The Twelve Apostles (Ἀπόστολος, apostolos) were men who, according to the Synoptic Gospels and Christian tradition, were chosen from among the disciples (students) of Jesus for a mission. According to the Bauer lexicon, Walter Bauer's Greek-English Lexicon of the NT: "...Judaism had an office known as apostle (שליח)". In Islam, the Qur'an called The Twelve Apostles "الحواريون" which derives from the Hebrew word for a pharisaical college "friends".^{[citation needed]} The Twelve Apostles can refer to: The first 12 followers of Jesus Twelve Apostles of Ireland, 12 Irish saints of the early Celtic Church Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, the Apostles in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints The Twelve Apostles, Victoria, a coastal formation in Australia... In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, gospels Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so similar that they are called the synoptic gospels (from Greek, συν, syn, together, and οψις, opsis, seeing). ... For other uses, see Christian (disambiguation). ... In Christianity, the disciples were the students of Jesus during his ministry. ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ... Please wikify (format) this article or section as suggested in the Guide to layout and the Manual of Style. ... Walter Bauer (1877 - 17 November 1960) was a scholar of the development of the early Christian churches. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The Qur’ān [1] (Arabic: , literally the recitation; also sometimes transliterated as Quran, Koran, or Al-Quran) is the central religious text of Islam. ...

The Gospel of Mark states that Jesus initially sent out these twelve in pairs (Mark 6:7-13, cf. Matthew 10:5-42,Luke 9:1-6), to towns in Galilee. Literal readings of the text state that their initial instructions were to heal the sick and drive out demons, and in the Gospel of Matthew to raise the dead, but some scholars read this more metaphorically as instructions to heal the spiritually sick and thus to drive away wicked behaviour. They are also instructed to: "take nothing for their journey, except a mere staff — no bread, no bag, no money in their belt — but to wear sandals; and He added, "Do not put on two tunics." (NASB), and that if any town rejects them they ought to shake the dust off their feet as they leave, a gesture which some scholars think was meant as a contemptuous threat (Miller 26). Their carrying of just a staff (Matthew and Luke say not even a staff) is sometimes given as the reason for the use by Christian Bishops of a staff of office, in those denominations that believe they maintain an apostolic succession. The Gospel of Mark, anonymous[1] but traditionally ascribed to Mark the Evangelist, is a synoptic gospel of the New Testament. ... For other uses, see Galilee (disambiguation). ... Faith healing is the use of supernatural or spiritual intervention to cure disease. ... Saint Francis exorcised demons in Arezzo, fresco of Giotto Exorcism (from Late Latin exorcismus, from Greek exorkizein - to adjure, correctly pronounced exercism) is the practice of evicting demons or other evil spiritual entities from a person or place which they are believed to have possessed (taken control of). ... The Gospel of Matthew (literally, according to Matthew; Greek, Κατά Μαθθαίον or Κατά Ματθαίον, Kata Maththaion or Kata Matthaion) is a synoptic gospel in the New Testament, one of four canonical gospels. ... Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam all variously describe a resurrection of the dead, usually a resurrection of all people to face God on Judgment Day. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... The New American Standard Bible (NASB) is an English translation of the Bible. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... Crosiere of arcbishop Heinrich of Finstingen, 1260-1286 A crosier (crozier, pastoral staff) is the stylized staff of office carried by high-ranking Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Anglican and some Lutheran prelates. ... In Christianity, the doctrine of Apostolic Succession (or the belief that the Church is apostolic) maintains that the Christian Church today is the spiritual successor to the original body of believers in Christ, composed of the Apostles. ...

Later in the Gospel narratives the Twelve Apostles are described as having been commissioned to preach the Gospel to the world, regardless of whether Jew or Gentile. Although the Apostles are portrayed as having been Galilean Jews, and 10 of their names are Aramaic, the other 4 names are Greek^[1], suggesting a more metropolitan background. That the Twelve Apostles and others closest to Jesus were all Jewish Christians is clearly implied by Jesus’ statement that his mission is directed only to those of the house of Israel (Matthew 15:24) and by the fact that only after the death of Jesus did the apostles agree with Paul that the teaching of the gospel could be extended to uncircumcised Gentiles (Acts 15:1-31, Galatians 2:7-9, Acts 1:4-8, Acts 10:1-11:18). In Christian tradition, the Great Commission is the instruction of the resurrected Jesus Christ to his disciples, that they spread the faith to all the world. ... Gospel, from the Old English good tidings is a calque of Greek () used in the New Testament (see Etymology below). ... The word gentile is an anglicised version of the Latin word gentilis, meaning of or belonging to a clan or tribe. ... For other uses, see Galilee (disambiguation). ... Most scholars believe that Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, with some Hebrew and Greek, although there is some debate in academia as to what degree. ... For other uses, see Metropolis (disambiguation). ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... This article is about Circumcision in the Bible. ...

The Twelve Apostles

According to the list occurring in each of the Synoptic Gospels (Mark 3:13-19, Matthew 10:1-4, Luke 6:12-16), the Twelve chosen by Jesus near the beginning of his ministry, those whom also He named Apostles, were: In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, gospels Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so similar that they are called the synoptic gospels (from Greek, συν, syn, together, and οψις, opsis, seeing). ... This article is about Jesus of Nazareth. ...

1. Simon: called Peter (Grk. petros, petra; Aram. kēf; Engl. rock) by Jesus, also known as Simon bar Jonah and Simon bar Jochanan (Aram.) and earlier (Pauline Epistles were written first) Cephas (Aram.) by Paul of Tarsus and Simon Peter, a fisherman from Bethsaida "of Galilee" (John 1:44; cf. 12:21)
2. Andrew: brother of Peter, a Bethsaida fisherman and disciple of John the Baptist, and also the First-Called Apostle
3. James and
4. John: sons of Zebedee, called by Jesus Boanerges (an Aramaic name explained in Mk 3:17 as "Sons of Thunder")
5. Philip: from Bethsaida "of Galilee" (John 1:44, 12:21)
6. Bartholomew: in Aramaic "bar-Talemai?", "son of Talemai" or from Ptolemais, sometimes identified with the Nathanael of John 1:45-1:51.
7. Thomas: also known as Judas Thomas Didymus - Aramaic T'oma' = twin, and Greek Didymous = twin
8. James, son of Alphaeus: commonly identified with James the Less. Sometimes also identified with James the Just^[2]
9. Matthew: the tax collector, some identify with Levi son of Alphaeus
10. Simon the Canaanite: called in Luke and Acts "Simon the Zealot", some identify with Simeon of Jerusalem, which others dispute on the grounds that Simeon was described at the time of Jesus' birth some thirty years before, as an old man not far from death. ^[3]
11. Judas Iscariot: the name Iscariot may refer to the Judaean towns of Kerioth or to the sicarii (Jewish nationalist insurrectionists), or to Issachar. Also referred to (e.g. at John 6:71 and 13:26) as "Judas, the son of Simon". He was replaced as an apostle in Acts by Matthias.
12. The identity of the other apostle of the twelve, traditionally called St. Jude, varies between the Synoptic Gospels and also between ancient manuscripts of each gospel: Mark names him as Thaddaeus; Different manuscripts of Matthew identify him as either Thaddeus or Lebbaeus (some later Latin manuscripts name him "Judas the Zealot", but this is regarded as an unlikely reading); Luke names him as Judas, son of James (translated in the KJV as: "Judas the brother of James" Luke 6:16).

