Operas by Giuseppe Verdi

Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio (1839) Un giorno di regno (1840) Nabucco (1842) I Lombardi alla prima crociata (1843) Ernani (1844) I due Foscari (1844) Giovanna d'Arco (1845) Alzira (1845) Attila (1846) Macbeth (1847) I masnadieri (1847) Jérusalem (1847) Il corsaro (1848) La battaglia di Legnano (1849) Luisa Miller (1849) Stiffelio (1850) Rigoletto (1851) Il trovatore (1853) La traviata (1853) Les vêpres siciliennes (1855) Simon Boccanegra (1857) Aroldo (1857) Un ballo in maschera (1859) La forza del destino (1862) Don Carlos (1867) Aida (1871) Otello (1887) Falstaff (1893) Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (either October 9 or 10, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. ... Image File history File links GiuseppeVerdi. ... Oberto, Conte di San Bonifacio is an opera in two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on a libretto by Antonio Piazza. ... Un giorno di regno, ossia il finto Stanislao (A One-Day Reign, or the false Stanislas) is an opera in two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Felice Romani, based on the play Le faux Stanislas by Alexandre Vincent Pineu-Duval. ... Nabucco is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the biblical story and the play by Anicet-Bourgeois and Francis Cornu. ... I Lombardi alla prima crociata (The Lombards on the First Crusade) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based epic poem by Tommaso Grossi. ... Ernani is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Hernani by Victor Hugo. ... I due Foscari (The Two Foscaris) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on a historical play The Two Foscari by Lord Byron. ... Giovanna dArco (Joan of Arc) is an opera with a prelude and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the play Die Jungfrau von Orleans by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Alzira is an opera in a prologue and two acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play Alzire, ou les Américains by Voltaire. ... Attila is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Temistocle Solera, based on the play Attila, König der Hunnen by Zacharias Werner. ... Macbeth is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave with additions by Andrea Maffei, based on Shakespeares play of the same name. ... I masnadieri (The Bandits) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Andrei Maffei, based on Die Räuber by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Jérusalem is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to a French libretto by Alphonse Royer and Gustave Vaëz. ... Il corsaro (The Corsair) is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, from a libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on Lord Byrons poem The Corsair. ... La battaglia di Legnano (The battle of Legnano) is an Opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi from Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on play La Battaille de Toulouse by Joseph Méry. ... Luisa Miller is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play Kabale und Liebe by Friedrich von Schiller. ... Stiffelio is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, from an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Le Pasteur, ou lÉvangile et le Foyer by Émile Souvestre and Eugène Bourgeois. ... Giuseppe Verdi, by Giovanni Boldini, 1886 (National Gallery of Modern Art, Rome) Rigoletto is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi. ... Il trovatore (The Troubadour) is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Leone Emanuele Bardare and Salvatore Cammarano, based on the play El Trobador by Antonio García Gutiérrez. ... Les vêpres siciliennes (The Sicilian Vespers) is an opera in five acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to a French libretto by Charles Duveyrier and Eugène Scribe from their work Le duc dAlbe. ... Simon Boccanegra is an opera with a prologue and three acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on the play Simón Bocanegra by Antonio García Gutiérrez. ... Aroldo is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave, based on their earlier colaboration, Stiffelio. ... Un ballo in maschera, or A Masked Ball, is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi with text by Antonio Somma. ... Cover of first bilingual edition of the libretto of La forza del destino, St. ... This article refers to the opera Don Carlos by Giuseppe Verdi (and its revised Italian version, known as Don Carlo). ... // Introduction This article is about the marketing term, AIDA. For other uses of the term, see Aida (disambiguation). ... For the Rossini opera, see Otello (Rossini) or for the eurobeat artist see Gianni Coraini. ... Falstaff is an opera in three acts by Giuseppe Verdi, adapted by Arrigo Boito from Shakespeares play The Merry Wives of Windsor. ...

