Tsushima Island Native name: 対馬
Geography
Location	Tsushima Strait
Coordinates	34°25′N, 129°20′E
Administration
Japan
City	Tsushima, Nagasaki

Tsushima Island (対馬 Tsushima) is an island in Japan, situated in the Tsushima Strait at 34°25'N and 129°20'E.^[1] It is the largest island of the Nagasaki Prefecture. In the past, a separate provincial branch governed the island. In March 2004, all six towns on the island merged to form the city of Tsushima, which encompasses the entire island^[2]. Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... The Tsushima Strait is the eastern channel of the Korea Strait Tsushima Strait (対馬海峡, also known in Western historical reference works as the Tsu Shima Strait or Tsu-Shima Strait) is that part of the Korea Strait located east and south of the Tsushima Islands. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Japan. ... A city ) is a local administrative unit in Japan. ... Tsushima (対馬市; Tsushima-shi) is a city governed by Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. ... The Tsushima Strait is the eastern channel of the Korea Strait Tsushima Strait (対馬海峡, also known in Western historical reference works as the Tsu Shima Strait or Tsu-Shima Strait) is that part of the Korea Strait located east and south of the Tsushima Islands. ... Oranda-zaka (Dutch Slope) in Nagasaki Castle in Shimabara The island of Hirado boasts a fine castle Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県; Nagasaki-ken) is located on Kyushu island, Japan. ... Tsushima Province (対馬国; Tsushima-no kuni) was an old province of Japan (-19c) on Tsushima Island which occupied the area corresponding to modern-day Tsushima, Nagasaki. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... Tsushima (対馬市; Tsushima-shi) is a city governed by Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. ...

Geography

Tsushima Island is located horizontally west of the Kanmon Strait between Honshū and Kyūshū of the Japan's mainland. The Korea Strait splits at the Tsushima Island Archipelago into two channels; the wider channel, also closer to the mainland of Japan, is the Tsushima Strait. Ōfunakoshi-Seto and Manzeki-Seto, the two canals built in 1671 and 1900 respectively, connect the deep indentation of the Aso Bay (浅茅湾) to the east side of the island. The archipelago comprises thirteen smaller islets in addition to the main island. Kanmonkyo bridge from the Moji side The Kanmon Straits (関門海峡 Kanmon Kaikyo) or Straits of Shimonoseki is the stretch of water separating two of Japans four main islands. ... HonshÅ« (本州 Literally Main State) is the largest island of Japan, called the Mainland; it is south of Hokkaido across the Tsugaru Strait, north of Shikoku across the Inland Sea, and northeast of Kyushu across the Kanmon Strait. ... KyÅ«shÅ« region of Japan and the current prefectures on KyÅ«shÅ« island KyÅ«shÅ« ), literally Nine Provinces, is the third largest island of Japan and most southerly and westerly of the four main islands. ... The Korea Strait is a sea passage between South Korea and Japan, connecting the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) in the northwest Pacific Ocean. ... The Mergui Archipelago An archipelago is a landform which consists of a chain or cluster of islands. ...

Tsushima is the closest Japanese territory to the Korean peninsula lying within fifty kilometres from Busan;^{[citation needed]} on a clear day, the hills and mountains of the Korean peninsula are visible from the higher elevations on the two northern mountains. The nearest Japanese port Iki, situated entirely in the Tsushima Basin, is also fifty kilometres away^{[citation needed]}. The Tsushima Island and the Iki Island contain the Iki–Tsushima Quasi-National Park,^[2] designated as a nature preserve and protected from further development. 89% of Tsushima is covered by natural vegetation and mountains.^[3] The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ... Busan Metropolitan City, also known as Pusan[1] is the largest port city in the Republic of Korea. ... Iki (壱岐市; -shi) is a city located at Iki Island in Nagasaki, Japan. ... Map of the Sea of Japan (East sea), showing the basin The Tsushima Basin (Japanese:) or Ulleung Basin (Korean:) is an oceanic basin located where the Sea of Japan (East Sea) meets the Korea Strait. ... Iki Island (壱岐島) an island lying between the island of Kyushu and Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait. ...

