NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Tulu Nadu

Tulu Nadu (Tulu:ತುಳುನಾಡು) is a region on the southwestern coast of Karnataka, India, consisting of the districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi. These districts were formerly the single district of Dakshina Kannada or South Kanara, but Udupi district was separated in August 1997. Also, northern Kasaragod of Kerala state was traditionally part of Tulu Nadu according to some Malayalam works. This is the region in which Tulu is spoken. The population of these districts in 2001 was 3,005,897. Mangalore and Udupi are the chief cities in Tulu Nadu. Image File history File links Question_book-3. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... Karnataka state comprises 29 districts, grouped into four divisions. ... Location of Dakshina Kannada district with respect to the other districts of Karnataka. ... Udupi District in Karnataka was created in August 1997. ... For the band, see 1997 (band). ... , For the district with the same name, see Kasaragod district. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... Malayalam (à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´‚ ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... Tulu à²¤à³à²³à³ is a Dravidian language of India with fewer than two million speakers, known as Tuluvas. ... Year 2001 (MMI) was a common year starting on Monday (link displays the 2001 Gregorian calendar). ... , Mangalore (Kannada: à²®à²‚à²—à²³à³‚à²°à³, Mangalooru; Tulu: à²•à³à²¡à³à²², Kudla; Konkani: à²•à³Šà²¡à²¿à²¯à²¾à²²à³, Kodial; Beary: à²®à³ˆà²•à²¾à²², Maikala) is the chief port city of the state of Karnataka, India. ... , For other uses, see Udupi (disambiguation). ...

Introduction

Tulunad, for Tulu-Nad or Nadu, is the country of the Tulu ethnic people. Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ... Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ...

Name

Historically, Tulunad was the two separate lands of Haiva and Tuluva, located successively south of the Konkan, and considered as a part of the Malabar Coast of Kerala, which is immediately south of Tuluva. The Tuluvas (Tulu: à²¤à³à²³à³à²µ) are speakers of the Tulu language. ... It has been suggested that History of the Konkan be merged into this article or section. ...

Languages Spoken

Besides Tulu, Kannada (the state language) and Konkani are also widely spoken in the area. Also, a sizeable population of Muslims, Bearys, speak a dialect of Malayalam. The Tulu speakers are known as Tuluvas. â€œKannadaâ€ redirects here. ... Konkani language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Konkani (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤•à¥‹à¤‚à¤•à¤£à¥€, Roman: Konknni, Kannada: à²•à³Šà²‚à²•à²£à²¿, Malayalam: à´•àµŠà´‚à´•à´£àµ€, IAST: ) is a language of India, and belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. ... Islam in India is the second-most practiced religion after Hinduism. ... A beary woman clad in traditional Kuppaya and Tuni The Beary (also known as Byari) (Kannada: à²¬à³à²¯à²¾à²°à²¿) is a small, vibrant Muslim community concentrated mostly in coastal South Kanara (Dakshina Kannada) district of Karnataka state in India, having its own unique traditions, and distinct cultural identity. ... Malayalam (à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´‚ ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... The Tuluvas (Tulu: à²¤à³à²³à³à²µ) are speakers of the Tulu language. ...

Mythical Origins

"Grama Paddhati" is a manuscript describing the origin of Tuluva Brahmins. The mythical account of origin of Tulu region is also described in that work. According to it, Tulu region was a part of Kerala created by Parashurama by reclaming the land form the sea. This literary work in the modern from is believed to be around from 15th century.^[1] It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Bhargava Rama (Discuss) Parashurama Bhargava (Sanskrit: à¤ªà¤°à¤¶à¥à¤°à¤¾à¤® à¤à¤¾à¤°à¥à¤—à¤µ) or Parasurama (Axe-wielding Rama) is the Sixth avatar of Vishnu, belongs to the Treta yuga, and is the son of Jamadagni & Renuka. ...

Curiously, a similar work called "Keralolpathi" is found in Kerala region. Considering, the modernity of Malayalam in that work it has been dated around 17th century.

Geography

Tulu Nadu lies along the Malabar Coast, and shares a number of geographic, culinary, and social traits with the neighbouring Konkan and Kerala regions. Like them, Tulu Nadu is bounded on the west by the Arabian Sea and on the east by the Western Ghats. Tulu cuisine is popular across South India, mostly due to 'Udupi restaurants', which are primarily vegetarian. The Tulu language was also once spoken in Uttara Kannada or North Kanara, which for this reason is sometimes considered part of Tulu Nadu as well. Malabar Coast, Kerala Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala The Malabar Coast also known as the Malabarian Coast, is a long and narrow south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. ... It has been suggested that History of the Konkan be merged into this article or section. ... The Arabian Sea (Arabic: Ø¨ØØ± Ø§Ù„Ø¹Ø±Ø¨; transliterated: Bahr al-Arab) is a region of the Indian Ocean bounded on the east by India, on the north by Pakistan and Iran, on the west by Arabian Peninsula, on the south, approximately, by a line between Cape Guardafui, the north-east point of Somalia... The Agasthiyamalai range of the Western Ghats The Western Ghats are a mountain range in India. ... The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ... Tulu à²¤à³à²³à³ is a Dravidian language of India with fewer than two million speakers, known as Tuluvas. ... Location of Uttara Kannada district with respect to the other districts of Karnataka. ...

