Coordinates: 33°16′8″N, 35°12′59″E Map of Earth showing lines of latitude (horizontally) and longitude (vertically), Eckert VI projection; large version (pdf, 1. ...

Tyre*
UNESCO World Heritage Site
State Party	Lebanon
Type	Cultural
Criteria	iii, vi
Reference	299
Region†	Arab States
Inscription History
Inscription	1984  (8th Session)
* Name as inscribed on World Heritage List. † Region as classified by UNESCO.

Tyre (Arabic صور Ṣūr, Phoenician Ṣur, Hebrew צור Tzor, Tiberian Hebrew צר Ṣōr, Akkadian Ṣurru, Greek Τύρος Týros) is a city in the South Governorate of Lebanon. With 117,100 inhabitants, Tyre juts out from the coast of the Mediterranean Sea and it is located about 80 km (50 mi) south of Beirut. The name of the city means "rock" ^[1]. The adjective for Tyre is Tyrian, and the inhabitants are Tyrians. A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high resolution version (1200x1800, 2402 KB) Summary The fantastic remains of the ancient Triumphal Arch in Tyre, Lebanon. ... As of 2006, there are a total of 830 World Heritage Sites located in 138 State Parties. ... Image File history File links Flag_of_Lebanon. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Arab world. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Arabic redirects here. ... Phoenician was a language originally spoken in the coastal region then called PÅ«t in Ancient Egyptian, Canaan in Phoenician, Hebrew and Aramaic, and Phoenicia in Greek and Latin. ... “Hebrew” redirects here. ... Tiberian Hebrew is an oral tradition of pronunciation for ancient forms of Hebrew, especially the Hebrew of the Bible, that was given written form by masoretic scholars in the Jewish community at Tiberias in the early middle ages, beginning in the 8th century. ... Akkadian (lišānum akkadÄ«tum) was a Semitic language (part of the greater Afro-Asiatic language family) spoken in ancient Mesopotamia, particularly by the Assyrians and Babylonians. ... The Governorate of South Lebanon South Lebanon (officially Liban-Sud) (Arabic: al-Janub) is one of the governorates of Lebanon. ... Mediterranean redirects here. ... KM, Km, or km may stand for: Khmer language (ISO 639 alpha-2, km) Kilometre Kinemantra Meditation Knowledge management KM programming language KM Culture, Korean Movie Maker. ... “Miles” redirects here. ... This article is about the Lebanese city. ... “Rock” redirects here. ...

Tyre is an ancient Phoenician city and the legendary birthplace of Europa and Elissa (Dido). Today it is the fourth largest city in Lebanon [4] and houses one of the nation's major ports known locally in French as Soûr. Tyre is a popular destination for tourists. The city has many ancient sites, including its Roman Hippodrome which was added to UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites in 1979 (Resolution 459).^[2] Phoenicia (or Phenicia ,[1] from Biblical Phenice [1]) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coast of modern day Lebanon and Syria. ... Europa and Zeus, on the Greek €2 coin A commemorative Italian euro coin depicts Europa holding a pen over the text of the Constitution of Europe. ... Aeneas recounting the Trojan War to Dido. ... For other uses, see Hippodrome (disambiguation). ... UNESCO (United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization) is a specialized agency of the United Nations established in 1945. ... A UNESCO World Heritage Site is a specific site (such as a forest, mountain, lake, desert, monument, building, complex, or city) that has been nominated and confirmed for inclusion on the list maintained by the international World Heritage Programme administered by the UNESCO World Heritage Committee, composed of 21 State... Also: 1979 by Smashing Pumpkins. ...

History

Map of Lebanon from the CIA Factbook. Tyre is near the southern border.

