The Treaties of the European Union are effectively the basic constitutional texts of the Union. They set out the objectives of the Union and establish the various institutions which are intended to achieve those aims.

Current treaties

Evolution of the structure and policies of the Union

This article is on the 1948 treaty, which served as a basis for the Western Union. ... The Treaty of Paris, signed on April 18, 1951 between Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which subsequently became part of the European Union. ... The Treaty of Rome signing ceremony Signatures in the Treaty The Treaty of Rome, signed by France, West Germany, Italy and Benelux (Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg) on March 25, 1957, established the European Economic Community (EEC). ... The Merger Treaty, signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and in force since 1 July 1967, first gathered together the organizational structures of the then three European Communities (European Coal and Steel Community, European Economic Community and Euratom). ... The Single European Act (SEA) was the first major revision of the Treaty of Rome. ... The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty of European Union, TEU) was signed on February 7, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands after final negotiations in December 1991 between the members of the European Community and entered into force on November 1, 1993 during the Delors Commission. ... Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts The Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts, commonly known as the Amsterdam Treaty, was signed on... Treaty of Nice The Treaty of Nice is a treaty adopted in Nice by the European Council to amend the two founding treaties of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, which introduced the Euro and the 3-pillar structure of the EU; the Treaty of... For other uses, see Treaty of Lisbon (disambiguation). ... The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organization composed of the members of the European Union. ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community Flag of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member... EU redirects here. ... The European Community (EC) was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The Treaty of Maastricht which established the European Union, divided EU policies into three main areas, called pillars. ... The European Community (EC) was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The Merger Treaty, signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and in force since 1 July 1967, first gathered together the organizational structures of the then three European Communities (European Coal and Steel Community, European Economic Community and Euratom). ... Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJC) is the third of the three pillars of the European Union, focusing on co-operation in law enforcement and combating racism. ... Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters (PJC) is the third of the three pillars of the European Union, focusing on co-operation in law enforcement and combating racism. ... The European political cooperation (EPC) was introduced informally in 1970 in response to the Davignon report and was formalised by the Single European Act with effect from 1987. ... The Common Foreign and Security Policy, or CFSP, was established as the second of the three pillars of the European Union in the Maastricht treaty of 1992, and further defined and broadened in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1999. ...  â€¢  â€¢  â€¢ Membership 10 member states 6 associate member states 5 observer countries 7 associate partner countries Establishment Treaty of Brussels  -  Signed 17 March 1948  The Western European Union (WEU) is a partially dormant European defence and security organization, established on the basis of the Treaty of Brussels of 1948 with the...

Founding treaties

European integration is at present based on four founding treaties: European integration is the process of political and economic (and in some cases social and cultural) integration of European states into a tighter bloc. ... Casting is a process by which a material is introduced into a mold while it is liquid, allowed to solidify in the shape inside the mold, and then removed producing a fabricated object, part, or casing. ...

• The Treaty of Paris, establishing the European Coal and Steel Community, which was signed on 18 April 1951, entered into force on 23 July 1952 and expired on 23 July 2002.
• The Treaty establishing the European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom)
• The Treaty establishing the European Economic Community (EEC), which was signed - along with the Euratom Treaty - in Rome on 25 March 1957, and entered into force on 1 January 1958. These two Treaties are often referred to as the "Treaties of Rome". When the term "Treaty of Rome" is used, only the EEC Treaty is meant.
• The Treaty on European Union, signed in Maastricht on 7 February 1992, entered into force on 1 November 1993. It changed the name of the European Economic Community to simply "the European Community" and introduced new intergovermental structures to deal with the aspects of Common Foreign and Security Policy and "Justice and Home Affairs". The structure formed by these so-called Three Pillars is the European Union, whose scope was now more overtly political as well as economic.

