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This is a list of English language words of Yiddish language origin, many of which have entered the language by way of American English or Cockney. Spelling of some of these words may be variable (for example, schlep is also seen as shlep, schnoz as shnozz, and so on). Many of these words are more common in the entertainment industry, via vaudeville, the Catskills/Borscht Belt, and Hollywood. Others are more regionally oriented, e.g. in the New York City metropolitan area. The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... Yiddish (Yid. ... English language prevalence in the United States. ... The term cockney refers to working-class inhabitants of London, particularly east London, and the slang used by these people. ... Vaudeville is a style of multi-act theatre which flourished in North America from the 1880s through the 1920s. ... Catskill State Park as seen from Overlook Mountian The Catskill Mountains are an extension of the Appalachian Mountains into New York State. ... Borscht Belt is an informal term for the summer resorts of the Catskill Mountains in Sullivan and Ulster Counties in upstate New York which were frequented by Ashkenazic Jews. ... ... Nickname: Big Apple, Gotham, NYC Location in the state of New York Coordinates: Country United States State New York Boroughs The Bronx Brooklyn Manhattan Queens Staten Island Settled 1613  - Mayor Michael Bloomberg (R) Area    - City 1,214. ...


It is worth noting that some of these words are in fact of Hebrew origin, and others are of Slavic (e.g., Polish or Ukrainian) origin, but have entered the English language via their Yiddish forms. Since Yiddish is closely related to modern German, many native Yiddish words have close German cognates; in a few cases it is difficult to tell whether English borrowed a particular word from Yiddish or from German. Yiddish is the language most closely related to modern German, roughly as close as Swiss-German dialects or closer. The transliterated spellings of Yiddish words and conventional German spellings are different, but the pronunciations are generally the same (e.g., 'schvarts' in Yiddish is pronounced the same way as 'schwarz' in German). Hebrew redirects here. ...  Countries where a West Slavic language is the national language  Countries where an East Slavic language is the national language  Countries where a South Slavic language is the national language The Slavic languages (also called Slavonic languages), a group of closely related languages of the Slavic peoples and a subgroup... Transliteration is the practice of transcribing a word or text written in one writing system into another writing system. ...


It should also be noted that many of these words are used in English differently than in Yiddish. For example "Chutzpah" is usually used in Yiddish with a negative connotation meaning improper audacity, while in English it has a more positive meaning. "Shlep" in Yiddish is usually used for carrying (or dragging) something else, while in English it is used more commonly for dragging the self. "Glitch" simply means "slip" in Yiddish.


A list of English words of Yiddish origin is found below. Except as noted, all words listed can be found in the Oxford English Dictionary, the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, or the current Merriam-Webster online dictionary. The Oxford English Dictionary print set The Oxford English Dictionary (OED) is a dictionary published by the Oxford University Press (OUP), and is generally regarded as the most comprehensive and scholarly dictionary of the English language. ... The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language (AHD) is a dictionary of American English published by Boston publisher Houghton-Mifflin, the first edition of which appeared in 1969. ... Merriam-Webster, originally known as the G. & C. Merriam Company of Springfield, Massachusetts, is a United States company that publishes reference books, especially dictionaries that are descendants of Noah Websters An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828). ...

