The Type 96 is the latest variant of China's second-generation main battle tank (MBT). Based on the Type 85-III design, the Type 96 entered service with the People's Liberation Army (PLA) in 1997. As of 2005, an estimated 1,500 Type 96 tanks are currently in service with the PLA [1]. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1280x819, 186 KB) Template:License I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Military vehicles are commonly armoured to withstand the impact of shrapnel, bullets or shells, protecting the soldiers inside from enemy fire. ... coaxial cable In geometry, coaxial means that two or more forms share a common axis; it is the three-dimensional linear analog of concentric. Coaxial cable, as a common example, has a wire conductor in the center (D) a circumferential outer conductor (B) and an insulating medium called the dielectric... A machine gun is a fully-automatic firearm that is capable of firing bullets in rapid succession. ... This article is about the fuel. ... A torsion spring is a ribbon, bar, or coil that reacts against twisting motion. ... The Al-Khalid or MBT 2000 (Type 90-IIM) is a modern main battle tank developed by China and manufactured by Pakistan. ... This article is about the tank. ... Arjun is a Main Battle Tank developed by DRDO (Defence Research and Development) for the Indian Army. ... The British FV4034 Challenger 2 is an advanced new generation main battle tank (MBT) currently in service with the armies of the United Kingdom and Oman. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... K2 Black Panther (formerly known as KNMBT, or Korean New Main Battle Tank and XK2, or eXperimental K2) (Hangul: 차기전차 K2 흑표) is the Republic of Koreas recently revealed prototype for a next-generation main battle tank. ... The gunners position, looking down from the turret roof. ... The Leopard 2 is a German main battle tank built by the German company Krauss-Maffei-Wegmann, developed in the early 1970s and first entering service in 1979, replacing the earlier Leopard 1 as the foremost MBT in the Bundeswehr. ... The M1 Abrams is a military tank produced in the United States. ... The M-2001 MBT was presented by Yugoipmort SDPR for the first time in 2004 but under the designation M-84AB1, later an improved version of the tank was given to what is today the M-2001. ... The General Dynamics 120S (M60-2000) is an upgrade of the M60 Patton tank. ... M-95 Degman is a prototype Croatian main battle tank, developed in the factory Đuro Đaković specijalna vozila d. ... // The Merkava (Hebrew:  , Chariot) is the main battle tank of the Israel Defense Forces. ... The PT-91 Twardy (translated PT-91 Twardy, meaning Tough) is a Polish main battle tank. ... The M60A1 Sabra tank upgrade program is designed to upgrade 170 Turkish M60A1 (A3?) MBT. The Israeli Military Industries (IMI) is upgrading the M60A1 with a new 120-mm smoothbore gun, Elbit Systems electric gun and turret drive stabilization system with a new fire control system, and a new IMI... The T-84 Main Battle Tank is a Ukrainian development of the Soviet T-80 main battle tank, first built in 1994 and entered service in the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 1999. ... This article is about the Russian tank. ... The TR-85 is a Romanian main battle tank that is a drastically modified version of the Soviet T-55 with a new turret, a new T-block powerpack (similar to the one used in the Leopard 1) based on a license-built V8 German diesel engine, and a completely... The Type 10 50 mm grenade discharger was a Japanese smoothbore, muzzle loaded weapon used during the Second world war. ... The Type 90(Japanese: きゅうまるしき せんしゃ Kanji: 90式戦車) is the current main battle tank (MBT) of the Japan Ground Self-Defense Force (JGSDF). ... For other uses, see Type 99 (disambiguation). ... Born as the brainchild of brigadier general Mir-Younes Masoumzadeh, deputy ground force commander for research and self-sufficiency jihad of the armed forces, the Iranian Zulfiqar [Zolfaqar] main battle tank is believed to be pieced together or developed from major components of the Russian T-72 and American M48... The US M1A1 Abrams tank is a typical modern main battle tank. ... Peoples Liberation Army redirects here. ...