History of Tulu Nadu

The community of Bunts (anglicized from Buntas), also referred to as Nadavas, form an important and integral part of the socio economic culture of Tulu nadu, in coastal Karnataka. They share Tulu nadu with other prominent ethnic groups like the Billavas, Mogeras, Brahmins, Konkanis, Catholics and Jains. As a community, Bunts are next in number only to the Billavas of Tulu nadu. They are reputed to be agriculturists par excellence. Bunts are part of a group called Nadavas, who mainly reside in the northern part of Tulu nadu. They are thought to have had a common origin and culture as the Ezhavas/Thiyyas of Malabar and Nadaars of Tamil Nadu. As the name Nadava implies, originating from the word nadu or territory, the Bunts are owners of land. The Bunts of southern Tulu nadu speak Tulu language, a form of language that is used in commerce in the region, called Common Tulu.

E. Thurston wrote in his Castes and Tribes of Southern India (1955-56), “This is a caste of Kanarese farmers found only in South Kanara. The Nadavas have retained four sub-divisions*, one of the most important being Masadi…. I have no information regarding the caste but they seem to be closely allied to the Bunt caste of which Nadava is one of the sub-divisions. The name Nadava or Nadavaru means people of the nadu or country…. They still retain their independence or character, their strong well developed physique, and still carry their heads with some haughty toss as their fore-fathers did, in the stirring fighting days, when as an old proverb had it ‘the slain rested in the yard of the slayer’, and when every warrior constantly carried his sword and shield. Both men and women of the Bunt community are among the comeliest of Asiatic races.”

Several inscriptions mention Buntas in various connections, earliest perhaps in the 9th century in the Udyavara inscription. Here a mention of Shivalli Brahmins and the Bantas of Chokipali (current day Chokkadi, near Udipi) is clearly made. Whether the Nadavas, the Kannada speaking people mostly found in the northern Tulu nadu are the same as the Bunts cannot be established with certainty. However, in the 20th century there was so much of intermingling of blood through marriage between the two groups that now they have become indistinguishable from each other. These two communities could have separate origins but with passage of time the two cultures certainly seemed to have merged. There are no records of the origin of the Bunt or Nadava community of Tulu nadu. It is strongly felt that they first made their appearance very early in the history of Tulu nadu, and they migrated from Northern regions.

It is almost certain that “in the early centuries of the Christian era, there were kings, some independent and some under the suzerain of overlords like Kadambas, Chalukyas and Hoysalas. There were constant skirmishes and fighting, and the ‘Buntaru’ or warriors were important stabilizing segments of the population. In due course the Bunts succeeded in becoming owners of lands that did not fall into the hands of the priestly class, namely Brahmins.” – South Kanara Mannual, Vol I.

Another group of people with similar culture was the Nayars of Tulu nadu. They have disappeared as an entity from Tulu nadu but the inscriptions found in Barkur from the medieval period as well as the Grama Paddathi, which gives the history of Brahmin families in Tulu nadu, have made several references to the Nayars. They seemed to have intimate connections with the Brahmins and acted as their protectors, perhaps brought to Tulu nadu by the Kadamba kings in the 8th century. Kadamba king Mayuravarma, who is credited with bringing Brahmins from Ahichatra (from the North), also settled Nayars in Tulu nadu. Yet, there is no written proof for this occurrence and the only mention of the Nayars in the inscriptions comes after the Alupa period (early part of 14th century.) It is postulated that the Nayars were later absorbed into the social stratum of the Nadava community.

It is also postulated that the Nayars of Malabar originally migrated from the Tulu nadu as noted here: Manual of Madras Administration Vol II (printed in 1885) notes that the Nadavas are the same people as the Nayars of Malabar and the Bunts of Southern Tulu nadu. “They appear to have entered Malabar from the North rather than the South and to have peopled first the Tulu, and then the Malayalam country. They were probably the off-shoot of some colony in the Konkan or the Deccan. In Malabar and south of Kanara as far as Kasargod, they are called Nayars and their language is Malayalam. From Kasargod to Brahmavar, they are termed as Bunts and speak Tulu. To the north of Brahmavar, they are called Nadavars, and they speak Kanarese.”

Prof S. Shivaram Shetty’s research shows that a tribe called Kosars wandered into Tulu nadu after the Aryan invasion. Mercenaries by nature, they first settled in Deccan and established the Shatavahana kingdom in Andhra Pradesh. In Tulu nadu they founded the Alupa kingdom.

During the rule of Vijayanagara Tulu nadu was administered in two parts – Manaluru rajya and Barakuru rajya. The people of the community to the north of River Kalyanapur (closer to Barakuru) called themselves Nadavas and spoke Kannada and people south of the river (closer to Mangaluru) came to be known as Bunts. There seems to have been a close relationship between the Bunts and Jains in Tulu nadu. Not only are their last names similar in many instances (Ajila, Ballala, Hegde, Banga, Chowta etc.) but they also have similar customs. Aliya santana is followed by both Bunts and Jains in Tulu nadu, perhaps the only Jain community in India to follow this matriarchal system of inheritance. Bunts of higher social standing were said to have converted to Jainism, though it is not clear when this conversion predominantly occurred.

