 First position of the feet turned out In ballet, turnout (also turn-out) is a rotation of the leg which comes from the hips, causing the knee and foot to turn outward, away from the center of the body. This rotation allows for greater extension of the leg, especially when raising it to the side and rear.[1] Turnout is essential to classical ballet technique and is the basis on which all ballet movement follows.[2] Act 4 of Swan Lake: choreography by Petipa and Nureyev, music by Tchaikovsky. ...
In human anatomy, the knee is the lower extremity joint connecting the femur and the tibia. ...
For other uses, see Foot (disambiguation). ...
Classical ballet is a dance to classical music. ...
Ballet technique is the method by which ballet steps are performed or taught. ...
Range and nature of turnout Turnout is measured in degrees with the perfect turnout measured at 180°. The angle measured is that between the feet when the heels are touching in first position. It should be noted that perfect turnout is never attainable immediately and one should not attempt movements while overextending one's turnout.[3] A degree (in full, a degree of arc, arc degree, or arcdegree), usually symbolized °, is a measurement of plane angle, representing 1ï¼360 of a full rotation. ...
Look up Heel in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...
The extent to which an individual can rotate their legs is largely predetermined.[4] The degree of turnout attainable is determined by the shape of the femoral neck and the angle at which the femoral head is inserted into the hip socket, the orientation of the hip socket, the elasticity of the iliofemoral ligament, and the flexibility of the hip and thigh muscles.[5] However, the structure of the bone may be influenced by ballet exercises before a certain period of bone development attained around the age of eleven.[4] Image File history File links Gray339. ...
Image File history File links Gray339. ...
The iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament; ligament of Bigelow) is a band of great strength which lies in front of the hip joint; it is intimately connected with the joint capsule, and serves to strengthen the joint by resisting hyperextension. ...
The femur or thigh bone is the longest, most voluminous, and strongest bone of the human body. ...
In anatomy, the hip is the bony projection of the femur, known as the greater trochanter, and the overlying muscle and fat. ...
The iliofemoral ligament (Y-ligament; ligament of Bigelow) is a band of great strength which lies in front of the hip joint; it is intimately connected with the joint capsule, and serves to strengthen the joint by resisting hyperextension. ...
The action of turning out the leg is more important to ballet movement than the angle that is attained. Even while standing, turnout must be maintained through an active rotation with the muscles that extends from the hip to the foot.
Developing turnout Beginning dancers should not attempt 180° turnout immediately, but instead must build up the strength and flexibility required. Forcing turnout in the feet will distort the position of the entire body and often results in injury, especially to the knee. An angle of 100° will work the muscles in the hip and thigh without causing the knees to rotate inwards (and the ankles to "roll over").[3]
References Notes - ^ Grieg (1994), p. 55.
- ^ Grieg (1994), p. 50.
- ^ a b Kirstein, Stuart (1952), p. 26.
- ^ a b Grieg (1994), p. 52.
- ^ Grieg (1994), pp. 51-52.
Sources - Grieg, Valerie (1994). Inside Ballet Technique: separating anatomical fact from fiction in the ballet class. Hightstown, NJ: Princeton Book Publishers, Company. ISBN 0-87127-191-5.
- Kirstein, Lincoln; Stuart, Muriel (1952). The Classic Ballet. New York: Alfred A Knopf.
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