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Encyclopedia > Travnik
Travnik
Травник
[[Image: Coat of arms]]
Municipality coat of arms
Municipality of Bosnia and Herzegovina
General Information
Entity {{{entity}}}
Land area 35 km²
Population 75,000
Population density
Coordinates 44°14′N, 17°40′E
Area code +387 30
Mayor Tahir Lendo (SDA)
Website http://www.travnik.ba
Travnik
Travnik
Travnik
Travnik
Mosque in Travnik
Mosque in Travnik
Vizier's grave(turbe) in Travnik
Vizier's grave(turbe) in Travnik

Travnik (Cyrillic: Травник) is a city and municipality in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, 90 km west of Sarajevo. It is the capital of the Central Bosnia Canton, and is located in the Travnik Municipality. Travnik today has some 27,000 residents, with a metro (municipality) population that is probably close to 70,000 people. It is famous for being the seat of the governors of Bosnia from 1686 to 1850, and its cultural heritage dating from that period. Image File history File links Travnik_Municipality_Location. ... Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina: Categories: Bosnia and Herzegovina | Politics of Bosnia and Herzegovina | Lists of subnational entities | Bosnia and Herzegovina geography stubs ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ... A telephone numbering plan is a system that allows subscribers to make and receive telephone calls across long distances. ... A mayor (from the Latin māior, meaning larger, greater) is the modern title of the highest ranking municipal officer. ... The Party of Democratic Action (Stranka Demokratske Akcije) is a Bosniak nationalist political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... A website (alternatively, Web site or web site) is a collection of Web pages, images, videos and other digital assets that is hosted on one or several Web server(s), usually accessible via the Internet, cell phone or a LAN. A Web page is a document, typically written in HTML... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2448x3264, 2666 KB) Moesque in Travnik Author: Christian Bickel File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Bosnia and Herzegovina Travnik Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2448x3264, 2666 KB) Moesque in Travnik Author: Christian Bickel File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed): Bosnia and Herzegovina Travnik Metadata This file contains additional information, probably added... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 578 pixelsFull resolution (1985 × 1434 pixel, file size: 1. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 578 pixelsFull resolution (1985 × 1434 pixel, file size: 1. ... The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages; (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... ‹ The template below (Unit of length) is being considered for deletion. ... Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo) Coordinates: , Country Bosnia and Herzegovina Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton Sarajevo Canton Government  - Mayor Semiha Borovac (SDA) Area [1]  - City 141. ... Map showing the location of this canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina Central Bosnia Canton is one of the 10 cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... 1686 (MDCLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Friday of the 10-day slower Julian calendar). ... For the game, see: 1850 (board game) 1850 (MDCCCL) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Sunday [1] of the 12-day-slower Julian calendar). ...

Contents

Geography and climate

Geography

Travnik is located very close to the geographic center of Bosnia and Herzegovina at 44°14′N, 17°40′E. The river Lašva passes through the city, flowing from west to east before joining the Bosna. Travnik itself is built in the large Lašva river valley, which connects the Bosna river valley in the east with the Vrbas river valley in the west. The Bosna is the third longest river in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and is considered one of the countrys three major internal rivers, along with the Neretva and Vrbas. ... The Vrbas (Serbian Cyrillic: Врбас) is a major river in western Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...


Travnik is found 514 meters above sea level. Its most distinguishing geographic feature are its mountains, Vilenica and Vlašić. Vlašić, named after the Vlachs, is one of the tallest mountains in the country at 1933 meters (6342 feet). This article does not cite any references or sources. ...


Climate

Travnik has a continental climate, located between the Adriatic sea to the South and Pannonia to the North. Average summer temperature is 18.2°C (64.8°F). Average winter temperature on the other hand is a cold 0.5°C (33°F). It snows in Travnik every year. Regions containing a continental climate exist in portions of Northern Hemisphere continents, and also at higher elevations in certain other parts of the world. ... Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ... Celsius is, or relates to, the Celsius temperature scale (previously known as the centigrade scale). ... For other uses, see Fahrenheit (disambiguation). ...


History

Although there is evidence of some settlement in the region dating back to the Bronze Age, the true history of Travnik begins during the first few centuries AD. Dating from this time there are numerous indications of Roman settlement in the region, including graves, forts, the remains of various other structures, early Christian basilicas, etc. etc. In the city itself, there have been found Roman coins and plaques. Some writing found indicates the settlement is closely connected to the known Roman colony in modern day Zenica, 30 km away. For other uses, see Roman Empire (disambiguation). ... Coat of arms [[Image:{{{image_coat_of_arms}}}|100px|Coat of arms]] Municipality of Bosnia and Herzegovina [[Image:{{{image_map}}}|150px|center|Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina highlighting the town or municipality location]] General Information Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Land area 499,7 km² Population 146,000 (estimate) Population density 293/km...