Tyre harbour

Remains of ancient columns at Al Mina excavation site - supposed palaestra

Rectangular theatre at Al Mina excavation site

"The location of the city of Tyre is not in doubt, for it exists to this day on the same spot and is known as Sur." (Katzenstein, H.J., The History of Tyre, 1973, p9) Tyre originally consisted of two distinct urban centers, one on an island and the other on the adjacent coast (approximately 30 stadia apart or 3.5 miles according to Strabo in his Geography xvi, 2), before Alexander the Great connected the island to the coast during his siege of the city. One was a heavily fortified island city amidst the sea (with defensive walls 150 feet high) and the latter, originally called Ushu (later, Palaetyrus, by the Greeks) was actually more like a line of suburbs than any one city and was used primarily as a source of water and timber for the main island city. ^[3] Josephus even records them fighting against each other ^[4], although most of the time they supported one another due to the island city’s wealth from maritime trade and the mainland area’s source of timber, water and burial grounds. Map of Lebanon from de wiki/CIA World Factbook. ... Map of Lebanon from de wiki/CIA World Factbook. ... The World Factbook is an annual publication by the Central Intelligence Agency of the United States with basic almanac-style information about the various countries of the world. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 626 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - a view of the Christian quarter from the fishing harbour pier sl: Tir, Libanon - pogled na krščansko četrt s pomola v ribiÅ¡kem pristanišču I took the photo myself Licensing File links... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 626 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - a view of the Christian quarter from the fishing harbour pier sl: Tir, Libanon - pogled na krščansko četrt s pomola v ribiÅ¡kem pristanišču I took the photo myself Licensing File links... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 647 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - columns of what is believed to be palaestra (athletes training area) at the Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - stebri domnevne palaestre (vadbišča Å¡portnikov) na arheoloÅ¡kem območju Al Mina I... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 647 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - columns of what is believed to be palaestra (athletes training area) at the Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - stebri domnevne palaestre (vadbišča Å¡portnikov) na arheoloÅ¡kem območju Al Mina I... Pompeii palaestra seen from the top of the stadium wall. ... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 668 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - rectangular thetre at Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - pravokotno gledališče v arheoloÅ¡kem območju Al Mina I took the photo myself Licensing File links The following pages on the English... Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 668 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - rectangular thetre at Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - pravokotno gledališče v arheoloÅ¡kem območju Al Mina I took the photo myself Licensing File links The following pages on the English... Cities with at least a million inhabitants in 2006 An urban area is an area with an increased density of human-created structures in comparison to the areas surrounding it. ... Introduction Many systems of weights and measures have existed throughout history in different civilisations. ... The Greek geographer Strabo in a 16th century engraving. ... For the film of the same name, see Alexander the Great (1956 film). ... Ushu is the name of the ancient mainland city that supplied Tyre with water, supplies and burial grounds. ... A fanciful representation of Flavius Josephus, in an engraving in William Whistons translation of his works Josephus (37 – sometime after 100 CE),[1] who became known, in his capacity as a Roman citizen, as Titus Flavius Josephus,[2] was a 1st-century Jewish historian and apologist of priestly and...

Foundation

Tyre was founded around 2750 BC according to Herodotus and it appears on monuments as early as 1300 BC. Philo of Byblos (in Eusebius) quotes the antiquarian authority Sanchuniathon as stating that it was first occupied by one Hypsuranius. Sanchuniathon's work is said to be dedicated to "Abibalus king of Berytus" -- possibly the Abibaal who was king of Tyre.^[5] // Ancient painting of Nuwa and Fu Hsi unearthed in Xinjiang. ... Herodotus of Halicarnassus (Greek: Hērodotos Halikarnāsseus) was a Greek historian from Ionia who lived in the 5th century BC (ca. ... (Redirected from 1300 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1350s BC 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC 1310s BC - 1300s BC - 1290s BC 1280s BC 1270s BC 1260s BC 1250s BC Events and Trends Cecrops II, legendary King of Athens dies after a reign... Philo of Byblos (Herennios Philon), (ca 64 - 141 CE) was an antiquarian writer of grammatical, lexical and historical works in Greek, whose name Herennius makes it appear that he was a client of the Consul suffectus Herennius Severus, through whom Philo could have achieved the status of a Roman citizen. ... Eusebius is the name of several significant historical people: Pope Eusebius - Pope in AD 309 - 310. ... Sanchuniathon or Sanchoniathon or Sanchoniatho is the purported Phoenician author of three works in Phoenician, surviving only in partial paraphrase and summary of a Greek translation by Philo of Byblos. ...