The Gospel of John, unlike the Synoptic Gospels, does not offer a formal list of apostles, but does refer to the Twelve in 6:67, 6:70, and 6:71. The following ten apostles are identified by name: “St Peter” redirects here. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Most scholars believe that Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, with some Hebrew and Greek, although there is some debate in academia as to what degree. ... Paul of Tarsus (b. ... Bethsaida (beth-sā´i-da; Βηθσαΐδά, BeÌ„thsaidá, “house of fishing”) // Bethsaida Julias A city east of the Jordan River, in a “desert place” (that is, uncultivated ground used for grazing) at which Jesus miraculously fed the multitude with five loaves and two fishes (Mark 6:32; Luke 9:10). ... Saint Andrew (Greek: Ανδρέας, Andreas), called in the Orthodox tradition Protocletos, or the First-called, is a Christian Apostle and the elder brother of Saint Peter. ... St. ... Saint James, son of Zebedee (d. ... John the Apostle (Greek Ιωάννης, see names of John) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. ... Zebedee (zibhdi, the gift of God; Zebedaios) is a name used in several contexts: In the Bible, Zebedee was a Hebrew fisherman, the husband of Salome, and the father of James and John, two of the Apostles of Jesus Zebedee was a character in the popular BBC childrens programme... Most scholars believe that Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, with some Hebrew and Greek, although there is some debate in academia as to what degree. ... For other uses, see Saint Philip. ... “Bartholomew” redirects here. ... For other uses, see Bartholomew (disambiguation). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      St... Most scholars believe that Jesus primarily spoke Aramaic, with some Hebrew and Greek, although there is some debate in academia as to what degree. ... James, son of Alphaeus was one of the Twelve Apostles. ... James the Less is a figure of early Christianity. ... Saint James the Just (יעקב Holder of the heel; supplanter; Standard Hebrew YaÊ¿aqov, Tiberian Hebrew Yaʿăqōḇ, Greek Iάκωβος), also called James Adelphotheos, James, 1st Bishop of Jerusalem, or James, the Brother of the Lord[1] and sometimes identified with James the Less, (died AD 62) was an important figure... Matthew the Evangelist (מתי, Gift of the LORD, Standard Hebrew and Tiberian Hebrew: Mattay; Septuagint Greek: Ματθαίος, Matthaios), most often called Saint Matthew, is an important Christian figure, and one of Jesus Twelve Apostles. ... In the New Testament, Cleophas is the single English rendering of two men, who are in the Greek originalsCleopas, an abbreviated form of Cleopatros, a commonplace Hellenistic name meaning son of a renowned father, and the other Clopas. Cleopas was one of the two disciples to whom the risen... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The apostle... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Zealotry. ... Simeon of Jerusalem, son of Cleophas was the leader of the church of Jerusalem, sometimes called the Jewish Christians, and according to most Christian traditions the second Bishop of Jerusalem. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      For other... Sicarii (Latin plural of Sicarius dagger- or later contract- killer) is a term applied, in the decades immediately preceding the destruction of Jerusalem in 70 CE, to the Jewish Zealots, (or insurgents) who attempted to expel the Romans and their partisans from Judea: —Josephus, Jewish Antiquities (xx. ... Issachar or Yissachar (יִשָּׂשׁכָר Reward; recompense, Standard Hebrew Yissaḫar, Tiberian Hebrew Yiśśâḵār) was the fifth son of Jacob and his first wife Leah. ... Saint Matthias is the Apostle chosen by the remaining eleven apostles to replace Judas Iscariot, following Judas betrayal of Jesus and suicide (Acts 1:21 - 26). ... For other uses, see Saint Jude (disambiguation). ... For other uses, see Saint Jude (disambiguation). ... Judas the Zealot is a New Testament figure whose identity is not completely clear. ... For other uses, see Saint Jude (disambiguation). ... This page is about the version of the Bible; for the Harvey Danger album, see King James Version (album). ... Jude (alternatively Judas or Judah) is the third of the brothers of Jesus appearing in the New Testament. ... For other uses, see Gospel of John (disambiguation). ...

• Peter
• Andrew (identified as Peter's brother)
• the sons of Zebedee (plural form implies at least two apostles)
• Philip
• Nathanael
• Thomas (also called Didymus (11:16, 20:24, 21:2))
• Judas Iscariot
• Judas (not Iscariot) (14:22)

The individual that the Gospel of John names as Nathanael is traditionally identified as the same person that the Synoptic Gospels call Bartholomew, and most would agree that the sons of Zebedee is likely to be a reference to James the Great and John, while Judas (not Iscariot) probably refers to Thaddaeus, also known as St. Jude. Noticeably missing from the Gospel of John are James, son of Alphaeus, Matthew, and Simon the Canaanite/Zealot. James the Just was, according to the Book of Acts, the leader of the Jerusalem church, and Matthew is noticeably the most Jewish of the Gospels, and it may be the case that the author of John deliberately left out these two figures for a motive opposed to Jewish Christianity. By the second century, the presence of two Simons in the list of the Synoptic Gospels allowed a case to be made for Simon Magus being the other of the Simons, and hence one of the twelve apostles; and it may have been for this reason that John left the other Simon out. The second Simon may also have been Simeon of Jerusalem, the second leader of the Jerusalem church, after James. Look up Nathanael in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For people and places called Saint James, see the diambiguation page. ... James, son of Alphaeus was one of the Twelve Apostles. ... Saint James the Just (יעקב Holder of the heel; supplanter; Standard Hebrew Yaʿaqov, Tiberian Hebrew Yaʿăqōḇ, Greek Iάκωβος), also called James Adelphotheos, James, 1st Bishop of Jerusalem, or James, the Brother of the Lord[1] and sometimes identified with James the Less, (died AD 62) was an important figure... The Acts of the Apostles (Greek Praxeis Apostolon) is a book of the Bible, which now stands fifth in the New Testament. ... The Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the head bishop of the Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, ranking fourth of nine patriarchs in the Eastern Orthodox Church. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Names of John. ... Jewish Christians (sometimes called also Hebrew Christians or Christian Jews, but see below for differences) is a term which can have two meanings, an historical one and a contemporary one. ... For the film, see Simon Magus (film). ... Simeon of Jerusalem, son of Cleophas was the leader of the church of Jerusalem, sometimes called the Jewish Christians, and according to most Christian traditions the second Bishop of Jerusalem. ...

Recruitment

See also: Mark 1#Calling of the four disciples, Mark 2#Calling of Levi, and Mark 3#Choosing of the Twelve Apostles

Duccio's Calling of the Apostles Peter and Andrew

The three Synoptic Gospels record the circumstances in which some of the disciples were recruited, Matthew only describing the recruitment of Simon & Andrew and James & John. All three Synoptic Gospels state that these four were recruited fairly soon after Jesus returned from being tempted by the devil. This article is about the chapter of the Book of Mark. ... Mark 2 is the second chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. ... Mark 3 is the third chapter of the Gospel of Mark in the New Testament of the Christian Bible. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (936x874, 159 KB) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (936x874, 159 KB) The two-dimensional work of art depicted in this image is in the public domain in the United States and in those countries with a copyright term of life of the author plus 100 years. ... Maestà (Madonna with Angels and Saints) (1308-11) Tempera on wood, 214 x 412 cm Museo dellOpera del Duomo, Siena Duccio di Buoninsegna (c. ... In the New Testament of the Christian Bible, gospels Matthew, Mark, and Luke are so similar that they are called the synoptic gospels (from Greek, συν, syn, together, and οψις, opsis, seeing). ... Ary Scheffers The Temptation of Christ In Christianity, the temptation of Christ refers to the temptation of Jesus by the devil as detailed in each of the three Synoptic Gospels, specifically at: Matthew 4:1-11 Mark 1:12-13 Luke 4:1-13 According to these texts, after...