In the Middle Ages the Travnik area is known as the župa Lašva province of the medieval Bosnian kingdom. The area is first mentioned by Bela IV of Hungary in 1244. Travnik itself was one of a number of fortified towns in the region, with its fortress Kaštel becoming today's old town sector. The city itself is first mentioned by the Ottomans during their conquest of nearby Jajce. B la IV (1206-1270) was the king of Hungary between 1235 and 1270. ... This article is about the year 1244. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October 29... Municipality of Bosnia and Herzegovina General Information Entity {{{entity}}} Land area Population (1991 census) 45,007 Population density Area code +387 30 Mayor Nisvet Hrnjić (SDA) Website http://www. ...


Following the Ottoman conquest of Bosnia, much of the local population converted to Islam. The city quickly grew into one of the more important settlements in the region, as authorities constructed mosques, marketplaces, and various infrastructure. In 1699 when Sarajevo was set on fire by Field-Marshall Prince Eugene of Savoy, Travnik became the capital of the Ottoman province of Bosnia and seat of the Bosnian viziers. This period is generally thought of as Travnik's golden age. The city became an important center of government in the whole Western frontier of the empire, and consulates were established by France and Austria-Hungary, leading some to label it, "The Bosnian Istanbul". For people named Islam, see Islam (name). ... Events January 26 - Treaty of Karlowitz signed March 30 - the tenth Sikh Master, Guru Gobind Singh created the Khalsa. ... Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo) Coordinates: , Country Bosnia and Herzegovina Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton Sarajevo Canton Government  - Mayor Semiha Borovac (SDA) Area [1]  - City 141. ... Prince Eugen von Savoyen in a contemporary painting François-Eugène, Prince of Savoy-Carignan, known as Prinz Eugen von Savoyen in German and Eugenio, Principe di Savoia in Italian (October 18, 1663 – April 24, 1736) was arguable the greatest general to serve the Habsburgs. ... The Province of Bosnia was a key Ottoman province, the westernmost one, based on the territory of the present day state of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... A Vizier (وزير, sometimes also spelled Wazir) is an Arabic term for a high-ranking religious and political advisor, often to a king or sultan. ... For the uses of Consul as Chief Magistrate of a (city) state, see Consul. ... Austria-Hungary, also known as the Dual monarchy (or: the k. ...


The period of Austrian occupation brought westernization and industry to Travnik, but also a heavy decline in importance. While cities such as Banja Luka, Sarajevo, Tuzla, and Zenica grew rapidly, Travnik stayed behind so much that in 1991 it had a mere 30,000 or so people, with 70,000 in the entire municipality. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Sarajevo) Coordinates: , Country Bosnia and Herzegovina Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton Sarajevo Canton Government  - Mayor Semiha Borovac (SDA) Area [1]  - City 141. ... Municipality of Bosnia and Herzegovina General Information Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Canton Tuzla Canton Land area 302,35 km² Population 165,000 Population density 545/km² Coordinates Area code +387 35 Mayor Jasmin Imamović (SDP) Website http://www. ... Coat of arms [[Image:{{{image_coat_of_arms}}}|100px|Coat of arms]] Municipality of Bosnia and Herzegovina [[Image:{{{image_map}}}|150px|center|Map of Bosnia and Herzegovina highlighting the town or municipality location]] General Information Entity Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina Land area 499,7 km² Population 146,000 (estimate) Population density 293/km... Year 1991 (MCMXCI) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link will display the 1991 Gregorian calendar). ...


During the Bosnian War, the town escaped most of the damage from Serb forces attacks. Following this, conflict arose between the area's Bosniaks and Croats. Following the war, Travnik was made the center of the Central Bosnia Canton. Combatants Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Predominantly Bosniak) Army of Republika Srpska, Yugoslav Peoples Army, various paramilitary units from Serbia and Montenegro (Serbian) Croatian Defence Council, Croatian Army (Croatian) Commanders Alija Izetbegović (President of Bosnia and Herzegovina) Sefer Halilović (Army chief of staff 1992-1993) Rasim... Map showing the location of this canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina Central Bosnia Canton is one of the 10 cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...


Demographics

Refugees in Travnik, 1992-1993. Photo by Mikhail Evstafiev
Refugees in Travnik, 1992-1993. Photo by Mikhail Evstafiev

Image File history File links Evstafiev-bosnia-travnik-girl-doll-refugee. ... Image File history File links Evstafiev-bosnia-travnik-girl-doll-refugee. ...