The Japanese government administers the Tsushima Island as a single entity, although it consists of two separate main islands connected by the narrow isthmus outlined by the Aso Bay. The northern area is known as Kamino-shima, and the southern island as Shimono-shima. Both sub-islands have a pair of mountains: Shimono-shima has Mount Yatachi (矢立山), 649 metres (2,130 feet) high,^{[citation needed]} and Shira-dake, 512 metres (1,680 feet) high.^{[citation needed]} Kamino-shima has Ibeshi-yama, 344 metres (1,128 feet)^{[citation needed]} and Mi-take, 487 metres (1,598 feet).^{[citation needed]} The two main sections of the island are now joined by a combination bridge and causeway^[4][5]. The island has a total area of 696.26 square kilometres. There is still dispute as to whether Japan is a constitutional monarchy or a republic. ... The Isthmus of Panama connects North and South America. ... Kamino-shima is the double-mountained northern end of Tsushima Island, which lies in the Korea / Tsushima Straits between the East China Sea to the south and the Sea of Japan to the north, and Korea to the west and mainland Japan to the east. ... Shimono-shima is the southern end of Tsushima Island, which lies in the Korea / Tsushima Straits between the East China Sea to the south and the Sea of Japan to the north, and Korea to the west and mainland Japan to the east. ...

A harbor on Tsushima Island

Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1261x900, 405 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1261x900, 405 KB) Please see the file description page for further information. ...

Climate

Tsushima has a marine subtropical climate strongly influenced by the monsoon winds.^{[citation needed]} The average temperature is 15.5°C,^{[citation needed]} and the average yearly precipitation is 2,133 millimetres.^{[citation needed]} The highest temperature ever recorded on the island is 36.0°C, in 1966,^{[citation needed]} and the lowest –8.6°C, in 1895.^{[citation needed]} Mostly throughout the year, Tsushima is 1 ~ 2 °C cooler than the city of Nagasaki.^{[citation needed]} The island's rainfall is generally larger than that of the main islands of Japan, which is attributed to the difference in their size. Because Tsushima is small and isolated, it is exposed on all sides to moist marine air, which releases precipitation as it ascends the island's steep slopes. Continental monsoon winds carry loess (yellow sand) from China in the spring and cool the island in the winter^[2]. The rainy season begins and ends later than other areas in Nagasaki Prefecture, and Tsushima rarely suffers direct hits by typhoons.^[6] Subtropical (or semitropical) areas are those adjacent to the tropics, usually roughly defined as the ranges 23. ... Monsoon in the Vindhya mountain range, central India A monsoon is a rainy season which lasts for several months and has lasting climatic effects. ... Megane-bashi (Spectacles Bridge) Nagasaki   listen? (長崎市; -shi, literally long peninsula) is the capital and the largest city of Nagasaki Prefecture located at the south-western coast of Kyushu, Japan. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... A wet season or rainy season is a season in which the average rainfall in a region is significantly increased. ... Cyclone Catarina, a rare South Atlantic tropical cyclone viewed from the International Space Station on March 26, 2004. ...

Economy

According to a 2000 census, 23.9% of the local population is employed in primary industries, while 19.7% and 56.4% of the population are employed in secondary and tertiary industries, respectively. Of these economic activities, fishing amounts to 82.6% of the primary industry, with much of it dedicated to catching squid on the eastern coast of the island. Suborders †Plesioteuthididae (incertae sedis) Myopsina Oegopsina Squid are a large, diverse group of marine cephalopods. ...

However, the number of employees in the primary industries has been decreasing, while employee growth in the secondary and tertiary industries has increased. Tourism, targeting mainly Koreans, has recently made a great contribution to the islands' economy.

Demographics and culture

The population of the Tsushima Island has been decreasing significantly, as evidenced by the 5.2% decrease between the years of 1995 and 2000.^[2] Nuclear families are replacing the traditional extended families, therefore, maintaining the number of households at a smaller population.^[2] The elderly population makes up for nearly a quarter of the population, much higher than 20.8% of the Nagasaki Prefecture and the national average of 17.3%.^[2] Religious traditions on Tsushima Island mirror those of the rest of Japan, with a majority of the population adhering to Buddhism or Shinto. A silhouette of Buddha at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... Shinto ) is the native religion of Japan and was once its state religion. ...

^[2]

History

Early history

Archeological evidence suggests that Tsushima was already inhabited by settlers from the Japanese archipelago and Korean peninsula from the Jōmon period to the Kofun period. According to the Sanguo Zhi, a Chinese historical text, a thousand families in Tsushima founded the Tsuikai kingdom (対海国).^[7] These families exerted control over Iki Island, and established trading links with Yayoi Japan. Since Tsushima had almost no land to cultivate, islanders earned their living by fishing and trading. Japanese mythology states that Tsushima was one of the eight original islands created by the Shinto deities Izanagi and Izanami. The Japanese Archipelago which forms the country of Japan extends from north to south along the eastern coast of the Eurasian Continent, the western shore of the Pacific Ocean. ... The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula in East Asia. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Jomon Period. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Yamato period. ... The Sānguó Zhì (Chinese 三国志, or 三國誌), variously translated as Chronicles of the Three Kingdoms, Records of the Three States and Records of the Three Kingdoms, was the official and authoritative historical text on the Three Kingdoms Period compiled by Chen Shou during the Jin Dynasty (265-420). ... The history of China is told in traditional historical records that go back to the Three sovereigns and five emperors about 5,000 years ago, supplemented by archaeological records dating to the 16th century BC. China is one of the worlds oldest continuous civilizations. ... Iki Island (壱岐島) an island lying between the island of Kyushu and Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait. ... This article is about a Japanese historical era. ... Japanese mythology is a very complex system of beliefs that embraces Shinto and Buddhist traditions as well as agriculture-based folk religion. ... 天瓊を以て滄海を探るの図. Painting by Eitaku Kobayashi (Meiji period). ... In Japanese mythology, Izanami (Katakana: イザナミ; Kanji: 伊弉冉尊 or 伊邪那美命, meaning She who invites) is a goddess of both creation and death, as well as the former wife of the god Izanagi. ...