Amarna letters Tyre, of 1350 BC has a body of letters-(9, detailed) from the mayor: Abi-Milku written to Akenaten. The subject is often water, wood, and the Habiru overtaking the countryside, of the mainland, and how it affected the island-city. EA 161, letter by Aziru, leader of Amurru, (stating his case to pharaoh), one of the Amarna letters in cuneiform writing on a clay tablet. ... (Redirected from 1350 BC) Centuries: 15th century BC - 14th century BC - 13th century BC Decades: 1400s BC 1390s BC 1380s BC 1370s BC 1360s BC - 1350s BC - 1340s BC 1330s BC 1320s BC 1310s BC 1300s BC Events and Trends Significant People 1350 BC - Pharaoh Amenhotep IV Akhenaton rises to... Abi-Milku was the only mayor/ruler of Tyre, Lebanon-(called Surru in the letters), during the 1350-1335 BC Amarna letters correspondence. ... Neferkheperure-waenre Beautiful are the Manifestations of Re[3] the one of Re Nomen Akhenaten Servant of the Aten[2] (after Year 4 of his reign) Amenhotep Horus name Kanakht-Meryaten The strong bull, beloved of the Aten Nebty name Wernesytemakhetaten Great of kingship in Akhetaten Golden Horus Wetjesrenenaten Who... Habiru (Ha biru) or Apiru or pr. ...

Early history

The commerce of the ancient world was gathered into the warehouses of Tyre. "Tyrian merchants were the first who ventured to navigate the Mediterranean waters; and they founded their colonies on the coasts and neighbouring islands of the Aegean Sea, in Greece, on the northern coast of Africa, at Carthage and other places, in Sicily and Corsica, in Spain at Tartessus, and even beyond the pillars of Hercules at Gadeira (Cádiz)" (Driver's Isaiah).^{[citation needed]} This article refers to a colony in politics and history. ... Look up Aegean Sea in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Categories: Africa geography stubs | North Africa ... Roman Carthage with former military harbor Carthage (Greek: , Latin: , from the Phoenician meaning new town; Arabic: ) refers both to an ancient city in Tunisia and to the civilization that developed within the citys sphere of influence. ... Sicily ( in Italian and Sicilian) is an autonomous region of Italy and the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, with an area of 25,708 km² (9,926 sq. ... For other uses, see Corsica (disambiguation). ... Tartessos (also Tartessus) was a harbor city on the south coast of Spain, at the mouth of the Guadalquivir. ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Location Location of Cádiz Coordinates : Time Zone : General information Native name Cádiz (Spanish) Spanish name Cádiz Postal code – Website http://www. ...

In the time of David (c. 1000 BC), a friendly alliance was entered into between the Jews and the Tyrians, who were long ruled over by their native kings. The city of Tyre was particularly known for the production of a rare and extraordinarily expensive sort of purple dye, produced from the murex shellfish, known as Tyrian purple. This color was, in many cultures of ancient times, reserved for the use of royalty, or at least nobility. This article is about the Biblical king of Israel. ... This article is about the color. ... Look up dye in Wiktionary, the free dictionary. ... Species see text Murex (Linnaeus, 1758) is a genus of tropical carnivorous marine gastropods. ... Murex brandaris, also known as the Spiny dye-murex The chemical structure of 6,6′-dibromoindigo, the main component of Tyrian Purple A space-filling model of 6,6′-dibromoindigo Tyrian purple (Greek: , porphura), also known as royal purple or imperial purple, is a purple-red dye made by the...

It was often attacked by Egypt, besieged by Shalmaneser V, who was assisted by the Phoenicians of the mainland, for five years, and by Nebuchadnezzar (586–573 BC) for thirteen years, without success, although a compromise peace was made in which Tyre paid tribute to the Babylonians. It later fell under the power of the Persians. Shalmaneser V (Akkadian: Shulmanu-asharid) was King of Assyria from 727 to 722 BC. He first appears as governor of Zimirra in Phoenicia in the reign of his father, Tiglath-Pileser III. At all events, on the death of Tiglath-Pileser, he succeeded to the throne as the 25th king... Phoenicia (or Phenicia ,[1] from Biblical Phenice [1]) was an ancient civilization centered in the north of ancient Canaan, with its heartland along the coast of modern day Lebanon and Syria. ... Nebuchadnezzar (or Nebudchadrezzar) II (ca. ... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC - 610s BC - 600s BC - 590s BC - 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC - 550s BC - 540s BC - 530s BC Events and Trends 589 BC - Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as king of Egypt 588 BC _ Nebuchadnezzar II of... Centuries: 7th century BC - 6th century BC - 5th century BC Decades: 620s BC 610s BC 600s BC 590s BC 580s BC - 570s BC - 560s BC 550s BC 540s BC 530s BC 520s BC Events and trends 579 BC - Servius Tullius succeeds the assassinated Lucius Tarquinius Priscus as king of Rome. ... Persia redirects here. ...

