The Treaty of Amiens was signed on March 25, 1802 (Germinal 4, year X in the French Revolutionary Calendar) by Joseph Bonaparte and the Marquis Cornwallis as a "Definitive Treaty of Peace" between France and the United Kingdom. Most importantly, Britain was recognizing the French Republic at last. March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... --69. ... The French Revolutionary Calendar or French Republican Calendar is a calendar proposed during the French Revolution, and in use by the French government for 13 years from 1793. ... Joseph Bonaparte Joseph Bonaparte (January 7, 1768 – July 28, 1844) was the elder brother of the French Emperor Napoleon I, who made him King of Naples (1806–1808) and King of Spain (1808–1813). ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ...

Together with the Treaty of Lunéville (1801) the treaty of Amiens marked the end of the Second Coalition. The War started well for the Coalition, with General Bonaparte's reverses in Egypt. But, after France's victories at Marengo and Hohenlinden, Austria, Russia and Naples asked for peace. Nelson's victory at Copenhagen (April 2, 1801) halted the creation of the League of Armed Neutrality and led to a ceasefire (October) and negotiations. The Treaty was made possible by William Pitt's loss of power in London — Addington replaced him. The British negotiators were led by Robert Jenkinson, Lord Liverpool. A street in Dublin was named after the treaty. Dubliners call the street ay-me-ens street, but still manage the correct pronouncation of the French city. The Treaty of Lunéville was signed on February 9, 1801 between the French Republic and the Holy Roman Empire by Joseph Bonaparte and Louis, Count Cobentzel, respectively. ... The name Second Coalition (1798 - 1800) designates the second major concerted effort of multiple European powers to contain Revolutionary France. ... The Battle of Marengo was fought in Italy on June 14, 1800 as the decisive battle of the war of the Second Coalition. ... The Battle of Hohenlinden near Munich was fought on December 3, 1800, during the French victory under General Moreau against the Austrians under Archduke Karl, forcing him to sign an armistice. ... Lord Nelson Horatio Nelson, 1st Viscount Nelson (September 29, 1758 – October 21, 1805) was a British admiral who won fame as a leading naval commander. ... The Battle of Copenhagen The Battle of Copenhagen (Danish: Slaget på Reden) was a naval battle fought on 2 April 1801 by a British fleet under the command of Admiral Sir Hyde Parker, against a Danish fleet anchored just off Copenhagen. ... 2 April is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 273 days remaining. ... The Union Jack, flag of the newly formed United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. ... League of Armed Neutrality refers to one of two alliances of minor European naval powers (1780-1783 and 1800-1801), both intended to protect neutral shipping against the British Royal Navys wartime policy of unlimited search of neutral shipping for French contraband. ... The Right Honourable William Pitt, the Younger (28 May 1759–23 January 1806) was a British politician during the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries. ... The Right Honourable Henry Addington, 1st Viscount Sidmouth, PC (30 May 1757–15 February 1844) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1804. ... Robert Banks Jenkinson, 2nd Earl of Liverpool (June 7, 1770 - December 4, 1828) was a British statesman, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom from 1812 to 1827. ...

The treaty, beyond confirming "peace, friendship, and good understanding" arranged for the restoration of prisoners and hostages; the British monarchy surrendered its claim to the throne of France, a claim it had held since the beginning of the Hundred Years' War, additionally the UK gave up much of the West Indies to the Batavian Republic and also withdrew from Egypt but was granted Trinidad and Tobago and Ceylon; France withdrew from the Papal States; it fixed the borders of French Guiana; Malta, Gozo, and Comino were restored to the Order of St. John of Jerusalem and the islands were declared neutral. A map of Europe in the 1430s, near the end of the Hundred Years War The Hundred Years War is the name modern historians have given to what was actually a series of related conflicts, fought over a 116-year period, between England and France, and later Burgundy; beginning in... The Caribbean or the West Indies is a group of islands in the Caribbean Sea. ... From 1795 to 1806, the Batavian Republic (Bataafse Republiek in Dutch) designated the Netherlands as a republic modelled after the French Republic, to which it was a vassal state. ... The Papal States (Gli Stati della Chiesa or Stati Pontificii, States of the Church) was one of the major historical states of Italy before the boot-shaped peninsula was unified under the Piedmontese crown of Savoy (later a republic). ... The Knights Hospitaller (also known by such names as Knights of Rhodes, Knights of Malta, Cavaliers of Malta, and Order of St John of Jerusalem) is a tradition which began as a Benedictine nursing Order founded in Jerusalem, following the First Crusade, ca. ...

