Tьвa Arat Respublik People's Republic of Tannu Tuva Satellite state of the Soviet Union ← 1921 – 1944 → Flag Coat of arms Map of Tyva Republic (Tuva), formerly the Tuvinian People's Republic. Capital Kyzyl Language(s) Tuvan, Russian Religion Tibetan Buddhism, Shamanism Government Socialist republic Prime Minister Salchak Toka Historical era Interwar period  - Established August 14, 1921  - Annexed October 11, 1944 Area  - 1990 170,500 km² (65,830 sq mi) Population  - 1990 est. 366,000       Density 2.1 /km²  (5.6 /sq mi) Currency Tuvan akşa

The Tuvinian People's Republic (People's Republic of Tannu Tuva; Tuvan Latin: Tьвa Arat Respublik, Cyrillic: Тыва Арат Республик) (1921–1944) was a state in the territory of the former Tuvan protectorate of Imperial Russia, also known as Uryankhaisky Krai (Урянхайский край). The Tuvinian People's Republic is now formally known as Tyva Republic within the Russian Federation. For the Chinese civilization, see China. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Republic_of_China_1912-1928. ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Image File history File links This is a lossless scalable vector image. ... Tuvan Autonomous Oblast was created 1944-10-11 by annexion of Tuvinian Peoples Republic. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1206x844, 543 KB) Karte von Tannu-Tuwa, einem Teil Russlands Lizenz: Das Bild wurde von Roger Zenner gezeichnet und wurde unter der CC-by-sa veröffentlicht. ... Throughout the world there are many cities that were once national capitals but no longer have that status because the country ceased to exist, the capital was moved, or the capital city was renamed. ... Music-Drama Theatre in Kyzyl Kyzyl (Tuvan and Russian: Кызы́л) is a city in Russia, capital of Tyva Republic. ... Tuvan (Tuvan: Тыва дыл Tyva dyl), also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan, or Tuvin, is one of the Turkic languages. ... Tibetan Buddhism is the body of religious Buddhist doctrine and institutions characteristic of Tibet, the Himalayan region (including northern Nepal, Bhutan, Sikkim and Ladakh), Mongolia, Buryatia, Tuva and Kalmykia (Russia), and northeastern China (Manchuria: Heilongjiang, Jilin). ... A shaman doctor of Kyzyl. ... The term socialist state (or socialist republic, or workers state) can carry one of several different (but related) meanings: Strictly speaking, any real or hypothetical state organized along the principles of socialism may be called a socialist state. ... A prime minister is the most senior minister of a cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. ... Salchak Kolbakkhorekovitsj Toka (Russian: , December 15 [O.S. December 2] 1901 1901–May 11, 1973) was a Tuvan politician. ... Europe between 1929 and 1938. ... The Establishment is a generalized, mostly negative term used in Western societies to refer to the controlling (elite) structures of those societies. ... is the 226th day of the year (227th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Annexation is the legal merging of some territory into another body. ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... This is a list of the countries of the world sorted by area. ... Population density by country, 2006 Population density is a measurement of population per unit area or unit volume. ... The akÅŸa was the currency of Tuva between 1934 and 1944. ... Tuvan (Tuvan: Тыва дыл Tyva dyl), also known as Tuvinian, Tyvan, or Tuvin, is one of the Turkic languages. ... For other uses, see Latin (disambiguation). ... The Cyrillic alphabet (or azbuka, from the old name of the first two letters) is an alphabet used for several East and South Slavic languages; (Belarusian, Bulgarian, Macedonian, Russian, Rusyn, Serbian, and Ukrainian) and many other languages of the former Soviet Union, Asia and Eastern Europe. ... Tyva Republic IPA: (Russian: IPA: ; Tuvan: ), or Tuva (), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... This article is about states protected and/or dominated by a foreign power. ... The subject of this article was previously also known as Russia. ... Tyva Republic IPA: (Russian: IPA: ; Tuvan: ), or Tuva (), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ...

History

Following the Russian Revolution of 1917, Communist troops took Tuva in January 1920. The chaos accompanying this era allowed the Tuvans to again proclaim their independence. On 14 August 1921 the Bolsheviks (supported by Russia) established a Tuvinian People's Republic, called Tannu Tuva until 1926. The capital Belotsarsk (Белоцарск) was eventually renamed to Kyzyl (‘Red’, in Turkic languages; Russian transliteration: 'Кызыл'). A treaty between the Soviet Union and the Mongolian People's Republic in 1926 affirmed the country’s independence. No other countries formally recognized it. This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... is the 226th day of the year (227th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1921 (MCMXXI) was a common year starting on Saturday (link will display the full calendar). ... Bolshevik Party Meeting. ... Music-Drama Theatre in Kyzyl Kyzyl (Tuvan and Russian: Кызы́л) is a city in Russia, capital of Tyva Republic. ... The Turkic languages constitute a language family of some thirty languages, spoken across a vast area from Eastern Europe and the Mediterranean to Siberia and Western China, and are traditionally considered to be part of the proposed Altaic language family. ... The Peoples Repubic of Mongolia was a communist state in central Asia which existed between 1924 and 1990. ...

