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See Severe weather terminology for a comprehensive article on this term and related weather terms. A NOAA national weather forecast This article describes severe weather terminology used by the U.S. National Weather Service. ...
Warnings and watches are two levels of alert issued by national weather forecasting bodies to coastal areas threatened by the imminent approach of a tropical cyclone of tropical storm or hurricane intensity. They are notices to the local population and civil authorities to make appropriate preparation for the cyclone, including evacuation of vulnerable areas where necessary. It is important that interests throughout the area of an alert make preparations to protect life and property, and do not disregard it on the strength of the detailed forecast track. Tropical cyclones are not points, and forecasting their track remains an uncertain science. Image File history File links Nuvola_apps_browser. ...
Weather forecasting is the application of current technology and science to predict the state of the atmosphere for a future time and a given location. ...
Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004. ...
This article is about weather phenomena. ...
This article is about weather phenomena. ...
North Atlantic systems
The following terminology used by the US National Hurricane Center is the model for countries around the North Atlantic and in the Caribbean basin. This is also used for the Pacific coasts of Mexico, Central America, southern California, and Hawaii. ...
The US National Hurricane Center is the division of National Weather Services Tropical Prediction Center responsible for tracking and predicting the likely behavior of tropical depressions, tropical storms and hurricanes. ...
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest ocean, covering approximately one-fifth of the earths surface. ...
Central America and the Caribbean (detailed pdf map) The Caribbean, (Spanish: Caribe; French: Caraïbe or more commonly Antilles; Dutch: Cariben or Caraïben, or more commonly Antillen) or the West Indies, is a group of islands and countries which are in or border the Caribbean Sea which lies on...
Map of Central America Central America is a central region of the Americas. ...
Official language(s) English Capital Largest city Sacramento Los Angeles Area Ranked 3rd - Total 158,302 sq. ...
Official language(s) Hawaiian and English Capital Largest city Honolulu Honolulu Area - Total - Width - Length - % water - Latitude - Longitude Ranked 43rd 10,941 sq mi 28,337 km² n/a miles n/a km 1,522 miles 2,450 km 41. ...
Tropical storms Before the 1987 Atlantic hurricane season, tropical storm alerts were described as Gale Watches / Warnings, not distinguished from non-tropical storms. The 1987 Atlantic hurricane season was an ongoing event in the annual cycle of tropical cyclone formation. ...
A gale is a wind of at least 28 knots, 32 MPH, or 51km/h; and up to 55 knots, 63 MPH, or 102km/h. ...
Tropical Storm Watch A tropical storm watch (TRA) is issued when tropical storm conditions, including winds from 39 to 73 mph (35 to 64 knots, 63 to 117 km/h) pose a possible threat to a specified coastal area within 36 hours. Maritime flags indicate this with a single square red flag. Wind is the roughly horizontal movement of air (as opposed to an air current) caused by uneven heating of the Earths surface. ...
The tricolour flag of France A flag is a piece of coloured cloth flown from a pole or mast, usually for purposes of signalling or identification. ...
Tropical Storm Warning A tropical storm warning (TRW) is issued when tropical storm conditions (as above) are expected in a specified coastal area within 24 hours or less. Maritime flags indicate this with two square red flags.
Hurricanes
Hurricane Watch A hurricane watch (HWA) is issued for a specified coastal area for which a hurricane or a hurricane-related hazard is a possible threat within 36 hours. Maritime flags indicate this with a single square red flag with a black square in the middle.
Hurricane Warning A hurricane warning (HWW) is issued when a hurricane with sustained winds of 74 mph (65 knots, 118 km/h) or higher is expected in a specified coastal area in 24 hours or less. Maritime flags indicate this with two square red flags with a black square in the middle of each.
A hurricane warning can remain in effect when dangerously high water or a combination of dangerously high water and exceptionally high waves continues, even though the winds may have subsided below hurricane intensity. ...
Breaking waves at Childrens Pool, in La Jolla, CA A wave just before breaking at Manhattan Beach, CA Waves breaking on rocks Plunging wave or dumper forming a tube Ocean surface waves are surface waves which occur at the surface of an ocean. ...
Where the intensity or track of a forecast cyclone are uncertain (such as a tropical storm bordering hurricane intensity or on the edge of a track), a Tropical Storm Warning and a Hurricane Watch are often in effect at the same time on parts of the coast. Maritime flags indicate this with two square red flags with a black square in the middle on only one of them.
Inland advisories The following alerts are issued for inland areas that may see tropical storm or hurricane force wind and/or rain conditions, but are not located along the coast. These started appearing in the 2000s, originally with the word "Wind" inserted before the "Watch" or "Warning", which has been dropped for 2005. All appear to be issued with an Emergency Alert System event codes HWA and HWW, used for high wind watches and warnings, though they may now be under the same codes and regular tropical cyclone advisories. Previously, standard High Wind Warnings and Watches were issued (which imply tropical storm force or stronger). 2000s - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia /**/ @import /skins-1. ...
