The Treasurer was was a senior post in the pre-Union government of Scotland. The Acts of Union were twin Acts of Parliament passed in 1707 (taking effect on 26 March) in the Scottish and the English Parliaments. ...

The full title of the post was Lord High Treasurer, Comptroller, Collector-General and Treasurer of the New Augmentation, formed as it was from the amalgamation of four earlier offices. Of these, the Treasurer and Comptroller had originated in 1425 when the Chamberlain's financial functions were transferred to them. From 1466 the Comptroller had sole responsibility for financing the royal houshold to which certain revenues (the property) were appropriated, with the Treasurer being responsible for the remaining revenue (the casualty) and other expenditure. The Collector-General, created in 1562, handled the Crown's revenue from the thirds of benefices, and the Treasurer of the New Augmentation was responsible for the former church lands annexed to the Crown in 1587. Holders of the office of Chamberlain are known from about 1124, though by the seventeenth century it enjoyed high status but few actual powers, having lost its financial functions after 1425 to the Treasurer and its supervision of the royal burghs. ...

All four offices were held by the same person from 1610 onwards, but their separate titles survived the effective merging of their functions in 1635. From 1667 to 1682 the Treasury was in commission, and again from 1686 to 1708, when the separate Scottish Treasury was abolished. From 1690 the Crown nominated one person to sit in Parliament as Treasurer.

List of Treasurers

• 1420: Sir Walter Ogilvie of Lintrethan
• ....: Thomas de Myrton, Dean of Glasgow
• 1430: Patrick de Ogilvie
• 1439: Sir Walter de Halliburton
• ....: Robert Livingston, son of Sir Alexander Livingston of Callendar, governor of Kingdom
• 1440: Sir Walter de Halliburton
• 1449: Andrew, Abbot of Melrose
• 1455: James Stuart, Dean of Moray
• 1466: Sir William Knowlys, Preceptor of Torphichen
• 1473: John Laing, parson of Kenland
• 1480: Archibald Crawford, Abbot of Holyroodhouse
• ....: Sir John Ramsay of Balmaine
• 1490: Henry Arnot, Abbot of Cambuskenneth
• 1499: Sir Robert Lundin of Balgony
• 1507: Sir David Beaton of Creich
• 1509: George Hepburn, Abbot of Aberbrothock, later Bishop of the Isles
• ....: Andrew Stewart, Bishop of Caithness
• 1512: Cuthbert Baillie, Commendator of Glenluce
• 1515: James Hepburn, Bishop of Moray
• 1516: Sir Walter Ogilvie of Stratheren
• 1517: John Campbell of Lundy
• 1520: Archibald Douglas of Kilspindie
• 1528: Robert Cairncross, Abbot of Holyrood, later Bishop of Ross
• 1529: Sir Robert Barton of Over Barton
• 1530: William Stewart, Bishop of Aberdeen
• 1537: Robert Cairncross, Abbot of Holyrood
• 1546: John Hamilton, brother of Regent, Abbot of Paisley, later Bishop of St Andrews
• 1548: Sir James Kirkaldie of Grange
• 1555: Gilbert Kennedy, 3rd Earl of Cassilis
• 1561: Robert Richards, Commendator of St Mary Isle
• 1564: William Stewart, Provost of Lincluden
• 1572: William Ruthven, 1st Earl of Gowrie
• 1584: John, Earl of Melrose
• 1585: Sir Thomas Lyon of Auld Bar, Master of Glamis
• 1595: Walter Stewart, 1st Lord Blantyre
• 1599: Alexander Elphinstone, 5th Lord Elphinstone
• 1601: Sir George Hume, 1st Earl of Dunbar
• 1611: Sir Robert Carr, Earl of Somerset
• 1616: John Erskine, 2nd Earl of Mar
• 3 Apr 1630: William Douglas, 6th Earl of Morton
• 21 May 1636: John Stewart, 1st Earl of Traquair
• 17 Nov 1641: in commission

John Campbell, 1st Earl of Loudoun, Lord Chancellor

Archibald Campbell, 1st Marquess of Argyll

William Cunningham, 8th Earl of Glencairn

John Lindsay, 1st Earl of Lindsay

Sir James Carmichael

• 23 Jul 1644: John Lindsay, Earl of Crawford and Lindsay, dismissed 13 Feb 1649
• 1660: in commission

John Lindsay, Earl of Crawford and Lindsay

John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes

• 19 Jan 1661: John Lindsay reappointed
• 4 Jun 1663: John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes - appt Chancellor 16 Apt 1667
• 20 Jun 1667: in commission

John Leslie, 7th Earl of Rothes, Lord Chancellor

John, Earl of Lauderdale

John Hay, 2nd Earl of Tweeddale

Alexander Bruce, 2nd Earl of Kincardine

John, Lord Cochrane (eldest son of Earl of Dundonald)

Sir Robert Murray, Lord Justice Clerk

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• 1 May 1682: William Douglas, Marquess of Queensberry, later Duke
• 24 Feb 1686: in commission