A specimen of roman typefaces by William Caslon

Typography is the art and techniques of type design, modifying type glyphs, and arranging type. Type glyphs (characters) are created and modified using a variety of illustration techniques. The arrangement of type is the selection of typefaces, point size, line length, leading (line spacing) and letter spacing. Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2898x3807, 1794 KB) This description text was copied from the original place of the image (see below) from: http://images. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2898x3807, 1794 KB) This description text was copied from the original place of the image (see below) from: http://images. ... A Specimen of typeset fonts and languages, by William Caslon, letter founder; from the 1728 Cyclopaedia. ... Type design is the art of designing typefaces. ... variant glyphs representing the character a (allographs of a) in the Zapfino typeface. ... This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Illustration by Jessie Willcox Smith. ... “Font” redirects here. ... A point is a unit of measure in typography. ... Line length is a typographic measurement usually in inches, or picas and points, that represents the distance created by the physical number of words and characters on a single line of text. ... In typography, leading (IPA , rhymes with heading) refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of type. ... In typography, tracking is the process of uniformly increasing or decreasing the space between all glyphs (letters) in a block of text. ...

Typography is performed by typesetters, compositors, typographers, graphic artists, art directors, and clerical workers. Until the Digital Age, typography was a specialized occupation. Digitization opened up typography to new generations of visual designers and lay users. Movable metal type Typesetting involves the presentation of textual material in an aesthetic form on paper or some other media. ... A typographer (from the Greek words typos = form and grapho = write) practices typography (the art and technique of selecting and arranging type styles, point sizes, line lengths, line leading, character spacing, and word spacing for typeset applications). ... Graphic design is the applied art of arranging image and text to communicate a message. ... The term art director, is an overall title for a variety of similar job functions in advertising, publishing, film and television, the Internet, and video games. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Information Age. ...

History

For the origins and evolution of typography, see the main articles History of western typography, History of typography in East Asia, and Moveable type.

Look up typography in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.

Etymology: Typography (from the Greek words τύπος type = "to strike" "That by which something is symbolized or figured..." and γραφία graphia = to write). A piece of cast metal type, Garamond style long s / i ligature. ... For the article on the development of printing in Europe, see History of western typography. ... The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ... Wikipedia does not have an article with this exact name. ... Wiktionary (a portmanteau of wiki and dictionary) is a multilingual, Web-based project to create a free content dictionary, available in over 150 languages. ... Not to be confused with Entomology, the scientific study of insects. ...

Typography traces its origins to the first punches and dies used to make seals and currency in ancient times. The first known movable type printing artifact is the Phaistos Disc, dating between 1850 BC and 1600 BC. The item dates back to Minoan age and is now on display at the archaeological museum of Herakleion in Crete, Greece. In numismatics, a punch is an intermediate used in the process of manfacturing coins. ... A die is a tool used in the manufacturing industry to create a wide variety of products and components. ... This article is about the authentication means. ... “Ancient” redirects here. ... The Phaistos Disc (Phaistos Disk, Phaestos Disc) is a curious archaeological find, likely dating to the middle or late Minoan Bronze Age. ... Minoan may refer to the following: The Minoan civilization The (undeciphered) Eteocretan language The (undeciphered) Minoan language The script known as Linear A An old name for the Mycenean language before it was deciphered and discovered to be a form of Greek. ... Morozini Fountain on Venizelou square in Heraklion, Crete, built in 1628 Heraklion or Iraklion (Greek: Ηράκλειο), Greece is the largest city and the capital of Crete. ... For other uses, see Crete (disambiguation). ...

Typography with moveable type continued in 11th-century China, and modular moveable metal type began in 13th-century China and Korea, was developed again in mid-15th century Europe with the development of specialized techniques for casting and combining cheap copies of letterpunches in the vast quantities required to print multiple copies of texts. The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ... The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ... This article is about the Korean peninsula and civilization. ... In traditional typography, punchcutting is the process by which matrices were made in hard metal for type founding in the early days. ...