After the fall of Vijayanagara Empire, during the rule of the Nayaks, in the 16th century, the Jains of Tulu nadu suffered a cultural recession. The glory of Jain period was abruptly curbed during the confusion of the take over of Tulu nadu by the Nayaks of Ikkeri. It is evidenced also by the lack of building great monuments and the bastis (like in Mudubidri). It is possible that during this period many of the Jains converted to Hinduism.

Tulu Nadu was governed by feudatories of the Vijayanagara Empire until the 17th century. In the 18th, it was conquered by Haidar Ali, the ruler of Mysore, and Mangalore became Mysore's chief naval entrepôt. After the British defeated Haidar's successor Tipu Sultan in 1799, the region was attached to the Madras Presidency before being reverted to the state of Mysore in the aftermath of independence. Mysore has since been renamed Karnataka. The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... (16th century - 17th century - 18th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 17th century was that century which lasted from 1601-1700. ... (17th century - 18th century - 19th century - more centuries) As a means of recording the passage of time, the 18th century refers to the century that lasted from 1701 through 1800. ... Hyder Ali or Haidar Ali (c. ... Flag of former princely state of Mysore. ... Portrait of Tippu Sultan, 1792 Tippu (Tips) Sultan (full name Sultan Fateh Ali Tippu), also known as the Tiger of Mysore (November 20, 1750, Devanahalli â€“ May 4, 1799, Srirangapattana), was the first son of Haidar Ali by his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-nissa. ... 1799 was a common year starting on Tuesday (see link for calendar). ... Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... The Kingdom of Mysore was one of the three largest princely states within the erstwhile British Empire of India. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ...

Tulu Nadu was originally called Alvakheda. Many historians agree that this is the region Emperor Ashoka referred to in his edicts as Satiyaputra, one of the four regions outside of his empire (the other three being Chola, Chera and Pandya kingdoms).

The political history of Tulu Nadu can be classified as follows: 1. The Alupa (Aluva) period 2. The Rayas of Vijayanagara period 3. The Nayakas of Keladi period 4. The Sultans of Mysore period 5. The British period. 6. Post-Independence period. Granite pillars, Aghoreshwara Temple, Ikkeri, Shivamogga District Granite pillars, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District wall motif, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District parrot feeding nestling, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District Keladi Nayaka (Kannada: à²•à³†à²³à²¦à²¿à²¯ à²¨à²¾à²¯à²•à²°à³)(1499 - 1763 CE) were an important ruling clan of post-medieval Karnataka, India. ...

The longest reigning dynasty of Tulu Nadu was the Alupas (Aluvas). They were the feudatories of the prominent dynasties of Karnataka. The Kadamba dynasty of Banavasi was the earliest, under which the Alupas flourished. Later the Rashtrakutas of Manyakheta, Chalukyas of Badami, Chalukyas of Kalyani, Hoysalas of Durasamudra and Rayas of Vijayanagara were the overlords. The Alupas, however, were independent and their subordination was nominal at best. They ruled until the Vijayanagara kings totally dominated the Tulu Nadu from 14th to the 17th centuries. The region became extremely prosperous during Vijayanagara period with Barkur and Mangalore gaining importance. After the decline of the Vijayanagara Empire, the Keladi Nayakas of Ikkeri controlled much of Tulu Nadu. At the end of 18th century, Haider Ali and Tippu Sultan controlled the region. Mangalore played a prominent role in Tippu’s battles with the British. The British gained full control in 1801, after the defeat of Tippu in 1799. The British ruled the region with Madras (now Chennai) as its headquarters. When the Indian independence was achieved in 1947, Tulu Nadu became part of Madras state. When the states were divided into linguistic states in the 1950s, Tulu Nadu became part of Karnataka. The Alupas kings (Kannada: à²†à²²à³‚à²ªà²°à³)(450 - 1400 C.E.) were a minor dynasty who ruled parts of coastal Karnataka. ... The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ... The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ... A Raja (sometimes spelled Rajah) is a king, or princely ruler. ... Granite pillars, Aghoreshwara Temple, Ikkeri, Shivamogga District Granite pillars, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District wall motif, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District parrot feeding nestling, Rameshwara Temple, Keladi, Shivamogga District Keladi Nayaka (Kannada: à²•à³†à²³à²¦à²¿à²¯ à²¨à²¾à²¯à²•à²°à³)(1499 - 1763 CE) were an important ruling clan of post-medieval Karnataka, India. ... Aghoreshwara Temple, Hoysala-Kadamba style Ikkeri (Kannada:à²‡à²•à³à²•à³‡à²°à²¿) is situated in Shimoga district of Karnataka state at about 3 km to the south of Sagar. ... Haider Ali (born November 12, 1979) is considered one the best boxers in the history of Pakistan boxing. ... Portrait of Tippu Sultan, 1792 Sultan Fateh Ali Tippu, also known as the Tiger of Mysore (November 20, 1750, Devanahalli â€“ May 4, 1799, Srirangapattana), was the first son of Haidar Ali by his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-nissa. ... , Mangalore (Kannada: à²®à²‚à²—à²³à³‚à²°à³, Mangalooru; Tulu: à²•à³à²¡à³à²², Kudla; Konkani: à²•à³Šà²¡à²¿à²¯à²¾à²²à³, Kodial; Beary: à²®à³ˆà²•à²¾à²², Maikala) is the chief port city of the state of Karnataka, India. ... Madras refers to: the Indian city of Chennai, formerly known as Madras, the former Indian state, now known as Tamil Nadu (Plural of Madra): Ancient people of Iranian affinites, who lived in northwest Panjab in the Uttarapatha division of ancient India. ... , Madras redirects here. ...

