Traprain law from the Garleton Hills

Traprain Law is a hill about 221m (724 feet) in elevation, located 6km (4 miles) east of Haddington in East Lothian, Scotland. It is the site of an oppidum or hill fort, which covered at its maximum extent about 16 ha (40 acres) and must have been a veritable town. Whether it was a seasonal meeting place or permanent settlement is a matter for speculation. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 444 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Traprain Law from Barnes Castle, Garleton hills. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixels Full resolution (2272 × 1704 pixel, file size: 444 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Traprain Law from Barnes Castle, Garleton hills. ... Haddington is a burgh in East Lothian, Scotland. ... East Lothian (Lodainn an Ear in Gaelic) is one of 32 unitary council areas in Scotland, and a lieutenancy Area. ... Motto (Latin) No one provokes me with impunity Wha daur meddle wi me?(Scots)1 Anthem (Multiple unofficial anthems) Scotlands location in Europe Capital Edinburgh Largest city Glasgow Official languages English, Gaelic, Scots3 Government Constitutional monarchy  -  Queen Queen Elizabeth II  -  Prime Minister Tony Blair MP  -  First Minister Jack McConnell... An oppidum (pl: oppida) was Latin for the main settlement in any administrative area of the Roman Empire. ... A hill fort is a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for military advantage. ...

The hill was already a place of burial by around 1500 BC, and showed evidence of occupation and signs of ramparts after 1000 BC. The ramparts were rebuilt and re-aligned many times in the following centuries. Excavations have shown it was occupied in the Late Iron Age from about AD 40 through the last quarter of the 2nd century (about the time that the Antonine Wall was manned). Following the Roman withdrawal to the line of Hadrian's Wall it was occupied from about 220 almost uninterruptedly until about 400 when an impressive new rampart was built, then within a few decades the site was abandoned. Centuries: 17th century BC - 16th century BC - 15th century BC Decades: 1550s BC 1540s BC 1530s BC 1520s BC 1510s BC - 1500s BC - 1490s BC 1480s BC 1470s BC 1460s BC 1450s BC The element Mercury has been discovered in Egyptian tombs dating from this decade. ... Centuries: 12th century BC - 11th century BC - 10th century BC Decades: 1050s BC 1040s BC 1030s BC 1020s BC 1010s BC - 1000s BC - 990s BC 980s BC 970s BC 960s BC 950s BC Events and trends 1006 BC - David becomes king of the ancient Israelites (traditional date) 1002 BC - Death... Iron Age Axe found on Gotland This article is about the archaeological period known as the Iron Age, for the mythological Iron Age see Iron Age (mythology). ... Centuries: 1st century BC - 1st century - 2nd century Decades: 10s BC - 0s - 10s - 20s - 30s - 40s - 50s - 60s - 70s - 80s - 90s 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 Sometimes the 40s is used as shorthand for the 1940s, the 1840s, or other such decades in various centuries... The 2nd century is the period from 101 - 200 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ... The Antonine Wall, looking east, from Barr Hill between Twechar and Croy The Antonine Wall, remains of Roman fortlet, Barr Hill, near Twechar Location of Hadrians Wall and the Antonine Wall in Scotland and Northern England. ... Motto: Senatus Populusque Romanus (SPQR) The Roman Empire at its greatest extent, c. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Centuries: 2nd century - 3rd century - 4th century Decades: 170s - 180s - 190s - 200s - 210s - 220s - 230s - 240s - 250s - 260s - 270s Years: 220 221 222 223 224 225 226 227 228 229 Significant people Alexander Severus, Roman Emperor Zhuge Liang, Shu Han strategist of impressive intellect Categories: 220s ... Centuries: 4th century - 5th century - 6th century Decades: 350s - 360s - 370s - 380s - 390s - 400s - 410s - 420s - 430s - 440s - 450s Years: 400 401 402 403 404 405 406 407 408 409 Events: Constantine III seizes control of the Roman garrison in Britain, declares himself emperor, and crosses into Gaul. ...

In the 1st century the Romans recorded the Votadini as a British tribe in the area, and Traprain Law is generally thought to have been one of their major settlements. They emerged as a kingdom under the Brythonic version of their name Gododdin and Traprain Law is thought to have been their capital before moving to Din Eidyn (Edinburgh Castle). Although seven Pictish chains have been found by archaeologists, the interchange may have occurred between the two peoples through trade, tribute or through raiding or warfare. The 1st century was that century which lasted from 1 to 100 according the Gregorian calendar. ... Area under Roman control  Roman Republic  Roman Empire  Western Empire  Eastern Empire Ancient Rome was a civilization that grew from a city-state founded on the Italian Peninsula circa the 9th century BC to a massive empire straddling the Mediterranean Sea. ... The Votadini (the WotādÄ«nÄ«, or VotādÄ«nÄ«) were a people of the Iron Age in Great Britain, and their territory was briefly part of the Roman province Britannia. ... Brythonic is one of two major divisions of Insular Celtic languages (the other being Goidelic). ... Gododdin (pronounced god-o-th-in), or Guotodin (Votadini in Latin), refers to both the people and to the region of a Dark Ages Brythonic kingdom south of the Firth of Forth, extending from the Stirling area to the Northumberland kingdom of Brynaich, and including what are now the Lothian... The castle from below (2003) Edinburgh Castle is an ancient fortress which from its position on Castle Rock, dominates views of the city of Edinburgh, and is Scotlands most famous landmark. ... A replica of the Hilton of Cadboll Stone. ...

A team led by Curle and Cree began the first excavations in 1914 and continued them until 1923, finding layers of fragmentary stone and timber houses under the turf. In 1919, they recovered a hoard consisting of sliced-up Roman silverware with Mediterranean motifs, which was interpreted as the spoils from a raid on Late Roman Gaul during the 5th century. Armit notes that the treasure was buried about the time of the last rampart, and probably originated as diplomatic gifts from Roman authorities in the south or from trade links, though it might have come from a raid beyond Hadrian's Wall. For the software, see hoard memory allocator. ... Map of Gaul circa 58 BC Gaul (Latin: ) was the name given, in ancient times, to the region of Western Europe comprising present-day northern Italy, France, Belgium, western Switzerland and the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine river. ... Europe in 450 The 5th century is the period from 401 - 500 in accordance with the Julian calendar in the Christian Era. ...

Further excavations were made in 1939 by Cruden and in 1947 by Bersu. Gerhard Bersu (1889 - 1964) was a German archaeologist who excavated widely across Europe. ...

References

• Ian Armit, Scotland's Hidden History Tempus (in association with Historic Scotland) 1998, ISBN 0-7486-6067-4
• R.W. Feachem, "The Fortifications on Traprain Law," Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, 89 (1955-6), 284-9.
• Richard Feachem, Guide to Prehistoric Scotland London: Batsford, 1977 ISBN 0-7134-3264-0
• Stuart Piggott, Scotland Before History Edinburgh: University Press, 1982 ISBN 0-85224-348-0

See also

• White Castle, East Lothian

Whitecastle was originally a hillfort in East Lothian, Scotland, situated on the edge of the Lammermuir Hills, two miles south of the village of Garvald, ((), grid reference NT613686, OS Landranger No. ...

External links

• http://www.roman-britain.org/places/traprain_law.htm