Scope

In contemporary use, the practice and study of typography is very broad, covering all aspects of letter design and application, including: typesetting and typeface design; handwriting and calligraphy; graffiti; inscriptional and architectural lettering; poster design and other large scale lettering such as signage and billboards; business communications and promotional collateral; advertising; wordmarks and typographic logos (logotypes); apparel (clothing); vehicle instrument panels; kinetic typography in motion picture films and television; and as a component of industrial design—type resides on household appliances, pens and wristwatches, for example. This article or section is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... Penmanship is the art of writing clearly and quickly. ... Contemporary Western Calligraphy. ... For other uses, see Graffiti (disambiguation). ... This article is about building architecture. ... A stop sign informs drivers to stop. ... Billboard redirects here. ... “Advert” redirects here. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Girls wearing formal attire for dancing, an example of one of the many modern forms of clothing. ... A dashboard from a 1940s car The dashboard of a modern car, a Bentley Continental GT A Hayabusas dash A modern Formula 1 car has all its gauges mounted on the steering wheel A dashboard or dash board in an automobile is a panel located under the windscreen and... “Moving picture” redirects here. ... Industrial design is an applied art whereby the aesthetics and usability of products may be improved for marketability and production. ... For other uses, see Pen (disambiguation). ... A watch is a timepiece or portable clock that displays the time and sometimes the day, date, month and year. ...

Since digitization typography's range of applications has become more eclectic, appearing on web pages, LCD mobile phone screens, and hand-held video games. The ubiquity of type has led typographers to coin the phrase "Type is everywhere". A screenshot of a web page. ... “LCD” redirects here. ... “Computer and video games” redirects here. ... Omnipresence is the ability to be present in every place at any, and/or every, time; unbounded or universal presence. ...

Typography generally follows four principles, using repetition, contrast, proximity, and alignment. Look up Repetition in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Left side of the image has low contrast, the right has higher contrast. ... Proximity can be freely translated as closeness. ... In typesetting, alignment, is the horizontal positioning and alignment of text or images within a line, typically relative to a column. ...

Text typography

Text typeset in Iowan Old Style roman, italics and small caps, optimised at approximately 10 words per line, typeface sized at 14 points on 1.4 x leading, with 0.2 points extra tracking. Extract of an essay by Oscar Wilde The English Renaissance of Art ca. 1882.

Text typeset using LaTeX digital typesetting software

In traditional typography, text is composed to create a readable, coherent, and visually satisfying whole that works invisibly, without the awareness of the reader. Even distribution with a minimum of distractions and anomalies are aimed at producing clarity and transparency. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 492 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2436 × 2969 pixel, file size: 157 KB, MIME type: image/png)Typography sample. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 492 × 600 pixelsFull resolution (2436 × 2969 pixel, file size: 157 KB, MIME type: image/png)Typography sample. ... A point is a unit of measure in typography. ... In typography, leading (IPA , rhymes with heading) refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of type. ... In typography, tracking is the process of uniformly increasing or decreasing the space between all glyphs (letters) in a block of text. ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (902x697, 76 KB) Summary An extract from The house of Usher as typeset by LaTeX with default settings. ... Image File history File links Download high resolution version (902x697, 76 KB) Summary An extract from The house of Usher as typeset by LaTeX with default settings. ... For other uses, see latex (disambiguation). ...

Choice of font(s) is perhaps the primary aspect of text typography—prose fiction, non-fiction, editorial, educational, religious, scientific, spiritual and commercial writing all have differing characteristics and requirements. For historic material, established text typefaces are frequently chosen according to a scheme of historical genre acquired by a long process of accretion, with considerable overlap between historical periods. Prose is writing distinguished from poetry by its greater variety of rhythm and its closer resemblance to the patterns of everyday speech. ... For other uses, see Fiction (disambiguation). ... For the book by Chuck Palahniuk titled Non-fiction, see Stranger Than Fiction: True Stories. ...

Contemporary books are more likely to be set with state-of-the-art seriffed "text romans" or "book romans" with design values echoing present-day design arts, which are closely based on traditional models such as those of Nicolas Jenson, Francesco Griffo (a punchcutter who created the model for Aldine typefaces), and Claude Garamond. With their more specialized requirements, newspapers and magazines rely on compact, tightly-fitted text romans specially designed for the task, which offer maximum flexibility, readability and efficient use of page space. Sans serif text fonts are often used for introductory paragraphs, incidental text and whole short articles. A current fashion is to pair sans serif type for headings with a high-performance seriffed font of matching style for the text of an article. In typography, serifs are non-structural details on the ends of some of the strokes that make up letters and symbols. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

The text layout, tone or color of set matter, and the interplay of text with white space of the page and other graphic elements combine to impart a "feel" or "resonance" to the subject matter. With printed media typographers are also concerned with binding margins, paper selection and printing methods. Look up white space, whitespace in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... The printing press is a mechanical device for printing many copies of a text on rectangular sheets of paper. ...