Beginning in the early 6th century, Tsushima was a province of Japan, known as Tsushima Province (対馬国 Tsushima-no-kuni or 対州 Taishū). However, before the rise of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea, the Koreans periodically considered Tsushima to be Korean territory.^[8] Some Koreans believe that the ancient Korean kingdom of Silla took Tsushima as a dependency, though it is not known whether actual control was exerted over the island. The discovery of a book written by American missionary Homer Hulbert mentioning Silla's occupation of Tsushima island has been cited by modern Korean historian, Lee Hyun-bok.^[9] Tsushima Province (対馬国; Tsushima-no kuni) was an old province of Japan (-19c) on Tsushima Island which occupied the area corresponding to modern-day Tsushima, Nagasaki. ... Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong Capital Hanseong Language(s) Korean Religion Neo-Confucianism Government Monarchy Wang  - 1392 - 1398 Taejo (first)  - 1863 - 1897 Gojong (last)1 Yeong-uijeong  - 1431 - 1449 Hwang Hui  - 1466 - 1472 Han Myeonghoe  - 1592 - 1598 Ryu Seongryong  - 1894 Kim Hongjip History  - Coup of 1388... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ...

Under the Ritsuryo system, Tsushima became a province of Japan. This province was politically and economically linked with Dazaifu, the central city of Kyūshū, as well as the central government of Japan. Due to its strategic location, Tsushima played a major role in defending Japan against invasions from the Asian continent and developing trade lines with Baekje and Silla of Korea. After Baekje helped by Japan was defeated by Silla and Tang forces at the Battle of Hakusukinoe in 663, border guards were sent to Tsushima, and Kaneda Castle was constructed on the island. Ritsuryo (律令) is the historical law system based on the philosophies of Confucianism and Chinese Legalism in Japan. ... Before the modern prefecture system was established, the land of Japan was divided into tens of kuni (国, countries), usually known in English as provinces. ... Categories: Cities in Fukuoka Prefecture | Japan-related stubs ... KyÅ«shÅ« region of Japan and the current prefectures on KyÅ«shÅ« island KyÅ«shÅ« ), literally Nine Provinces, is the third largest island of Japan and most southerly and westerly of the four main islands. ... Baekje (October 18 BC – August AD 660) was a kingdom in the southwest of the Korean Peninsula. ... Silla (also spelled Shilla, traditional dates 57 BCE - 935 CE) was one of the Three Kingdoms of Korea. ... Combatants Silla and Tang Dynasty China Baekje and Japan Commanders Unknown Boksin, Buyeo Pung, Abe no Hirafu Strength 130,000 warriors; at least 170 ships 29,000 warriors; at least 170 ships Casualties Unknown 400 ships; Unknown number of warriors lost The Battle of Baekgang, also known as Battle of...

Tsushima Province was controlled by the Tsushima no Kuni no miyatsuko (対馬国造) until the Heian Period, and then by the Ahiru clan until the middle of the 13th century. The role and title of "Governor of Tsushima" was exclusively held by the Shoni clan for generations. However, since the Shoni actually resided in Kyūshū, it was the So clan, known subjects of the Shoni, who actually exerted control over these islands. The So clan governed Tsushima until the late 15th century. Kuni no miyatsuko (国造 - also read Kokuso or Kuni no Miyakko) were officials in ancient Japan at the time of the Yamato court. ... The following text needs to be harmonized with text in the article History of Japan#Heian Period. ... Sō (宗氏 Sō shi) was a Japanese clan that ruled the Tsushima Islands from the Kamakura period to the end of the Edo period. ...