Simon and Andrew are, according to Matthew, the first two Apostles to be appointed, and Matthew identifies them as fishermen. Mark does not identify Simon as also being called Peter until a long time after Simon is introduced in the narrative, but Matthew immediately makes the connection as soon as he is first mentioned. This has the effect of changing the later passage where Jesus names Simon as Peter from one where Jesus bestows the name onto Simon into one where Jesus merely starts using a long held nickname. Both Andrew and Peter are names of Greek origins, which France sees as a reflection on the multicultural nature of Galilee at this time, although evidence exists that Andrew was used by Jews as a name since at least 169 BC in the early period of Hellenic influence. (It is also notable that Peter is identified by Paul in his letters as Cephas, which is the Aramaic equivalent of the Greek Peter, both words meaning "rock"). Simon however is the Greek form of the Hebrew name Shimeon, a common Jewish name found referring to several other individuals in contemporary works such as Josephus as well as in the Old Testament. Categories: Stub ... Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 210s BC 200s BC 190s BC 180s BC 170s BC - 160s BC - 150s BC140s BC 130s BC 120s BC 110s BC Years: 174 BC 173 BC 172 BC 171 BC 170 BC - 169 BC - 168 BC 167 BC 166... A fanciful representation of Flavius Josephus, in an engraving in William Whistons translation of his works Josephus (37 – sometime after 100 CE),[1] who became known, in his capacity as a Roman citizen, as Titus Flavius Josephus,[2] was a 1st-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Note: Judaism...

Despite Jesus only briefly requesting that they join him, the two are described as immediately consenting, and abandoning their nets to do so. Traditionally the immediacy of their consent was viewed as an example of divine power, although this statement isn't made in the text itself. The alternative and much more ordinary solution is that Jesus was simply friends with the individuals beforehand, as implied by the Gospel of John, which states that Andrew and an unnamed other had been a disciple of John the Baptist, and started following Jesus as soon as Jesus had been baptized. As a carpenter (Mark 6:3), it is eminently plausible for Jesus to have been employed to build and repair fishing vessels, thus having many opportunities to interact with and befriend such fishermen. St. ... In the synoptic gospels, Jesus is baptised by John the Baptist. ... Carpenter at work in Tennessee, June 1942. ...

Albright and Mann extrapolate from Simon and Andrew abandonment's of their nets, that Matthew is emphasizing the importance of renunciation by converting to Christianity, since fishing was profitable, though required large start-up costs, and abandoning everything would have been an important sacrifice. Regardless, Simon and Andrew's abandonment of what were effectively their most important worldly possessions was taken as a model by later Christian ascetics. An ascetic is one who practices a renunciation of worldly pursuits to achieve spiritual attainment. ...

Matthew describes Jesus meeting James and John, also fishermen and brothers, very shortly after recruiting Simon and Andrew. While Matthew identifies James and John as sons of Zebedee, who is also present in their ship, Mark makes no such proclamation (Mark does in Mark 1:19). Luke adds to Matthew and Mark that James and John worked as a team with Simon and Andrew. Matthew states that at the time of the encounter, James and John were repairing their nets, but readily joined Jesus without hesitation. This parallels the accounts of Mark and Luke, but Matthew implies that the men have also abandoned their father (since he is present in the ship they abandon behind them), and Carter feels this should be interpreted to mean that Matthew's view of Jesus is one of a figure rejecting the traditional patriarchal structure of society, where the father had command over his children; most scholars, however, just interpret it to mean that Matthew intended these two to be seen as even more devoted than the other pair. Zebedee (zibhdi, the gift of God; Zebedaios) is a name used in several contexts: In the Bible, Zebedee was a Hebrew fisherman, the husband of Salome, and the father of James and John, two of the Apostles of Jesus Zebedee was a character in the popular BBC childrens programme...

The synoptics go on to describe that much later, after Jesus had later begun his ministry, Jesus noticed, while teaching, a tax collector in his booth. The tax collector, Levi according to some Gospels, Matthew according to others, is asked by Jesus to become one of his disciples. Matthew/Levi is stated to have accepted and then invited Jesus for a meal with his friends. Tax collectors were seen as villains in Jewish society, and the Pharisees are described by the synoptics as asking Jesus why he is having a meal with such disreputable people. The reply Jesus gives to this is now well known: it is not the healthy who need a doctor, but the sick. I have not come to call the righteous, but sinners (Mark 2:17). According to the Canonical Gospels, the Ministry of Jesus began when Jesus was around 30 years old, and lasted a period of 1-3 years. ... A tax collector is a person who collects unpaid taxes from other people or corporations. ... Bad guy redirects here. ... For the followers of the Vilna Gaon, see Perushim. ... Righteousness is an important concept in the theology of Judaism and Christianity. ...

Fishers of men

Adriaen van de Venne's Fishers of Men. Oil on panel (1614)

The phrase fishers of men, used both in Mark and Matthew, is how Jesus is presented as describing the role he is offering to the men he recruits. Christians have frequently moved the reference from the disciples to Jesus,^{[citation needed]} calling him the fisher of men, and the image of Jesus as a fisherman^{[citation needed]} has become second only to that of Jesus as a shepherd. This image probably went some way towards the reason for the adoption of the Ichthys symbol as the main representative of Christianity, in early times. This is one of more famous quotes in the New Testament, and it has appeared a number of times in art and culture, such as in literary works like Chaucer's "Summoner's Tale", Byron's Don Juan, Tennyson's Harold, Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man, and G.K. Chesterton's "The Innocence of Father Brown." Download high resolution version (1600x843, 245 KB)Fishers of Men, Oil on panel by Adriaen van de Venne, 1614 Jesus Christ invited his early disciples to forget their nets; I will make you fishers of men, he said. ... Download high resolution version (1600x843, 245 KB)Fishers of Men, Oil on panel by Adriaen van de Venne, 1614 Jesus Christ invited his early disciples to forget their nets; I will make you fishers of men, he said. ... 1614. ... Events April 5 - In Virginia, Native American Pocahontas marries English colonist John Rolfe. ... Shepherd in Făgăraş Mountains, Romania. ... The ichthys has been used to represent a number of ideas. ... Chaucer: Illustration from Cassells History of England, circa 1902 Chanticleer the rooster from an outdoor production of Chanticleer and the Fox at Ashby_de_la_Zouch castle Geoffrey Chaucer (ca. ... The Summoners Tale is one of The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer. ... Byron redirects here. ... Byrons Don Juan (Penguin Classics version) Don Juan is a long narrative poem by Lord Byron, based on the legend of Don Juan. ... Alfred, Lord Tennyson Alfred Tennyson, 1st Baron Tennyson (6 August 1809 – 6 October 1892) was Poet Laureate of the United Kingdom and is one of the most popular English poets. ... This article is about the writer and poet. ... A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man is a semi-autobiographical novel by James Joyce, first serialized in The Egoist from 1914 to 1915 and published in book form in 1916. ... For the town of Chesterton in Cambridgeshire, see Chesterton (Cambridge). ...

The fullness of what the phrase means is a matter of some serious debate, even among different Christian groups. It has a strong resonance amongst Evangelical groups, who view it as a metaphor for evangelism, and the most important such metaphor. It has an even deeper significance for Catholic Christians, who view it not only as a great evangelical call, but also as one of many scripture passages that support the "Primacy of Peter" as a great sign of unity among the Church (Christ's body), and the teaching that the popes throughout the ages are the successors of "The Chair (or office) of Peter", as Christ's prime earthly shepherds through the ages, after his ascension into heaven. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Pope · Archbishop of Canterbury Patriarch of Constantinople Christianity Portal This box:      The word evangelicalism often refers to... Look up evangelist in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

The institution by Jesus of "The Twelve" apostles is also seen by Catholics as a reference to the universality of the Church, that was prefigured (begun) in "The Twelve Tribes of Israel" in the Old Testament. Those successors of "The Twelve" apostles (the bishops), in union with the successors of Peter (the pope), are collectively called the "magisterium of the Church" - the official, authoritative teaching office established by Christ Himself. (For a more complete explanation of exactly what the magisterium officially teaches, see "The Catechism of the Catholic Church", or the more condensed, easier to read, but still authoritative "Compendium of the Catechism".)

