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Encyclopedia > Turkmens
A Turkmen man in traditional clothes, around 1905–1915

Turkmen people (of which the Turkic plural is properly Turkmenler) form an ethnic group, part of the Turkic peoples. Historically, all of the Western or Oghuz Turks have been called Türkmen or "Turcoman", but nowadays the term is usually restricted to two groups: the Turkmens of Turkmenistan and adjacent parts of Iran and Afghanistan; and the Turkmens of northern Iraq, whose language is perhaps closer to Azeri. Download high resolution version (3205x2647, 898 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Download high resolution version (3205x2647, 898 KB) Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... This article or section should be merged with ethnicity An ethnic group is a group of people who identify with one another, or are so identified by others, on the basis of a boundary that distinguishes them from other groups. ... Turkic peoples - Wikipedia /**/ @import /skins/monobook/IE50Fixes. ... For all the Turkic groups & Turkic history, see Turkic peoples The Oghuz Turks, or Oguz Turks (Okuz, Oufoi, Guozz, Ghuzz) are regarded as one of the major branches of the Turks in history. ... Turkmenistan, once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia. ... Iran (Persian: ایران) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia. ... Afghanistan (Pashtu/Dari-Persian: Afğānistān افغانستان) is a country in Central Asia. ... Note: This page contains IPA phonetic symbols in Unicode. ...

Contents

Turkmen in Central Asia

Turkmen people live in:

Turkmenistan, once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia. ... Iran (Persian: ایران) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia. ... Iran consists of 30 provinces: Provinces are governed from a local center, mostly the largest local city. ... Categories: Iran geography stubs | Provinces of Iran ... Categories: Iran geography stubs | Provinces of Iran ... The Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with native language biblical texts. ... Turkmen (Туркмен, ISO 639-1: tk, ISO 639-2: tuk) is the name of the national language of Turkmenistan. ... Iran (Persian: ایران) is a Middle Eastern country located in southwestern Asia. ... Afghanistan (Pashtu/Dari-Persian: Afğānistān افغانستان) is a country in Central Asia. ... The Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with native language biblical texts. ... Categories: Stub | Provinces of Afghanistan ... Categories: Stub | Provinces of Afghanistan ... Categories: Afghanistan geography stubs | Provinces of Afghanistan ...

Saparmyrat Nyýazow

Since October 22, 1993 Saparmyrat Nyýazow has used the title Turkmenbashi (Türkmenbaşy), meaning "Leader of all Ethnic Turkmen". In his state Turkmenistan, this is probably largely true. It should be noted, however, that President Nyýazow has not to date demonstrated any desire to expand his political suzerainty beyond the borders of Turkmenistan October 22 is the 295th day of the year (296th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 70 days remaining. ... Saparmurat Atayevich Niyazov Turkmenbashy [ssap-ar-moor-at ni-yaz-obv] (Turkmen Saparmyrat Nyýazow Türkmenbaşy) (born February 19, 1940) has been the most powerful figure in Turkmenistan since 1985. ... Türkmenbaşy, or Leader of all ethnic Turkmen, is: The self-proclaimed title of the president for life of the Republic of Turkmenistan, Saparmurat Niyazov. ... Turkmenistan, once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia. ...


Turkmen in Iraq

A Turkmen minority live in Iraq, primarily in and around Kirkuk. Estimates of their numbers vary dramatically, from 300 000 Turkmen and Turkish speakers according to the Ethnologue[1]  (http://www.ethnologue.org/show_country.asp?name=Iraq) to 3 million according to the Iraqi Turkmen Front.[2]  (http://www.turkmenfront.org/English/Events/s7.htm) These people are the descendants of those Turks the Ottoman Empire brought to the region from Turkey to work as a secure line of people to transport mail from Baghdad to Istanbul and vice versa. They speak a language that is a mixture of Arabic, Kurdish and old Turkish. It is a minority language. The Republic of Iraq is a Middle Eastern country in southwestern Asia encompassing the ancient region of Mesopotamia at the confluence of the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers. ... Kirkuk (كركوك) is an ancient city in Iraq, sitting near the Hasa River on the ruins of a 3,000-year-old settlement. ... The Ethnologue: Languages of the World is a web and print publication of SIL International (formerly known as the Summer Institute of Linguistics), a Christian linguistic service organization which studies lesser-known languages primarily to provide the speakers with native language biblical texts. ... The Iraqi Turkmen Front (Turkmen: Irak Türkmen Cephesi) is a political movement founded in 1995 which seeks to represent the Turkmen people of Iraq. ... The Ottoman Empire at the height of its power Imperial motto El Muzaffer Daima The Ever Victorious (as written in tugra) Official language Ottoman Turkish Capital İstanbul ( Constantinople/Asitane/Konstantiniyye ) Sovereigns Sultans of the Osmanli Dynasty Population ca 40 million Area 12+ million km² Establishment 1299 Dissolution October 29, 1923... The Republic of Turkey is a country located in Southwest Asia with a small part of its territory (3%) in southeastern Europe. ... A street map of Baghdad Average temperature (red) and precipitations (blue) in Baghdad Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq and the Baghdad Province. ... This article needs cleanup. ...


