The structure of human TPI PDB 1WYI
Triosephosphate isomerase 1
Identifiers
Symbol(s)	TPI1 (H. sapiens) TIM
Entrez	7167
OMIM	190450
RefSeq	NM_000365
UniProt	P60174
PDB	{{{PDB}}}
Other data
EC number	5.3.1.1
Locus	Chr. 12 p13

Triose-phosphate isomerase (TIM), is an enzyme (EC 5.3.1.1) that catalyzes the reversible interconvertion of triose phosphates isomers dihydroxyacetone phosphate and D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate. Image File history File links TPI1_structure. ... The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of proteins and nucleic acids. ... Hugo is a masculine name. ... The Entrez Global Query Cross-Database Search System allows access to databases at the National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) website. ... The Mendelian Inheritance in Man project is a database that catalogues all the known diseases with a genetic component, and - when possible - links them to the relevant genes in the human genome. ... The National Center for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) is part of the US National Library of Medicine (NLM), which is a branch of the US National Institutes of Health. ... Swiss-Prot is a curated biological database of protein sequences created in 1986 by Amos Bairoch during his PhD and developed by the Swiss Institute of Bioinformatics and the European Bioinformatics Institute. ... The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for 3-D structural data of proteins and nucleic acids. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... In biology and evolutionary computation, a locus is the position of a gene (or other significant sequence) on a chromosome. ... Chromosome 12 is one of the 23 pairs of chromosomes in humans. ... Ribbon diagram of the enzyme TIM. TIM is catalytically perfect, meaning its conversion rate is limited, or nearly limited to its substrate diffusion rate. ... The Enzyme Commission number (EC number) is a numerical classification scheme for enzymes, based on the chemical reactions they catalyze. ... In chemistry, a catalyst (Greek: καταλύτης, catalytēs) is a substance that decreases the activation energy of a chemical reaction (see also catalysis) without itself being changed at the end of the chemical reaction. ... A triose is a monosaccharide containing three carbon atoms. ... In chemistry, isomers are molecules with the same chemical formula and often with the same kinds of bonds between atoms, but in which the atoms are arranged differently. ... DHAP (or Dihydroxyacetonephosphate) is a biochemical compound involved in many reactions, from the Calvin Cycle in plants to the ether-lipid biosynthesis process in Leishmania mexicana. ... G3P (structure) Glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (G3P) is an intermediate in both glycolysis and gluconeogenesis. ...

TIM plays an important role in glycolysis and is essential for efficient energy production. TIM is found in all organisms in which it was looked for, including humans, chickens, the parasitic protozoan that causes sleeping sickness, and the intestinal bacterium E. coli. Glycolysis is a series of biochemical reactions by which a molecule of glucose (Glc) is oxidized to two molecules of pyruvic acid (Pyr). ... A parasite is an organism that spends a significant portion of its life in or on the living tissue of a host organism and which causes harm to the host without immediately killing it. ... Wikisource has an original article from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica about: Protozoa Protozoa (in Greek proto = first and zoa = animal) are single-celled eukaryotes (organisms whose cells have nuclei) that show some characteristics usually associated with animals, most notably mobility and heterotrophy. ... It has been suggested that Trypanosomiasis be merged into this article or section. ... The intestine is the portion of the alimentary canal extending from the stomach to the anus and, in humans and other mammals, consists of two segments, the small intestine and the large intestine. ... Subgroups Actinobacteria Aquificae Bacteroidetes/Chlorobi Chlamydiae/Verrucomicrobia Chloroflexi Chrysiogenetes Cyanobacteria Deferribacteres Deinococcus-Thermus Dictyoglomi Fibrobacteres/Acidobacteria Firmicutes Fusobacteria Gemmatimonadetes Nitrospirae Planctomycetes Proteobacteria Spirochaetes Thermodesulfobacteria Thermomicrobia Thermotogae Bacteria (singular: bacterium) are a major group of living organisms. ... Binomial name Escherichia coli T. Escherich, 1885 E. coli at 10,000x magnification Escherichia coli, usually abbreviated to E. coli, discovered by Theodor Escherich, a pediatrician and bacteriologist, is one of the main species of bacteria that live in the lower intestines of mammals. ...

Deficiencies in TIM are associated with haemolytic anaemia coupled with a progressive, severe neurological disorder. Hemolysis (alternative spelling haemolysis) is the excessive breakdown of red blood cells. ...

Structure

TIM is a dimer of identical subunits, each of which is made up of about 250 amino acid residues. The three-dimensional structure of a subunit contains eight α-helices (blue and red) on the outside and eight parallel β-strands on the inside (violet and yellow). This structural motif is called an αβ-barrel, or a TIM-barrel, and is by far the most commonly observed protein fold. The active site of this enzyme is in the center of the barrel. A glutamic acid residue is involved in the catalytic mechanism. The sequence around the active site residue is conserved in all known TIM's. Sucrose, or common table sugar, is composed of glucose and fructose. ... In structural biology, a protein subunit or subunit protein is a single protein molecule that assembles (or coassembles) with other protein molecules to form a multimeric or oligomeric protein. ... An amino acid residue is what is left of an amino acid once a molecule of water has been lost (an H+ from the nitrogenous side and an OH- from the carboxylic side) in the formation of a peptide bond. ... A diagram of the alpha helix structure of amino acids In proteins, the α helix is a major structural motif in secondary structure. ... Diagram of Î’-Pleated sheet and bond structure of protein The β sheet (also β-pleated sheet) is a commonly occurring form of regular secondary structure in proteins, first proposed by Linus Pauling and Robert Corey in 1951. ... Top view of a triosephosphateisomerase (TIM) barrel (PDB accession code 8TIM), colored from blue (N-terminus) to red (C-terminus). ... Protein folding is the process by which a protein structure assumes its functional shape or conformation. ... The active site of an enzyme is the binding site where catalysis occurs. ... Glutamic acid (Glu), also referred to as glutamate (the anion), is one of the 20 proteinogenic amino acids. ...

See also

• TIM barrel