The biblical references to "The Twelve" as "fishers of men", especially the image of Peter's sole role of pulling the net full of "153 large fish" onto the shore (where Christ was ironically already feasting! John 21) without tearing the net, when all the apostles present couldn't lift the net into the boat just moments earlier, portray and confirm, among faithful Catholics, the Church's teaching on "papal infallibility" - that Christ's "one, holy, catholic, and apostolic" Church is divinely guided and protected from teaching error, so that all who desire to know his teachings (including His written, inspired word, the bible, but not exclusively, as in the Protestant belief in "Sola Scriptura", the bible alone) may have that opportunity.

Some scholars question whether the metaphor has a universal meaning at all, postulating that instead it is simply a phrase tailored to fit people who fish - that if Jesus had met a teacher he would have asked them to teach for him, if Jesus had seen a bus driver, he'd have asked her to drive a bus for him, and if he had met a soldier he would have asked him to do battle for him.

The exact methodology implied by the phrase is generally disputed, particularly by Evangelical groups. A similar reference to fishing occurs in the Book of Jeremiah (at 16:15), upon which this phrase may be based, and there it is placed in the context of actively hunting down sinners. Wallace argues that the common view of fishing with a line and hook and bringing each fish in individually is misplaced; Simon and Andrew would have used nets to fish and would have brought in large numbers of fish at once through grand acts. Wuellner presents an alternate view arguing that the disciples may have caught fish individually, and even by hand. Manek believes that to fully appreciate the metaphor one must understand how the sea was viewed at the time, arguing that throughout the Old Testament the sea is presented as unholy, and in stories such as that of Jonah, the depths of the sea are portrayed as synonymous with the underworld, hence in Manek's view the act of fishing is a metaphor for bringing people from the domain of sin and death to one of God. The water reference might also be linked to the idea of baptism, which towards the end of Matthew is explicitly linked to the disciples' mission. The Book of Jeremiah, or Jeremiah (יִרְמְיָהוּ YirmÉ™yāhÅ« in Hebrew), is part of the Hebrew Bible, Judaisms Tanakh, and later became a part of Christianitys Old Testament. ... The Prophet Jonah, as depicted by Michelangelo in the Sistine Chapel Jonah (Hebrew: , Standard  Tiberian  ; Arabic: يونس, Yunus or يونان, Yunaan ; Latin Ionas ; Dove) was a prophet in the Hebrew Bible (Tanakh/Old Testament) and Quran who was swallowed by a great fish. ... This article is about the Christian religious act of Baptism. ...

The Apostle to the Gentiles

Paul of Tarsus

Paul, the "Apostle of the Gentiles", writing a letter

In his writings, Saul, later known as Paul, though not one of the Twelve, described himself as an apostle, one "born out of time" (e.g. Romans 1:1 and other letters), claimed he was appointed by the resurrected Jesus himself during his Road to Damascus vision; specifically he referred to himself as the Apostle to the Gentiles (Romans 11:13, Galatians 2:8). He also described some of his companions as apostles (Barnabas, Silas, Apollos, Andronicus and Junia) and even some of his opponents as super-apostles (2nd Corinthians 11:5 and 12:11). As the Catholic Encyclopedia states: "It is at once evident that in a Christian sense, everyone who had received a mission from God, or Christ, to man could be called 'Apostle'"; thus extending the original sense beyond the original Twelve. Since Paul claimed to have received the Gospel through a revelation of Jesus Christ (cf. Gal 1:12; Acts 9:3-19, 26-27, 22:6-21, 26:12-23) after the latter's death and resurrection, (rather than before like the Twelve) , he was often obliged to defend his apostolic authority (1st Corinthians 9:1 "Am I not an apostle?") and proclaim that he had seen and was anointed by Jesus while on the road to Damascus; but James, Peter and John in Jerusalem accepted his apostleship to the Gentiles (specifically those not circumcised) as of equal authority as Peter's to the Jews (specifically those circumcised) according to Paul in Galatians 2:7-9. "James, Peter and John, those reputed to be pillars ... agreed that we <Paul and Barnabas> should go to the Gentiles, and they to the Jews." (Galatians 2:9NIV) Paul, despite his self-designation as an Apostle, considered himself inferior to the other Apostles because he had persecuted Christ's followers (1 Corinthians 15:9). Image File history File links PaulT.jpg File links The following pages link to this file: Paul of Tarsus ... Image File history File links PaulT.jpg File links The following pages link to this file: Paul of Tarsus ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Saul (שאול המלך) (or Shaul) (Hebrew: , Standard  Tiberian  ; asked for) is identified in the Books of Samuel, 1 Chronicles and the Quran as the first king of the ancient Kingdom of Israel. ... Paul of Tarsus (b. ... The Epistle to the Romans is one of the letters of the New Testament canon of the Christian Bible. ... The Road to Damascus is a Biblical reference to the conversion of a persecutor of Christians named Saul on the road from Jerusalem to Damascus in the Roman province of Syria in AD 36. ... Barnabas was an early Christian mentioned in the New Testament. ... Apollos (Απολλως; contracted from Apollonius) was an early Jewish Christian, who is mentioned several times in the New Testament. ... Junia (ιουνιαν) was an apostle of the 1st century, recorded by Paul in the Epistle to the Romans chapter 16 verse 7. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... A Gentile refers to a non-Israelite; the word is derived from the Latin term gens (meaning clan or a group of families) and is often employed in the plural. ... It has been variously proposed that male circumcision began as a religious sacrifice, as a rite of passage marking a boys entrance into adulthood, as a form of sympathetic magic to ensure virility, as a means of suppressing sexual pleasure, as an aid to hygiene where regular bathing was... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ...

Many historians maintain that Paul and Peter certainly disagreed on the extent of Paul's authority as an Apostle, with Peter maintaining Paul was not one of those chosen by Jesus, or by him chosen after his death. See also Pauline Christianity and Jewish Christians. Nevertheless, the Roman Catholic Church and Eastern Orthodox Church consider Paul an Apostle; they honor Paul and Peter together on June 29. Paul sometimes replaces Matthias in classical depictions of "The Twelve Apostles," although he has also been called the "Thirteenth Apostle" because he was not a member of the original Twelve (unlike the replacement Matthias) but is still considered an apostle. Pauline Christianity is an expression which has been used, by those critical of Catholic, Orthodox and traditonal Protestant Christianity, to describe what is regarded as a distortion of the original teachings of Jesus due to the influence of Paul of Tarsus (otherwise St. ... This article needs additional references or sources for verification. ... Catholic Church redirects here. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The... is the 180th day of the year (181st in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ...

Other apostles

Matthias

After Judas Iscariot betrayed Christ and then in guilt committed suicide before Christ's resurrection (in one Gospel account), the apostles numbered eleven. According to Acts 1:16–20, Peter states, "Judas, who was guide to those who took Jesus… For he was numbered with us, and received his portion in this ministry… For it is written in the book of Psalms, 'Let his habitation be made desolate, Let no one dwell therein,' and, 'Let another take his office.'" So between the ascension of Christ and the day of Pentecost, the remaining apostles elected a twelfth apostle by casting lots, a traditional Jewish way to determine the Will of God. The lot fell upon Matthias, who then became the last of the Twelve Apostles in the New Testament. The resurrection of Jesus is an event in the New Testament in which God raised him from the dead[1] after his death by crucifixion. ... For the literature genre, see Acts of the Apostles (genre). ... Also refers to the process of gaining Enlightenment and several meditation techniques. ... The Descent of the Holy Spirit in a 15th century illuminated manuscript. ... Cleromancy, sortilege, casting lots or casting bones is a form of divination in which stuff is thrown randomly on the ground, and the resulting patterns or forms are interpreted to tell the future. ... Saint Matthias is the Apostle chosen by the remaining eleven apostles to replace Judas Iscariot, following Judas betrayal of Jesus and suicide (Acts 1:21 - 26). ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ...