1991

Demographic statistics for Travnik are scarce. According to the 1991 Yugoslav census, the area had a population of 70,747. Of these, 31,813 were Bosniaks (45%), 26,118 were Croats (37%), 7,777 were Serbs (11%), and 5,039 "others" (7%). In city itself there was a Croat majority;

  • Settlement: Bos Srbs Croats Yugos Others Sum B% S% C% Y% O%
  • Bojna 0 1 94 5 0 100 0% 1% 94% 5% 0%
  • Centar 4166 1367 2300 1736 391 9960 42% 14% 23% 17% 4%
  • Gornji Dolac 647 31 976 93 47 1794 36% 2% 54% 5% 3%
  • Kalibunar 1516 556 3173 770 112 6127 25% 9% 52% 13% 2%
  • Pirota 216 135 1225 92 80 1748 12% 8% 70% 5% 5%
  • Stari Grad 1024 36 77 122 50 1309 78% 3% 6% 9% 4%

Croats made 37,29% city population, Bosniaks 35,98%, Serbs 10,11%, Yugoslavs 13,4%, and others 3,22%. Croats made majority in Bojna, Gornji DOlac, Kalibunar and Poirota, while Bosniaks were majority in Centar and Stari grad (old city).


1997

Following the war came great population shifts, as well as possible ethnic cleansing in the region. Thousands of Croats and Serbs left the area, while thousands of Bosniak refugees flooded in. By December 1997, the area's population was down to 59,367. Of these, 48,861 were Bosniaks (82%), 539 Serbs (1%), 9,144 Croats (15%), and 823 others (1.4*). For the band, see 1997 (band). ...


2004

Latest population figures are mostly estimates. It is assumed that since 1997, a combination of returning refugees and steady birth rate has resulted in the area climbing back up to around 70,000 residents. As for the city itself, international organizations estimated that by 2004 there were 26,510 people within the city itself.


2005

In 2005, most of the inhabitants of the Travnik municipality were ethnic Bosniaks (86%).


Government

Travnik
Travnik

In Bosnia and Herzegovina, very few cities actually have what would be considered "city governments". Instead, the country's municipalities are essentially based from chief settlement to chief settlement. Thus, though Travnik doesn't really have a city government of its own, it is part of "Municipality Travnik" which for all practical purposes is the de facto city government since its area of jurisdiction covers Travnik and the outlying villages and small towns. An exception to this rule are cities so large they cover more than one municipality (for example, Sarajevo). Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 3. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... A municipality or general-purpose district (compare with: special-purpose district) is an administrative local area generally composed of a clearly defined territory and commonly referring to a city, town, or village government. ...


Asides from being the obvious center of municipality government, Travnik is also the center of the Central Bosnia Canton, one of the 10 Cantons of Bosnia. Its current mayor is Tahir Lendo;. The municipality government has various bureau's dedicated to help in the running of the region, ranging from the bureau of urbanization and construction, to the bureau of refugees and displaced persons. Map showing the location of this canton in Bosnia and Herzegovina Central Bosnia Canton is one of the 10 cantons of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Cantons are provincial units used in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. ...


Economy

The economy of the Travnik region, which was never anything truly extraordinary, suffered greatly during the war period of the early 1990s. Today, most of the region deals with typical rural work such as farming and herding. As far as urban industry is concerned, Travnik has several factories producing everything from matches to furniture. Food processing is also a healthy industry in the region, highlighted by meat and milk companies. For the band, see 1990s (band). ... Household safety matches burning match A match is a simple and convenient means of producing fire under controlled circumstances and on demand. ...