  • bagel : a ring-shaped bread roll made by boiling then baking the dough (from בײגל beygl)
  • blintz : a sweet cheese-filled crepe (from Yiddish בלינצע blintse)
  • bris : the circumcision of a male child. (from Hebrew brith 'covenant')
  • bubkes (also spelled "bupkis") : emphatically nothing, as in He isn't worth bubkes (literally 'goat droppings')
  • chazerai : junk, garbage, junk food (in Yiddish, khazerai 'filth', from khazer 'pig', from Hebrew ḥazzir)
  • chutzpah : ballsiness, guts, daring, audacity, effrontery (Yiddish חוצפּה khutspe, from Hebrew)
  • dybbuk : the malevolent spirit of a dead person which enters and controls a living body until exorcised (from Hebrew דיבוק dibbuk, that which clings)
  • dreck : (vulgar) worthless material, especially merchandise; "crap" (cf. German Dreck 'dirt')
  • feygele : (pejorative) homosexual (literally 'little bird') (cf. German Vogel 'bird')
  • fress : to eat, especially with enthusiasm or in large quantities (Yiddish fresn, cf. German fressen which is usually used only for animals as opposed to the essen the word for eat used for humans)
  • frimmer : (British English slang) a Hasidic Jew (from Yiddish frum 'religious' cf. German fromm)
  • ganef or gonif : thief, scoundrel, rascal (Yiddish גנבֿ ganef 'thief', from Hebrew gannav).
  • gelt : money; chocolate coins eaten on Hanukkah (געלט gelt 'money', cf. German Geld)
  • gevalt : interjection of shock, dismay, or alarm (from Yiddish gvald 'emergency', cf. Gewalt 'force, violence')
  • glitch : a minor malfunction (possibly from Yiddish glitsh)
  • golem : a man-made humanoid; an android, Frankenstein monster (from Hebrew גולם gōlem, but influenced in pronunciation by Yiddish goylem)
  • goy : a gentile, someone not of the Jewish faith or people (Yiddish גוי, plural גוים goyim; from Hebrew גוים goyim meaning 'nations [usually other than Israel]', plural of גוי goy 'nation')
  • haimish (also heimish) : home-like, friendly, folksy (cf. German heimisch as opposed to unheimlich which implies creepy or unfamiliar, literally unhome-like)
  • kibitz : to offer unwanted advice, e.g. to someone playing cards; to converse idly, hence a kibbitzer, gossip (Yiddish קיבעצן kibetsn), origin not clear: perhaps from Rotwelsch kiewischen meaning sharing the stolen goods or the German word for Northern Lapwing (Kiebitz)
  • klutz : clumsy person (from Yiddish קלאָץ klots 'wooden beam', cf. German Klotz)
  • kosher : conforming to Jewish dietary laws; (slang) appropriate, legitimate (originally from Hebrew כּשר kašer)
  • kvell : feel delighted and proud (Yiddish קװעלן kveln), probably from on old Germanic root qwell meaning to well up
  • kvetch : to complain habitually, gripe; as a noun, a person who always complains (from Yiddish קװעטשן kvetshn 'press, squeeze', cf. German quetschen)
  • latke : potato pancake, especially during Hanukkah (from Yiddish, from either Ukrainian or Russian)
  • l'chaim : "cheers!", used as a toast (from either Yiddish lekhaim, or Hebrew ləḥayyim 'to life!')
  • Litvak : a Lithuanian Jew
  • lox : smoked salmon (from Yiddish לאַקס laks 'salmon'; cf. German Lachs 'salmon')
  • macher : big shot, important person (Yiddish מאַכער makher, literally 'maker' from מאַכן makhn 'make', cf. German Macher)
  • mamzer : bastard (from Yiddish or Hebrew ממזר)
  • maven : expert (from Yiddish מבֿין meyvn, from Hebrew meveen 'one who understands')
  • mazel : luck (Yiddish מזל mazl, from Hebrew מזל mazzāl 'luck, planet', cf. German Massel)
  • Mazel tov : congratulations! (Yiddish מזל־טובֿ‏ mazl-tov, from Hebrew mazzāl ṭōv: mazzāl 'luck' + ṭōv 'good')
  • megillah : a tediously detailed discourse (from Yiddish מגילה megile 'lengthy document, scroll [esp. the Book of Esther]', from Hebrew מגילה məgillā 'scroll')