Medieval history

Tsushima was an important trade center during this period. After the Toi invasion, private trade started between Goryeo, Tsushima, Iki, and Kyūshū, but halted during the Mongol invasions of Japan between 1274 and 1281. Koryosa, a historian of the Goryeo dynasty, mentions that in 1274, an army of Mongol troops that included many Korean soldiers killed a great number of people on the islands. However, the Mongols were prevented from further aggression against Japan. The Toi invasion (Japanese:刀伊の入寇 toi no nyūkō) was the invasion of northern Kyushu by Jurchen pirates in 1019. ... Taegeuk is a traditional symbol of Korea Capital Gaegyeong Language(s) Korean Religion Buddhism Government Monarchy Wang  - 918 - 946 Taejo  - 949 - 975 Gwangjong  - 1259 - 1274 Wonjong  - 1351 - 1374 Gongmin Historical era 918 - 1392  - Later Three Kingdoms rise 892  - Coronation of Taejo June 15, 918  - Korea-Khitan Wars 993 - 1019  - Mongolian... Iki Island (壱岐島) an island lying between the island of Kyushu and Tsushima in the Tsushima Strait. ... Combatants Mongol Empire Japan Commanders Kublai Khan Hōjō Tokimune Strength 35,000 Mongol & Chinese soldiers and 18,000 Korean warriors 10,000 Casualties 16,000 killed before landed minimal Defensive wall at Hakata. ... The name Mongols (Mongolian: Mongol) specifies one or several ethnic groups. ...

Tsushima became one of the major bases of the Wokou, Japanese pirates, also called wakō, along with the Iki and Matsuura. Due to repeated pirate raids, the Goryeos and their successors, the Joseons, at times placated the pirates by establishing trade agreements, as well as negotiating with the Muromachi shogunate and its deputy in Kyūshū, and at times used force to neutralize the pirates. In 1389, General Park Wi (朴威) of Goryeo attempted to clear the island of Wokou pirates, but uprisings in Korea forced him to return home. Sixteenth century Japanese pirate raids. ... Matsuura (松浦市; -shi) is a city located in Nagasaki, Japan. ... Territory of Joseon after Jurchen conquest of King Sejong Capital Hanseong Language(s) Korean Religion Neo-Confucianism Government Monarchy Wang  - 1392 - 1398 Taejo (first)  - 1863 - 1897 Gojong (last)1 Yeong-uijeong  - 1431 - 1449 Hwang Hui  - 1466 - 1472 Han Myeonghoe  - 1592 - 1598 Ryu Seongryong  - 1894 Kim Hongjip History  - Coup of 1388... The Ashikaga shogunate (Jp. ...

On June 19, 1419, the recently-abdicated Taejong of Joseon ordered his trusted general Yi Jong Mu to invade Tsushima and clear the island of the Wokou pirates, using a fleet of 227 vessels and 17,000 soldiers. is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Events January 19 – Hundred Years War: Rouen surrenders to Henry V of England which brings Normandy under the control of England. ... Taejong was the third king of the Joseon Dynasty in Korea and the father of King Sejong the Great. ... Yi Jong Mu (1360–1425) is a Korean general who led the Oei Invasion against the conquest of the Tsushima Islands in 1419. ...

In 1510, Japanese traders initiated an uprising against Joseon's stricter policies on Japanese traders from Tsushima and Iki coming to Pusan, Ulsan and Jinhae to trade. The So Clan supported the uprising, but it was soon crushed. The uprising was later came to be known as the "Three-Ports incident" (三浦の乱). Trade resumed under the direction of King Jungjong in 1512, but only under strictly limited terms, and only twenty-five ships were allowed to visit Joseon annually. ^[10] Pūsan is also a Vedic Hindu god. ... Ulsan, a metropolitan city in the south-east of South Korea, facing the Sea of Japan (East Sea). ... Jinhae is a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. ... Jungjong of Joseon (중종) (1488–1544, r. ...

In the late 16th century, Japanese leader Toyotomi Hideyoshi united the various feudal lords (daimyō) under his command, planning to unite all factions with a common cause. Hideyoshi's coalition invaded Yi Dynasty Korea, in an attack leading to the Seven-Year War. Tsushima was the main naval base for this invasion, and in continuing support of the war, large numbers of Korean laborers were transported to Tsushima until 1603. This is a Japanese name; the family name is Toyotomi Toyotomi Hideyoshi ) February 2, 1536 or March 26, 1537 – September 18, 1598) was a sengoku daimyo who unified Japan. ... This article is in need of attention. ... Combatants Joseon Dynasty Korea, Ming Dynasty China Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi Commanders Korea: Yi Sun-sin, Gwon Yul, Won Gyun, Kim Myung Won, Yi Il, Sin Lip, Gwak Jae-u, Kim Shi-min China: Li Rusong , Li Rubai, Ma Gui , Qian Shi-zhen, Ren Ziqiang, Yang Yuan, Zhang Shijue, Chen...