This is one of several verses used by the Roman Catholic church to defend its teaching of Apostolic Succession. In Christianity, the doctrine of Apostolic Succession (or the belief that the Church is apostolic) maintains that the Christian Church today is the spiritual successor to the original body of believers in Christ, composed of the Apostles. ...

Jesus Himself

The writer of the Hebrews (3:1) refers to Jesus as the "apostle and high priest of our professed faith" and of rank greater than that of Moses. The Epistle to the Hebrews (abbreviated Heb. ... Moses with the Tablets, 1659, by Rembrandt This article is about the Biblical figure. ...

Barnabas

In Acts 14:14, the missionary Barnabas is referred to as an apostle. Barnabas was an early Christian mentioned in the New Testament. ...

James the Just

James is usually identified as a brother of Jesus (see James the Just for details). He is not called an apostle in the Gospels, although the Orthodox Church identifies him as first of the Seventy of Luke 10:1-20. Later he is described in Acts as leader of the Jerusalem Church, and he is referred to as an apostle by Paul in Galatians 1:19. Saint James the Just (יעקב Holder of the heel; supplanter; Standard Hebrew Yaʿaqov, Tiberian Hebrew Yaʿăqōḇ, Greek Iάκωβος), also called James Adelphotheos, James, 1st Bishop of Jerusalem, or James, the Brother of the Lord[1] and sometimes identified with James the Less, (died AD 62) was an important figure... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Eastern Christianity. ... The Seventy of the Gospel of Luke 10:1 – 20, though not literally named apostles, were followers that Jesus appointed and sent away (the Greek verb form apostello, not the noun form apostolos). ... The Orthodox Patriarch of Jerusalem is the head bishop of the Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, ranking fourth of nine patriarchs in the Eastern Orthodox Church. ...

Andronicus and Junia

Main article: Junia

In Romans 16:7 Paul states that Andronicus and Junia were "of note among the apostles". Junia (ιουνιαν) was an apostle of the 1st century, recorded by Paul in the Epistle to the Romans chapter 16 verse 7. ...

There are two interesting questions here. First, was Junia female? Second, there is the question of whether the phrase means they were well-known to the apostles, or were apostles themselves. Taken together, these raise the possibility of a female apostle, which may be an example of gender neutrality in the early church.^[4] Christian views of women vary considerably today and have varied even more throughout the last two millennia, evolving along with or counter to the societies in which Christians have lived. ...

For more detail on this issue, see the Junia article. Junia (ιουνιαν) was an apostle of the 1st century, recorded by Paul in the Epistle to the Romans chapter 16 verse 7. ...

Constantine the Great

Main article: Constantine I and Christianity

The Emperor Constantine the Great, sometimes considered founder of the Byzantine Empire, formally recognized Christianity in the Roman Empire in the Edict of Milan in 313. According to Philip Schaff's History of the Christian Church: "Soon after his death, Eusebius set him above the greatest princes of all times; from the fifth century he began to be recognized in the East as a saint; and the Greek and Russian church to this day celebrates his memory under the extravagant title of "Isapostolos," the "Equal of the apostles." The Latin church, on the contrary, has never placed him among the saints, but has been content with naming him "the Great," in remembrance of his services to the cause of Christianity and civilization. Comp the Acta Sact. ad 21 Maii, p. 13 sq. Niebuhr remarks: "When certain oriental writers call Constantine `equal to the Apostles,’ they do not know what they are saying; and to speak of him as a ’saint’ is a profanation of the word." The relationship between Constantine I and Christianity entails both the nature of the conversion of the emperor to Christianity, and his relations with the Christian Church. ... Constantine. ... Byzantine redirects here. ... The Edict of Milan was a letter that proclaimed religious toleration in the Roman Empire. ... Philip Schaff (January 1, 1819-1893), was a Swiss-born, German-educated theologian and a historian of the Christian church, who, after his education, lived and taught in the United States. ... An equal-to-the-apostles (Greek: ισαποστολος, isapostolos) is a special title given to some canonized Saints in Eastern Orthodoxy. ... Acta Sanctorum (Acts of the Saints) is an encyclopedic text in 68 folio volumes of documents examining the lives of Christian saints, in essence a critical hagiography, which is organised according to each saints feast day. ...

In the Russian Orthodox Church, saints prince Vladimir and princess Olga of Kiev, as well as saints Cyrill and Methodius in both the Greek and Russian Orthodox Churches, are also called "equal to the Apostles".

Twelve Apostles of Christ in the Book of Mormon

According to the Book of Mormon, shortly after his resurrection, Jesus visited a group of people living in the Americas, and chose twelve men to support his church in that region. These men were not called "apostles" in the text, but rather "disciples," as there were already apostles in Jerusalem. Although separated geographically from the Apostles, these New World disciples were nonetheless considered subordinate to the Old World apostles (at least in a spiritual sense, if not, for practical reasons, administratively, see 1 Nephi, 12:8-10). The disciples in the Book of Mormon had the responsibility of caring for the Church in the Americas. Their names, according to 3 Nephi, chapter 19 verse 4, were Nephi, Timothy, Jonas, Mathoni, Mathonihah, Kumen, Kumenonhi, Jeremiah, Shemnon, Jonas, Zedekiah, and Isaiah. According to the book, nine of the twelve died of old age, with three (an unidentified subset of the twelve, who would become to be known as "the Three Nephites") remained on the Earth, as did John the Revelator, without "tasting death," to await the Second Coming of Jesus. That is, they were translated from mortal to a state of immortality. However, when Jesus comes again, they will be changed yet again, becoming immortal without dying. The Book of Mormon[1] is one of the sacred texts of the Latter Day Saint movement. ... Look up Resurrection in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... The Book of Mormon[1] is one of the sacred texts of the Latter Day Saint movement. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... The Three Nephites are three Nephite disciples of Jesus described in the Book of Mormon who were blessed by Jesus to never taste of death; but ye shall live to behold all the doings of the Father unto the children of men, even until all things shall be fulfilled according... John the Apostle (Greek Ιωάννης, see names of John) was one of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. ... For other uses, see Second Coming (disambiguation). ... Among members of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, translation refers to being physically changed by God from a mortal human being to an immortal human being. ...

Unity School of Christianity/The Twelve Powers of Man

The Unity Church associates each Apostle with a power, as per Charles Fillmore's The Twelve Powers of Man. They are Love (John), Enthusiasm or Zeal (Simon the Canaanite), Imagination (Nathanael Bartholomew), Faith (Simon Peter), Strength (Andrew), Power (Philip), Will (Matthew), Understanding (Thomas Didymus), Wisdom (James, son of Zebedee), Order (James, son of Alphaeus), Life (Judas Iscariot/Matthias), and Elimination or Renunciation (Judas Thaddaeus). Most of these are based on the Biblical and historical character of the Apostles, such as Simon's zealotry, Peter's attempt to walk on water when the others would not get out of the boat, Andrew's strength of character when facing execution, or Judas's desire to improve others' lot in life through charity. Sam Patrick and Omar Garrison's Jesus Loved Them: Living Portraits of People Who Knew Jesus, published by Prentice-Hall in 1957, explains the twelve-power connections with the disciples along with full-page paintings of each of them, and others in Jesus's life. Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      Unity... The name Charles Fillmore may refer to: Charles Fillmore, one of the founders of the Unity Church Charles J. Fillmore, linguist, (co-)inventor of Case Theory and Construction Grammar Charles Fillmore, a Canadian politician (Liberal) This is a disambiguation page: a list of articles associated with the same title. ... The Twelve Powers of Man (often now called simply The Twelve Powers for the sake of gender neutrality) is a basic concept in the Unity Church. ... For other uses, see Love (disambiguation). ... Enthusiasm (Greek: enthousiasmos) originally meant inspiration or possession by a divine afflatus or by the presence of a God. ... Zeal is a volunteer-built web directory, first appearing in 1999, and then acquired by LookSmart in October 2000 for $20 million. ... Imagination is accepted as the innate ability and process to invent partial or complete personal realms within the mind from elements derived from sense perceptions of the shared world. ... For other uses, see Faith (disambiguation). ... Four Cardinal Virtues of the Catholic Church doing bad to. ... // For the racing driver, see Will Power. ... Look up understanding in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... For the apocryphal book of the Bible, see Book of Wisdom. ... // Order may refer to: Religious Holy Orders, the rite or sacrament in which clergy are ordained The monastic orders, originating with Anthony the Great and Benedict of Nursia from circa 300 the military orders of the crusades the various chivalric orders established since the 14th century Honors Order (decoration) Legal... For other uses, see Life (disambiguation). ... Elimination is a residence hall game where every player is both the hunter and the hunted. ... Nekkhamma (Renunciation) is one of the ten paramis or perfections that a bodhisattva must develop in order to become a Buddha. ... Allegorical personification of Charity as a mother with three infants by Anthony van Dyck // The word charity entered the English language through the O.Fr word charite which was derived from the Latin caritas.[1] In Christian theology charity, or love (agapÄ“), is the greatest of the three theological virtues... Prentice Hall is a leading educational publisher. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (link displays the 1957 Gregorian calendar). ...