Typography is modulated by Orthography and linguistics, word structures, word frequencies, morphology, phonetic constructs and linguistic syntax. Typography also is subject to specific cultural conventions. For example, in French it is customary to insert a non-breaking space before a colon (:) or semicolon (;) in a sentence, while in English it is not. The orthography of a language specifies the correct way of writing in that language. ... Linguistics is the scientific study of language, which can be theoretical or applied. ... For other uses, see Morphology. ... Phonetics (from the Greek word φωνή, phone meaning sound, voice) is the study of the sounds of human speech. ... For other uses, see Syntax (disambiguation). ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

Readability and legibility

Readability and legibility are often confused. Readability is most often and more properly used to describe the ease with which written language is read and understood – it concerns the difficulty of the language itself, not its appearance. Factors that affect readability include sentence and word length, and the frequency of uncommon words. Look up readability in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Look up legibility in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ...

In contrast, legibility describes how easily or comfortably a typeset text can be read. It is not connected with content or language, but rather with the size and appearance of the printed or displayed text.

Studies of legibility have examined a wide range of factors including type size, type design (for example, comparing serif vs sans serif type, italic type vs roman type), line length, line spacing, colour contrast, the design of right-hand edge (for example, justification (straight right hand edge) vs ranged left, and whether hyphenated). Legibility research was published from the late nineteenth century on, but the overall finding has been that the reading process is remarkably robust, and that significant differences are hard to find. So comparative studies of seriffed vs sans serif type, or justified vs unjustified type, have failed to settle the argument over which is best. (Serifs are the small cross-strokes at the end of letters in fonts such as Times; sans serif fonts, such as Arial, lack these cross strokes). Unfortunately, the fashion for legibility research was over by the time that revolutionary changes in printing and display technology (ie, laser printing and PC display screens) made it actually of potential interest. In typography, serifs are non-structural details on the ends of some of the strokes that make up letters and symbols. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... Roman type has two separate meanings in typography, both of which refer to the fact that the capital letters of a Roman font have an appearance similar to those used for lettering stone in ancient Rome: Roman type can refer to one of the major families of traditional typefaces as... Justification can mean: justification (jurisprudence) justification (typesetting) justification (theology) In epistemology, justification of a belief is what renders it worth believing in terms of its probable truth. ...

Legibility is usually measured through speed of reading, with comprehension scores used to check for effectiveness (ie, not a rushed or careless read). For example, Miles Tinker, who published numerous studies from the 1930s to the 1960s, used a speed of reading test that required participants to spot incongruous words as an effectiveness filter.

These days, legibility research tends to be limited to critical issues, or the testing of specific design solutions (for example, when new typefaces are developed). Examples of critical issues include typefaces (also called fonts) for people with visual impairment, and typefaces for highway signs, or for other conditions where legibility may make a key difference.

Much of the legibility research literature is somewhat atheoretical - various factors were tested individually or in combination (inevitably so, as the different factors are interdependent), but many tests were carried out in the absence of a model of reading or visual perception. Some typographers believe that the overall word shape is very important in readability, and that letter by letter recognition (sometimes known as parallel letterwise recognition) is either wrong, less important, or not the entire picture. Studies that distinguish between the two models have favored parallel letterwise recognition, and the latter is widely accepted by cognitive psychologists (citation?).

