Tropicalismo, also known as Tropicália, is a Brazilian art movement that arose in the late 1960s and encompassed theatre, poetry and music, among other forms. Tropicalia was influenced by poesia concreta, a genre of Brazilian avant garde poetry embodied in the works of Augusto de Campos, Haroldo de Campos and Décio Pignatari, among a few others. [1] The Loves of Zero 35 mm film by Robert Florey 1927 Avant-garde in French means front guard, advance guard, or vanguard. ... Augusto de Campos (born 1931) is a Brazilian writer who was a founder of the Concrete poetry movement in Brazil. ... Haroldo de Campos was a brazilian poet and translator. ...

"Tropicalismo" or "Tropicália" is associated almost exclusively with the movement's musical expression, both in Brazil and internationally; a form of Brazilian music that arose in the late 1960s from a melange of bossa nova, rock and roll, Bahia folk music, African music and Portuguese fado. Image File history File links OsMutantesAMinhaMenina. ... Software development stages In computer programming, development stage terminology expresses how the development of a piece of software has progressed and how much further development it may require. ... Os Mutantes (IPA pronunciation: , Portuguese for The Mutants) was an influential Brazilian psychedelic rock band that arose out of the Tropicalia movement of the late 1960s. ... Os Mutantes is the debut album by the Brazilian tropicalia band Os Mutantes. ... Dr. Seuss Jean Shepherd Ringo Starr John Steinbeck Gloria Steinem Tom Stoppard Hunter S. Thompson Gore Vidal Peter Vincent Kurt Vonnegut Andy Warhol Alan Watts Bob Weir Brian Wilson Tom Wolfe There were six Olympics held during the decade. ... Bossa nova is a style of Brazilian music created by Antônio Carlos Jobim and João Gilberto and first introduced in Brazil by Gilbertos recording of Chega de Saudade, in 1958, a song written by Antônio Carlos Jobim, first released as a single, and shortly thereafter as... Rock and roll (also spelled Rock n Roll, especially in its first decade), also called rock, is a form of popular music, usually featuring vocals (often with vocal harmony), electric guitars and a strong back beat; other instruments, such as the saxophone, are common in some styles. ... Flag of Bahia See other Brazilian States Capital Salvador Largest City Salvador Area 564 273 km² Population   - Total   - Density 13 070 250 23. ... Fado singer Débora Rodrigues performs in Lisbon Fado (translated as destiny or fate) is a music genre which can be traced from the 1820s in Portugal, but probably with much earlier origins. ...

In the beginning, Tropicalia was not only a musical movement, but also took form in the visual arts scene of 1960s Brazil, by the hands of the artists Hélio Oiticica, Lygia Clark, Rogério Duarte and Antonio Dias. The name "Tropicália" came from an Hélio Oiticica art installation of the same name. It is important to note that one of the cultural constructs of the Tropicalia movement was "Antropofagia" or the cultural and musical cannibalism of all societies, taking in without prejudice influences from all types of genres and concocting something unique. The concept of antropofagia as embraced by the Tropicália movement was created by poet Oswald de Andrade in his 1928 "Manifesto Antropófago (Cannibal Manifesto)" Lygia Clark (1920 – 1988) is a Brazilian artist best known for her painting and installation work. ... Portrait of Oswald de Andrade by Tarsila do Amaral José Oswald de Andrade Souza (January 11, 1890–October 22, 1954) was a Brazilian poet and polemicist. ...

Tropicália: ou Panis et Circenses is considered the seminal album of the movement.

The 1968 collaboration album Tropicália: ou Panis et Circenses is considered the musical manifesto of the movement. Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil are considered to be the leaders of the movement. Veloso, Gil and other artists commonly associated with the movement, notably Os Mutantes, have experimented with unusual time signatures and other means of unorthodox song structures. A lot of Tropicalismo artists were driven by socially aware lyrics and political activism following the coup of 1964, much like its contemporary Brazilian film movement, Cinema Novo (Brazilian new wave). The movement only lasted consistently for a few years, and, in part, is responsible for what is now known as Música Popular Brasileira (Brazilian Popular Music), or MPB. Tropicália as a movement ended in 1969 when its leaders, Caetano Veloso and Gilberto Gil, were jailed for about a month and, shortly after their release, exiled by the military government. (They relocated to London until 1972.) Image File history File links Tropicalia. ... Image File history File links Tropicalia. ... 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday. ... Caetano Veloso at Umbria Jazz (Perugia, Italy) Caetano Veloso (born 7 August 1942) is one of the most popular and influential Brazilian composers and singers. ... The minister sets the rhythm for Brazils culture policy Gilberto Passos Gil Moreira (born June 26, 1942) is a Brazilian singer, guitarist and songwriter, and the countrys current Minister of Culture. ... Os Mutantes (IPA pronunciation: , Portuguese for The Mutants) was an influential Brazilian psychedelic rock band that arose out of the Tropicalia movement of the late 1960s. ... The time signature (also known as meter signature) is a notational device used in Western musical notation to specify how many beats are in each bar and which note value (minim, crotchet, eighth note and so on) constitutes one beat. ... São Paulo, Brazils largest city and fourth largest in the world, is an example of income inequality. ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... Cinema Novo was a movement among Brazilian film makers in the second half of the 20th century, summarized by the phrase Uma câmera na mão e uma idéia na cabeça (which roughly translates to A camera in the hand and an idea in the head). The... Música Popular Brasileira, or MPB, literally Brazilian Popular Music, designating a trend in post-Bossa Nova urban popular music. ... This article is about the capital of England and the United Kingdom. ...