After Japan's invasion attempts failed, peace was re-established between the two nations. Once again, the islands became a port for merchants. Both the Joseon Dynasty and the Tokugawa shogunate sent their trading representatives to Tsushima, governing trade until 1755. During the Edo period, Japanese rule was slowly re-established, as the Joseon Dynasty did not intend to colonize the island with its own people, following its policy of leaving islands uninhabited. However, the Joseon government did not recognize the Japanese claim to Tsushima, and continued printing official maps with Tsushima as part of its own territory until 1860.^[11] In the late 19th century, the Meiji government officially incorporated the island under Japanese rule. The Tokugawa shogunate or Tokugawa bakufu (徳川幕府) (also known as the Edo bakufu) was a feudal military dictatorship of Japan established in 1603 by Tokugawa Ieyasu and ruled by the shoguns of the Tokugawa family until 1868. ... The Edo period ), also called Tokugawa period, is a division of Japanese history running from 1603 to 1868. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ...

Modern history

Because of the abolition of the han system, the Tsushima Fuchu domain became part of Izuhara Prefecture in 1871. In the same year, Izuhara Prefecture was merged with Imari Prefecture, which was renamed Saga Prefecture in 1872. Tsushima was transferred to Nagasaki Prefecture in 1872, and its districts of Kamiagata (上県) and Shimoagata (下県) were merged to form the modern Tsushima City. This change was part of widespread reforms within Japan, starting after 1854. Japan was at this time becoming a modern nation state and regional power, with widespread changes in government, industry, and education. Occurring in 1871, the abolition of the han system and establishment of the prefecture system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken; hai abolish + han + chi set down + ken prefecture) was an act to replace the traditional han system and introduce new local government. ... Saga Prefecture ) is located in the northwest part of the island of KyÅ«shÅ«, Japan. ... Tsushima (対馬市; Tsushima-shi) is a city governed by Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. ... In the context of international relations and diplomacy, power (sometimes clarified as international power, national power, or state power) is the ability of one state to influence or control other states. ...

After the First Sino-Japanese War ended with the Treaty of Shimonoseki, Japan felt humiliated when the Triple Intervention of the three great powers of Germany, France, and Russia forced it to return the valuable Liaodong Peninsula to China under threat of force. Consequently, the Japanese leadership correctly anticipated that a war with Russia or another Western imperial power was eventually likely. Between 1895 and 1904, the Japanese navy blasted the Manzeki-Seto canal twenty-five meters wide and three meters deep, which was later expanded to forty meters wide and four and a half meters deep (Nagasaki prefectural website), through a mountainous rocky isthmus of the island, between Aso Bay to the west and Tsushima Strait to the east, technically dividing the island into three islands (topographical map). Strategic concerns explain the scope and funding of the canal project by Japan during an era when it was still struggling to establish an industrial economy. The canal enabled the Japanese to move transports and warships quickly between their main naval bases in the Inland Sea (directly to the east), via the Kanmon and Tsushima Strait, into the Korea Strait, or to destinations beyond in the Yellow Sea. Combatants Qing Empire (China) Empire of Japan Commanders Li Hongzhang Yamagata Aritomo Strength 630,000 men Beiyang Army Beiyang Fleet 240,000 men Imperial Japanese Army Imperial Japanese Navy Casualties 35,000 dead or wounded 13,823 dead, 3,973 wounded The First Sino-Japanese War (Simplified Chinese: ; Traditional Chinese... The Shunpanrō hall where the Treaty of Shimonoseki was signed The Treaty of Shimonoseki (Japanese: 下関条約, Shimonoseki Jōyaku), known as the Treaty of Maguan (T. Chinese: 馬關條約, S. Chinese: 马关条约;) in China, was signed at the Shunpanrō hall on April 17, 1895 between the Empire of Japan and the Qing Empire. ... The Tripartite Intervention or Triple Intervention ) was a diplomatic intervention by Russia, Germany and France on 23 April 1895 over the terms of the Treaty of Shimonoseki signed between Japan and Qing dynasty China, which ended the First Sino-Japanese War. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... An inland sea is a shallow sea that covers central areas of continents during high stands of sea level that result in marine transgressions. ... Kanmonkyo bridge from the Moji side The Kanmon Straits (関門海峡 Kanmon Kaikyo) or Straits of Shimonoseki is the stretch of water separating two of Japans four main islands. ... The Korea Strait is a sea passage between South Korea and Japan, connecting the East China Sea and the Sea of Japan (East Sea) in the northwest Pacific Ocean. ... ...