La traviata is an opera in four acts by Giuseppe Verdi set to an Italian libretto by Francesco Maria Piave. It takes as its basis the novel La dame aux Camélias by Alexandre Dumas, fils, published in 1848. It was first performed at the Teatro la Fenice in Venice, on March 6, 1853. The title "La traviata" means literally The Woman Who Strayed, or perhaps more poetically The Lost One. The opera is immensely popular; according to Opera America, La Traviata is the third most performed opera in North America, behind only Madama Butterfly and La bohème. The Teatro alla Scala in Milan, Italy. ... Giuseppe Fortunino Francesco Verdi (either October 9 or 10, 1813 – January 27, 1901) was an Italian Romantic composer, mainly of opera. ... A libretto is the complete body of words used in an extended musical work such as an opera, operetta, masque, sacred or secular oratorio and cantata, musical, and ballet. ... Francesco Maria Piave Francesco Maria Piave (18 May 1810 – 5 March 1876) was an Italian librettist who was Verdis life-long friend and collaborator. ... The Lady of the Camellias (French: La Dame aux Camélias) is a novel by Alexandre Dumas, fils, first published in 1848. ... Alexandre Dumas, fils (July 27, 1824 – November 27, 1895) was the son of Alexandre Dumas, père, who followed in his fathers footsteps becoming a celebrated author and playwright. ... Year 1848 (MDCCCXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian Calendar (or a leap year starting on Monday of the 12-day slower Julian calendar). ... Teatro La Fenice (the phoenix) is an opera house in Venice, Italy. ... Venice (Italian: Venezia, Venetian: Venezsia) is the capital of region Veneto, and has a population of 271,663 (census estimate January 1, 2004). ... March 6 is the 65th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (66th in Leap years). ... 1853 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). ... Opera America, officially OPERA America, is a service organization in North America promoting the creation, presentation, and enjoyment of opera. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... La bohème[1] is an opera in four acts by Giacomo Puccini to an Italian libretto by Luigi Illica and Giuseppe Giacosa, based on Scènes de la vie de Bohème by Henri Murger. ...

A film version of the opera was released in 1982, directed by Franco Zeffirelli and featuring Teresa Stratas, Plácido Domingo and Cornell MacNeil. Various versions of the movie Camille were also adapted from the same novel. Baz Luhrmann's 2001 film Moulin Rouge! was also inspired by the story. Franco Zeffirelli (born Gianfranco Corsi on February 12, 1923), is an Italian film director. ... Teresa Stratas (b. ... Plácido Domingo Plácido Domingo [1] (born January 21, 1941) [2] is a world-famous Spanish operatic tenor, well-known for his versatile, strong voice that is possessed of a ringing and clear tone throughout its range. ... Camille is the name of several films based on the 1852 novel and play La Dame aux camélias by Alexandre Dumas, fils. ... Baz Luhrmann (born Mark Anthony Luhrmann on September 17, 1962) is an Oscar-nominated Australian film director. ... Moulin Rouge! (or simply Moulin Rouge) is a 2001 Academy Award winning musical film directed by Baz Luhrmann. ...

Roles

Main characters:

• Violetta Valery, courtesan (soprano)
• Alfredo Gérmont, young nobleman (tenor)
• Giorgio Gérmont, his father (baritone)

Minor characters: Look up soprano in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... In music, a tenor is a male singer with a high vocal range. ... Baritone (French: baryton; Deutsch: Bariton; Italian: baritono) is most commonly the type of male voice that lies between bass and tenor. ...

• Flora Bervoix, (mezzo-soprano)
• Annina, (soprano)
• Gastone, (tenor)
• Barone Douphol, (baritone)
• Marchese d'Obigny, (bass)
• Dottor Grenvil, (bass)
• Giuseppe, (tenor)
• Domestico di Flora, (bass)
• Commissionario, (bass)

A mezzo-soprano (meaning medium soprano in Italian) is a female singer with a range usually extending from the A below middle C to the F an eleventh above middle C. Mezzo-sopranos generally have a darker (or lower) vocal tone than sopranos, and their vocal range is between that... A basso (or bass) is a male singer who sings in the lowest vocal range of the human voice. ...

Synopsis

Place: Paris and vicinity.

Time: about 1700. (Many modern producers of La traviata set the opera in the 19th century.)

City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Paris Eiffel tower as seen from the esplanade du Trocadéro. ... Events January 1 - Russia accepts Julian calendar. ...