The Treaty of Paris, signed on April 18, 1951 between Belgium, France, West Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, and the Netherlands established the European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC), which subsequently became part of the European Union. ... Members of the European Coal and Steel Community Flag of the European Coal and Steel Community The European Coal and Steel Community (ECSC) was founded in 1951 (Treaty of Paris), by France, West Germany, Italy, Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands to pool the steel and coal resources of its member... For other uses, see Signature (disambiguation). ... Year 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Coming into force refers to the date and process by which legislation, or part of legislation, becomes a law. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 204th day of the year (205th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also see: 2002 (number). ... The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organization composed of the members of the European Union. ... The European Atomic Energy Community, or EURATOM, is an international organisation composed of the members of the European Union. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... For other uses, see Rome (disambiguation). ... is the 84th day of the year (85th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Jan. ... The Treaty of Rome signing ceremony Signatures in the Treaty The Treaty of Rome, signed by France, West Germany, Italy and Benelux (Belgium, the Netherlands and Luxembourg) on March 25, 1957, established the European Economic Community (EEC). ... The Maastricht Treaty (formally, the Treaty of European Union, TEU) was signed on February 7, 1992 in Maastricht, Netherlands after final negotiations in December 1991 between the members of the European Community and entered into force on November 1, 1993 during the Delors Commission. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ... is the 38th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (link will display full 1992 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1993 (MCMXCIII) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full 1993 Gregorian calendar). ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The European Community (EC) was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The Common Foreign and Security Policy, or CFSP, was established as the second of the three pillars of the European Union in the Maastricht treaty of 1992, and further defined and broadened in the Amsterdam Treaty of 1999. ... Police and Judicial Co-operation in Criminal Matters is the third of the three pillars of the European Union, focusing on co-operation in law enforcement and combating racism. ... The Treaty of Maastricht which established the European Union, divided EU policies into three main areas, called pillars. ...

Amending treaties

At times there have been far-reaching reforms bringing major institutional changes and introducing new areas of responsibility for the European institutions:

• The Merger Treaty, signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and in force since 1 July 1967, provided for a Single Commission and a Single Council of the then three European Communities.
• The Single European Act, signed in Luxembourg and The Hague on 17 and 28 February 1986, and entered into force on 1 July 1987, provided for the adaptations required for the achievement of the Internal Market (over which later was formed the European Economic Area).
• The Treaty of Amsterdam, signed on 2 October 1997, entered into force on 1 May 1999.
  • Its purpose was to simplify decision making in addition to further integrating the Common Foreign and Security Policy concept. It transferred policy on asylum, migration and judicial co-operation in civil matters to the field of supranational decisions (the "First pillar").It also added new provisions on social policy and employment and integrated the Schengen Agreement.
  • It amended and renumbered the EU and EC Treaties. The articles of the Treaty on European Union (the Maastricht Treaty), identified in that document by letters A to S, were changed into numerical form. Consolidated versions of the EU and EC Treaties are attached to it.
• The Treaty of Nice, signed on 26 February 2001, entered into force on 1 February 2003.
  • It readied the EU for further enlargement, setting a cap on the number of members of the European Parliament (732) and of the European Commission (25). The latter provision meant that larger countries which had previously nominated two commissioners would in future only have one.
  • Qualified Majority Voting was again extended to more areas, abolishing the national right to veto in some areas. A concept of "enhanced co-operation" was introduced for countries wishing to forge closer links in areas where other states disagreed.