During the Russo-Japanese War in 1905, the Russian Baltic fleet under Admiral Rozhdestvensky, after making an almost year-long trip to East Asia from the Baltic coast, was crushed by the Japanese under Admiral Togo Heihachiro at the Battle of Tsushima. The Japanese third squadron (cruisers) began shadowing the Russian fleet off the tip of the south island, and followed it through the Tsushima Strait where the main Japanese body waited. The battle began slightly east-northeast of the northern island around midday, and ended to its north a day later when the Japanese surrounded the Russian Fleet. Few battles in history have been so decisive. Combatants Russian Empire Montenegro[1] Empire of Japan Commanders Emperor Nicholas II Aleksey Kuropatkin Stepan Makarov â€  Emperor Meiji Oyama Iwao Heihachiro Togo The Russo–Japanese War (Japanese: Nichi-Ro Sensō, Russian: , Chinese: , February 10, 1904 – September 5, 1905) was a conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of... Zinovi Petrovich Rozhdestvenski1 (1848-1909) was an admiral of the Imperial Russian Navy, who was involved in the Russo-Japanese War. ... Admiral Togo at the age of 55, shortly before the Russo-Japanese War Fleet Admiral Count Tōgō Heihachirō (東郷 平八郎 Tōgō Heihachirō OM, January 27, 1848 - 30 May 1934) was a Japanese Admiral and one of Japans greatest naval heroes. ... Combatants Empire of Japan Russian Empire Commanders Heihachiro Togo Zinovi Rozhdestvenski # Nikolai Nebogatov Strength 4 battleships 27 cruisers destroyers and auxiliary vessels 8 battleships 3 coastal battleships 8 cruisers Casualties 117 dead 583 injured 3 torpedo boats sunk 4,380 dead 5,917 captured 21 ships sunk 7 captured 6...

During the Korean War, when the Korean People's Army approached the coastal areas of South Korea near Pusan in August 1950, Tsushima acted as a refuge centre for many prominent South Koreans. [1] Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders... Korean Peoples Army refers to the armed personnel of the military of North Korea. ...

In the 1960s one of the transmitters for the OMEGA-navigation system was built on Tsushima.

Today, Tsushima is part of the newly reorganized Nagasaki Prefecture of Japan. On March 1, 2004, the six towns on the island, including Izuhara, Mitsushima, Toyotama, Mine, Kami-agata, and Kami-tsushima, were merged to create Tsushima City. Oranda-zaka (Dutch Slope) in Nagasaki Castle in Shimabara The island of Hirado boasts a fine castle Nagasaki Prefecture (長崎県; Nagasaki-ken) is located on Kyushu island, Japan. ... is the 60th day of the year (61st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2004 (MMIV) was a leap year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Tsushima(対馬市; Tsushima-shi) is a city located in Nagasaki, Japan. ...

Sovereignty claims by South Korea

After the Ōei Invasion in 1419, Sō Sadamori, the lord of Tsushima, surrendered to Korea and sent emissaries with gifts for the Korean kings several times in the ensuing years. In the first leap month of 1420, Sadamori requested to become a state of Korea as Daemado^{[citation needed]}, promised to become a subject and control Wokou by themselves. King Sejong granted this request and let him report to Kyongsang province not to Seoul directly.[2] As a result of the terms agreed to after this invasion, and in later treaties, Tsushima became a trading hub between Japan and Korea. The ÅŒei Invasion (known in Korean as the Gihae Eastern Expedition, Gihae of the Chinese sexagenary cycle in this case referring to 1419) was the 1419 invasion of Tsushima Island led by the Joseon Dynasty. ... Tsushima is a name related to Japan. ... Sixteenth century Japanese pirate raids. ... King Sejong the Great (May 6, 1397 - May 18, 1450), born I Do, was the fourth ruler of the Joseon Dynasty of Korea from 1418 to 1450. ... Gyeongsang (Gyeongsang-do) was one of the eight provinces of Korea during the Joseon Dynasty. ... Seoul (서울)   [] is the capital of South Korea and is located on the Han River in the countrys northwest. ...

After World War II, a movement to claim Tsushima arose in South Korea, citing its historical relations to the various kingdoms of Korea.[3] In 1948, the office of the Political Advisor of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) received a document titled "Request for Arrangement of Lands Between Korea and Japan." It was said to come from the "Patriotic Old Men's Association" of Seoul, South Korea. The document was a justification of South Korea's sovereignty claims over the islands of Ulleung-do, Liancourt Rocks (Dokdo/Takeshima), and Tsushima. Although from a private organization, the document followed the thinking of South Korea President Syngman Rhee regarding disputes with Japan. [4] Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... Supreme Commander of the Allied Powers (SCAP) was the title for Douglas MacArthur during the Occupation of Japan following WWII. The title did belong to Dwight David Eisenhower during WWII, however, he had nothing to do with the attacks on Japan. ... “Sovereign” redirects here. ... Ulleung-do is a Korean island in the Sea of Japan (East Sea). ... The Liancourt Rocks are islets in the Sea of Japan (East Sea). ... This is a Korean name; the family name is Rhee Syngman Rhee or Lee Seungman or Yee Sung-man (March 26, 1875 – July 19, 1965) was the first president of South Korea. ...