Act I

Violetta Valery, a famed courtesan, throws a lavish party at her Parisian abode to celebrate her recovery from an illness. Gaston, a count, has brought with him his friend the young nobleman Alfredo Germont, who has longed for a year to meet Violetta. Alfredo, upon introduction to Violetta, expresses his concern for her fragile health and later declares his love for her. Violetta rejects him but gives him a camellia, telling him to return when the flower has wilted. After the guests leave, Violetta contemplates the possibility of a real relationship with true love, but finally rejects the notion. She needs freedom to live life, night and day, from one pleasure to another. Species About 100–250 species, including: Camellia assimilis Camellia brevistyla Camellia caudata Camellia chekiangoleosa Camellia chrysantha– Golden Camellia Camellia connata Camellia crapnelliana Camellia cuspidata Camellia euryoides Camellia forrestii Camellia fraterna Camellia furfuracea Camellia granthamiana Camellia grijsii Camellia honkongensis Camellia irrawadiensis Camellia japonica– Japanese Camellia Camellia kissii Camellia lutchuensis Camellia miyagii... Personal life (or everyday life or human existence) is an individual humans personal, private career (including, but not the same as, their employment career), and is a common notion in modern existence -- although more so in more prosperous parts of the world, such as Western Europe and North America...

Act II

A few months later, Alfredo and Violetta together lead an idyllic existence in a country house outside of Paris — Violetta has fallen in love with Alfredo in spite of herself. She has completely abandoned her former life. When Alfredo discovers, however, that Violetta has sold her belongings to support this country life, he rushes to Paris to rectify the situation. In Alfredo's absence, his father comes to Violetta and tells her that their relationship has destroyed Alfredo's future and the fortunes of Alfredo's sister (Violetta's reputation as a courtesan has compromised the Germont name). With growing remorse she listens to the pathetic words of the older Germont and, through his influence, leaves Alfredo, giving as explanation a desire for her old, wild existence. An idyll or idyl is a short poem, descriptive of rustic life, written in the style of Theocrituss short pastoral poems, the Idylls. ...

Act III

In order to overcome her grief, Violetta plunges more deeply than ever into dissipation. Some time later, Alfredo confronts Violetta at a party and disgraces her before the other guests by throwing money at her — money he says he owes her for services rendered while they lived together in the country. (He does not know of his father's visit and believes that Violetta has left him for another man.) Violetta, overcome with sickness and sorrow, faints. Germont enters and chastises Alfredo for treating a woman so disrespectfully. Baron Douphol, Violetta's escort, challenges Alfredo to a duel. Violetta regains consciousness and pleads her love for Alfredo. For other uses, see Duels (band). ...

Act IV

A few months after the party, tuberculosis (or "consumption" in 19th-century opera vernacular) has confined Violetta to her bed. Old Germont sends her a letter stating that he has informed Alfredo of the sacrifice Violetta made for Alfredo and his sister. Alfredo (returning from exile after wounding the Baron in their duel), hastens to her side, understanding at last that Violetta had sacrificed herself for his sake, and begs her forgiveness. She dies in his arms. Tuberculosis (abbreviated as TB for Tubercle Bacillus) is a common and deadly infectious disease caused by the mycobacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis or Mycobacterium bovis, which most commonly affects the lungs (pulmonary TB) but can also affect the central nervous system, lymphatic system, circulatory system, genitourinary system, bones, joints, and even the...

External links

• Ah! Fors' é Lui, available at Project Gutenberg.: A public domain mp3 recording.
• Vocal score at VARIATIONS: Public domain vocal score (scanned from an 1899 edition)
• Orchestra score at VARIATIONS: Public domain orchestra score (scanned from an old edition)
• La Traviata MP3 Recording with Creative Commons License
• Recommended recordings
• Libretto

Project Gutenberg logo Project Gutenberg (often abbreviated as PG) is a volunteer effort to digitize, archive, and distribute cultural works via book scanning. ... MPEG-1 Audio Layer 3, more commonly referred to as MP3, is a popular digital audio encoding and lossy compression format and algorithm, designed to greatly reduce the amount of data required to represent audio, yet still sound like a faithful reproduction of the original uncompressed audio to most listeners. ...

References

• Plot adapted from The Opera Goer's Complete Guide by Leo Melitz, 1921 version.