The Type 093 (NATO reporting name: Shang) is a nuclear powered attack submarine class deployed by the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. These boats are expected to replace the older Type 091 (NATO: Han class) SSNs currently in service. The Type 093 will be armed with various torpedoes and anti-ship missiles. Image File history File links No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ... Image File history File links Naval_Ensign_of_the_People's_Republic_of_China. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The 4,500/5,500-ton Type 091 (US Department of Defense designation Han-class) was the first nuclear-powered submarine (SSN) class deployed by the Peoples Liberation Army Navy. ... NATO reporting names are unclassified code names for Soviet and Chinese military equipment. ... Remnants of advanced, stratified societies dating back to the Shang period have been found in the Yellow River Valley. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The 4,500/5,500-ton Type 091 (US Department of Defense designation Han-class) was the first nuclear-powered submarine (SSN) class deployed by the Peoples Liberation Army Navy. ... Han Dynasty in 87 BC Capital Changan (202 BC–9 AD) Luoyang (25 AD–190 AD) Language(s) Chinese Religion Taoism, Confucianism Government Monarchy History  - Establishment 206 BC  - Battle of Gaixia; Han rule of China begins 202 BC  - Interruption of Han rule 9 - 24  - Abdication to Cao Wei 220...

The lead boat in this class was launched in 2002. It is thought to have a seven-blade asymmetric propeller. Construction of the Type 093 submarines is being conducted at the Bohai Shipyard in Huludao. Six to eight boats are expected to be built. Symmetry is a characteristic of geometrical shapes, equations and other objects; we say that such an object is symmetric with respect to a given operation if this operation, when applied to the object, does not appear to change it. ... For other uses, see Propeller (disambiguation). ...

Program

China’s new generation nuclear submarine program can be dated back to the early 1980s, when the PLA Navy issued the requirement for a new nuclear attack submarine (SSN) as the successor to its first-generation Type 091 (NATO codename: Han class) nuclear attack submarine. The submarine development programme, codenamed Type 093, was officially approved by the PLA leaders in July 1983. However, the development programme only made very limited progress in its early stage due to enormous technical difficulties, especially the nuclear reactor and onboard weapon systems.

The original Type 093 design was inferior to existing Western and Soviet nuclear submarines even before its blueprint could be finished. As a result, the submarine design team had to give up the original design to meet the revised requirements from the PLA Navy. Development was suspended until the mid-1990s, when St. Petersburg-based Rubin Central Design Bureau for Marine Engineering began to assist the Chinese design team in the Type 093 development. Russian involvement in the programme has played an important role in reviving the Type 093 project, which finally commenced construction in the late 1990s. Exactly how much help the Chinese design team received from Rubin Design Bureau is unknown, but could have included assistance in some critical areas such as overall hull design, engine and machinery quieting, combat system design, and weapon system and countermeasures outfit.

The revised Type 093 design was speculated to be heavily influenced by Russian designs with general performance comparable to that of Russian Victor-III class SSNs originally introduced in the late 1970s by the Soviet navy. However, recently released photos have put this theory in doubt as the type 093 does not seem to be influenced by the Victor design. The U.S. Navy intelligence and Pentagon predicted that the PLA Navy would have around 3~4 Type 093 submarines by 2010, other sources suggested that eventual production could reach 6 to 8 units. The exact number to be built may well depend on the results of the ongoing sea trial for the first hull, which has been carried out at the PLA Navy’s Huludao submarine base since 2003. The Victor class is the general NATO classification for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1967. ...

Design

The Type 093 is estimated to be roughly 8000t displacement when dived. Contrary to popular claims that the 093 would be heavily influenced by the Soviet Victor-III class design, recently released photos of the Type 093 SSN show that it is outwardly similar to western SSNs such as the British Trafalgar class and the US Los Angeles class submarines.^{[citation needed]} The Type 093 is estimated to be 110m long with a beam of 11m and can dive to a maximum depth of 400m. It is estimated to have a noise level of 110db and have an endurance of 80 days. The Victor class is the general NATO classification for a type of nuclear-powered submarine that was originally put into service by the Soviet Union around 1967. ... The Trafalgar class submarines were, until the introduction of the Astute class, the Royal Navys most advanced nuclear fleet submarines (SSNs). ... The Los Angeles-class attack submarines (SSN) are the most numerous class of nuclear powered submarines built by any nation, and form the bulk of the U.S. attack submarine force as of 2007. ...

Weapons

The Type 093 is expected to be armed with 6-8 533mm and/or 650mm torpedo tubes that will launch Russian or indigenous wire-, acoustic, and wave-homing torpedoes as well as anti-ship and land attack cruise missiles. This could include the sub launched version of YJ-83 anti-ship missile. Currently YJ-83 is not believed to be nuclear tipped. Nuclear deterrence missions are delegated to the 092 Xia class and 094 Jin class SSBN. The Chinese Daqingyu (Xia) class is Chinas first reported SSBN, and the first ballistic missile-carrying, nuclear-powered submarine class (SSBN) designed and built in Asia. ... The Type 094 (NATO reporting name: Jin-class; Chinese: 晋级潜艇) is a new class of ballistic missile submarine developed by the Peoples Liberation Army Navy. ...

References

• GlobalSecurity.org [1]
• Sinodefence page on the Type 093[2]
• China emerges as a maritime power JANE'S INTELLIGENCE REVIEW - OCTOBER 01, 2004
• China's future nuclear submarine force: insights from Chinese writings Naval War College Review, winter 2007 [3]