Modern History

Under Portugal, ruling from the port cities of Mangalore, etc., the region was called the Missao do Sul, or the Mission of the South. Tipu Sultan conquered the region and the British conquered it from him. Under the British, the region was organized as the Districts of North Canara and South Canara. , Mangalore (Kannada: à²®à²‚à²—à²³à³‚à²°à³, Mangalooru; Tulu: à²•à³à²¡à³à²², Kudla; Konkani: à²•à³Šà²¡à²¿à²¯à²¾à²²à³, Kodial; Beary: à²®à³ˆà²•à²¾à²², Maikala) is the chief port city of the state of Karnataka, India. ... Portrait of Tippu Sultan, 1792 Tippu (Tips) Sultan (full name Sultan Fateh Ali Tippu), also known as the Tiger of Mysore (November 20, 1750, Devanahalli â€“ May 4, 1799, Srirangapattana), was the first son of Haidar Ali by his second wife, Fatima or Fakhr-un-nissa. ... Uttara Kannada is a district in the southern Indian state of Karnataka. ... Dakshina Kannada, also called South Kannada, South Kanara, or South Canara, is a district of Indias Karnataka state. ...

The name "Canara" was given by the Portuguese who took it from Kannada or Karnataka. The Portuguese mistakenly believed that the entire Deccan was a single entity and referred to all natives in their dominions as Canarese. They even initially referred to Konkani as Canarese Brahman language. Konkani language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Konkani (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤•à¥‹à¤‚à¤•à¤£à¥€, Roman: Konknni, Kannada: à²•à³Šà²‚à²•à²£à²¿, Malayalam: à´•àµŠà´‚à´•à´£àµ€, IAST: ) is a language of India, and belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. ...

The two districts were made a part of the Madras Presidency, but North Canara was later transferred to the Bombay Presidency. After Independence, the two Canaras were made part of Mysore State and then, of Karnataka State. The name "Canara" has been Indianized as "Kannada", so that the districts are now Uttara Kannada and Dakshina Kannada. Madras Presidency, also known as Madras Province and known officially as Presidency of Fort St. ... Bombay Presidency was a former province of British India. ... The Kingdom of Mysore was one of the three largest princely states within the erstwhile British Empire of India. ... KarnÄtakÄ (Kannada: à²•à²¨à²¾à³¯à²Ÿà²•) (IPA: ) is one of the four southern states of India. ... Location of Uttara Kannada district with respect to the other districts of Karnataka. ... Location of Dakshina Kannada district with respect to the other districts of Karnataka. ...

The district of South Canara was recently bifurcated to create the District of Udipi. Udupi is a temple town located in Udupi District, near Mangalore, Karnataka state on the south west coast of India. ...

There is an on-off movement among the Tulus for a Tulunad state, spearheaded by the now largely defunct Tulu Sena.

Tulunad was the original homeland of the dynasty that founded the Vijayanagar Empire based in eastern Karnataka. The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ...

Diverse identities

Over the following many centuries, more ethnic groups migrated to the area. Konkanas and Gouda Sarasvats arrived by sea, as Mangalore was a major port that served not only the Portuguese but also the Arabs for maritime trades. Jains were already a prominent group and even today are uniquely preserved in Tulu Nadu. Though small in number, the Jains left behind indelible reminders of their glory with temples (bastis) in (Moodabidri) and monolithic statues of Bahubali, the gomateshwara, in Karkala, Venoor and Dharmasthala. The hand with a wheel on the palm symbolizes the Jain Vow of Ahinsa, meaning non-injury and nonviolence. ... Ellora Jain cave basadi basadi (also basti) is a Jain shrine or temple. ... Moodabidri as an ancient center of jain learning is referred to as Jain Kashi. This small town is 37 kms northeast of the head quarter Mangalore of the Dakshin Kannada district. ... As per Jain Scriptures, Bahubali (also known as Gommateshvara) was the younger of the two sons of the first Tirthankara, Lord Rishabha and king of Podanpur. ... The statue of Gomatheswara dates from 978-993 AD. Gomateshwara is a monolithic statue standing at 60 feet above a hill in a place called Shravanabelagola in the Hassan district of Karnataka state, India. ... , Karkala is a town and also the headquarters of Karkala Taluk in Udupi district of Karnataka, India, and is located about 38 km from Udupi and about 480 km from Bangalore. ... Venur or Venoor is a small village on he banks of the Gurupur river in the South Kanara of Karnataka, India. ... Sri Manjunatha swamy temple Dharmasthala is perhaps the most highly revered and best known temple town in Karnataka. ...

Madhvacharya in the 13th century built the eight monasteries (Matha) in Udupi. In the 16th century there was a large influx of Catholics to Tulu Nadu from Goa. They built excellent educational institutes and contributed to the development of education in the region. The Muslim community of Tulu Nadu were basically Arab traders who married local women and settled there. Some of them speak the Beary language, which is a mix of Tulu and Malayalam and others speak Urdu. For Madhavacharya the Advaita saint, see Madhava Vidyaranya. ... A maÅ£ha (also written math, matha or mutt) is a term for monastic and similar religious establishments of the Hindu and Jain traditions. ... A beary woman clad in traditional Kuppaya and Tuni The Beary (also known as Byari) (Kannada: à²¬à³à²¯à²¾à²°à²¿) is a small, vibrant Muslim community concentrated mostly in coastal South Kanara (Dakshina Kannada) district of Karnataka state in India, having its own unique traditions, and distinct cultural identity. ... Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ... Malayalam (à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´‚ ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ...