Since the fall of Saddam Hussein in 2003, Iraqi Turkmen have emerged as a key political force in the controversy over the future status of northern Iraq and the Kurdish Autonomous Region. The government of Turkey has helped fund such political organizations as the Iraqi Turkmen Front, which opposes Iraqi federalism and in particular the proposed annexation of Kirkuk to Kurdistan. [3] (http://english.aljazeera.net/NR/exeres/563D3875-FE1D-4C26-9146-F91377A4FB19.htm) Saddam Hussein Saddām Hussein ʻAbd al-Majid al-Tikrītī (Often spelt Husayn or Hussain; Arabic صدام حسين عبدالمجيد التكريتي; born April 28, 1937 1) was President of Iraq from 1979 to 2003. ... Official languages: Kurdish and Arabic Capital: Erbil Prime Minister: Nechervan Idris Barzani Area about 80 000 km² Population  - Total (2005):  - Density: perhaps 5,750,000 40/km² Currency: Iraqi dinar Time zone: UTC+3 National anthem: Ey Reqîb The Kurdish Autonomous Region is a political entity established in 1970 following... The Republic of Turkey is a country located in Southwest Asia with a small part of its territory (3%) in southeastern Europe. ... The Iraqi Turkmen Front (Turkmen: Irak Türkmen Cephesi) is a political movement founded in 1995 which seeks to represent the Turkmen people of Iraq. ... Official languages: Kurdish and Arabic Capital: Erbil Prime Minister: Nechervan Idris Barzani Area about 80 000 km² Population  - Total (2005):  - Density: perhaps 5,750,000 40/km² Currency: Iraqi dinar Time zone: UTC+3 National anthem: Ey Reqîb The Kurdish Autonomous Region is a political entity established in 1970 following...


According to Zaman Daily Newspaper, some ten Turkmen individuals have been elected to the National Assembly of Iraq, including 5 elected on the United Iraqi Alliance list, 3 from the Iraqi Turkmen Front, and 2 from the Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan. [4] (http://www.zaman.com/?bl=columnists&alt=&trh=20050220&hn=16703) Iraqi police officers hold up their index fingers marked with purple indelible ink, a security measure to prevent double voting. ... The Iraqi National Assembly is the unicameral parliament of Iraq which meets in the Iraqi capital, Baghdad. ... The United Iraqi Alliance is one of the electoral coalitions that participated in the January 30, 2005 National Assembly election in Iraq. ... The Iraqi Turkmen Front (Turkmen: Irak Türkmen Cephesi) is a political movement founded in 1995 which seeks to represent the Turkmen people of Iraq. ... The Democratic Patriotic Alliance of Kurdistan is the name of the electoral coalition being presented as a united Kurdish list in the 2005 election in Iraq. ...


See also


  Results from FactBites:
 
Turkmen language - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (286 words)
Turkmen (Latin script: Türkmen, Cyrillic: Түркмен, ISO 639-1: tk, ISO 639-2: tuk) is the name of the national language of Turkmenistan.
Turkmen is in the Turkic family; sometimes grouped in the larger, but disputed Altaic language family.
Officially, Turkmen currently is rendered in the Latin alphabet, but the old "Soviet" Cyrillic alphabet is still in wide use.
Turkmen people - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia (1683 words)
Turkmen is not a literary language in Iran and Afganistan, where many Turkmen tend towards bilingualism, usually conversant in the local dialects of Persian.
The Turkmen were mainly a nomadic people for most of their history and they were not settled in cities and towns until the advent of the Soviet system of government, which severely restricted freedom of movement and collectivized nomadic herdsmen by the 1930s.
In addition, an estimated 1,200 Turkmen refugees from northern Afghanistan currently reside in Turkmenistan due to the ravages of the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and factional fighting in Afghanistan which saw the rise and fall of the Taliban.
  More results at FactBites »


 

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