Some commonly agreed findings of legibility research include: text set in lower case is more legible than text set all in upper case (capitals), presumably because lower case letter structures and word shapes are more distinctive, having greater saliency with the presence of extenders (ascenders, descenders and other projecting parts); regular upright type (roman) is found to be more legible that italics, contrast, without dazzling brightness, has also been found to be important, with black on yellow/cream being most effective; positive images (eg, black on white) are easier to read than negative or reversed (eg, white on black); the upper portions of letters play a stonger part than the lower portions in the recognition process; legibility is compromised by letterspacing, word spacing and leading that are too tight or too loose. Generous vertical space separates lines of text, making it easier for the eye to distinguish one line from the next, or previous line. Poorly designed fonts and those that are too tightly or loosely fitted can also result in poor legibility. In typography, tracking is the process of uniformly increasing or decreasing the space between all glyphs (letters) in a block of text. ... In typography, leading (IPA , rhymes with heading) refers to the amount of added vertical spacing between lines of type. ...

Periodicals

Popular American newspapers like USA Today use typography heavily.

Typography is an element of all printed material. Periodical publications, especially newspapers and magazines, use typographical elements to achieve an attractive, distinctive appearance, to aid readers in navigating the publication, and in some cases for dramatic effect. By formulating a style guide, a periodical standardizes on a relatively small collection of typefaces, each used for specific elements within the publication, and makes consistent use of type sizes, italic, boldface, large and small capital letters, colours, and other typographic features. Some publications, such as The Guardian and The Economist, go so far as to commission a type designer do create bespoke typefaces for their exclusive use. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 348 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (464 × 800 pixel, file size: 171 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This image is of a scan of a newspaper page or article, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 348 × 600 pixel Image in higher resolution (464 × 800 pixel, file size: 171 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) This image is of a scan of a newspaper page or article, and the copyright for it is most likely owned by either... USA Today is a national American daily newspaper published by the Gannett Company. ... This article or section does not adequately cite its references or sources. ... An Identity Standards Manual page—for the graphic design branch of corporate identity design and branding. ... “Font” redirects here. ... The Guardian is a British newspaper owned by the Guardian Media Group. ... The Economist is a weekly news and international affairs publication owned by The Economist Newspaper Ltd and edited in London, UK. It has been in continuous publication since September 1843. ... A type designer is a person who designs typefaces. ...

Different periodical publications design their publications, including their typography, to achieve a particular tone or style. For example, USAToday uses a bold, colourful, and comparatively modern style through their use of a variety of typefaces and colours; type sizes vary widely, and the newspaper's name is placed on a coloured background. In contrast, the New York Times use a more traditional approach, with fewer colours, less typeface variation, and more columns. USA TODAY is a national American newspaper published by the Gannett Corporation. ... The New York Times is an internationally known daily newspaper published in New York City and distributed in the United States and many other nations worldwide. ... For other uses, see Column (disambiguation). ...

Especially on the front page of newspapers and on magazine covers, headlines are often set in larger display typefaces to attract attention, and are placed near the masthead.
A headline is text at the top of a newspaper article, indicating the nature of the article below it. ... A masthead is a list, usually found on the editorial page of a newspaper, of the members of the newspapers editorial board. ...

Display typography

19th century poster printed with wood and metal types

Display typography is a potent element in graphic design, where there is less concern for readability and more potential for using type in an artistic manner. Type is combined with negative space, graphic elements and pictures, forming relationships and dialog between words and images. Download high resolution version (1000x1805, 401 KB)Wanted poster issued 1865-04-20 by United States War Department Secretary Edwin M. Stanton for the capture of John Wilkes Booth, John H. Surrat, and David C. Harold, suspected in the murder of Abraham Lincoln. ... Download high resolution version (1000x1805, 401 KB)Wanted poster issued 1865-04-20 by United States War Department Secretary Edwin M. Stanton for the capture of John Wilkes Booth, John H. Surrat, and David C. Harold, suspected in the murder of Abraham Lincoln. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... In art, negative space is the space around and between the subject(s) of an image. ...

Color and size of type elements are much more prevalent than in text typography. Most display typography exploits type at larger sizes, where the details of letter design are magnified. Color is used for its emotional effect in conveying the tone and nature of subject matter.