However, objections to the treaty were growing in Britain, especially as it seemed that Britain was making all the concessions. In addition Bonaparte had interfered with the Batavian and Cisalpine Republics and sent troops into Switzerland, breaking earlier treaties. Concerns were also raised by the sending of a major French Army to the Caribbean island of Santo Domingo, where it reimposed slavery and cracked down on the independence movement. As a result the British Government balked at implementing certain terms, such as evacuating their military presence from Malta, due to this French refusal to respect other terms of the treaty. Despite appeals from French Foreign Minster Talleyrand, Bonaparte refused to concede much, especially as it was rumoured that he had designs on Egypt again. As a result Addington strengthened the Royal Navy, and imposed a blockade of France. Though it is frequently written by the French that Britain seized all French ships in British ports, there appears to be no evidence to support such an assertion. Napoleon certainly believed it, or invented it. He said that 6 ships had been seized 'on the high seas', although these ships and their captains have never been named. In response on 2 Prairial in year 11 of the Revolution Calendar (22 May 1803) Bonaparte, as Consul, ordered the imprisonment of almost all British civilians who happened to be travelling through France. This was an act that was denounced as illegal by all the major powers. The detenus were men between the ages of 18 and 60. Napoleon claimed in the French press that the British hostages that he had taken amounted to 10,000, but French documents compiled in Paris a few months later show that the numbers were 1,181. It was not until the Abdication of Napoleon in 1814 that these British hostages were at last allowed to return home. Charles Maurice de Talleyrand Charles Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord (February 2, 1754 - May 17, 1838) was a French diplomat. ...

Addington was not an effective war Prime Minister, and was replaced on May 10th 1804 with William Pitt, who started the Third Coalition. Pitt has been alleged to be behind terrorist attempts at the Bonaparte's life (Cadoudal, Pichegru). In the Napoleonic Wars, the Third Coalition against Napoléon emerged in 1805, and consisted of an alliance of the United Kingdom, Austria, Russia, Naples, and Sweden against France. ... Charles Pichegru (February 16, 1761 - April 15, 1804), French general, was born at Arbois, or, according to Charles Nodier, at Les Planches, near Lons-le-Saulnier. ...

Napoleon, now Emperor, assembled armies on the coast of France to invade the British Isles, but Austria and Russia, Britain's allies, were preparing to invade France. The French armies were christened the Grande Armée and secretly left the coast to march against Austria and Russia before their armies could combine. It defeated Austria at Ulm the day before the Battle of Trafalgar, and France effectively destroyed the Third Coalition thanks to Napoléon's victory at the Battle of Austerlitz. For other uses, see Napoleon (disambiguation). ... La Grande Armée (in English, the Big or Grand Army) is the French military term for the main force in a military campaign. ... The Capitulation Of Ulm The Battle of Ulm, of the Napoleonic Wars, was fought in 1805 at Ulm in Wurttemberg. ... Combatants United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland First French Empire, Spain Commanders The Viscount Nelson † Pierre Charles Silvestre de Villeneuve Strength 27 ships of the line, 4 frigates, 2 others France: 18 ships of the line, 8 others Spain: 15 ships of the line Casualties 449 killed; 1,214... Combatants First French Empire Russia, Austrian Empire Commanders Napoleon I Alexander I Strength 67,000 73,000 Casualties 1,305 dead, 6,940 wounded, 573 captured (about 9,000 total), and 1 standard lost 15,000 dead or wounded, 12,000 captured (about 27,000 total); 180 guns and 50...

It has been said that Austerlitz killed Pitt.