Super Typhoon Nina was short lived but intense supertyphoon that caused major damage and deaths in China, mainly from the collapse of the Banqiao Dam. Tens or perhaps hundreds of thousands of people died as a result of the resulting floods. The Saffir-Simpson Hurricane Scale is a scale classifying most Western Hemisphere tropical cyclones that exceed the levels of tropical depression and tropical storm and thereby become hurricanes. ... July 30 is the 211th day (212th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 154 days remaining. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... August 6 is the 218th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (219th in leap years), with 147 days remaining. ... 1975 (MCMLXXV) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1975 calendar). ... Miles per hour is a unit of speed, expressing the number of international miles covered per hour. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... The United States dollar is the official currency of the United States. ... The 1975 Pacific typhoon season has no official bounds; it ran year-round in 1975, but most tropical cyclones tend to form in the northwestern Pacific Ocean between June and December. ... The Banqiao Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 板桥水库大坝;; Pinyin: Bǎnqiáo Shuǐkù Dàbà) and Shimantan Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 石漫滩水库大坝; Pinyin: Shímàntān Shuǐkù Dàbà) are among 62 dams in Zhumadian Prefecture of Chinas Henan Province that failed catastrophically in 1975 during Typhoon Nina. ... Look up Flood in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

Storm history

A tropical depression formed from a well-defined monsoonal trough on July 31 and drifted southwestward over the open waters of the West Pacific. The depression quickly became Typhoon Nina, and underwent explosive deepening late on August 1. Over the next 20 hours, Nina experienced a 63 millibar drop in pressure and the winds responded; during that period, Nina's maximum sustained winds doubled. In less than a day, the minimal Category 1 typhoon strengthened to a robust Category 4 supertyphoon. Nina continued to intensify and peaked just short of Category 5 intensity at 135 knots. After peaking, Typhoon Nina weakened, but still was a powerful Category 3 typhoon at landfall in Taiwan. Nina's circulation was severely disrupted following its passage over the mountainous island, and continued on to make landfall as a tropical storm in China. The system then caused the infamous collapse of the Banqiao Dam and dissipated soon afterwards. July 31 is the 212th day (213th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar, with 153 days remaining. ... For other meanings of Pacific, see Pacific (disambiguation). ... August 1 is the 213th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (214th in leap years), with 152 days remaining. ... A millibar (mbar, also mb) is 1/1000th of a bar, a unit for measurement of pressure. ... The Banqiao Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 板桥水库大坝;; Pinyin: Bǎnqiáo Shuǐkù Dàbà) and Shimantan Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 石漫滩水库大坝; Pinyin: Shímàntān Shuǐkù Dàbà) are among 62 dams in Zhumadian Prefecture of Chinas Henan Province that failed catastrophically in 1975 during Typhoon Nina. ...

Impact

Taiwan

The impact of Nina upon Taiwan was moderate since it made landfall in the central mountains, far enough away from any population centers to restrict the destructive winds near the center.

Mainland China

Nina was only a tropical storm at landfall on mainland China, yet caused much more destruction near the Huai He. Setting the highest rainfall record of 1062mm/24h in mainland China, the Banqiao Dam received 2000-year flood conditions and collapsed the same way a string of smaller dams collapsed. In all, 62 dams failed during the disaster, causing large temporary lakes and 1.2 billions of dollars in damage[1]. Image:Huaihe-mapriver. ... The Banqiao Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 板桥水库大坝;; Pinyin: Bǎnqiáo Shuǐkù Dàbà) and Shimantan Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 石漫滩水库大坝; Pinyin: Shímàntān Shuǐkù Dàbà) are among 62 dams in Zhumadian Prefecture of Chinas Henan Province that failed catastrophically in 1975 during Typhoon Nina. ...

Death Toll

The death toll for Typhoon Nina will most likely never be known for sure; official body counts are scarce. However, it can be safely assumed that tens of thousands of residents perished in the cataclysm.

See also

• List of notable tropical cyclones
• Banqiao Dam

This is a list of notable tropical cyclones, subdivided by basin and reason for notability. ... The Banqiao Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 板桥水库大坝;; Pinyin: Bǎnqiáo Shuǐkù Dàbà) and Shimantan Reservoir Dam (Chinese: 石漫滩水库大坝; Pinyin: Shímàntān Shuǐkù Dàbà) are among 62 dams in Zhumadian Prefecture of Chinas Henan Province that failed catastrophically in 1975 during Typhoon Nina. ...

External links

• Nina 1975 best track data
• Joint Typhoon Warning Center
• FIFTH INTERNATIONAL WORKSHOP ON TROPICAL CYCLONES TOPIC 2.1 Observing and forecasting rainfall
• 27th Conference on Hurricanes and Tropical Meteorology