Generally speaking, PLA's tank development can be divided into three generations. The first generation is a copy of the Soviet T-54A and its derivatives, produced in China as the Type 59 and Type 69/79. The second-generation main battle tank started with the Type 80, which further branched into the Type 88 and Type 96, developed in parallel by different institutes but all funded by China North Industries Corporation (NORINCO). The third-generation started with the developmental Type 98, to be heavily modified to yield the latest Type 99 tank. Soviet redirects here. ... The T-54 and T-55 tank series was the Soviet Unions front-line main battle tank from 1947 until 1962, and remains in service throughout the world to this day, especially by former client states of the Soviet Union. ... The Chinese Type 59 Main Battle Tank is a copy of the ubiquitous Russian T-55/54 medium tank. ... The Chinese Type 69 and Type 79 main battle tanks were developments of the Type 59, which in turn was a copy of the Soviet T-54A tank. ... The Type 96 is the latest variant of Chinas second-generation main battle tank (MBT). ... The China North Industries Corporation (Chinese: ; pinyin: ; literally North Industries), official English name Norinco, manufactures vehicles (trucks, cars and motorcycles), machinery, optical-electronic products, oil field equipment, chemicals, light industrial products, explosives and blast materials, civil and military firearms and ammunition, etc. ... For other uses, see Type 99 (disambiguation). ...

History

After the Sino-Soviet split in the 1960s, relations between China and the Soviet Union gradually worsened, leading to border clashes in 1969. By the 1970s, over 1.5 million troops from both sides were stationed along the Sino-Soviet border. At the time the best Chinese tanks were copies of Soviet T-54A tanks, which were hopelessly outmatched by new Soviet designs like the T-62, T-64, and T-72. The Sino-Soviet split was a major diplomatic conflict between the Peoples Republic of China (PRC) and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR), beginning in the late 1950s, reaching a peak in 1969 and continuing in various ways until the late 1980s. ... The T-62 Soviet main battle tank is a further development of the T-55. ... The T-64, a Soviet main battle tank, was introduced in the late 1960s. ... The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1971. ...

The People's Liberation Army requested new tanks that could match the Soviets', which led to the development of the Type 69 by 617 Factory (now Inner-Mongolia First Machinery Group Company Ltd), incorporating some technologies from a captured Soviet T-62 tank. [2] However, the Type 69 failed to satisfy PLA requirements and was more of a success in exports (over 2,000 sold) than in domestic use. As a result, new tank development was commenced and a new family of tanks that included many sub-families was developed. The Chinese Type 69 and Type 79 main battle tanks were developments of the Type 59, which in turn was a copy of the Soviet T-54A tank. ... The T-62 Soviet main battle tank is a further development of the T-55. ...

Versions

Type 90

The Type 85 was further developed into the Type 90, but besides a few test vehicles for evaluation, this tank was not adopted by the People's Liberation Army, instead, the tank became the export model for Pakistan which developed the MBT-2000 (Al-Khalid) tank based on the Type 90. This tank was jointly developed by Beijing 201 Institute (China North Vehicle Research Institute) and Inner Mongolia 617 Factory (Inner Mongolia First Machine Group Corporation). Image File history File links ChineseType90Tank1. ... Image File history File links ChineseType90Tank1. ... Also known as the Type 88C, the Type 96 is the final development variant of Chinas second generation main battle tank (MBT), with certain performance approaching the standard of the third generation MBTs. ... MBT 2000, or Al-Khalid, is the newest main battle tank (MBT) of the Pakistan Army. ... Peking redirects here. ...

Type 90

This is the first Chinese tank to incorporate the modular design concept for its armor. The frontal arc of the turret is a modular design so that when more advanced composite armor is developed, it can be readily replace older composite armor.

Type 90-I

This was the export model for the next generation main battle tank for Pakistan. The power plant is the British Perkins Shrewsbury CV12-1200 TCA diesel engine (used in the Challenger 2 tank), and the transmission is the French SESM ESM 500 automatic transmission (used in the Leclerc). However, the project was abandoned due to the arms embargo following the 1998 Pakistani nuclear tests. Perkins Engines, a subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc. ... This article is about the fuel. ... The British FV4034 Challenger 2 is an advanced new generation main battle tank (MBT) currently in service with the armies of the United Kingdom and Oman. ... The gunners position, looking down from the turret roof. ...

Type 90-II

In order to avoid the problem of embargo and reliance on foreign industry, the power plant of the Type 90-I was replaced by the domestic Chinese equivalent. However, the result was disappointing because China had yet to master the technology: although the power plant was somewhat adequate in the humid climate of southern China, its reliability did not meet the standard in northern China's arid conditions and Pakistan's harsh desert climate.