Culture

Travnik
Travnik
Travnik
Travnik

Travnik has a strong culture, mostly dating back to its time as the center of local government in the Ottoman Empire. Travnik has a popular old town district however, which dates back to the period of Bosnian independence during the first half of the 15th century. Numerous mosques and churches exist in the region, as do tombs of important historical figures and excellent examples of Ottoman architecture. The city museum, built in 1950, is one of the more impressive cultural institutions in the region. Travnik became famous by important persons acting in the field of culture too, who were born or lived in Travnik. The most important are Ivo Andric (writer, Nobel Prize for literature in 1961), Zoran Đinđić (philosopher, politician), Miroslav Ciro Blazevic (soccer coach of Croatian national team, won third place 1998 in France), Josip Pejakovic (actor), Seid Memic Vajta (pop-singer) and Davor Dzalto (artist and art historian, the youngest Ph.D. in Germany and in the South-East European region). Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File links Metadata Size of this preview: 800 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (3264 × 2448 pixel, file size: 2. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Ivo Andrić. Ivo Andric; (hr/sr-lat:Ivo Andrić; sr-cyr:Иво Андрић) (October 9, 1892 in Dolac near Travnik (Bosnia and Herzegovina) – March 13, 1975 in Belgrade, then Yugoslavia), a Serbian-Croatian novelist, short story writer, and Nobel Prize... A writer is anyone who creates a written work, although the word more usually designates those who write creatively or professionally, or those who have written in many different forms. ... The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... Old book bindings at the Merton College library. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Zoran ĐinÄ‘ić, Ph. ... Seid Memic Vajta (Seid Memić Vajta) is a Bosnian pop singer. ... Davor Dzalto (Davor Džalto, Давор Џалто) is an artist, art historian and theoretician, born in Travnik (Bosnia and Herzegovina) on May 17th 1980. ...


Tourism

Like many Bosnian towns, Travnik's tourism is largely based on its history and geography. Nearby Mt.Vlaišić is one of the tallest peaks in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and an excellent spot for skiing, hiking, and sledding. Though tourism isn't very strong for the city, Vlaišić is probably its chief tourist attraction. The city itself is also of interest. Numerous structures dating to the Ottoman era have survived in near perfect conditions, such as numerous mosques, oriental homes, two clock towers (it is the only city in Bosnia and Herzegovina to have two clock towers), and fountains. The city's old town dates back to the early 15th century, making it one of the most popular widely accessible sites from that time. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... (14th century - 15th century - 16th century - other centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 15th century was that century which lasted from 1401 to 1500. ...


Miscellaneous

Nobel Prize for literature winner [1] was born in Travnik on September 10, 1892; a popular work of his, Travnička hronika ("The Chronicles of Travnik" 1945, title translated as "The Days of the Consuls" or "Bosnian Chronicle"), takes place here. The Bosnian Tornjak, one of Bosnia's two major dog breeds and national symbol, originates in the area, found around Mt.Vlašić. The local football (soccer) team is NK Travnik, established in 1922. The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: ) are awarded for Physics, Chemistry, Literature, Peace, and Physiology or Medicine. ... is the 253rd day of the year (254th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1892 (MDCCCXCII) was a leap year starting on Friday (see link for calendar). ... Tornjak (tor is Bosnian and Croatian for corral/sheepfold) is a dog breed native to Bosnia and Herzegovina and Croatia. ... A player (wearing the red kit) has penetrated the defence (in the white kit) and is taking a shot at goal. ... NK Travnik NK Travnik (Nogometni Klub Travnik) is a football club centered in the city of Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina. ... Year 1922 (MCMXXII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...


Twin cities

Image File history File links Flag_of_Germany. ... Leipzig ( ; Sorbian/Lusatian: Lipsk from the Sorbian word for Tilia) is, with a population of over 506,000, the largest city in the federal state of Saxony, Germany. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Serbia. ... KruÅ¡evac (Serbian Cyrillic: Крушевац,  ) is a city and a municipality located in Serbia at 43. ... Anthem Serbia() on the European continent() Capital (and largest city) Belgrade Official languages Serbian 1 Recognised regional languages Hungarian, Croatian, Slovak, Romanian, Rusyn 2 Albanian 3 Government Semi-presidential republic  -  President Boris Tadić  -  Prime Minister Vojislav KoÅ¡tunica Establishment  -  Formation 812   -  Kingdom established 1217   -  Empire established 1346   -  Independence lost to...

External links

  • Unofficial town Website(Bosnian) (English)(German) (French)
  • Travnik — A city guide (English)

References

  1. ^ Ivo Andrić
 
Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina
Flag of Bosnia and Herzegovina

  Results from FactBites:
 
Travnik - LoveToKnow 1911 (308 words)
TRAVNIK, the capital of a department of the same name in Bosnia; situated on the Lasva, a left-hand tributary of the Bosna, 44 m.
Travnik is mainly built round a steep mass of rock, crowned by an ancient citadel.
Prozor, with its ruined citadel, which withstood the Turkish advance until the beginning of the 16th century, when almost the whole of Bosnia had been enslaved, was then the capital of the princes of Rama, a district lying north-west of the Narenta.
Travnik, Bosnia and Herzegovina (1198 words)
Travnik is a city in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, 90km west of Sarajevo.
Travnik is located very close to the geographic center of Bosnia and Herzegovina at 44°14′ N 17°40′ E.
Travnik itself is built in the large Lašva river valley, which connects the Bosna river valley in the west with the Vrbas river valley in the east.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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