Unique cultural forms

According to Professor P. Gururaja Bhat, there are five distinct features of Tulu Nadu that separates it from the rest of Karnataka region. They are: Dr. Padoor Gururaja Bhat (1924[1]-?) was a well-known historian[2], archaelogist[3] and researcher[4], who contributed substantially to research of Tulu history. ...

1. Bhuta Kola or spirit-dance: This practice can be still seen in villages and many bhutas are still worshipped. Bhuta Kola or spirit worship is an ancient form of worship prevalent among the Tulu-speaking community in Udupi, Dakshina Kannada districts in Karnataka and Kasargod district in Kerala. ...

2. Nagamandala and Dakke-bali: An elaborate form of serpent worship, unique to Tulu Nadu. There is a distinct form of dance associated with it that is akin to Yakshagana. It is performed only by a group of people who call themselves Vaidyas. Dakke bali is a form of snake worship, called as Nagaradhane, held at Padubidri in Udupi district, Karnataka. ... A Yakshagana artist wearing pagaDe, one type of head-wear. ...

3. Aliya-santana: The practice of inheritance passing to the nephew (maternal), instead of one’s progeny. This, along with 14 kattus and 16 kattales (laws governing the society), is seen in the non-Brahmin community. Aliya Kattu(à²…à²³à²¿à²¯ à²•à²Ÿà³à²Ÿà³ in Kannada) (Nephew lineage) in Tulu/Kannada or Marumakkatayam in Malayalam was, a matrilineal system of property inheritance practiced by many communities in coastal Karnataka and Kerala. ...

4. The Tulu language, spoken nowhere else, serves as a bond between the people of different communities, giving them a sense of separation from the rest of South India. Tulu à²¤à³à²³à³ is a Dravidian language of India with fewer than two million speakers, known as Tuluvas. ...

5. Tatva-vada of Sri Madhvacharya (birth place of Dvaita philosophy). If Christianity influenced Madhva philosophy, as proposed by some experts, the influence of Christianity in the region was long before the appearance of the Portuguese in the 16th century. For Madhavacharya the Advaita saint, see Madhava Vidyaranya. ... Dvaita (Devanagari:à¤¦à¥à¤¬à¥ˆà¤¤, Kannada:à²¦à³à²µà³ˆà²¤) (also known as Tattvavada and Bheda-vada), a school of Vedanta (the most widespread Hindu philosophy) founded by Madhvacharya, stresses a strict distinction between God (Vishnu) and the individual living beings (jivas). ...

Culture of Tulu Nadu

Tulu Nadu is known for its varied culture and beliefs. Yakshagana, a dance-drama form that incorporates tales from Puranas, is very popular among the people.

Similarly, Bhuta Kola (spirit worship) and Nagaradhane (snake worship) are some of the facets of Tulu culture.

Yakshagana is a classical folk art form of the state of Karnataka in India, mostly popular in the districts of Uttara Kannada, Shimoga, Udupi, Dakshina Kannada and Kasargode district of Kerala. A Yakshagana artist wearing pagaDe, one type of head-wear. ...

Bhuta Kola or spirit worship is an ancient form of worship prevalent among the Tulu-speaking community in Udupi, Dakshina Kannada districts in Karnataka and Kasargod district in Kerala. Bhuta Kola or spirit worship is an ancient form of worship prevalent among the Tulu-speaking community in Udupi, Dakshina Kannada districts in Karnataka and Kasargod district in Kerala. ...

Hulivesha (Tiger Dance) is a folk dance which is unique to Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka. It is performed during Dussera to honour the Goddess Sharada whose favoured animal is the tiger. Tiger Dance is a unique form of folk dance in Dakshina kannada that fascinates the young and the old alike. ... This article needs cleanup. ... Sharada can refer to: another name for the Hindu goddess Saraswati the Sharada script This is a disambiguation page — a navigational aid which lists other pages that might otherwise share the same title. ...

Nagaradhane or snake worship, along with Bhuta Kola, is one of the unique traditions prevalent in coastal districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka. Nagaradhane or snake worship, along with Bhuta Kola is one of the unique traditions, prevalent in coastal districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in Karnataka. ...

Aliya Kattu (Nephew lineage) in Tulu/Kannada, or Marumakkatayam in Malayalam, was a matrilineal system of property inheritance practiced by many communities in coastal Karnataka and Kerala. Aliya Kattu(à²…à²³à²¿à²¯ à²•à²Ÿà³à²Ÿà³ in Kannada) (Nephew lineage) in Tulu/Kannada or Marumakkatayam in Malayalam was, a matrilineal system of property inheritance practiced by many communities in coastal Karnataka and Kerala. ...

Tulu is a Dravidian language of India with fewer than two million speakers. Most of its speakers are in the districts of Dakshina Kannada and Udupi in the west of the state of Karnataka. It is also spoken in northern part of the Kasargod district of Kerala. Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ... For other uses, see Dravidian (disambiguation). ...