In a New Year's press conference in 1949, South Korean President Syngman Rhee formally requested that Japan cede the island to Korean rule. This claim was not accepted by the SCAP under General Douglas MacArthur. Subsequent investigations, both historical and governmental, have shown the difficulty of assessing this claim, as the islands have historical references dating back to the 240s AD showing them in mixed control. With the outbreak of the Korean War the next year, and the economic struggles that South Korea faced in the following decade, South Korea's government ceased to assert territorial claims. This article is about the American general; for the municipality in the Philippines, see General MacArthur, Eastern Samar. ... Combatants United Nations:  Republic of Korea,  Australia,  Belgium,  Luxembourg,  Canada,  Colombia,  Ethiopia,  France,  Greece,  Luxembourg,  Netherlands,  New Zealand,  Philippines,  South Africa,  Thailand,  Turkey,  United Kingdom,  United States Medical staff:  Denmark,  Australia,  Italy,  Norway,  Sweden Communist states:  Democratic People’s Republic of Korea,  Peoples Republic of China,  Soviet Union Commanders...

Later, in the 1951 San Francisco Peace Treaty, it was declared that the sovereignty of Tsushima was to be handed to Japan. Despite the fact that the Peace Treaty was signed in 1951, South Korean President Syngman Rhee later declared that Tsushima was part of South Korea in the Syngman Rhee line declaration of January 18, 1952.[5] Prime Minister Yoshida Shigeru of Japan, gave a speech on Reconciliation and rapport (和解と信頼) in 1951 at San Francisco Peace conference. ... The Syngman Rhee line (Hangul: 이승만 라인) refers to a boundary line established by South Korean President Syngman Rhee in his Peace Line(평화선) declaration of January 18, 1952, marking Dokdo as Korean territory. ... is the 18th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1952 (MCMLII) was a leap year starting on Tuesday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Provoked by Shimane prefecture's claim to the Liancourt Rocks, the South Korean city of Masan declared June 19 "Daemado day" on March 18, 2005, claiming Tsushima — Daemado (Hangul: 대마도; Hanja: 對馬島) in Korean — as part of the South Gyeongsang province of South Korea. [6] The Masan council replied that it would not retract its claim, stating that Tsushima was never formally ceded to Japan. The Japanese government did not make any official response to the city council's claim. The municipal council in Tsushima did make a strong protest to the municipal council of Masan on October 6, 2006, demanding the withdrawal of the ordinance, but Masan rejected the appeal. [7] In addition, the council has also rejected calls by South Korea's Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade to withdraw the claim^[12]. Shimane Prefecture ) is located in the Chugoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ... The Liancourt Rocks are islets in the Sea of Japan (East Sea). ... Masan is a city in South Gyeongsang Province, South Korea. ... is the 170th day of the year (171st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... is the 77th day of the year (78th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday (link displays full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Jamo redirects here. ... Hanja is the Korean name for Chinese characters. ... Gyeongsangnam-do (South Gyeongsang) is a province in the southeast of South Korea. ... is the 279th day of the year (280th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

Notable people from Tsushima

• Tsuyoshi Shinjo - Baseball player
• MISIA - Japanese singer

Tsuyoshi Shinjo (新庄 剛志, born January 28, 1972) is a Japanese professional baseball outfielder. ... MISIA ), born July 7, 1978, in Fukuoka, Japan) is a female Japanese R&B singer. ...

Further reading

• Ian Nish, A Short History of JAPAN, 1968, LoCCC# 68-16796, Fredrick A. Praeger, Inc., New York, 238 pp.

British Title and Publisher: The Story of Japan, 1968, Farber and Farber, Ltd.

• Edwin O Reischauer, Japan - The Story of a Nation, 1970, LoCCC# 77-10895 Afred A. Knopf, Inc., New York. 345 pp. plus index.

Previously published as Japan Past and Present, 4 Editions, 1946–1964.

Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1968 (MCMLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link shows full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

See also

• History of Japan
  • Oei Invasion
  • Japanese invasions of Korea (1592-1598)
  • Battle of Tsushima
  • Russo-Japanese War
• Korean-Japanese disputes (Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea)
• Sō clan
• Tsushima Fuchū Domain
• Tsushima Province
• Tsushima Subprefecture
• OMEGA Navigation System Shushi-Wan Transmitter

The written history of Japan began with brief appearances in Chinese history texts from the first century CE. However, archaeological research indicates that people were living on the islands of Japan as early as the upper paleolithic period. ... The Oei Invasion was the 1419 invasion of the Tsushima Island led by the Joseon Dynasty. ... Combatants Korea under the Joseon Dynasty, China under the Ming Dynasty, Jianzhou Jurchens Japan under Toyotomi Hideyoshi Commanders Korea: King Seonjo Crown Prince Gwanghae Yi Sun-sin†, Gwon Yul, Yu Seong-ryong, Yi Eok-gi†, Won Gyun†, Kim Myeong-won, Yi Il, Sin Rip†, Gwak Jae-u, Kim Si-min... Combatants Empire of Japan Russian Empire Commanders Heihachiro Togo Zinovi Rozhdestvenski # Nikolai Nebogatov Strength 4 battleships 27 cruisers destroyers and auxiliary vessels 8 battleships 3 coastal battleships 8 cruisers Casualties 117 dead 583 injured 3 torpedo boats sunk 4,380 dead 5,917 captured 21 ships sunk 7 captured 6... Combatants Russian Empire Montenegro[1] Empire of Japan Commanders Emperor Nicholas II Aleksey Kuropatkin Stepan Makarov â€  Emperor Meiji Oyama Iwao Heihachiro Togo The Russo–Japanese War (Japanese: Nichi-Ro Sensō, Russian: , Chinese: , February 10, 1904 – September 5, 1905) was a conflict that grew out of the rival imperialist ambitions of... There have been disputes between Korea (both North and South) and Japan on many issues over the years. ... The origins of Anti-Japanese sentiment in Korea are complex and multi-faceted. ... The Sō (宗氏 -shi) were a Japanese clan that ruled the Tsushima Island from the Kamakura period to the end of the Edo period. ... The Tsushima FuchÅ« domain (対馬府中藩 Tsushima FuchÅ« han), also called the Tsushima domain, was a domain of Japan during the Edo period that controlled Tsushima Province and a small portion of Hizen Province. ... Tsushima Province (対馬国; Tsushima-no kuni) was an old province of Japan (-19c) on Tsushima Island which occupied the area corresponding to modern-day Tsushima, Nagasaki. ... Tsushima subprefecture is located in Nagasaki, Japan. ... Omega is the name for the first truly global radionavigation system for aircraft operated by the United States of America in cooperation with six partner nations. ...

References

1. ^ MaqQuest on Tsushima Island's coordinates.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g} Info on Tsushima Shi
3. ^ Asahi.com article on Tsushima
4. ^ Aerial view of the junction between the two islands of Tsushima Island
5. ^ Water level view of the junction between the two islands of Tsushima Island
6. ^ BBC article on typhoons
7. ^ zhulang.com
8. ^ donga.com
9. ^ Korea Times: Tsushima Controlled by Ancient Korean Kingdom
10. ^ dictionary.goo.ne.jp
11. ^ Wikimedia Commons category on Historical maps of Korea
12. ^ "Masan Rejects Call to Drop Claim on Tsushima", The Korea Times, 20-03-2005. Retrieved on 06-02-2007.

External links

Japanese-based infosites

• A Profile of Tsushima City
• Open minds bridge the gap between cultures - Cho Kyung-dal
• 15th century Korean artifact unearthed on Tsushima Island, published by Japan Science Scan
• Reaching across the strait 1/ Sleepy Tsushima discovered in a big way
• (Japanese) A list of annual events and matsuri's in Tsushima

Korean-based infosites

• A 1998 newsgroup posting by Gari Ledyard, King Sejong Professor of Korean History at Columbia University in the City of New York
• Canadian blogspot in response to Korean ultranationalists
• Blogspot: The American Problem
• English-language Korean blogspot of Tsushima
• Tsushima Island for Korea?, blog mirror [8]
• U.S. State Department, Report from the Office of Intelligence Research: Korea´s Recent Claim to the Island of Tsushima (prepared on March 30, 1950)
• "Request for Arrangement of Lands Between Korea and Japan," by the Patriotic Old Men´s Association, Seoul, Korea (August 5, 1948).

Other infosites

• Encarta map of Tsushima Island(s)
• Tsushima weather

News

• Japan Times: Archaeologists unearth settlement mentioned in Wei Chronicle (mirror)
• Boston.com: Korean-Japanese claims escalates
• Yahoo! Korea: Korean claims to Tsushima (in Korean)

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Tsushima

Coordinates: 34°25′N, 129°20′E Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...