  • mensch : an upright man; a decent human being (from Yiddish מענטש mentsh 'person', cf. German Mensch)
  • meshuga, also meshugge, meshuggeneh, meshugah, meshuggah,  : crazy (Yiddish משוגע meshuge, from Hebrew məšugga‘)
  • meshugas : madness, nonsense, irrational idiosyncrasy (Yiddish משוגעת meshugas, from Hebrew məšugga‘ath, a form of the above)
  • meshuggener : a crazy person (Yiddish משוגענער meshugener, a derivative of the above משוגע meshuge)
  • minyan : the quorum of ten adult (i.e., 13 or older) Jewish males who are necessary for the holding of a public worship service (Yiddish מנין minyen, from Hebrew מנין minyān)
  • mishpocha : extended family (Yiddish משפּחה mishpokhe, from Hebrew משפּחה mišpāḥā)
  • mohel : a religious circumciser (when pronounced "moyl" in English, Yiddish מוהל moyl, from Hebrew מוהל mōhēl)
  • naches : pride, esp. in the achievements of one's children (Yiddish נחת nakhes, from Hebrew נחת naḥath 'contentment')
  • narrischkeit : foolishness, nonsense (Yiddish narishkayt, from nar 'fool', cf. German Narrheit)
  • nebbish : an insignificant, pitiful person; a nonentity (from Yiddish nebekh 'poor thing!' [interjection])
  • noodge : to pester, nag, whine; as a noun, a pest or whiner (from Yiddish נודיען nudyen, from Polish or Russian)
  • nosh : snack (noun or verb) (Yiddish נאַשן nashn, cf. German naschen)
  • nosherei : snack food (Yiddish nasheray 'tidbit', from the above nashn, cf. German Nascherei)
  • nu : multipurpose interjection often analogous to "well?" or "so?" (Yiddish נו nu, perhaps akin to Russian "ну" or to Saxonian (German) dialect (very common there))
  • nudnik : a pest, "pain in the neck"; a bore (Yiddish נודניק nudnik, from the above נודיען nudyen)
  • oy : interjection of surprise, dismay, or grief (Yiddish אױ oy), shorted from oy gevalt and oy vey
  • oy gevalt : interjection of grief, pain, or horror
  • oy vey : interjection of grief, pain, or horror (Yiddish אױ װײ oy vey 'oh, pain!' or "oh, woe"), short for oy vey iz mir or oh woe is me (cf. German oh weh)
  • oy vey iz mir : interjection of grief, pain, or horror
  • pareve : containing neither meat nor dairy products (from Yiddish (פּאַרעװ(ע parev(e))
  • pisher : a nobody, an inexperienced person (Yiddish פּישער pisher, from פּישן pishn 'piss', cf. German pissen vb. 'piss')
  • potch : slap, smack (Yiddish פּאטשן patshn)
  • plotz : to burst, as from strong emotion (from Yiddish פּלאַצן platsn 'crack', cf. German platzen)
  • putz : an idiot, a jerk; a penis (from Yiddish פּאָץ pots). The word ultimately derives from the latter half of the Latin word for foreskin, praeputium (prae + putium = fore + swelling)
  • schlemiel : an inept clumsy person; a bungler; a dolt (Yiddish shlemil)
  • schlep : to drag or haul (an object); to make a tedious journey (from Yiddish שלעפּן shlepn; cf. German schleppen)
  • schlimazel : a chronically unlucky person (שלימזל shlimazl, from Middle High German schlim 'crooked' and Hebrew מזל mazzāl 'luck') [1]
In June 2004, Yiddish shlimazl was one of the ten non-English words that were voted Words hardest to translate by a British translation company.
  • schlock : something cheap, shoddy, or inferior (perhaps from Yiddish shlak 'a stroke')
  • schlong : (vulgar) penis (from Yiddish שלאַנג shlang 'snake'; cf. German Schlange)
  • schlub: a clumsy, stupid, or unattractive person (Yiddish zhlob 'hick', perhaps from Polish żłób)
  • schmaltz : melted chicken fat; excessive sentimentality (from Yiddish שמאַלץ shmalts 'fat'; cf. German Schmalz)
  • schmeer also schmear : noun or verb: spread (e.g., cream cheese on a bagel); bribe (from Yiddish שמיר shmir 'smear'; cf. German schmieren)
  • schmatte : a rag (from Yiddish שמאַטע shmate, from Polish szmata)
  • schmendrik : a foolish or contemptible person (from a character in an operetta by Abraham Goldfaden)