Although it attained little commercial success outside of Brazil, Tropicalismo has a growing popularity [2] [3], and has been cited as an influence by rock musicians such as David Byrne, Beck, Kurt Cobain, Arto Lindsay and Nelly Furtado. In 1998, Beck released Mutations, the title of which is a tribute to Tropicalismo pioneers Os Mutantes. Its hit single, "Tropicalia", went as high as #21 on the Billboard Modern Rock singles chart. David Byrne (born May 14, 1952 in Dumbarton, Scotland) is a musician best known as a founding member and the principal songwriter of the New Wave band Talking Heads. ... Beck Hansen (born Bek David Campbell, July 8, 1970) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, known by his simple stage name of Beck. ... Kurt Donald Cobain (February 20, 1967 – c. ... Arto Lindsay (born May 28, 1953) is an American guitarist and singer. ... Nelly Kim Furtado (born December 2, 1978) is a Canadian singer-songwriter, instrumentalist, and record producer. ... 1998 (MCMXCVIII) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar, and was designated the International Year of the Ocean. ... Beck Hansen (born Bek David Campbell, July 8, 1970) is an American musician, singer-songwriter, and multi-instrumentalist, known by his simple stage name of Beck. ... Mutations is an indie rock album by Beck and was released in 1998. ... Billboard is a weekly American magazine devoted to the music industry. ...

In 2002 Caetano Veloso published an account of the Tropicalia movement, "Tropical Truth: A Story of Music and Revolution in Brazil." The 1999 compilation "Tropicália Essentials," featuring songs by Gil, Veloso, Gal Costa, Tom Zé and Os Mutantes, is an excellent introduction to the style. The 2006 collaboration "Tropicalia: A Brazilian Revolution In Sound" has received nearly universal acclaim[4]. Caetano Veloso at Umbria Jazz (Perugia, Italy) Caetano Veloso (born 7 August 1942) is one of the most popular and influential Brazilian composers and singers. ... Gal Costa (born Maria da Graça Costa Penna Burgos September 26, 1945) in Salvador, Brazil, is a popular singer in Brazil. ... Tom Zé (born Antônio José Santana Martins, 1936 in Bahia, Brazil) is a Brazilian songwriter and composer. ...

Key musical artists

• Caetano Veloso
• Gilberto Gil
• Os Mutantes
• Tom Zé
• Gal Costa
• Maria Bethânia (more associated with Bossa Nova and MPB, but is the sister of Veloso)
• Jorge Ben Jor (was a famous artist in Brazil outside of Tropicália, but later worked with Gil)

Caetano Veloso at Umbria Jazz (Perugia, Italy) Caetano Veloso (born 7 August 1942) is one of the most popular and influential Brazilian composers and singers. ... The minister sets the rhythm for Brazils culture policy Gilberto Passos Gil Moreira (born June 26, 1942) is a Brazilian singer, guitarist and songwriter, and the countrys current Minister of Culture. ... Os Mutantes (IPA pronunciation: , Portuguese for The Mutants) was an influential Brazilian psychedelic rock band that arose out of the Tropicalia movement of the late 1960s. ... Tom Zé (born Antônio José Santana Martins, 1936 in Bahia, Brazil) is a Brazilian songwriter and composer. ... Gal Costa (born Maria da Graça Costa Penna Burgos September 26, 1945) in Salvador, Brazil, is a popular singer in Brazil. ... Maria Bethânia is a Brazilian singer. ... 1969s self-tiled album Jorge Ben Jorge Ben Jor is a Brazilian popular musician, born in Rio de Janeiro on March 22, 1942 (some sources say 1940). ...

References

• McGowan, Chris and Pessanha, Ricardo. "The Brazilian Sound: Samba, Bossa Nova and the Popular Music of Brazil." Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1998 ISBN 1-56639-545-3
• Dunn, Christopher. "Brutality Garden: Tropicália and the Emergence of a Brazilian Counterculture." Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001. ISBN 0-8078-4976-6
• Mei, Giancarlo. Canto Latino: Origine, Evoluzione e Protagonisti della Musica Popolare del Brasile. 2004. Stampa Alternativa-Nuovi Equilibri. Preface by Sergio Bardotti and postface by Milton Nascimento.
• [FOB*SA] Ponce de Leon

External links

• An excellent site on Tropicália which includes biographies, interviews and pictures of many key artists in the movement
• An excerpt from "The Brazilian Sound" about the Tropicália and Tropicalismo
• An article from PBS newshour on the impact of Tropicalismo and Caetano Veloso
• Brazilian Tropicália

Video

• Documentary 52': Brazil, the Tropicalist Revolution