Display typography encompasses: posters; book covers; typographic logos and wordmarks; billboards; packaging; on-product typography; calligraphy; graffiti; inscriptional and architectural lettering; poster design and other large scale lettering signage; business communications and promotional collateral; advertising; wordmarks and typographic logos (logotypes), and kinetic typography in motion pictures and television; vending machine displays; online and computer screen displays. Poster from the Spanish Revolution A poster is any large piece of printed paper designed to be attached to a wall or vertical surface. ... Wikipedia does not yet have an article with this exact name. ... Look up logos in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Packaging is the enclosing of a physical object, typically a product that will be offered for sale. ... For other uses, see Graffiti (disambiguation). ... Look up sign in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Cigarette vending machine. ... Nineteen inch (48 cm) CRT computer monitor A computer display, monitor or screen is a computer peripheral device capable of showing still or moving images generated by a computer and processed by a graphics card. ...

The wanted poster for the assassins of Abraham Lincoln was printed with lead and woodcut type, and incorporates photography. For other uses, see Abraham Lincoln (disambiguation). ...

Advertising

A print advertisement for the Encyclopædia Britannica from a 1913 issue of National Geographic

Typography has long been a vital part of promotional material and advertising. Designers often use typography to set a theme and mood in an advertisement; for example using bold, large text to convey a particular message to the reader. Type is often used to draw attention to a particular advertisement, combined with efficient use of color, shapes and images. Today, typography in advertising often reflects a company's brand. Fonts used in advertisements convey different messages to the reader, classical fonts are for a strong personality, while more modern fonts are for a cleaner, neutral look. Bold fonts are used for making statements and attracting attention. Image File history File links EncycBrit1913. ... Image File history File links EncycBrit1913. ... The Encyclopædia Britannica is a general English-language encyclopaedia published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. ... The National Geographic Society was founded in the USA on January 27, 1888, by 33 men interested in organizing a society for the increase and diffusion of geographical knowledge. ... Wikibooks has more about this subject: Marketing Scale model of a Wheaties cereal box at a pep rally Promotion is one of the four key aspects of the marketing mix. ... “Advert” redirects here. ... A brand includes a name, logo, slogan, and/or design scheme associated with a product or service. ...

Inscriptional and architectural lettering

See also Epigraphy.

The history of inscriptional lettering is intimately tied to the history of writing, the evolution of letterforms, and the craft of the hand. The widespread use of the computer and various etching and sandblasting techniques today has made the hand carved monument a rarity, and the number of lettercarvers left in the States continues to dwindle. The Rosetta Stone in the British Museum. ... Man sandblasting a stone wall Device used for adding sand to the compressed air (top of which is a sieve for adding the sand) Diesel powered compressor used as an air supply for sandbasting Sandblasting or bead blasting[1] is a generic term for the process of smoothing, shaping and...

For monumental lettering to be effective it must be considered carefully in its context. Proportions of letters need to be altered as their size and distance from the viewer increases. An expert letterer gains understanding of these nuances through much practice and observation of their craft. Letters drawn by hand and for a specific project have the possibility of being richly specific and profoundly beautiful in the hand of a master. Each can also take up to an hour to carve, so it is no wonder that the automated sandblasting process has become the industry standard.

To create a sandblasted letter, a rubber mat is laser cut from a computer file and glued to the stone. The sand then bites a coarse groove or channel into the exposed surface. Unfortunately, many of the computer applications which create these files and interface with the laser cutter do not have many typefaces available, and often have inferior versions of typefaces that are available. What can now be done in minutes, however, lacks the striking architecture and geometry of the chisel-cut letter which allows light to play across its distinct interior planes.

Recently, there has been some rumbling in typographic circles over the proposed 9/11 memorial in New Jersey. Frederic Schwartz, the project architect, has chosen to render the names of the victims in "a familiar and easy-to-read typeface": Times New Roman. This democratic choice (the families of victims were closely involved with the design plan) could perhaps be echoing the controversial Emigre adage "People read best what they read most" in that Times is the default for many applications, but it seems to many that the choice is really a non-choice, or poor choice at best. These letterforms, originally designed for small print in newspaper setting, will be blown up to nearly four inches high. The Times New Roman typeface, on top at 88. ... Émigré is a French term that literally refers to a person who has migrated out, but often carries a connotation of politico-social self-exile. ...

See also

For a comprehensive list of related Wikipedia articles, see Category:Typography.

References

• Bringhurst, Robert (2002). The Elements of Typographic Style (version 2.5). Vancouver: Hartley & Marks. ISBN 0-88179-133-4. Often referred to simply as "Bringhurst", Elements is widely respected as the current authority on typographic style for Latin typography. (excerpts).

