battalion, The Staffordshire Regiment, 1st UK Armoured Division The Persian Gulf War was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 34 nations led by the United States. ... Combatants U.S.-led coalition Iraq Commanders George H. W. Bush, Norman Schwarzkopf, Colin Powell Saddam Hussein, Ali Hassan Al-Majid, Hussein Kamel Strength 660,000 ~545,000 Casualties 345 dead, 1,000 wounded 25,000 - 100,000 dead, 100,000 - 300,000 wounded The 1991 Gulf War (also Persian...


Post Cold War

Operations in Somalia, Rwanda, Haiti, Bosnia, and Iraq have also seen the deployment of large numbers of transportation units. Motto: none Anthem: Intermeco Capital Sarajevo Largest city Sarajevo Official language(s) Bosnian, Croatian, Serbian Government  â€¢ Presidency members Prime Minister Republic Sulejman Tihić1 (Bosniak) Borislav Paravac (Serb) Ivo Miro Jović (Croat) Adnan Terzic Independence  â€¢ Declared From Yugoslavia 5 April 1992 Area  â€¢ Total    â€¢ Water (%)   51,129 km² (124th) 19,741...


See also

The United States Transportation Command (USTRANSCOM) is one of nine unified commands of the United States Department of Defense. ... Fort Eustis is a military base facility of the United States military located in Newport News, Virginia. ... Fort Story is a facility of the U.S. Army located in the independent city of Virginia Beach, Virginia at Cape Henry. ...

Resources

  • This article is based on a public domain US Army source [1]

  Results from FactBites:
 
Transportation Corps (1224 words)
After the 82d Airborne Division, transporters from the 7th Transportation Group, FT Eustis, VA were the next soldiers to deploy to the Middle East, readying the ports, air terminals and lines of communication for the rest of the U.S. military.
Transporters are among the first to deploy and the last to return from conflicts and exercises wherever they occur.
On 26 July 1986, the Transportation Corps formally instituted the Regimental system of organization during the annual TC worldwide conference at FT Eustis, VA. The Regimental Crest and motto, "Spearhead of Logistics" were also formally adopted at this time.
CHAPTER 7 (4259 words)
Transportation planning requires that transportation units and assets be provided to the level required and that their operation is centrally controlled.
Transportation is the system of facilities, installations, methods, and procedures designed to receive, store, maintain, distribute, and control the flow of military materiel between origin and final destination.
Transportation capability is not held in reserve; that is, transportation requirements are satisfied, in priority, to the limit of available transport.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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