Apostles today

In the Roman Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, and Anglican churches, bishops are seen as the successors to the Apostles. See Apostolic succession. The Roman Catholic Church, most often spoken of simply as the Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with over one billion members. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations Ecumenism · Relation to other religions Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas Luther · Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      The... This box:      Anglicanism most commonly refers to the beliefs and practices of the Anglican Communion, a world-wide affiliation of Christian Churches, most of which have historical connections with the Church of England. ... In Christianity, the doctrine of Apostolic Succession (or the belief that the Church is apostolic) maintains that the Christian Church today is the spiritual successor to the original body of believers in Christ, composed of the Apostles. ...

Many Charismatic churches consider apostleship to be a gift of the Holy Spirit still given today (based on 1 Corinthians 12:28, and Ephesians 4:11). The gift is associated with church leadership, governing, delegation and church planting. "The Apostolic Spirit continues in generational blessing to the church and the nations with diversity of apostles in various realms and dimensions of grace and glory. Male and female created HE them...These include Kelley Varner, Jana Alcorn, Noel Woodroffe, Bill Hamon, Alan Vincent, Myles Munroe, Mark Hanby, Barbara Wentroble, Antoine Hawkins, Kevin Conner, Ivory Hopkins, Don Atkin, Turnel Nelson, Kimberly Daniels, Nelson Negi, Richard Wright, Dick Iverson, Jonathan David, Jonas Clark, Paula Price, Chuck Pierce, John Eckhardt, Brian Keith Williams, Jim Hodges, Cindye Coates, David & Emanuel Cannistraci, Jefferson Edwards, Rick Joyner, C. Peter Wagner {International Coalition of Apostles}, Stephen Everett, Renny Mcclean, Naomi Dowdy, Harold Calvin Ray, Mickey Medina, Ed Silvoso, Lance Wallnau, Tudor Bismarck, Derek Brown, Ian Chellan, Robert Munien, Cindy Jacobs, The Late Apostle Adrienne Hawthorn, George Fluitt, Bret Wade {Also, check out "Apostles Today"}, T.L. Osborne, Diana Clark, Rony Chavez, Alton Hyde, C. Peter Wagner, Carroll Johnson Jr., Lynn Hiles, Rick Joyner, Jessie Knox, Dan Juster, Israel DeJesus, Terry Crist, Margret Idahosa, John Tetsola, Mark Chironna, Greg Manalli, Robin Blue, Mel Bailey, David Cho, Che Ahn, Bernie Wade, Pam Vinnett, Jim Becton, Michael Scantlebury, Kluane Spake, George Bakalov, Rick Daniels, David Hoskins, Peter Landrau, Kingsley Fletcher, The Late Apostle Rinaldo Texidor, John Kelly, and more…" ^[5] The charismatic movement began with the adoption of certain Pentecostal beliefs—specifically what are known as the biblical charisms of Christianity: speaking in tongues, prophesying, etc. ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      In mainstream... (Redirected from 1 Corinthians) See also: Second Epistle to the Corinthians and Third Epistle to the Corinthians The First Epistle to the Corinthians is a book of the Bible in the New Testament. ...

The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints ("LDS Church"; see also Mormon) believes that the authority of the original twelve apostles is a distinguishing characteristic of the true church established by Jesus. For this reason, it ordains Apostles as members of its Quorum of the Twelve Apostles, second in authority to the church's First Presidency which is led by the senior Apostle similar to Peter leading the twelve disciples. For other uses, see Church of Jesus Christ of Latter Day Saints (disambiguation). ... This article is about the history and use of the word Mormon. For information about the religious beliefs and culture of Mormons, see Mormonism. ... This is the current Mormon collaboration of the month! Please help improve it to meet the ideal article standard. ... The current Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in the LDS Church. ... In the Latter Day Saint movement, the First Presidency (or the Quorum of the Presidency of the Church) was the highest governing body in the Latter Day Saint church established by Joseph Smith, Jr. ...

The Community of Christ also has apostles, forming the Council of Twelve, who preside over the missionary efforts of the Church. In terms of church government, they are second only in authority to the First Presidency, whose members are often former members of the Council of Twelve (but this is not a requirement). The current president of the Church, Stephen M. Veazey, was himself a member of the Council of Twelve (and in fact its president), just prior to becoming President of the Church. According to church law, the Council of Twelve Apostles, under specific circumstances, is equal in authority to the First Presidency. RLDS redirects here. ...

The New Apostolic Church believes also in the current existence of modern day apostles. They believe in the return of the apostles in the 1830s in England by prophecies. From among the renewal movements in the 1800s see: Catholic Apostolic Church; from which the New Apostolic Church split off. Other examples include the United Apostolic Church. This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... For other uses, see England (disambiguation). ... This article refers to the topic of prophecy as the purported telling of future events or supernatural revelations. ... The Catholic Apostolic Church is the title belonging to the entire community of Christians (cf Catholic). ... The member churches of the United Apostolic Church (de:Vereinigung Apostolischer Gemeinden, nl:Vereniging van Apostolische Gemeenten) are independent communities in the tradition of the catholic-apostolic revival movement which started in the beginning of the 19th century from England and Scotland. ...

Later Christianizing apostles

A number of successful pioneering missionaries are known as Apostles. In this sense, in the traditional list below, the apostle first brought Christianity (or Arianism in the case of Ulfilas and the Goths) to a land. Or it may apply to the truly influential Christianizer, such as Patrick's mission to Ireland, where a few struggling Christian communities did already exist. The reader will soon think of more of the culture heroes. For other uses, see Missionary (disambiguation). ... Topics in Christianity Movements · Denominations · Other religions Ecumenism · Preaching · Prayer Music · Liturgy · Calendar Symbols · Art · Criticism Important figures Apostle Paul · Church Fathers Constantine · Athanasius · Augustine Anselm · Aquinas · Palamas · Luther Calvin · Wesley Arius · Marcion of Sinope Archbishop of Canterbury · Catholic Pope Coptic Pope · Ecumenical Patriarch Christianity Portal This box:      This article... St Francis Xavier converting the Paravas: a 19th-century image of the docile heathen The historical phenomenon of Christianization, the conversion of individuals to Christianity or the conversion of entire peoples at once, also includes the practice of converting pagan practices, pagan religious imagery, pagan sites and the pagan calendar... A culture hero is a historical or mythological hero who changes the world through invention or discovery. ...