The Merger Treaty, signed in Brussels on 8 April 1965 and in force since 1 July 1967, first gathered together the organizational structures of the then three European Communities (European Coal and Steel Community, European Economic Community and Euratom). ... This article is about the settlement itself. ... is the 98th day of the year (99th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1965 (MCMLXV) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1965 Gregorian calendar. ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ... The Single European Act (SEA) was the first major revision of the Treaty of Rome. ... Hague redirects here. ... is the 48th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... is the 182nd day of the year (183rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year 1987. ... The European Community (EC), most important of three European Communities, was originally founded on March 25, 1957 by the signing of the Treaty of Rome under the name of European Economic Community. ...  EFTA countries (except Switzerland)  EU countries Together these form the EEA. The European Economic Area (EEA) came into being on January 1, 1994 following an agreement between the European Free Trade Association (EFTA) and the European Union (EU). ... The Amsterdam Treaty (in full: Treaty of Amsterdam amending the Treaty of the European Union, the Treaties establishing the European Communities and certain related acts) which was signed on October 2, 1997, and entered into force on May 1, 1999, made substantial changes to the Treaty on European Union which... is the 275th day of the year (276th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... Coming into force refers to the date and process by which legislation, or part of legislation, becomes a law. ... is the 121st day of the year (122nd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events of 2008: (EMILY) Me Lesley and MIley are going to China! This article is about the year. ... Decision making is the cognitive process of selecting a course of action from among multiple alternatives. ... Social policy is the study of the welfare state, and the range of responses to social need. ... This article is about work. ... For other uses, see Schengen. ... The Maastricht treaty (formally, the Treaty on European Union) was signed on 7 February 1992 in Maastricht between the members of the European Community and entered into force on 1 November 1993. ... Coordinates: , Country Province Area (2006)  - Municipality 60. ... Consolidation is the act of merging many things into one. ... Treaty of Nice The Treaty of Nice is a treaty adopted in Nice by the European Council to amend the two founding treaties of the European Union: the Treaty on European Union, or Maastricht Treaty, which introduced the Euro and the 3-pillar structure of the EU; the Treaty of... is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A Member of the European Parliament (English abbreviation MEP)[1] is a member of the European Unions directly-elected legislative body, the European Parliament. ... Berlaymont, the Commissions seat The European Commission (formally the Commission of the European Communities) is the executive branch of the European Union. ... Qualified Majority Voting (QMV) is a voting procedure employed in the Council of the European Union for some decisions. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... For the process of shaping metal by localized compressive forces, see Forging. ...

Accession treaties

Main article: Enlargement of the European Union The European Union (EU) was created by six founding states in 1957 (following the earlier establishment by the same six states of the European Coal and Steel Community in 1952) and has grown to 27 member states. ...

The founding treaties have also been amended (in a more limited fashion) whenever new member states acceded: It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into European Union. ...

• 1973: Acts of Accession of Denmark, Ireland, Norway and the United Kingdom, signed in Brussels on 22 January 1972. (Due to a negative referendum result, Norway did not ratify and thus did not join the EU.)
• 1981: Act of Accession of Greece, signed in Athens on 28 May 1979.
• 1986: Acts of Accession of Spain and Portugal, signed in Madrid and Lisbon on 12 June 1985.
• 1995: Acts of Accession of Austria, Sweden, Finland and Norway, signed in Corfu on 24 June 1994. (Norwegian voters again rejected membership in referendum.)
• 2004: Treaty of Accession 2003 signed in Athens on 16 April 2003 (Cyprus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Lithuania, Latvia, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia).
• 2007 : Treaty of Accession 2005 signed in Luxembourg on 13 April 2005 (Bulgaria, Romania).

For the song by James Blunt, see 1973 (song). ... This article is about the settlement itself. ... is the 22nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... AUGUST 25 1981 US Marine Sean Vance is Born on the 25th of August {ear nav|1981}} Year 1981 (MCMLXXXI) was a common year starting on Thursday (link displays the 1981 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the capital of Greece. ... is the 148th day of the year (149th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ... Year 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link displays 1986 Gregorian calendar). ... This article is about the Spanish capital. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This article is about the year. ... Year 1995 (MCMXCV) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... This article is about the Greek island Kerkyra known in English as Corfu or Corcyra. ... is the 175th day of the year (176th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1994 (MCMXCIV) The year 1994 was designated as the International Year of the Family and the International Year of the Sport and the Olympic Ideal by the United Nations. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Treaty of Accession 2003 was the agreement between the European Union and ten countries (Czech Republic, Estonia, Cyprus, Latvia, Lithuania, Hungary, Malta, Poland, Slovenia, Slovakia), concerning these countries accession into the EU. At the same time it changed a number of points which were originally laid down in the... This article is about the capital of Greece. ... is the 106th day of the year (107th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... European Union 2007  Member states The Treaty of Accession 2005 is an agreement between the member states of European Union and Bulgaria and Romania. ... is the 103rd day of the year (104th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Budgetary treaties

Lastly there have been two budgetary treaties:

• The Budgetary Treaty of 1970 (more fully the "Treaty amending Certain Budgetary Provisions of the Treaties establishing the European Communities and of the Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities"), signed in Luxembourg on 22 April 1970, gave the European Parliament the last word on what is known as "non-compulsory expenditure". It came into force on 1 January 1971.