The Tulu script, also known as the Tigalari script, strongly resembles the script of the Malayalam language. Tulu script Not very long ago, Tulu had its own written script. ...

Commerce and Industry

Tulu Nadu was once primarily dependent on agriculture and fishing. The main crops grown were rice, bengal gram, horse gram, vegetables and fruits. Plantation crops like coconut, areca nut, cocoa, cashew nut, and pepper are also grown. In the early 20th century, the red clay roof tile industry, cashew nut processing, and the banking industry grew substantially. Tulu Nadu is called "the cradle of Indian banking." Five major banks of India (Syndicate Bank, Canara Bank, Corporation Bank, Vijaya Bank and Karnataka Bank) have their origins here. In the early part of the 21st century the area has been transforming itself into a hub of the information technology and medical services industries. This is due to the excellent educational facilities and hospitals available in Tulu Nadu, covering all fields, and the abundance of skilled workers. There has been large-scale decline in agriculture and related industries due to the non-availability of labour and preference for white-collar jobs. Agricultural land is being converted to commercial and real estate properties, and environmental pollution is increasing drastically due to large-scale deforestation and increase in automobile use. A public sector petroleum refinery ( MRPL )was established in the 1990s. Some chemical plants (e.g., fertilizers and pesticides) have been established. Tulu Nadu contributes the second highest revenue to Karnataka state after the city of Bangalore. Binomial name Cicer arietinum L. Percentages are relative to US recommendations for adults. ... Binomial name Macrotyloma uniflorum (Lam. ... Species (Betel nut palm) and about 50 more Areca is a genus of about 50 species of single-stemmed palms in the family Arecaceae, found in humid tropical forests from Malaysia to the Solomon Islands. ... Binomial name L. The Cashew (Anacardium occidentale; syn. ... Karnataka Bank Ltd. ... Mangalore Refinery Private Limited (MRPL) is comapny majority owned by ONGC. It was acquired by it from AV Birla Group. ...

People

The majority of the people in Tulunad belong to the Tuluva ethnic group. Earlier the Tuluvas ruled over a large empire known as Vijayanagar Empire. However with the loss of empire, the Tulu peoples have concentrated in the costal areas. The Tuluvas (Tulu: à²¤à³à²³à³à²µ) are speakers of the Tulu language. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ...

The next largest group are the Konkanis who migrated here from Goa, due to persecution by the Portuguese. This article is about the people who speak Konkani Language. ...

Kannadigas are also settled her. Other peoples settled here are Malayalis and Bearis Malayali or Malayalee is the Malayalam word used to denote a person (usually Dravidians) from the state of Kerala. ... A beary woman clad in traditional Kuppaya and Tuni The Beary (also known as Byari) (Kannada: à²¬à³à²¯à²¾à²°à²¿) is a small, vibrant Muslim community concentrated mostly in coastal South Kanara (Dakshina Kannada) district of Karnataka state in India, having its own unique traditions, and distinct cultural identity. ...

See also

The Krishnapura Matha belongs to the Madhwa sect of Vaishnavism. ... Moodabidri as an ancient center of jain learning is referred to as Jain Kashi. This small town is 37 kms northeast of the head quarter Mangalore of the Dakshin Kannada district. ... , For other uses, see Udupi (disambiguation). ... Tulunadu is famous for its numerous temples. ...

