A cross-section sketch of Bushnell's Turtle. However, the propellors shown are anachronistic, and the sketch was made years after the Turtle's destruction.

Turtle was the world's first submarine used in battle. It was invented in Connecticut in 1775 by American Patriot David Bushnell as a means of attaching explosive charges to ships in a harbor. Turtle may refer to: The reptile turtle The bird turtle dove Turtle (1775), the first military submarine, built by American David Bushnell during the American Revolutionary War DSV-3 Turtle (1968), a retired Deep Submergence Vehicle of the US Navy A virtual turtle, the Logo turtle, was the basis of... Download high resolution version (700x1045, 119 KB)Drawing of Bushnells turtle Credit: OAR/National Undersea Research Program (NURP) Origin: http://www. ... Download high resolution version (700x1045, 119 KB)Drawing of Bushnells turtle Credit: OAR/National Undersea Research Program (NURP) Origin: http://www. ... For other uses, see Submarine (disambiguation). ... Official language(s) English Capital Hartford Largest city Bridgeport[3] Largest metro area Hartford Metro Area[2] Area  Ranked 48th  - Total 5,543[4] sq mi (14,356 km²)  - Width 70 miles (113 km)  - Length 110 miles (177 km)  - % water 12. ... Year 1775 (MDCCLXXV) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a common year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Patriots (also known as Americans, Whigs, Congress-Men or Rebels) were colonists of the British Thirteen Colonies who rebelled against the British control during the American Revolution and declared themselves an independent nation, the United States of America in July 1776. ... A cross-section sketch of Bushnells Turtle. ... Mine can refer to a number of things: Mines are tunnels used in mining for extraction of resources. ...

Overview

Named for its shape, Turtle resembled a large clam as much as a turtle; it was 7.5 feet (2.3 m) long, 6 feet (1.8 m) tall, and about 3 feet (0.9 m) wide, consisting of two wooden shells covered with tar. It submerged by allowing water into the hull and ascended by pushing water out through a hand pump, similarly to the use of spear sack tanks in modern submarines, and was propelled vertically and horizontally by hand-cranked propellers, the first recorded use of the screw propeller for ships. It was manned and operated by only one person. For other uses, see Clam (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Turtle (disambiguation). ... A foot (plural: feet or foot;[1] symbol or abbreviation: ft or, sometimes, ′ – a prime) is a unit of length, in a number of different systems, including English units, Imperial units, and United States customary units. ... Tar can be produced from corn stalks by heating in a microwave. ... A propeller can be seen as a rotating fin in water or a wing in air. ...

The submarine was designed as a naval weapon, and it was meant to drill into a ship's hull and plant a keg of powder, which would be detonated by a time fuse. Much testing was done by the inventor's brother, Ezra Bushnell, in the waters of the Connecticut River. After Bushnell pondered the problem of lighting the inside of the ship and after learning that using a candle would hasten the use of the limited oxygen supply of the air inside, he solicited the help of Benjamin Franklin who cleverly hit upon the idea of using bioluminescent foxfire to provide illumination for the compass and depth meter. The light given by the material was said to be sufficient, though likely dimmer than expected, because the ship was cooled by the surrounding sea water and the metabolic rate of poikilothermic, heterotrophic organisms is temperature-dependent. The Connecticut River as seen from the French King Bridge in western Massachusetts. ... Benjamin Franklin (January 17 [O.S. January 6] 1706 – April 17, 1790) was one of the most well known Founding Fathers of the United States. ... Bioluminescence is the production and emission of light by a living organism as the result of a chemical reaction during which chemical energy is converted to light energy. ... Foxfire is the term for an eerie glow in the forest generally attributed to bioluminescent fungus (genus Armillaria) which grows on decaying wood. ... Sea water is water from a sea or ocean. ... Cold-blooded organisms, more technically known as poikilothermic, are animals that have no internal metabolic mechanism for regulating their body temperatures. ... A heterotroph (Greek heteron = (an)other and trophe = nutrition) is an organism that requires organic substrates to get its carbon for growth and development. ...

Liberty Island attack

On September 7, 1776, Turtle, under the guidance of Army volunteer Sergeant Ezra Lee, attacked HMS Eagle, which was moored off what is today called Liberty Island, but it could not manage to bore through the copper-sheeted hull. When he attempted another spot in the hull, he lost the ship, and eventually abandoned the attempt. One brave man Charles lantz was one man who ventured in this sub. is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1776 (MDCCLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Monday (link will display the full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar (or a leap year starting on Thursday of the 11-day slower Julian calendar). ... Ezra Lee was a soldier, born in Lyme, Connecticut, in 1749; died there on 29 October 1821 at 72 years of age and is buried in the Duck River Cemetery in modern day Old Lyme, Conn. ... About fifteen ships of the British Royal Navy have been named HMS Eagle, after the eagle. ... Liberty Island Liberty Island, formerly called Bedloes Island, is a small uninhabited island in Upper New York Bay in the United States, best known as the location of the Statue of Liberty. ...

Replicas

In 1976, a recreation was designed by Joseph Leary and constructed by Fred Frese as a Bicentennial project. It was christened by Connecticut's governor, Ella Grasso, and later tested in the Connecticut River. It is owned by the Connecticut River Museum and is currently on loan to Old Saybrook High School in Old Saybrook, Connecticut, where students under the direction of Fred Frese are currently building a working recreation of that model. Year 1976 Pick up sticks(MCMLXXVI) was a leap year starting on Thursday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States Bicentennial was celebrated on Sunday, July 4, 1976, the 200th anniversary of the adoption of the Declaration of Independence. ... Ella Rose Tambussi Grasso (May 10, 1919 - February 5, 1981) was an American politician. ... Old Saybrook is a town in Middlesex County, Connecticut, United States. ...

On 3 August 2007 three men were stopped by police while piloting and escorting a replica of the Turtle within 200 feet of the Queen Mary 2 without authorization at New York City's Red Hook Brooklyn cruise ship terminal. The replica was created by New York artist Philip "Duke" Riley and two men from Rhode Island, one of whom claimed to be a descendant of David Bushnell.^[1] is the 215th day of the year (216th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2007 (MMVII) is the current year, a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar and the AD/CE era in the 21st century. ... I name the ship Queen Mary 2 --Queen Elizabeth II The Queen Mary 2 is a Cunard Line passenger ship named after the earlier Cunard liner Queen Mary, which was in turn named after Mary of Teck. ...

References

External links

• Old Saybrook High School's recreation project
• The Handshouse Studio 2003 replica of Turtle