• Apostle to the Abyssinians: Saint Frumentius
• Apostle to the Caucasian Albania: Saint Yelisey came from Jerusalem in I century AD
• Apostle of the Alleghanies: Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin, 1770–1840
• Apostle to the Americas: Saint Innocent, 1797–1879
• Apostle of Andalusia: Juan de Avila, 1500–1569
• Apostle of the Ardennes: Saint Hubert, 656–727
• Apostle to the Armenians: Saint Gregory the Illuminator, 256–331
• Apostle to Berkshire: Thomas Russell
• Apostle to Brazil: José de Anchieta, 1533–1597
• Apostle to Karantania: Bishop Virgilius of Salzburg (745–84)
• Apostle to the Cherokees: Cephas Washburn
• Apostle to China: Hudson Taylor
• Apostle to the English: Saint Augustine, died 604
• Apostle to the Franks: Saint Denis (3rd century)
• Apostle to the Franks: Saint Remigius, ca 437–533
• Apostle to the Frisians: Saint Willibrord, 657–738
• Apostle to the Gauls: Saint Irenaeus, 130–200
• Apostle to the Gauls: Saint Martin of Tours, 338–401
• Apostle to the Georgians: Saint Nino, 320s
• Apostle to the Gentiles: Saint Paul
• Apostle to the Germans: Saint Boniface, 680–755
• Apostle to the Goths: Bishop Ulfilas
• Apostle to Hungary: Saint Anastasius, 954–1044
• Apostle to India: Saint Thomas;died around 72 AD
• Apostle to India: Saint Francis Xavier; 1506–1552
• Apostle to India (Protestant): William Carey
• Apostle to the "Indians" (Amerindians): John Eliot, 1604–1690
• Apostle to the Indies (West): Bartolomé de las Casas, 1474–1566
• Apostle to the Indies (East): Saint Francis Xavier, 1506–1552
• Apostle to Ireland: Saint Patrick, 373–463
• Apostle to the Iroquois, Francois Piquet, 1708–1781
• Apostle to Noricum: Saint Severinus
• Apostle to the North: Saint Ansgar, 801–864
• Apostle to the Parthians: Saint Thomas
• Apostle of the Permians: Saint Stephen of Perm, 1340–1396
• Apostle of Peru: Alonzo de Barcena, 1528–1598
• Apostle to the Picts: Saint Ninian, 5th century
• Apostle to the Polish: Saint Adalbert
• Apostle to the Pomeranians: Saint Otto of Bamberg, 1060–1139
• Apostle to the Scots: Saint Columba, 521–597
• Apostle to the Slavs: Saint Cyril, c 820–869
• Apostle to the Slavs: Saint Methodius
• Apostle of Spains: James the Great (d. 44)
• Apostle of Mercy: Saint Faustina Kowalska, 1905–1938

Some Eastern Orthodox saints are given the title specific to the Eastern rites "equal-to-the-apostles", see isapostolos Cosmas of Aetolia. The myrrh-bearing women, who went to anoint Christ's body and first learned of his resurrection, are sometimes called the "apostles to the apostles" because they were sent by Jesus to tell the apostles of his resurrection. Frumentius (Geez ፍሬምንጦስ /freminÅ¥os/) (died ca. ... Ancient countries of Caucasus: Armenia, Iberia, Colchis and Albania Caucasian Albania (or Aghbania) was an ancient kingdom that covered what is now southern Dagestan and most of present-day Azerbaijan. ... Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin (1770-1840) Demetrius Augustine Gallitzin (1770-1840), was a Roman Catholic priest, called The Apostle of the Alleghenies, born at The Hague on December 22, 1770. ... World map showing the Americas CIA political map of the Americas The Americas are the lands of the Western hemisphere or New World, consisting of the continents of North America[1] and South America with their associated islands and regions. ... Saint Innocent of Alaska (August 26, 1797, Irkutsk province, Russia - March 31, 1879) was a Russian Orthodox priest, bishop, archbishop and Metropolitan of Moscow and all Russia. ... Saint John of Avila (in Spanish Juan de Ávila, Apostle of Andalusia) (b. ... Saint Hubertus or Hubert (born circa 656 to 658, probably in Toulouse; died May 30, 727 or 728 in Tervuren near Brussels, Belgium), called the Apostle of the Ardennes was the first Bishop of Liège. ... Saint Gregory the Illuminator or Saint Gregory the Enlightener (Armenian: translit. ... José de Anchieta (1534-1597) was a Spanish Jesuit missionary in Brazil, South America, in the second half of the 16th century. ... Coat of arms of the Dukes of Styria, crowned with the ducal hat, today state coat The Duchy of Styria (German: Herzogtum Steiermark, Slovenian Å tajerska) was a duchy of the Holy Roman Empire until its dissolution in 1806, and a crownland of Austria-Hungary until its dissolution in 1918. ... This article is about the capital of the Austrian state of Salzburg. ... Cephas Washburn Cephas Washburn (1793-1860) was a noted Christian missionary and educator who worked with the Indians of northwest Arkansas and eastern Oklahoma. ... Hudson & Maria Taylor in 1865 James Hudson Taylor 戴德生 (May 21, 1832 – June 3, 1905), was a British Protestant Christian missionary to China, and founder of the China Inland Mission (CIM) (now OMF International) who served there for 51 years, bringing over 800 missionaries to the country and directly resulting in... Augustine of Canterbury (birth unknown, died May 26, 604) was the first Archbishop of Canterbury, sent to Ethelbert of Kent, Bretwalda (ruler) of England by Pope Gregory the Great in 597. ... Saint Denis, also known as Denise, Dionysius, or Dennis is a Christian saint, bishop of Paris, martyr, and a patron saint of France. ... Saint Remigius (French Saint Remi or Saint Rémy), Bishop of Reims, Apostle of the Franks, (ca 437– January 13, 533) effected the conversion to Christianity of Clovis, King of the Franks, at Christmas, 496, one of the turning points in the success of Trinitarian Christianity and a climacteric moment... Saint Willibrord (c. ... Irenaeus (Greek: Εἰρηναῖος), (b. ... Saint Martin of Tours (Latin: Martinus), (316/317 – November 11, 397 in Candes) was a bishop of Tours whose shrine became a famous stopping-point for pilgrims on the road to Santiago de Compostela. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Paul of Tarsus (b. ... For the Roman general of this name, see Bonifacius. ... Representation of Ulfilas surrounded by the Gothic alphabet Ulfilas or Wulfila (perhaps meaning little wolf) (c. ... Look up Anastasius in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jude Thomas. ... Saint Francis Xavier (Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa; Spanish: San Francisco Javier; Portuguese: São Francisco Xavier; Chinese: 聖方濟各沙勿略) (7 April 1506 - 2 December 1552) was a Spanish pioneering Roman Catholic Christian missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order). ... Bartolomé de las Casas This article is about a Spanish priest in the 16th century. ... Saint Francis Xavier (Basque: San Frantzisko Xabierkoa; Spanish: San Francisco Javier; Portuguese: São Francisco Xavier; Chinese: 聖方濟各沙勿略) (7 April 1506 - 2 December 1552) was a Spanish pioneering Roman Catholic Christian missionary and co-founder of the Society of Jesus (Jesuit Order). ... For information about the holiday, see: Saint Patricks Day Saint Patrick (Latin: [2], Irish: Naomh Pádraig) was a Christian missionary and is the patron saint of Ireland along with Brigid of Kildare and Columba. ... Noricum in ancient geography was a celtic kingdom in Austria and later a province of the Roman Empire. ... Severinus can refer to: Petrus Severinus, the Latin name of 17th century Swedish anatomist Peder Soerenson Pope Severinus Saint Severinus, apostle to Noricum Saint Severinus to whom the Abbey of St Severinus in Gatinais was dedicated Saint Severinus mentioned with Saint Juliana, possibly a martyr in Italy in the Diocletian... For the city in Iowa, see St. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged with Jude Thomas. ... Saint Stephen on his way to Moscow, a medieval Russian illumination. ... Alonzo de Barcena (also called de Barzana) was a Spanish Jesuit missionary and linguist. ... == Headline text == Ninian refers to a variety of different people and locations: Saint Ninian (c. ... Adalbert of Magdeburg ( d. ... Otto (Otto I. of Bamberg) was born about 1060 into a noble family in Mistelbach, Swabia. ... See Columba (disambiguation) and St Columb for other uses. ... Cyril Dharmawardana Look up Cyril in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Saint Methodius (Greek: Μεθόδιος; Church Slavonic Мефодии) (b. ... For people and places called Saint James, see the diambiguation page. ... For alternate uses, see Number 44. ... Missing image Saint Faustina Saint Faustina, of the Sisters of Our Lady of Mercy in Poland (August 25, 1905 - October 5, 1938), born Maria Helena Kowalska, is perhaps best known for her promotion of the devotion to the Divine Mercy, and her inspired painting of the same name. ... For other uses, see Saint (disambiguation). ... An equal-to-the-apostles is a special title given to some canonized Saints in Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Rite churches as an outstanding recognition of their service in spreading and assertion of Christianity comparable to that of the original apostles. ... An equal-to-the-apostles is a special title given to some canonized Saints in Eastern Orthodox and Eastern Rite churches as an outstanding recognition of their service in spreading and assertion of Christianity comparable to that of the original apostles. ... Cosmas of Aetolia (sometimes Kosmas of Aetolia or Cosmas/Kosmas the Aetolian) (Greek: Κόσμας Αιτολος/Kosmas Aitolos), (1714 - 1779) was a monk in the Greek Orthodox Church. ... Eastern Orthodox icon of Mary Magdalene as a Myrrhbearer The term Myrrhbearers (Greek: Μυροθόραε, Myrophorae; Slavonic: Святых Жен Мироносиц) refers to the women who came to the tomb of Christ early in the morning and were the first witnesses of the Resurrection of Jesus. ...

