Typha
Typha latifolia
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae Division: Magnoliophyta Class: Liliopsida Order: Poales Family: Typhaceae Juss. Genus: Typha L.
Species
See text Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1133 KB) ro: papură Typha latifolia File links The following pages link to this file: Typha ... Binomial name Typha latifolia Typha latifolia (Bulrush, Common Bulrush, Broadleaf Cattail, Common Cattail, or Cat-o-nine-tails) is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Typha which grows in temperate, subtropical and tropical areas throughout the Northern Hemisphere. ... Scientific classification or biological classification is a method by which biologists group and categorize species of organisms. ... Divisions Green algae land plants (embryophytes) non-vascular embryophytes Hepatophyta - liverworts Anthocerophyta - hornworts Bryophyta - mosses vascular plants (tracheophytes) seedless vascular plants Lycopodiophyta - clubmosses Equisetophyta - horsetails Pteridophyta - true ferns Psilotophyta - whisk ferns Ophioglossophyta - adderstongue ferns seed plants (spermatophytes) †Pteridospermatophyta - seed ferns Pinophyta - conifers Cycadophyta - cycads Ginkgophyta - ginkgo Gnetophyta - gnetae Magnoliophyta... Classes Magnoliopsida - Dicots Liliopsida - Monocots The flowering plants or angiosperms are the most widespread group of land plants. ... Liliopsida is the botanical name for a class. ... families see text Poales is a botanical name at the rank of order. ... Portrait of Antoine-Laurent de Jussieu Antoine Laurent de Jussieu (April 12, 1748 - September 17, 1836) was a French botanist. ... Carl Linnaeus, Latinized as Carolus Linnaeus, also known after his ennoblement as  , (May 23, 1707[1] – January 10, 1778), was a Swedish botanist, physician and zoologist[2] who laid the foundations for the modern scheme of nomenclature. ...

Typha is a genus of about eleven species of monocotyledonous flowering plants in the monogeneric family, Typhaceae. The genus has a largely Northern Hemisphere distribution, but is essentially cosmopolitan. These plants are known as bulrush or bullrush (mainly in British English), cattail or punks (mainly in American English), or in some older British texts or the current guide book Collins Complete British Wildlife as Great Reedmace. For other uses, see Genus (disambiguation). ... The hierarchy of scientific classification. ... Orders Base Monocots: Acorus Alismatales Asparagales Dioscoreales Liliales Pandanales Family Petrosaviaceae Commelinids: Arecales Commelinales Poales Zingiberales Family Dasypogonaceae Monocotyledons or monocots are a group of flowering plants usually ranked as a class and once called the Monocotyledoneae. ... In biology, a monogeneric family is a family level taxon that contains but one genus. ... The Northern Hemisphere is the half of a planets surface (or celestial sphere) that is north of the equator (the word hemisphere literally means half ball). On the Earth, the Northern Hemisphere contains most of the land and about 90% of the human population. ... A cosmopolitan distribution is a term applied to a biological category of living things meaning that this category can be found anywhere around the world. ... British English (BrE, BE, en-GB) is the broad term used to distinguish the forms of the English language used in the United Kingdom from forms used elsewhere in the Anglophone world. ... For other uses, see American English (disambiguation). ...

Typha plants at the edge of a small wetland in Indiana.

Cattails or bulrushes are wetland plants, typically 1 to 7 m tall (T. minima is smaller: 0.5-1 m), with spongy, strap-like leaves and starchy, creeping stems (rhizomes). The leaves are alternate and mostly basal to a simple, jointless stem that eventually bears the flowers. The rhizomes spread horizontally beneath the surface of muddy ground to start new upright growth, and the spread of cattails is an important part of the process of open water bodies being converted to vegetated marshland and eventually dry land. ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (662x889, 222 KB) Typha (cattails) at the edge of a small wetland in Marshall County, Indiana. ... ImageMetadata File history File links Download high resolution version (662x889, 222 KB) Typha (cattails) at the edge of a small wetland in Marshall County, Indiana. ... Marshall County is a county located in the state of Indiana. ... A subtropical wetland in Florida, USA, with an endangered American Crocodile. ... Ginger rhizome A rhizome is, in botany, a usually underground, horizontal stem of a plant that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. ... This article is about marsh, a type of wetland. ...

Typha plants are monoecious, wind-pollinated, and bear unisexual flowers developing in dense, complex spikes. The male flower spike develops at the top of the vertical stem, above the female flower spike (see figure below). The male (staminate) flowers are reduced to a pair of stamens and hairs and wither once the pollen is shed, leaving a short, bare stem portion above the female inflorescence. The dense cluster of female flowers forms a cylindrical spike some 10 to as much as 40 cm long and 1 to 4 cm broad. Seeds are minute (about 0.2 mm long), and attached to a thin hair or stalk, which effects wind dispersal. Typha are often among the first wetland plants to colonize areas of newly exposed wet mud. Plant sexuality deals with the wide variety of sexual reproduction systems found across the plant kingdom. ... Unisexual species are those in which each individual generally shows the characteristics of only one sex, such as animal species which are divisible into male or female or plant species which are divisible into pistillate or staminate. ... This inflorescence of the terrestrial orchid Spathoglottis plicata is a typical raceme. ... Stamens of the Amaryllis with prominent anthers carrying pollen Insects, while collecting nectar, unintentionally transfer pollen from one flower to another, bringing about pollination The stamen (from Latin stamen meaning thread of the warp) is the male organ of a flower. ... SEM image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), prairie hollyhock (Sidalcea malviflora), oriental lily (Lilium auratum), evening primrose (Oenothera fruticosa), and castor bean (Ricinus communis). ... Red clover inflorescence (spike) An inflorescence is a group or cluster of flowers on a branch of a plant. ...