• Heller, Steven and Meggs, Philip B. Texts on Type: Critical Writings on Typography (c) 2001, Allworth Press, Allworth Communications, New York. ISBN 1-58115-082-2. A compilation of over fifty texts on the history, practice, and aesthetics of type design and typography.

• Lexique des règles typographiques en usage à l'Imprimerie nationale, Imprimerie nationale, 2002, ISBN 2-7433-0482-0, for French typography.

• Swanson, Gunnar Graphic Design and Reading: explorations of an uneasy relationship (c) 2000, Allworth Press, Allworth Communications, New York. ISBN 1-58115-063-6. The Crystal Goblet, or Printing Should Be Invisible Beatrice Warde; Improving the Tool Hrant H. Papazian.

• Alexander Lawson, Anatomy of a Typeface , first published in 1990, devotes entire chapters to the development and uses of individual or small groupings of typefaces. ISBN 978-0879233334

• White, Alex W. (1999). Type in Use - Effective typography for electronic publishing (version 2.0). W.W. Norton & Company, Inc. New York. ISBN 0-393-73034-4 (pbk).

Bringhurst lives in Vancouver. ... Robert Bringhurst authored three editions of a book entitled The Elements of Typographic Style. ... Steven Heller, (b. ... Philip Baxter Meggs (1942–2002) was an American graphic designer, professor, historian and author of books on graphic design. ... Cover of . ...

Supporting organizations

• The Typophiles
• International Typographic Association, (Association Typographique Internationale, ATypI)
• Society of Typographic Aficionados (SoTA)
• Type Directors Club
• International Center for the Typographic Arts (ICTA)

A New York organization dedicated to the study and enjoyment of typography, type design, and related arts. ... ATypI is the Association Typographique Internationale, or the international typography association. ... The Society of Typographic Aficionados (SOTA) is an international not-for-profit organization dedicated to the promotion, study, and support of type, its history and development, its use in the world of print and digital imagery, its designers, and its admirers. ... The Type Directors Club (TDC) is an international organization for all people who are devoted to excellence in typography of all forms. ...

External links

• Typophile Online community and discussion forums
• Typeforyou A blog on typography, featuring interviews, events and font reviews.
• decodeunicode.org Wiki with all 98.884 Unicode characters, full text search)
• Comp.fonts FAQ: General Info Section four of six of the newsgroup FAQ
• Diacritics Project: Designing a font with correct accents
• Planet Typography: Online magazine on contemporary typography, directory, manual and other topics
• History on printed books
• Caligraft :: Computational calligraphy
• ABC typography: A virtual type museum
• Typecastfilm.com A film about Swiss design and typography
• A List Apart: Typography Matters for web developers
• Tipometar: Typography in Serbia
• Typography and The Design of Letterforms
• Legible? by Gerard Unger
• TypeCulture Academic Resource educational resources, including documentary videos about typography
• Type, handwriting, and lettering a comprehensive typesetting course by Gunnlaugur SE Briem
• Typotheque online archive of typography related articles, essays, and interviews
• HSDMAG Typography Post a collection of motion TYPO movies ( most of them done with After Effects)
• Typefoundry Blog of James Mosley, type historian and former librarian of St. Bride Printing Library, London.
• Revolver engraved on a wood block to create a copper plate by galvanic process

v • d • e Typography terminology
Page	Pagination · Recto · Verso · Margin · Column · Canons of page construction
Paragraph	Widows and orphans · Leading · River · Baseline · Median · Alignment · Justification
Character	Ligature · Letter-spacing · Kerning · Majuscule · Minuscule · Initial · x-height · Ascender · Descender · Diacritics · Counter · Subscript · Superscript
Style	Serif · Italic · Slab serif · Sans-serif · Blackletter · Script · Dingbat
Punctuation	Hanging punctuation · Hyphenation · Curly quotes · En dash · Em dash
Typesetting	Type design · Type foundry · Movable type · Calligraphy · Phototypesetting · Letterpress · Typeface · Font · Computer font · Point · Pica · Cicero · Em · En · Lorem ipsum · Hamburgefonts · Punchcutting
Digital typography	Font formats · Typesetting software · Character encoding · Rasterization · Hinting