  • schmo : a stupid person. (an alteration of schmuck; see below)
  • schmooze : to converse informally, make small talk or chat (from Yiddish שמועסן shmuesn 'converse'; cf. German schmusen meaning also 'to canoodle').
The word has been somewhat popularised by Sir Alan Sugar (a Jew himself) on the BBC TV series The Apprentice.
  • schmuck : a contemptible or foolish person; a jerk; literally means 'penis' (from Yiddish שמאָק shmok 'penis'; cf. German Schmuck jewel, decoration, and the English term family jewels)
  • schmutter : clothing; rubbish (from Yiddish Yiddish שמאַטע shmate 'rag', as above)
  • schmutz - dirt (from Yiddish שמוץ shmuts or German Schmutz 'dirt')
  • schnook : an easily imposed-upon or cheated person, a pitifully meek person, a particularly gullible person (perhaps from Yiddish שנוק shnuk 'snout')
  • schnorrer : beggar (Yiddish שנאָרער shnorer)
  • schnoz or schnozz also schnozzle : a nose, especially a large nose (perhaps from Yiddish שנויץ shnoits 'snout', cf. German Schnauze)
  • schvitz : sweat; used as a noun or a verb
  • Shabbos or Shabbes : Shabbat (Yiddish Shabes, from Hebrew Šabbāth)
  • shammes : the beadle or sexton of a synagogue (Yiddish shames, from Hebrew שמש šammāš 'attendant'), possibly contributory to the American slang word "shamus," for a policeman, by way of the Irish "Seamus"
  • shamus: a detective (possibly from shammes)
  • shegetz : (derogratory) a young non-Jewish male (Yiddish שגץ or שײגעץ sheygets, from Hebrew šeqeṣ 'blemish')
  • shicker' or shickered : drunk (adjective or noun) (Yiddish shiker 'drunk', from Hebrew šikkōr)
  • shiksa : (often derogatory) a young non-Jewish woman (Yiddish שיקסע shikse, a derivative of the above שײגעץ sheygets)
  • shtetl : a small town with a large Jewish population in pre-Holocaust Eastern Europe (Yiddish שטעטל shtetl 'town', diminutive of שטאָט shtot 'city'; cf. German Städtle, South German colloquial diminuitive of Stadt, city)
  • shtick : comic theme; a defining habit or distinguishing feature (from Yiddish שטיק 'piece'; cf. German Stück)
  • shvartze(r) : black person (from inflected forms of Yiddish שװאַרץ shvarts 'black'; cf. German schwarz)
  • spiel : a sales pitch or speech intended to persuade (from Yiddish שפּיל shpil 'play' or German Spiel 'play').
  • tchotchke or tsatske : knickknack, trinket, curio (from Yiddish טשאַטשקע tshatshke)
  • tohu wa-bohu : chaos or chaotic scene, from Old Testament/Tanakh in Genesis, Hebrew תֹהוּ וָבֹהוּ, tohu means 'desert' (adj.), wa means 'and' and bohu means 'devoid', the state before creation
  • tref or trayf or traif : not kosher (Yiddish treyf, from Hebrew ṭərēfā 'carrion')
  • tsimmes : a sweet stew of vegetables and fruit; a fuss, a confused affair, a to-do (Yiddish צימעס tsimes)
  • tsuris : troubles (from Yiddish צרות tsores)
  • tuchus : buttocks, rear end (from Yiddish תּחת tokhes, from Hebrew תחת taḥath 'underneath').
  • tummler : an entertainer or master of ceremonies, especially one who encourages audience interaction (from Yiddish tumler, from tumlen 'make a racket'; cf. German reflexive verb (sich) tummeln 'to move around')
  • tush : butt, rear end (from tuchus)
  • verklemt :disheveled
  • yarmulke : round cloth skullcap worn by observant Jews (etymology unclear)
  • Yekke : (mildly derogatory) a German Jew (Yiddish יעקע Yeke)
  • yenta : a talkative woman; a gossip; a scold (from Yiddish יענטע, from a given name)
  • Yiddish : the Yiddish language (from Yiddish Yidish 'Jewish'; Cf German adj. jüdisch)
  • yontef also yom tov : a Jewish holiday on which work is forbidden, eg. Rosh Hashanah, Yom Kippur, Pesach (from Yiddish יום- טובֿ yontef 'holiday', from Hebrew יום טוב yōm ṭōv 'good day')
  • zaftig : plump, chubby, full-figured (from Yiddish zaftik 'juicy'; cf. German saftig)