Some classifications include the genus Sparganium (Sparganiaceae) in Typhaceae. Species About 20 species; see text Sparganium (Bur-reed) is a genus of flowering plants, containing about 20 species in temperate regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. ...

Species

• Typha angustifolia - Lesser Bulrush or Narrow Leaf Cattail
• Typha angustifolia x T. latifolia - Hybrid or White Cattail
• Typha domingensis - Southern Cattail
• Typha latifolia - Common Cattail
• Typha laxmannii - Laxman's Bulrush
• Typha minima - Dwarf Bulrush
• Typha orientalis - Raupo
• Typha shuttleworthii - Shuttleworth's Bulrush

The most widespread species is Typha latifolia, extending across the entire temperate Northern Hemisphere. T. angustifolia is nearly as widespread, but does not extend so far north. T. domingensis is a more southerly American species, extending from the U.S. to South America, while T. laxmannii, T. minima and T. shuttleworthii are largely restricted to Asia and parts of southern Europe. Binomial name L. Typha angustifolia (L.), Lesser Bulrush or Narrow Leaf Cattail, is a perennial herbaceous plant of genus Typha. ... Binomial name Typha latifolia Typha latifolia (Bulrush, Common Bulrush, Broadleaf Cattail, Common Cattail, or Cat-o-nine-tails) is a perennial herbaceous plant in the genus Typha which grows in temperate, subtropical and tropical areas throughout the Northern Hemisphere. ... Motto: (Out Of Many, One) (traditional) In God We Trust (1956 to date) Anthem: The Star-Spangled Banner Capital Washington D.C. Largest city New York City None at federal level (English de facto) Government Federal constitutional republic  - President George Walker Bush (R)  - Vice President Dick Cheney (R) Independence from... South America South America is a continent crossed by the equator, with most of its area in the Southern Hemisphere. ... Small Text For other uses, see Asia (disambiguation). ... World map showing the location of Europe. ...

Typha latifolia

Typha plants grow along lake margins and in marshes, often in dense colonies, and are sometimes considered a weed in managed wetlands. The plant's root systems help prevent erosion, and the plants themselves are often home to many insects, birds and amphibians. Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1133 KB) ro: papură Typha latifolia File links The following pages link to this file: Typha ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (1600x1200, 1133 KB) ro: papură Typha latifolia File links The following pages link to this file: Typha ... Severe soil erosion in a wheat field near Washington State University, USA. For erosion as an operation of Mathematical morphology, see Erosion (morphology) Erosion is displacement of solids (soil, mud, rock and other particles) by the agents of ocean currents, wind, water, or ice by downward or down-slope movement... For other uses, see Amphibian (disambiguation). ...

In North America, the native cattails are increasingly being supplanted by the invasive purple loosestrife Lythrum salicaria. Lantana invasion of abandoned citrus plantation; Moshav Sdey Hemed, Israel The term invasive species refers to a subset of introduced species or non-indigenous species that are rapidly expanding outside of their native range. ... Binomial name Lythrum salicaria L. Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lythrum salicaria Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) is a semi-aquatic herbaceous plant belonging to the loosestrife family, Lythraceae, native to the wetlands of Eurasia. ...

Edible uses

Cattail has a wide variety of parts that are edible to humans. The rhizomes are a pleasant, nutritious and energy-rich food source, generally harvested from late Fall to early Spring. These are starchy, but also fibrous, so the starch must be scraped or sucked from the tough fibers. In addition to the rhizomes, cattails have little-known, underground, lateral stems that are quite tasty. In late Spring, the bases of the leaves, while they are young and tender, can be eaten raw or cooked. As the flower spike is developing in early Summer, it can be broken off and eaten, and in mid-Summer, once the flowers are mature, the pollen can be collected and used as a flour supplement or thickener. In botany, a rhizome is a horizontal, usually underground stem of a plant that often sends out roots and shoots from its nodes. ... SEM image of pollen grains from a variety of common plants: sunflower (Helianthus annuus), morning glory (Ipomoea purpurea), prairie hollyhock (Sidalcea malviflora), oriental lily (Lilium auratum), evening primrose (Oenothera fruticosa), and castor bean (Ricinus communis). ...

Stuffing

Typha seeds are very small, embedded in down parachutes, and very effectively wind-dispersed

The disintegrating heads are used by some birds to line their nests. The downy material was also used by Native Americans as tinder for starting fires. Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 2. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Size of this preview: 800 × 533 pixel Image in higher resolution (3456 × 2304 pixel, file size: 2. ... An independent origin and development of writing is counted among the many achievements and innovations of pre-Columbian American cultures. ... From Old English tynder, easily combustible material used for starting a fire. ...

Native American tribes also used cattail down to line moccasins and papoose boards. An Indian name for cattail meant, “fruit for papoose’s bed”. Today some people still use cattail down to stuff clothing items and pillows. Moccasin is a word originating in a Native American language, meaning a shoe made of deerskin or other soft leather. ... Navajo child in cradleboard, Window Rock, Arizona, 1936 A cradle board is a typical North American baby carrier used to keep babies secure and comfortable and at the same time allowing the mothers freedom to work and travel. ...

The down has also been used to fill life vests in the same manner as kapok. It has been suggested that floatation suits be merged into this article or section. ... Binomial name Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn. ...