Type 90-IIM

Main article: MBT 2000

To overcome the shortcomings of the powerplant in earlier Type 90 versions, Ukrainian 6TD diesel was chosen. The selection was impressive enough that Pakistan decided to adopt this version as its MBT 2000, and 600 tanks were scheduled to be produced in Pakistan by 2007. MBT 2000, or Al-Khalid, is the newest main battle tank (MBT) of the Pakistan Army. ...

Type 96

Type 96G

In 1995, NORINCO developed the Type 85-III prototype with a 1,000-hp diesel engine and explosive reactive armor (ERA), after finally solving the engine problem. After further improvements, including incorporating expertise gained from the Type 90 such as the modular armor design, this version was accepted by the PLA in 1996, and entered service in 1997 as the Type 96. Production of the Type 88 stopped when the Type 96 became available, and the Type 96 was mass-produced in larger numbers than the Type 88, though sometimes mistakenly referred to as the Type 88C. Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x499, 151 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... Image File history File links Download high-resolution version (1024x499, 151 KB) I, the creator of this work, hereby grant the permission to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1. ... This article or section should include material from Explosive reactive armour Reactive armor or explosive reactive armour (ERA), is a type of armour used primarily on tanks to lessen the damage from explosions caused from missile warheads, exploding shells, grenades, or dropped bombs. ...

In comparison to the Type 85 and Type 88, the Type 96 features a more powerful engine, improved electronics and a western-style turret. Recent photos suggest the Type 96 was heavily modified with add-on armour modules and explosive reactive armour, similar to the Type 99's. Its internal electronic may also upgraded to Type 99 standard. In turn, most bloggers referring this new upgrade as Type 96G. For other uses, see Type 99 (disambiguation). ...

Currently an estimated 2,000 to 2,500 are in service with the People's Liberation Army, and production is likely to continue. Similarly to the Soviet Union's two-tank strategy with the basic T-72 and higher-technology T-64 and T-80, the Type 96 is likely to become the standardized main battle tank in service with the PLA throughout the decade, while the more advanced and expensive Type 99 is reserved for its elite units.^{[citation needed]} The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1971. ... The T-64, a Soviet main battle tank, was introduced in the late 1960s. ... The T-80 is a Soviet/Russian/Ukrainian main battle tank. ...

Operators

•  People's Republic of China - ~2500

Image File history File links Flag_of_the_Peoples_Republic_of_China. ...

See also

Type 59/62 - Type 69/79 - Type 80/85/88 - Type 90/96 - MBT 2000 - Type 98/99 - T-72 - M-84 - M-95 - PT-91 - T-80 - T-84 - T-90 - T-95 The Chinese Type 59 Main Battle Tank is a copy of the ubiquitous Russian T-55/54 medium tank. ... The Chinese Type 69 and Type 79 main battle tanks were developments of the Type 59, which in turn was a copy of the Soviet T-54A tank. ... The Type 88 (also as YW-531H) is a series of medium second-generation main battle tanks (MBTs) from China. ... MBT 2000, or Al-Khalid, is the newest main battle tank (MBT) of the Pakistan Army. ... For other uses, see Type 99 (disambiguation). ... The T-72 is a Soviet-designed main battle tank that entered production in 1971. ... The M-84 is a modern, 3nd generation main battle tank manufactured by Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. ... M-95 Degman is a prototype Croatian main battle tank, developed in the factory Đuro Đaković specijalna vozila d. ... The PT-91 Twardy (translated PT-91 Twardy, meaning Tough) is a Polish main battle tank. ... The T-80 is a Soviet/Russian/Ukrainian main battle tank. ... The T-84 Main Battle Tank is a Ukrainian development of the Soviet T-80 main battle tank, first built in 1994 and entered service in the Ukrainian Armed Forces in 1999. ... This article is about the Russian tank. ... The T-94 or T-95 is a prototype main battle tank, currently in development in the Russian Federation. ...

References

External links

• Type 88C Main Battle Tank: A Photo Essay - China-Defense.com
• Type 80/88 Main Battle Tank - GlobalSecurity.org
• Type 96 Main Battle Tank - GlobalSecurity.org
• Type 88 Main Battle Tank - Chinese Defense Today
• Type 96 Main Battle Tank - Chinese Defence Today
• Type 96 Main Battle Tank - Deagel.com
• Type 96 Main Battle Tank - Modellversium.de
• Type 96 Main Battle Tank - collinsj/msh_chinese
• Type 96 MBT Production Line - Global Defence Forum[[de:Typ 96]