One Montreal-style bagel with mun (poppyseeds) and two with sesame seeds from R.E.A.L Bagels in Montreal, Canada. ... Home-made Russian-style blini with sour cream, roe and chopped onion. ... Brit milah (Hebrew: convenant of circumcision), also bris milah (Ashkenazi pronunciation) is a Jewish ceremony which welcomes infant boys into the covenant through ritual circumcision performed by a mohel in the presence of family and friends, followed by a celebratory meal. ... Chutzpah is the quality of audacity, for good or for bad. ... Dybbuk - in kabbalah and European Jewish folklore, is a malicious possessing spirit, believed to be the dislocated soul of a dead person, escaped from Gehenna, a Hebrew term very loosely translated as hell. The word dybbuk is derived from the Hebrew דיבוק, meaning attachment; the dybbuk attaches itself to the body... Since its coinage, the word homosexuality has acquired multiple meanings. ... 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Goy (Hebrew: גוי, plural goyim גוים) is a transliterated Hebrew word which translates as nation or people. // A page from Elia Levitas Yiddish-Hebrew-Latin-German dictionary (16th century) contains a list of nations, including word גוי, translated to Latin as Ethnicus In the Hebrew Bible, goy and its variants appear over... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Rotwelsch or Gaunersprache is a secret language, a cant or theives argot, spoken by covert groups primarily in Germany, Switzerland and the Low Countries. ... Binomial name Vanellus vanellus (Linnaeus, 1758) The Northern Lapwing (Vanellus vanellus), also known as the Peewit or just Lapwing, is a bird in the plover family. ... A klutz is person who is clumsy, foolish, inept, or accident-prone. ... The circled U indicates that this can of tuna is certified kosher by the Union of Orthodox Congregations. ... The kvetch of Discworld live mostly in Mouldavia. ... Potato pancakes or latkes (sometimes spelled latkas) are a dish made predominantly of grated potatoes fried in oil. ... Hanukkah, also known as the Festival of Lights or Festival of Rededication, is an eight-day Jewish holiday that starts on the 25th day of Kislev, which may be in December, late November, or, while very rare in occasion, early January (as was the case for the Hanukkah of 2005... There are very few or no other articles that link to this one. ... A Litvak is a person of Lithuanian Jewish ancestry. ... Lithuanian Jews, (In Yiddish known as Litvish or Litvaks) are Ashkenazi Jews who have their origins in historic Lithuania. ... Lox is salmon, typically a filet, that has been cured, and then often it is cold smoked. ... Mamzer (Hebrew: ממזר) in Halakha (Jewish religious law) is a product of certain illegitimate relationships between two Jews. ... A maven (also mavin or mayvin) is an expert in a particular field, usually one who is self-appointed and who seeks to pass his knowledge on to others. ... Mazel Group Engineering is a Barcelona based design studio specialising in concept cars and enginineering solutions. ... This page is a candidate for speedy deletion. ... The Book of Esther is a book of the Tanakh (Hebrew Bible) and of the Old Testament. ... Mensch (Yiddish מענטש; also mentsch, mentsh, mensh, or mench, plural - mentchen) is a German noun meaning a human. In Yiddish (from which the word has migrated into American English), mensch roughly means a good person. ... A minyan (Hebrew: plural minyanim) is traditionally a quorum of ten or more adult (over the age of Bar Mitzvah) male Jews for the purpose of communal prayer; a minyan is often held within a synagogue, but may be (and often is) held elsewhere. ... When a Jewish child reaches the age of maturity (12 years and one day for girls, 13 years and one day for boys) that child becomes responsible for him/herself under Jewish law; at this point a boy is said to become Bar Mitzvah (בר מצו&#1493... A mohel (מוהל also moel) is a Jewish ritual circumciser who performs a brit milah ritual circumcision on the penis of a male who is to enter the Jewish covenant. ... This article is about male circumcision. ... Nosh is the Yiddish Word for Snack food. ... Map showing the location of Lower Saxony in the northwest, Saxony-Anhalt in the center, and the Free State of Saxony in the southeast. ... Oy or OY may refer to: Oi, a British slang interjection to get someones attention Oy! or Oy vey!, a Hebrew and Yiddish exclamation of dismay or exasperation The digraph oy Osakeyhtiö, the Finnish equivalent of Limited company Oy (Dark Tower), the name of the billybumbler that befriends Jake... Look up oy vey in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The Male Anatomy The foreskin or prepuce (a technically broader term that also includes the clitoral hood, the homologous structure in women) is a retractable double-layered fold of skin and mucous membrane that covers the glans penis and protects the urinary meatus when the penis is not erect. ... Middle High German (MHG, German Mittelhochdeutsch) is the term used for the period in the history of the German language between 1050 and 1350. ... The English language is a West Germanic language that originates in England. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Untranslatability. ... Look up schlock in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The penis (plural penises or penes) or phallus is the external male copulatory organ of some animals, and, in mammals, the external male organ of urination. ... Schmaltz is rendered chicken or goose fat used for frying or spreading on bread. ... 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Jewish holiday, (or Yom Tom or chag or taanit in Hebrew) is a day that is holy to the Jewish people according to Judaism and is usually derived from the Hebrew Bible, specifically the Torah, and in some cases established by the rabbis in later eras. ... This article is about the Jewish holiday of Rosh Hashanah. ... Yom Kippur (יום כיפור yom kippÅ«r) is the Jewish holiday of the Day of Atonement. ... Passover, also known as Pesach or Pesah (פסח pesaḥ), is a Jewish holiday (lasting seven days in Israel and among some liberal Diaspora Jews, and eight days among other Diaspora Jews) that commemorates the exodus and freedom of the Israelites from Egypt; it is also observed by... Rubens Venus at the Mirror BBW, an initialism for Big Beautiful Woman, denotes an attractive, self-confident woman of size. BBWs are also the focus of a subculture with interests centered on the acceptance, support, and admiration of obese women. ...

Note

  1. ^ The difference between a schlemiel and a schlimazel is described through the aphorism, "The schlemiel spills his soup on the schlimazel." Also, the words schlemiel and schlimazel appear prominently in the Laverne and Shirley theme song.

Laverne & Shirley was a popular American television situation comedy which ran on ABC from 1976 to 1983. ... The theme music of a radio or television program is a melody closely associated with the show, and usually played during the title sequence and/or end credits. ...

See also

. ... This is a list of English words of Hebrew (and related Semitic) origin. ... This is a list of German expressions used in English; some relatively common (e. ...

External links

  • How to Speak Recording Studio Yiddish


 

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