In 332 BC, the city was conquered by Alexander the Great, after a siege of seven months in which he built the causeway from the mainland to the island^[6], but it continued to maintain much of its commercial importance until the Christian era. The presence of the causeway affected water currents nearby, causing sediment to build up, making the connection permanent. Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 380s BC 370s BC 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC - 330s BC - 320s BC 310s BC 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 337 BC 336 BC 335 BC 334 BC 333 BC - 332 BC - 331 BC 329 BC 328... For the film of the same name, see Alexander the Great (1956 film). ... In 332 BC, Alexander the Great set out to conquer Tyre, a strategic coastal base in the war between the Greeks and the Persians. ... The Hindenburgdamm rail causeway across the Wadden Sea to the island of Sylt in Schleswig-Holstein, Germany In modern usage, a causeway is a road or railway elevated by a bank, usually across a broad body of water or wetland. ...

In 315 BC, Alexander's former general Antigonus begins his own siege of Tyre[5], taking the city a year later[6]. Centuries: 5th century BC - 4th century BC - 3rd century BC Decades: 360s BC 350s BC 340s BC 330s BC 320s BC - 310s BC - 300s BC 290s BC 280s BC 270s BC 260s BC 320 BC 319 BC 318 BC 317 BC 316 BC - 315 BC - 314 BC 313 BC 312... Antigonus I Cyclops or Monophthalmos (the One-eyed, so called from his having lost an eye) (382 BC - 301 BC) was a Macedonian nobleman, general, and satrap under Alexander the Great. ...

In 126 BC, Tyre regained its independence[7] (from the Seleucids) and was allowed to keep much of its independence when the area became a Roman province in 64 BC[8]. Centuries: 3rd century BC - 2nd century BC - 1st century BC Decades: 170s BC 160s BC 150s BC 140s BC 130s BC - 120s BC - 110s BC 100s BC 90s BC 80s BC 70s BC Years: 131 BC 130 BC 129 BC 128 BC 127 BC - 126 BC - 125 BC 124 BC... Seleucus I Nicator (Nicator, the Victor) (around 358–281 BC) was one of Alexander the Greats generals who, after Alexanders death in 323 BC, founded the Seleucid Empire. ...

Later history

A congregation was founded here soon after the death of Saint Stephen, and Paul of Tarsus, on his return from his third missionary journey, spent a week in conversation with the disciples there. According to Irenaeus of Lyons in Adversus Haereses, the female companion of Simon Magus came from here. “St. ... Paul of Tarsus (b. ... Irenaeus (Greek: Εἰρηναῖος), (b. ... On the Detection and Overthrow of the So-Called Gnosis, commonly called Against Heresies (Latin: Adversus haereses), is a five volume work written by St. ... For the film, see Simon Magus (film). ...

It was captured in 1124 after the First Crusade and was one of the most important cities of the Kingdom of Jerusalem. It was part of the royal domain, although there were also autonomous trading colonies there for the Italian merchant cities. The city was the site of the archbishop of Tyre, a suffragan of the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem; its archbishops often acceded to the Patriarchate. The most notable of the Latin archbishops was the historian William of Tyre. Events March 26 - Henry I of Englands forces defeat Norman rebels at Bourgtheroulde. ... Combatants Christendom, Catholicism West European Christians, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia Seljuks, Arabs and other Muslims The First Crusade was launched in 1095 by Pope Urban II with the dual goals of liberating the sacred city of Jerusalem and the Holy Land from Muslims and freeing the Eastern Christians from Muslim... Official language Latin, French, Italian, and other western languages; Greek and Arabic also widely spoken Capital Jerusalem, later Acre Constitution Various laws, so-called Assizes of Jerusalem The Kingdom of Jerusalem was a Christian kingdom established in the Levant in 1099 by the First Crusade. ... The Archbishop of Tyre was one of the major suffragans of the Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem during the Crusades and was established to serve the Catholic members of the diocese. ... The Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem is the title given to the Latin Rite Roman Catholic Archbishop of Jerusalem. ... William of Tyre (c. ...

