NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Transportation in Serbia and Montenegro

Serbia, and in particular the valley of Morava is often described as "the crossroad between the East and the West", which is one of primary reasons for its turbulent history. The valley is by far the easiest way of land travel from continental Europe to Greece and Asia Minor. In the 6th and 7th century Slav tribes from the basin between the Oder and Vistula rivers migrated south and settled in the Balkans, which were back then part of the Byzantine Empire. ... Serbia was formerly a autonomous principality (1817-1878), independent principality (1878-1882), independent kingdom (1882-1918), part of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes (1918-1941) (since 1929 the Kingdom of Yugoslavia), nazi occupied puppet state (1941-1944), socialist republic within Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (1945-1992) and... The history of Montenegro begins in the early Middle Ages after the arrival of the Slavs into the part of the former Roman province of Dalmatia that is today known as Montenegro. ... Yugoslavia (Jugoslavija in all south Slavic languages) is a term used for three separate but successive political entities that existed during most of the 20th century on the Balkan Peninsula in Europe. ... On 4th February, 2003 parliament of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia agreed to a weaker form of cooperation between Serbia and Montenegro within a commonwealth called Serbia and Montenegro. After June 1999, Kosovo was made a United Nations protectorate, under the UN Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) based in Pristina. ... A political party is a political organization subscribing to a certain ideology or formed around very special issues with the aim to participate in power, usually by participating in elections. ... Elections in Serbia and Montenegro gives information on election and election results in Serbia and Montenegro. ... Telephones - main lines in use 2. ... Population: 10,600,000 (Serbia - 9,981,929; Montenegro - 620,000) note: Age structure: 0-14 years: Serbia - 19. ... Ottoman Rule 15th century 1455: Turkish cadastral tax census (defter)9 of the Brankovic dynasty lands (covering 80% of present_day Kosovo and Metohija) recorded 480 villages, 13,693 adult males, 12,985 dwellings, 14,087 household heads (480 widows and 13,607 adult males). ... This article presents the demographic history of Montenegro through census results. ... This is a list of cities in Serbia and Montenegro. ... This is a list of places in Serbia, including both cities and villages. ... This is a list of mountains in Serbia and Montenegro. ... Geographical regions in Serbia This is a list of some of Geographical regions in Serbia and Montenegro. ... Since the breakup of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia in the early 1990s, the foreign policy of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (renamed Serbia and Montenegro in 2003) was characterized primarily by a desire to secure its political and geopolitical position and the solidarity of ethnic Serbs in the... Beer in Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian language: пиво/pivo) is rarely talked of outside of its state, regardless of its quality. ... Serbia and Montenegro is a Balkan country, recently ravaged by war that has caused widespread migration and cultural oppression. ... The Velika Morava is a river in Serbia that flows into the Danube near Smederevo. ... East is most commonly a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. ... A compass rose with West highlighted West is most commonly a noun, adjective, or adverb indicating direction or geography. ... World map showing location of Europe A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is geologically and geographically a peninsula, forming the westernmost part of Eurasia. ... Anatolia (Greek: ανατολη anatole, rising of the sun or East; compare Orient and Levant, by popular etymology Turkish Anadolu to ana mother and dolu filled), also called by the Latin name of Asia Minor, is a region of Southwest Asia which corresponds today to the Asian portion of Turkey. ...

Railways

total: 4,059 km
standard gauge: (1435 mm) 4,059 km (1,364 km electrified) (2002)
narrow gauge: Some narrow gauge railways are being reinstated for touristic purposes As railways developed and expanded one of the key issues to be decided was that of the rail gauge (the distance between the two rails of the track) which should be used. ... Narrow-gauge railways are railroads (railways) with track spaced at less than the standard gauge of 4 ft 8 in (1. ...

