NationMaster - Encyclopedia: Turboshaft

A turboshaft engine is a form of gas turbine which is optimized to produce shaft power, rather than jet thrust. In principle a turboshaft engine is similar to a turbojet, except the former features additional turbine expansion to extract heat energy from the exhaust and convert it into output shaft power. Ideally there should be little residual thrust energy in the exhaust and the power turbine should be free to run at whatever speed the load demands. Image File history File links Turboshaft_operation. ... Image File history File links Turboshaft_operation. ... This machine has a single-stage centrifugal compressor and turbine, a recuperator, and foil bearings. ... Jet aircraft with condensation trail Jet aircraft are aircraft with jet engines. ... Turbojets are the simplest and oldest kind of general purpose jet engines. ...

The general layout of a turboshaft is similar to that of a turboprop, the main difference being the latter produces some residual propulsion thrust to supplement that produced by the shaft driven propeller. Another difference is that with a turboshaft the main gearbox is part of the vehicle (e.g. helicopter rotor reduction gearbox), not the engine. Virtually all turboshafts have a "free" power turbine, although this is also generally true for modern turboprop engines. At a given power output, compared to the equivalent piston engine, a turboshaft is extremely compact and, consequently, lightweight. A schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine. ...

The name turboshaft is most commonly applied to engines driving ships, helicopters, tanks, locomotives and hovercraft or those used as stationary power sources. Ticonderoga class cruiser is a class of warships in the US Navy, first ordered and authorized in FY 1978. ... The Bell UH-1 Iroquois, commonly known as the Huey, was a multipurpose military helicopter, famous for its use in the Vietnam war. ... UP 18, preserved at the Illinois Railway Museum. ... A Hovercraft, or Air-Cushion Vehicle (ACV), is an amphibious vehicle or craft, designed to travel over any sufficiently smooth surface - land or water - supported by a cushion of slowly moving, low-pressure air, ejected downwards against the surface close below it. ...

The first true turboshaft engine was built by the French engine firm Turbomeca, led by the founder, Joseph Szydlowski. In 1948 they built the first French-designed turbine engine, the 100shp 782. In 1950 this work was used to develop the larger 280shp Artouste, which was widely used on the Aérospatiale Alouette II and other helicopters. The distinct whine of the Artouste is familiar to all those who have watched a 1967 UK television series The Prisoner, since an Alouette was featured in many of the episodes. Note that Artouste is also the name of an unrelated English design, the Blackburn Artouste. Founded in 1938, Turbomeca is one of the leading manufacturers of low and medium-power gas turbine for helicopters. ... Joseph Szydlowski was a Polish-born aircraft engine designer who founded Turbomeca in France after fleeing Poland during the Nazi invasion at the start of World War II. He built the company on licensed production during the war, and turned to small turbine engines for helicopters when the war ended. ... Year 1948 (MCMXLVIII) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display the 1948 calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The TurbomÃ©ca Artouste was an early French turboshaft engine, first run in 1947. ... The Alouette II is a light helicopter originally manufactured by Sud Aviation and later AÃ©rospatiale of France. ... Year 1967 (MCMLXVII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the 1967 Gregorian calendar. ... A television program is the content of television broadcasting. ... For other uses, see The Prisoner (disambiguation) and Prisoner. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... TurbomÃ©ca Artouste II C6 The Turbomeca Artouste was an early French turboshaft engine, first run in 1947. ...

Major efforts were underway in the United States and the United Kingdom to build similar engines. In the US Anselm Franz followed the same principles of simplicity that he used to develop the Jumo 004 in Germany, producing the T53 engine at Lycoming in 1953, and following this with the larger T55. General Electric beat his design into operation with their T58 series. Anselm Franz (1900-1994) was a pioneering jet engine engineer, known for the development of the Jumo 004 turbojet in Germany during World War II, and his work on turboshaft designs in the US after the war. ... The Jumo 004 was the worlds first turbojet engine in production and operational use. ... The Lycoming T53 is a turboshaft engine used on American helicopters and fixed-wing aircraft (in turboprop form), since the 1950s. ... Lycoming Engines is a major aircraft engine company, known primarily for their smaller general aviation engines. ... January 7 - President Harry S. Truman announces the United States has developed a hydrogen bomb. ... The T-54 and T-55 tank series was the Soviet Unions front-line main battle tank from 1947 until 1962. ... â€œGEâ€ redirects here. ... The General Electric T58 was a US turboshaft engine developed for helicopter use. ...