External links

Notes

Categories: Articles lacking sources from March 2007 | All articles lacking sources | Tuluva | Regions of Karnataka The geographical south of India includes all Indian territory below the 20th parallel. ... The Eastern Ghats are a discontinuous range of mountains, eroded and cut through by the four major rivers of southern India, the Godavari, Mahanadi, Krishna, and Kaveri. ... Godavari river map The Godavari River, adjacent to the town of Kovvur This article is about Godavari River in India. ... This article is about a river. ... Krishna in Vijayawada in 2007 The River Krishna (meaning dark (feminine) in Sanskrit, also called the Krishnaveni, is one of the longest rivers of India (about 1300 km in length). ... The Narmada River in central India The Narmada (Gujarati: àª¨àª°à«àª®àª¦àª¾ Devanagri: à¤¨à¤°à¥à¤®à¤¦à¤¾ or Nerbudda (Narbada) is a river in central India in Indian subcontinent. ... // Tamil Nadu, India Tamil Nadu State in South India covers an area of 130,058 km 2 (50,215 mi2). ... A typical view of the Konkan, consisting of white-sand beaches and palm trees (mostly coconut and betel nut). ... The Satpura Range is a range of hills in central India. ... The Vindhya Range is a range of hills in central India, which geographically separates The Indian subcontinent into northern India and Southern India. ... The Agasthiyamalai range of the Western Ghats The Western Ghats are a mountain range in India. ... Carnatic is a name given by Europeans to a region of southern India, between the Eastern Ghats and the Coromandel Coast, in the modern Indian states of Tamil Nadu and southern Andhra Pradesh. ... Chola Nadu is a region of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... Districts along the Coromandel Coast Map of the coast (French) The Coromandel Coast is the name given to the southeastern coast of the Indian peninsula. ... The Deccan Plateau is a vast plateau in India, encompassing most of Central and Southern India. ... It has been suggested that History of the Konkan be merged into this article or section. ... Kongu Nadu is the north western region of the state of Tamil Nadu in Southern India. ... Malabar Coast, Kerala Bekal Fort Beach, Kerala The Malabar Coast also known as the Malabarian Coast, is a long and narrow south-western shore line of the mainland Indian subcontinent. ... Malnad (Kannada: à²®à²²à³†à²¨à²¾à²¡à³) (an English word for Malenadu in Kannada, male means rain and nadu means land) is a region of Karnataka state in South India. ... Pandya Nadu is a region of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... The Raichur Doab is the triangular region of Andhra Pradesh and Karnataka states which lies between the Krishna River and its tributary the Tungabhadra, named for the town of Raichur. ... Location of Telangana region Telangana region marked in white. ... Tondai Nadu is a region of Tamil Nadu state in southern India. ... The history of South India covers a span of over two thousand years during which the region saw the rise and fall of a number of dynasties and empires. ... The Chalukya Dynasty was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled parts of southern India between 550 and 750, and again between 973 and 1190. ... The Chera dynasty (Tamil: à®šà¯‡à®°à®°à¯) was one of the ancient Tamil dynasties that ruled southern India from ancient times until around the fifteenth century CE. The Early Cheras ruled over the Malabar Coast, Coimbatore, Karur and Salem Districts in South India, which now forms part of the modern day Kerala and... The Cholas were a South Indian Tamil dynasty, antedating the early Sangam literature (c. ... The introduction to this article provides insufficient context for those unfamiliar with the subject matter. ... The Hoysala Empire ruled part of southern India from 1000 to 1346. ... Kadambas was an ancient royal dynasty of Karnataka, who ruled from their capital of Banavasi from (345-525AD) later branched into Goa, Hanagal and Chandavar. ... The Pallava kingdom (Tamil: à®ªà®²à¯à®²à®µà®°à¯) was an ancient South Indian kingdom. ... The Nizam of Hyderabads coat of arms Nizam-ul-Mulk, commonly shortened to Nizam, was the title taken by the Asif Jahi rulers of Hyderabad state in India. ... The Pandyan kingdom à®ªà®¾à®£à¯à®Ÿà®¿à®¯à®°à¯ was an ancient Tamil state in South India of unknown antiquity. ... The Rashtrakutas were a dynasty which ruled the Deccan during the 8th-10th centuries. ... The Vijayanagara empire was based in the Deccan, in peninsular and southern India, from 1336 onwards. ... The Wodeyar dynasty (also spelt as Wadiyar-by the British and the Royal family members themselves and also as Odeyar by some) was an Indian royal dynasty that ruled the Kingdom of Mysore from 1399 to 1947, until the independence of India from British rule and the subsequent unification of... Ä€divÄsÄ«s (à¤†à¤¦à¤¿à¤µà¤¾à¤¸à¥€), literally original inhabitants, comprise a substantial indigenous minority of the population of India. ... The Badagas are an indigenous people inhabiting the Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu, southern India. ... Cochin Jews, also called Malabar Jews are the ancient prospetutess and their descendants of the South Indian erstwhile state of Kingdom of Cochin which includes the present day port city of Kochi. ... For other uses, see Dravidian (disambiguation). ... Kannadiga (Kannada: à²•à²¨à³à²¨à²¡à²¿à²— |masculine|), or Kannadati (Kannada: à²•à²¨à³à²¨à²¡à²¤à²¿ |feminine|) are an ethnic group primarily located in the state of Karnataka in India and neighbouring areas like Andhra Pradesh, Tamilnadu, Kerala, Goa and Maharashtra. ... Language(s) Kodava Takk Religion(s) Hinduism, Christianity Related ethnic groups Aryan people, Dravidian people Brahuis Kannadigas Malayalis Tamils Telugus Tuluvas Yeravas Kurubas Male-Kudiyas Holayas The Kodava (à²•à³Šà²¡à²µ in Kannada script) are a people of southern India, most of whom trace their orgins to the region of Kodagu. ... Languages Malayalam (à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´‚) Religions Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Judaism, Related ethnic groups Dravidian people Brahui people Kannadigas Tamils Telugus Tuluvas Malayali or Malayalee(à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´¿) is a name given to the inhabitants of the state of Kerala. ... The Syrian Kuriz also known as Nasrani Menorah or the Mar Thoma sliva The Syrian Malabar Nasrani people are an ethnic group from Kerala, South India. ... Languages Tamil Religions Hinduism, Christianity, Islam, Buddhism, Jainism Related ethnic groups Dravidian people Brahui people Kannadigas Malayalis Tamils Telugus Tuluvas Gonds The Tamil people are a multi-ethnic group from the Indian subcontinent with a recorded history going back more than two millennia. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... The Tuluvas (Tulu: à²¤à³à²³à³à²µ) are speakers of the Tulu language. ... A beary woman clad in traditional Kuppaya and Tuni The Beary (also known as Byari) (Kannada: à²¬à³à²¯à²¾à²°à²¿) is a small, vibrant Muslim community concentrated mostly in coastal South Kanara (Dakshina Kannada) district of Karnataka state in India, having its own unique traditions, and distinct cultural identity. ... It has been suggested that Hyderabadi Urdu be merged into this article or section. ... Kannada - aptly described as sirigannada (known to few as Kanarese) is one of the oldest Dravidian languages and is spoken in its various dialects by roughly 45 million people. ... Kodava Takk, often called Coorgi or Coorg language in English, is the original language of the south Karnataka district of Kodagu. ... Konkani language test of Wikipedia at Wikimedia Incubator Konkani (DevanÄgarÄ«: à¤•à¥‹à¤‚à¤•à¤£à¥€, Roman: Konknni, Kannada: à²•à³Šà²‚à²•à²£à²¿, Malayalam: à´•àµŠà´‚à´•à´£àµ€, IAST: ) is a language of India, and belongs to the Indo-European family of languages. ... Malayalam (à´®à´²à´¯à´¾à´³à´‚ ) is the language spoken predominantly in the state of Kerala, in southern India. ... Tamil ( ; IPA ) is a Dravidian language spoken predominantly by Tamils in India and Sri Lanka, with smaller communities of speakers in many other countries. ... â€œTeluguâ€ redirects here. ... Tulu is one of the minor languages of India with under 2,000,000 speakers. ... Beary bashe or Nakknik baase is a Dravidian language spoken by a religious minority of Muslim community called Bearys in a region known as Tulunadu in the state of Karnataka. ... Andhra redirects here. ... , Karnataka (Kannada: , IPA: ) is a state in the southern part of India. ... , Kerala ( ; Malayalam: à´•àµ‡à´°à´³à´‚; ) is a state on the Malabar Coast of southwestern India. ... This article is about the Union Territory. ... Tamil Nadu (தமிழ் நாடு, Land of the Tamils) is a state at the southern tip of India. ... South Indians are linguistically and culturally different from the rest of India[citation needed], although mutual interaction and the impress of similar external influences have made much cultural impact. ... Bharatanatyam[1] is a classical dance form originating from Tamil Nadu[2][3][4][5][6], a state in Southern India. ... Carnatic music, also known as is one of the two styles of Indian classical music, the other being Hindustani music. ... Hindustani (हिन्‍दुस्‍थानी) classical music is an Indian classical music tradition originating in the North of the Indian subcontinent circa the 13th and 14th centuries CE. Developing a strong and diverse tradition over several centuries, it has contemporary... Kannada literature refers to the literature in Kannada language spoken mainly in the Indian state of Karnataka. ... Kathakali (IPA: [katÌªÊ°akaÉi], Malayalam:ï¿½Â·à´¥ï¿½Â·à´³à´¿ , Sanskrit:ï¿½Â·à¤¥ï¿½Â·à¤³à¤¿) is a form of Indian dance-drama. ... Literature written in Malayalam language. ... Mappila Paattukal or Mappila Songs are folklore Muslim devotional songs in the Malayalam language. ... Mohiniaattam performers Mohiniaattam performers Mohiniaattam (à´®àµ†à´¾à´¹à´¿à´¨à´¿à´¯à´¾à´Ÿàµà´Ÿà´‚) (also spelled as mohiniattam or mohiniyattam) is a traditional South Indian dance form from Kerala, India. ... Mundum neriyathum is the traditional clothing of women in Kerala, South India. ... Onam (IPA: [oËÉ³am], Malayalam: à´“à´£à´‚) is an annual harvest festival, celebrated mainly in the south Indian state of Kerala. ... Sari has two meanings: name of an Indian garment worn by women. ... Sopanam is a form of Indian classical music developed in the temples of Kerala in the wake of the increasing popularity of the Jayadevas Gita Govinda or Ashtapathi. Sopanasangitham is sung by the side of the steps (Sopanam) of Temple, with the accompaniment of the drum called Idakka. The... Tamil literature is literature in the Tamil language which most prominently includes the contributions of the Tamil country (or Tamizhagam) history, a large part of which constitutes the modern state of Tamil Nadu and Kerala as well as some parts of Karnataka and Andra pradesh. ... Telugu literature is the literature of the Telugu people, an ethnic group based in southern India. ... A Yakshagana artist wearing pagaDe, one type of head-wear. ... Location of Kerala in India The Kerala model refers to a set of economic practices developed in Indias state of Kerala. ... 1868 m high Agastya Malai mountain Thenmala Adventure Zone // The Agasthyamalai Biosphere Reserve (ABR) was Established in 2001 and includes 1701 km2 ABR straddles the border of Kollam and Thiruvananthapuram Districts in Kerala and Tirunelveli and Kanyakumari Districts in Tamil Nadu, South India at the southern end of the Western... Anaimalai hills are a trekking destination in the Western Ghats located in the southern indian state of Tamil Nadu, Coimbatore district, and is known for its abundant wildlife. ... The state bird, Indian Roller The state of Karnataka located in South India has a rich diversity of flora and fauna. ... Map of Backwaters in Kerala The Kerala Backwaters are a chain of brackish lagoons and lakes lying parallel to the Arabian Sea coast (known as the Malabar Coast) of Kerala state in southern India. ... The Malabar Coast moist forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southwestern India. ... A teapicker at work in the Nilgiris Nigiris Hills It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into The Nilgiris District. ... The South Western Ghats montane rain forests are an ecoregion of southern India, covering the southern portion of the Western Ghats range in Kerala and Tamil Nadu, at elevations over 1000 meters. ... The South Western Ghats moist deciduous forests is a tropical moist broadleaf forest ecoregion of southern India. ...

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