Railway links with adjacent countries

Highways

European routes E65, E70, E75 and E80, as well as E662, E761, E762, E763, E771 and E851 are passing through the country. E70 western from Belgrade and most of E75 is modern highway or at least semihighway.
total: 48,603 km
paved: 28,822 km (including 560 km of expressways)
note: In the 1999 Kosovo conflict, many road and rail bridges were destroyed; since the end of the conflict in June 1999, there has been an intensive program to either rebuild bridges or build by-pass routes. Most of the most important bridges are now operational.
unpaved: 19,781 km Europes road system incorporates a series of European routes, which are numbered E1 and up. ... Belgrade (Serbian, Београд, Beograd listen), is the capital (2003–) of Serbia and Montenegro and Yugoslavia (1918–2003). ... Mitchell Freeway in Perth, Western Australia For other uses, see Highway (disambiguation). ... The term Kosovo War or Kosovo Conflict is often used to describe two sequential and at times parallel armed conflicts (a civil war followed by an international war) in the southern Serbian province called Kosovo (officially Kosovo and Metohia), part of the former Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ...

Waterways

total: 587 km
note: the Danube River, central Europe's connection to the Black Sea, runs through Serbia; since Kosovo conflict bridges destroyed in Novi Sad have obstructed river traffic. Now, the bridges are removed and the pontoon bridge that replaces a destroyed conventional bridge can be opened for large ships but has slowed river traffic. The bridge could also be bypassed by a canal system, but the inadequate lock size limits the size of vessels which may pass. Danube in Budapest Length 2,888 ¹ km Elevation of the source 1,078 ² m Average discharge 30 km. ... Historical lands and provinces in Central Europe Central Europe is the region of Europe between Eastern Europe and Western Europe. ... Satellite view of the Black Sea, taken by NASA MODIS Cities of the Black Sea The Black Sea (known as the Euxine Sea in the antiquity) is an inland sea between southeastern Europe and Asia Minor. ... Motto: none Executive government Mayor (Gradonačelnik) City council (Skupština Grada) Mayor Maja Gojković Area 235. ... A pontoon bridge Pontoon bridges are floating bridges supported by floating pontoons with sufficient buoyancy to support the bridge and dynamic loads. ...

Pipelines

Ports and harbors

At Danube

Belgrade, Novi Sad, Pancevo, Zelenika(?) Belgrade (Serbian, Београд, Beograd listen), is the capital (2003–) of Serbia and Montenegro and Yugoslavia (1918–2003). ... Motto: none Executive government Mayor (Gradonačelnik) City council (Skupština Grada) Mayor Maja Gojković Area 235. ... Pančevo (Панчево, Hungarian: Pancsova, German: Pantschowa, Romanian: Panciova) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 44. ...

Adriatic Sea

Bar, Kotor, Tivat The Adriatic Sea Source: NASA The Adriatic Sea is an arm of the Mediterranean Sea separating the Apennine peninsula (Italy) from the Balkan peninsula, and the system of the Apennine Mountains from that of the Dinaric Alps and adjacent ranges. ... Caffes near the coast Center of the city The oldest olive in the world, Stari Bar Bar is coastal city in Serbia and Montenegro on the Adriatic Sea. ... Kotor and its bay Kotor is a town in southwestern Montenegro, population 19,000, Kotor municipality 23,481 (2003). ... Tivat is a town in southern Montenegro in the bay of Boka Kotorska, population 10,100, Tivat municipality 13,991 (2003). ...

Air transport

Four of them are large enough to be listed with IATA Airport Codes: The IATA airport code is a three-letter alphabetic code designating many airports around the world. ...

There are also 4 heliports (2002 data) Belgrade (Serbian, Београд, Beograd listen), is the capital (2003–) of Serbia and Montenegro and Yugoslavia (1918–2003). ... Belgrade (Serbian, Београд, Beograd listen), is the capital (2003–) of Serbia and Montenegro and Yugoslavia (1918–2003). ... Podgorica (Подгорица) (formerly Titograd and Ribnica) is the capital of Montenegro and the judicial capital of Serbia and Montenegro, located at 42. ... Tivat is a town in southern Montenegro in the bay of Boka Kotorska, population 10,100, Tivat municipality 13,991 (2003). ... Niš (Ниш, the Roman Naissus; see below) is a city in Serbia and Montenegro (formerly Yugoslavia), 43. ... Užice (Ужице) is a city located in Serbia and Montenegro at 43. ... Prishtinë/Prishtina (Albanian indefinite/definite form) or Priština (Приштина) (Serbian) is the capital city of Kosovo, a landlocked province of Serbia located at 42°65′ N 21°17′ E. It is estimated that the current population of Prishtina is as high as 500,000. ...

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