• The Budgetary Treaty of 1975 (more fully the "Treaty amending Certain Financial Provisions of the Treaty establishing the European Communities and of the Treaty establishing a Single Council and a Single Commission of the European Communities"), signed in Brussels on 22 July 1975, gave the European Parliament the power to reject the budget as a whole, and created the European Court of Auditors. It came into force on 1 June 1977.

is the 112th day of the year (113th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Established 1952, as the Common Assembly President Hans-Gert Pöttering (EPP) Since 16 January 2007 Vice-Presidents 14 Rodi Kratsa-Tsagaropoulou (EPP) Alejo Vidal-Quadras (EPP) Gérard Onesta (Greens – EFA) Edward McMillan-Scott (ED) Mario Mauro (EPP) Miguel Angel Martínez Martínez (PES) Luigi Cocilovo (ALDE) Mechtild... is the 1st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1971 (MCMLXXI) was a common year starting on Friday (link will display full calendar) of the 1971 Gregorian calendar, known as the year of cyclohexanol. ... This article is about the settlement itself. ... is the 203rd day of the year (204th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The European Court of Auditors is one of five institutions of the European Union. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Also: 1977 (album) by Ash. ...

Unratified treaties

The Treaty instituting a European Defence Community sought to create a pan-European defence force, combining the national armies under a supranational structure. It was signed on 27 May 1952 but the French National Assembly refused to ratify it. It was to lead to a European Political Community Treaty, which was drafted but abandoned after the failed ratification of the EDC Treaty. The European Defence Community (EDC) was a plan proposed by René Pleven, the French prime minister at the time, in response to the American call for the rearmament of West Germany. ... is the 147th day of the year (148th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The Palais Bourbon, front The French National Assembly (French: Assemblée nationale) is one of the two houses of the bicameral Parliament of France under the Fifth Republic. ... The European Political Community was proposed in 1952 as a combination of the existing European Coal and Steel Community and the proposed European Defence Community (EDC). ...

The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe sought to consolidate, simplify and replace the existing set of overlapping treaties. It was signed on 29 October 2004 and was due to come into force on 1 November 2006, conditional on its ratification by all member states. During the process of ratification, France (on 29 May 2005) and then the Netherlands (on 1 June 2005) rejected the treaty in referendums. Wikisource has original text related to this article: Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe The constitutional treaty as signed in Rome on 29 October 2004 by representatives of the EU member states The Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe (TCE), commonly referred to as the European Constitution, was an unimplemented... is the 302nd day of the year (303rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 305th day of the year (306th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 149th day of the year (150th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 152nd day of the year (153rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Elections Part of the Politics series Politics Portal This box:      A referendum (plural referendums or referenda), ballot question, or plebiscite (from Latin plebiscita, originally a decree of the Concilium Plebis) is a direct vote in which an entire electorate is asked to either accept or reject a particular proposal. ...

Following the failed ratification of the Constitution, the Lisbon Treaty was agreed on 19 October 2007 at an informal meeting of European leaders in Lisbon. It was signed on 13 December 2007 and, expected ratification was due during 2008, with the treaty coming into force in 2009. Ireland was the only member state that held a public referendum on the Lisbon Treaty, rejecting it on 12 June 2008 and thus creating a considerable obstacle to the possibility of the treaty coming into force. For other uses, see Treaty of Lisbon (disambiguation). ... is the 292nd day of the year (293rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... For other uses, see Lisbon (disambiguation). ... is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar in the 21st century. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ... 2009 (MMIX) will be a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 163rd day of the year (164th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2008 (MMVIII) is the current year, a leap year that started on Tuesday of the Anno Domini (or common era), in accordance with the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

Wikisource has original text related to this article:

Category:Treaties and declarations of the European Union

• European Union law
• History of the European Union
• Berlin Declaration (2007)
• Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union

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