Template:Diffgggtgerent calendars 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
The Emergency Alert System (EAS), is a national system in the U.S. put into place in 1997, superseding the Emergency Broadcast System and administered by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC). ...
Inland Tropical Storm Watch Issued for inland areas when sustained winds of 39 to 73 mph (62 to 117 km/h) associated with a tropical storm are anticipated beyond the coastal areas though the actual occurrence, timing and location are still uncertain.
Inland Tropical Storm Warning Issued for inland counties when tropical storm conditions are anticipated beyond the coastal areas in the next six to twelve hours.
Inland Hurricane Watch Issued for inland counties that sustained winds of 74 mph (118 km/h) or greater associated with a hurricane are anticipated beyond the coastal areas though the actual occurrence, timing and location are still uncertain.
Inland Hurricane Warning Issued for inland counties that sustained hurricane force winds are anticipated beyond the coastal areas in the next six to twelve hours.
Other advisories Other advisories are also commonly issued in association with tropical cyclones, but are not specific to them. Tropical cyclones often produce tornadoes, prompting the issuing of severe thunderstorm and tornado watches and warnings. A wind advisory would be issued for inland wind conditions (either at the extreme edges of the storm or far inland) that are strong (at least 25 mph/40 km/h) but sustained below tropical storm force. Heavy rains associated with tropical systems often result in flood watches and warnings. Gale warnings are typically issued for coastal areas surrounding the storm but where it is unlikely to travel. Still lighter winds at the extreme fringes carry a small craft advisory. Union City, Oklahoma tornado (1973) A tornado is a violently rotating column of air which is in contact with both a cumulonimbus (or, in rare cases, cumulus) cloud base and the surface of the earth. ...
A severe thunderstorm is a thunderstorm with winds 58 mph or greater, 3/4 inch or larger hail, or tornadoes. ...
A tornado watch is issued when weather conditions are favorable for the development of severe thunderstorms that are capable of producing tornados. ...
A tornado warning is issued when: a tornado is reported on the ground, a funnel cloud is reported in the sky, a waterspout is headed toward landfall, or a thunderstorm with strong rotation is indicated by doppler radar. ...
A Flood watch is issued when weather conditions are favorable for very heavy rain and flash flooding. ...
It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Severe weather terminology. ...
A small craft advisory is a type of warning issued by the National Weather Service in the United States, most frequently in coastal areas. ...
Regional notes Before the 2004 Atlantic hurricane season, these warnings were not issued in Canada (who simply issued standard wind and rain warnings, which are now issued alongside the NHC-standard warnings). That policy was changed due to the lack of warning from four storms in 2003 that affected different land and offshore areas of Canada, the worst of which was Hurricane Juan in Nova Scotia. The inland watches and warnings are not differentiated from the coastal watches and warnings in Canada; the hurricane and tropical storm watches and warnings can be issued for any forecast area. First storm formed: August 1, 2004 Last storm dissipated: December 2, 2004 Strongest storm: Ivan - 910 mbar (26. ...
First storm formed: April 20, 2003 Last storm dissipated: Dec. ...
Hurricane Juan was an Atlantic hurricane that struck Nova Scotia and Prince Edward Island in September 2003. ...
Motto: Munit Haec et Altera Vincit (Latin: One defends and the other conquers) Official languages None (English,French,Gaelic) Capital Halifax Largest city Halifax Lieutenant-Governor Myra Freeman Premier Rodney MacDonald (PC) Parliamentary representation - House seat - Senate seats 11 10 Area Total • Land • Water (% of total) Ranked 12th 55,283...
West Pacific systems
Pearl River Delta Main article: Hong Kong Tropical Cyclone Warning Signals
The Pearl River Delta uses a variety of warning systems to inform the public regarding the risks of tropical cyclones to the area. The Hong Kong Observatory issues typhoon signals to indicate the existence and approximate location of a tropical cyclone from Hong Kong. The Direcção dos Serviços Meteorológicos e Geofisicos in Macau uses a similar system. The Shenzhen Meteorological Observatory uses a different system of numbered and color-coded warnings, but the scale is silmilar to those used in Hong Kong and Macau.[1] Map of Pearl River Delta (details) The Pearl River Delta (PRD, Chinese: ç 江三角洲; Mandarin Pinyin: ZhÅ« JiÄng SÄnjiÇŽozhÅu; Cantonese IPA: ; Jyutping: zyu1 gong1 saam1 gok3 zau1), China, occupies the low-lying areas alongside the Pearl River estuary where the river flows into the South China Sea. ...
Hong Kong Observatory (Chinese: 香港天文å°; Yale: hÄ“ung góng tÄ«n mà hn tòih, Jyutping: hoeng1 gong2 tin1 man4 toi4; Mandarin Pinyin: XiÄnggÇŽng TiÄnwén Tái), known as the Royal Observatory (Chinese: 皇家香港天文å°) before 1997, is a department of the Government of the Hong Kong Special...
See also Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1000x662, 320 KB) http://eol. ...
Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004. ...
External links - NHC - watches and warnings
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