Greek etymology

The word apostle comes from the Greek word ἀπόστολος (apostolos). The Friberg Greek Lexicon gives a broad definition as one who is sent on a mission, a commissioned representative of a congregation, a messenger for God, a person who has the special task of founding and establishing churches. The UBS Greek Dictionary also describes an apostle broadly as a messenger. The Louw-Nida Lexicon gives a very narrow definition of a special messenger, generally restricted to the immediate followers of Jesus, or extended to some others like Paul or other Early Christians active in proclaiming the Gospel. The Early Christians is a term used to refer to the early followers of Jesus of Nazareth, before the emergence of established Christian orthodoxy. ...

In summary then, the word apostle has two meanings, the broader meaning of a messenger and the narrow meaning of an early apostle, which is restricted to those directly linked to Jesus Christ. The more general meaning of the word is translated into Latin as 'missio', and from this word we get the English word 'missionary'.

In more recent times however, the word apostle has mostly fallen out of use in the general sense. In some parts of the church the world and among certain groups, it is urged that the word apostle should only be used to refer to The Twelve Apostles and Paul, or only those and certain other historic figures. In these settings it can cause great offence to refer to oneself or another modern figure as an apostle; terms which avoid controversy include 'missionary', 'envoy', 'delegate', 'messenger' and 'church planter'.

Some churches which use the word apostle for modern men recognize this dilemma and so call contemporary church leaders apostles with a small "a" reserving the capital "A" for the 12 Apostles.

See also

• Apostolic Fathers
• Apostolic succession
• New Apostolic Church
• Disciple
• New Testament
• The Pentecostal Mission
• Seventy Disciples
• Great Commission
• Apostolic Council
• Apostle (Latter Day Saints)
• List of Members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles (Latter-day Saint)

The Apostolic Fathers were a small collection of Christian authors who lived and wrote in the late 1st century and early 2nd century who are acknowledged as leaders in the early church, but whose writings were not included in the collection of Christian scripture, the New Testament Biblical canon, at... In Christianity, the doctrine of Apostolic Succession (or the belief that the Church is apostolic) maintains that the Christian Church today is the spiritual successor to the original body of believers in Christ, composed of the Apostles. ... This article or section does not cite any references or sources. ... In Christianity, the disciples were the students of Jesus during his ministry. ... This article is about the Christian scriptures. ... This article is about The Pentecostal Mission (20th century) in Sri Lanka. ... The Seventy Disciples or Seventy-two Disciples were early followers of Jesus mentioned in the Gospel of Luke . ... In Christian tradition, the Great Commission is the instruction of the resurrected Jesus Christ to his disciples, that they spread the faith to all the world. ... This article is about the 1st century Council of Jerusalem in Christianity. ... In Mormonism, an Apostle is a special witness of the name of Christ who is sent to teach the principles of salvation to others. ... This is a list of members of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. ...

References

• Navarre RSV Holy Bible. Four Courts Press, Dublin, Ireland, 1999.
• Albright, W.F. and C.S. Mann. "Matthew." The Anchor Bible Series. New York: Doubleday & Company, 1971.
• Carson, D.A. "The Limits of Functional Equivalence in Bible Translation - and other Limits Too." The Challenge of Bible Translation: Communicating God's Word to the World. edited by Glen G Scorgie, Mark L. Strauss, Steven M. Voth.
• Carter, Warren. "Matthew 4:18-22 and Matthean Discipleship: An Audience-Oriented Perspective." Catholic Bible Quarterly. Vol. 59. No. 1. 1997.
• Clarke, Howard W. The Gospel of Matthew and its Readers: A Historical Introduction to the First Gospel. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2003.
• "Fishers of Men." A Dictionary of Biblical Tradition in English Literature. David Lyle Jeffrey, general editor. Grand Rapids: W.B. Eerdmans, 1992.
• France, R.T. The Gospel According to Matthew: an Introduction and Commentary. Leicester: Inter-Varsity, 1985.
• Manek, Jindrich. "Fishers of Men." Novum Testamentum. 1958 pg. 138
• Schweizer, Eduard. The Good News According to Matthew. Atlanta: John Knox Press, 1975
• Wuellner, Wilhelm H. The Meaning of "Fishers of Men". Westminster Press, 1967.

1. ^ The 4 Greek names are Andrew, Philip, Thaddaeus and Lebbaeus. Reference: John P. Meier's A Marginal Jew
2. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: The Brethern of the Lord: "His [James the brother of the Lord] identity with James the Less (Mark 15:40) and the Apostle James, the son of Alpheus (Matthew 10:3; Mark 3:18), although contested by many Protestant critics, may also be considered as certain."
3. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: The Brethren of the Lord: "Some identify him [Symeon of Jerusalem] with the Apostle Simon the Cananean (Matthew 10:4; Mark 3:18) or the Zealot (Luke 6:15; Acts 1:13)."
4. ^ (See Crossan, J. D. and Reed, J. L., In Search of Paul, HarperSanFrancisco, 2004, pp 115-116, ISBN 0-06-051457-4.)
5. ^ http://www.cupbearer.com/html/apos10dim.htm The Cupbearer. A Present Truth Ministry. L. Campbell Evans.

William Foxwell Albright (May 24, 1891 - September 19/20, 1971) was an evangelical Methodist archaelogist, biblical authority, linguist and expert on ceramics. ... The Anchor Bible Series is a scholarly and commercial co-venture that has been setting a high standard since the early 1960s, when individual volumes of the series began publication. ... Eduard Schweizer was a Swiss New Testament scholar who taught at the University of Zurich for an extended period. ... John Paul Meier is a prominent Biblical scholar and Catholic priest. ... John Paul Meier is a prominent Biblical scholar and Catholic priest. ...

External links

• Catholic Encyclopedia: Apostles
• Jewish Encyclopedia: Apostle and Apostleship
• Apostles.com: Biographies of Christ's Apostles
• Fishing in first century Judea
• The fishing economy in Galilee
• OrthodoxWiki: Apostle
• Apostle in the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
• Schaff-Herzog Encyclopedia of Religious Knowledge: Apostle
• Liddell & Scott
• Strong's G652

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