Tuva’s first Prime Minister was Donduk Kuular. Kuular made Buddhism the state religion and tried to limit settlers and propaganda coming from Russia. He also tried to establish ties with Mongolia. Russia became increasingly alarmed by these initiatives and in 1929 Prime Minister Kuular was arrested and later executed. In Russia meanwhile (in 1930) five members of the KUTV (Communist University of the Toilers of the East) the same group that executed Kuular, were appointed commissars extraordinary for Tuva. Staunchly loyal to Joseph Stalin's government, they purged the Tuvan Communist Party of about a third of its members and pushed collectivisation in the traditionally nomadic country. The new government set about trying to destroy Buddhism and shamanism in Tuva, a policy encouraged by Stalin. Evidence of the success of these actions can be seen in the decline in the numbers of Lamas in the country: in 1929 there were 25 Lamasaries and about 4,000 Lamas and Shamans; in 1931 there was just one Lamasery, 15 Lamas and approximately 725 shamans. The attempts at eradicating nomadism were more difficult. A census in 1931 showed that 82.2 % of Tuvans still engaged in nomadism. Salchak Toka, one of the commissars extraordinary mentioned above, was made General Secretary of the Tuvan People’s Revolutionary Party in 1932. He would stay in power in Tuva until his death in 1973. This article does not cite any references or sources. ... A silhouette of a Buddha statue at Ayutthaya, Thailand. ... The Communist University of the Toilers of the East or KUTV (Russian: Коммунистический университет трудящихся Востока or КУТВ; also known as the Far East University) was established April 21, 1921 in Moscow by the Communist International (Comintern) as a training college for communist cadres in the colonial world. ... Josef Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili (Georgian: , Ioseb Besarionis Dze Jughashvili; Russian: , Iosif Vissarionovich Dzhugashvili) (December 18 [O.S. December 6] 1878[1] – March 5, 1953), better known by his adopted name, Joseph Stalin (alternatively transliterated Josef Stalin), was General Secretary of the Communist Party of the Soviet Unions Central Committee from... Collective farming is an organizational unit in agriculture in which peasants are not paid wages, but rather receive a share of the farms net output. ... Salchak Kolbakkhorekovitsj Toka (Russian: , December 15 [O.S. December 2] 1901 1901–May 11, 1973) was a Tuvan politician. ...

Tuva entered World War II with the Allies on 25 June 1941, three days after the USSR. On 11 October 1944, with the approval of Tuva’s Little Khural (parliament), Tuva was included into the USSR as Tuvan Autonomous Oblast, although there was no Tuva-wide vote on the question. Toka was given the title of First Secretary of the Tuvan Communist Party. Tuva was an autonomous republic (Tuva ASSR within the Russian SFSR) from 10 October 1961 until 1992. Combatants Allied powers: China France Great Britain Soviet Union United States and others Axis powers: Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Chiang Kai-shek Charles de Gaulle Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tōjō Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead: 33,000... is the 176th day of the year (177th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... For the movie, see 1941 (film). ... is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... Tuvan Autonomous Oblast was created 1944-10-11 by annexion of Tuvinian Peoples Republic. ... A significant number of autonomous republics can be found within the successor states of the Soviet Union, but the majority are located within Russia. ... The Tuva Republic (Tuvan: Тыва Республика; Russian: ) is a federal subject of the Russian Federation (a republic). ... State motto: Russian: Пролетарии всех стран, соединяйтесь! Translation: Workers of the world, unite! Capital Moscow Official language Russian Established In the USSR:  - Since  - Until November 7, 1917 November 7, 1917 December 12, 1991 (dissolution) Area  - Total  - Water (%) Ranked 1st in the USSR 17,075,200 km² 13% Population  - Total   - Density Ranked 1st in the... is the 283rd day of the year (284th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1961 (MCMLXI) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display full calendar) of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The Tuvinian People's Republic is now formally known as Tyva Republic within the Russian Federation. While there have been talks about restoration of the sovereignty of Tuva (which is formally possible), they have had no impact to date. This has been due to various reasons, including the heavy national dependence on the Russian economy and the Russification of the population (although over 75% are ethnic Tuvinians). Tyva Republic IPA: (Russian: IPA: ; Tuvan: ), or Tuva (), is a federal subject of Russia (a republic). ... Russification is an adoption of the Russian language or some other Russian attribute (whether voluntarily or not) by non-Russian communities. ... Tuvans (or Tuvinians) is a group of Turkic people, make up about two thirds of the population of Tuva. ...

See also

Flag of the Tuvinian People's Republic, November 24, 1926 – June 28, 1930.	2 kopeck stamp from 1927.

• Tannu Uriankhai
• Tuvan akşa – the national currency
• Mongolian People's Republic