Today almost all engines are built so that power-take-off is independent of engine speed, using the free turbine stage. This has two advantages:

This leads to slightly larger engines—compare the Pratt & Whitney PT-6 and similar models from Garrett Systems, for instance—but for the speed ranges served by these engines it is considered to be unimportant. Today practically all smaller turbine engines come in both turboprop and turboshaft versions, differing primarily in their accessory systems. The PT6 is a turboprop aircraft engine manufactured by Pratt & Whitney Canada and is the most popular turboprop in history [1]. It has an unusual design in that the air enters from the rear of the engine and the power section is at the front. ... Garrett Engine Boosting Systems is a subsidiary of Honeywell Corporation. ...

See also

Categories: Gas turbines | Aircraft engines // Calculations TS Diagram Typical Temperature vs. ... Jet aircraft are aircrafts with jet engines. ... A rider on a Yamaha Waverunner XL performing a high-speed turn A jetboat is a boat propelled by a jet of water ejected from the back of the craft. ... Schematic diagram of high-bypass turbofan engine CFM56-3 turbofan, lower half, side view. ... Turbojets are the simplest and oldest kind of general purpose jet engines. ... A schematic diagram showing the operation of a turboprop engine. ... A Pratt and Whitney turbofan engine for the F-15 Eagle is tested at Robins Air Force Base, Georgia, USA. The tunnel behind the engine muffles noise and allows exhaust to escape. ... For other uses, see Ramjet (disambiguation). ... A remote camera captures a close-up view of a Space Shuttle Main Engine during a test firing at the John C. Stennis Space Center in Hancock County, Mississippi Spacecraft propulsion is any method used to change the velocity of spacecraft and artificial satellites. ... A supercharger (also known as a blower) is an air compressor used to force more air (and hence more oxygen) into the combustion chamber(s) of an internal combustion engine than can be achieved at ambient atmospheric pressure (natural aspiration). ... Air foil bearing-supported turbocharger cutaway made by Mohawk Innovative Technology Inc. ... This machine has a single-stage centrifugal compressor and turbine, a recuperator, and foil bearings. ... This article is being considered for deletion in accordance with Wikipedias deletion policy. ... MTT Turbine SUPERBIKE, also known as Y2K Turbine SUPERBIKE, is the worlds second wheel driven motorcycle powered by a turbine engine, invented by Ted McIntyre of Marine Turbine Technologies Inc. ... Aviation encompasses all the activities relating to airborne devices created by human ingenuity, generally known as aircraft. ... This is a timeline of aviation history. ... This list of aircraft is sorted alphabetically, beginning with the name of the manufacturer (or, in certain cases, designer). ... This is a list of aircraft manufacturers (in alphabetic order). ... List of aircraft engines: // Two- and four-stroke rotary, radial, inline. ... This is a list of aircraft engine manufacturers both past and present. ... This is a list of airlines in operation (by continents and country). ... This is a list of air forces, sorted alphabetically by country, followed by a list of former countries air forces. ... This is an incomplete list of aircraft weapons, past and present. ... Below is a list of (links to pages on) missiles, sorted alphabetically by name. ... A Boeing 720 being flown under remote control as part of NASAs Controlled Impact Demonstration The following is a list of Unmanned aerial vehicles developed and operated by various countries around the world. ... This is a list of experimental aircraft. ... // This is a list of notable incidents and accidents involving military aircraft grouped by the year that the incident or accident occurred. ... This list of notable accidents and incidents on commercial aircraft is grouped by the years in which the incidents or accidents occurred. ... // This list of notable accidents and incidents involving general aviation is grouped by the years in which the incidents or accidents occurred. ... This is a list of some well-known people who have died in aviation-related events. ... The SR-71 Blackbird is the current record holder. ... Flight distance records without refueling. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with List of altitude records reached by different aircraft types. ... The flight endurance record is the amount of time spent in the air. ... Aircraft with a production run greater than 5,000 aircraft. ... Transcontinental air speed record In-flight and on-ground time is counted 1929 Frank Hawks 1937 Howard Hughes Junior transcontinental air speed record For the junior record only in-flight time is counted 1929 Richard James 1930 Stanley Boynton East to West, 24 hours, 2 minutes in 6 days 1930...