After the fall of Jerusalem to Saladin in 1187, the seat of the kingdom moved to Acre, but coronations were held in Tyre. In the 13th century, Tyre was separated from the royal domain as a separate crusader lordship. In 1291, it was retaken by the Mameluks which then was followed by Ottoman rule before the modern state of Lebanon was declared in 1920. For other uses, see Jerusalem (disambiguation). ... Saladin, properly known as Salah al-DÄ«n Yusuf ibn Ayyub (Arabic: , Kurdish: ) (c. ... // Events May 1 - Battle of Cresson - Saladin defeats the crusaders July 4 - Saladin defeats Guy of Lusignan, King of Jerusalem, at the Battle of Hattin. ... The Old City of Akko in the 19th or early 20th century, looking south-west from atop the Land Wall Promenade, the open space now a parking lot. ... The Crusader state of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, created in 1099, was divided into a number of smaller seigneuries. ... For broader historical context, see 1290s and 13th century. ... An Ottoman Mamluk, from 1810 Mamluks (or Mameluks) (the Arabic word usually translates as owned, singular: مملوك plural: مماليك) comprised slave soldiers used by the Muslim Caliphs and the Ottoman Empire, and who on more than one occasion seized power for... 1920 (MCMXX) was a leap year starting on Thursday. ...

After 1920

A large sign which marks the ancient city of Tyre as protected cultural property according to the 1954 Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict

Tyre was badly damaged in the late 1970s (Operation Litani) and early 1980s (1982 Lebanon War) during the war between Israel and the Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO). The city was a used as a base by the PLO, and was nearly destroyed by Israeli artillery.^[7] After Israel's 1982 invasion of southern Lebanon, the city was the site of an Israeli military post. In late 1982, and again on November 1983, buildings housing Israeli headquarters were destroyed by bombs, causing dozens of deaths in both cases and known in Israel as the First and Second Tyre Catastrophes. The 1983 explosion, by a suicide truck, happened only 10 days after similar car bombs exploded in the US Marines and French paratroop barracks in Beirut. Israel and the US blame Iran and Hezbollah for all explosions, but they have denied any involvement. Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... Image File history File links Metadata No higher resolution available. ... The Hague Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict is an international treaty that was signed at The Hague, Netherlands, on May 14, 1954, and entered into force August 7, 1956. ... Operation Litani was the official name of the Israel Defense Forces 1978 invasion of Lebanon up to the Litani river. ... Combatants Israel South Lebanon Army LF (nominally neutral) PLO Syria Amal (switched sides) LCP Commanders Menachem Begin (Prime Minister) Ariel Sharon, (Ministry of Defence) Rafael Eitan, (CoS) Yasser Arafat Strength Israel: 76,000 troops 800 tanks 1,500 APCs 634 aircraft Syria: 22,000 troops 352 tanks 300 APCs 450... The Palestine Liberation Organization (PLO) (Arabic: ;   or Munazzamat al-Tahrir al-Filastiniyyah) is a multi-party confederation and is the organization regarded since 1974 as the sole legitimate representative of the Palestinian people. ... For other uses, see Car bomb (disambiguation). ... The 1983 Beirut barracks bombing was a major incident on October 23, 1983, during the Lebanese Civil War. ... This article is about the Lebanese city. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ...

During the 2006 Israel-Lebanon conflict, several rocket-launching sites used by Hezbollah to attack Israel were located in rural areas around the city.^[8] At least one village near the city was bombed by Israel, as well as several sites within the city, causing civilian deaths, and adding to the food shortage problem inside Tyre.^[9] Israeli naval commandos also raided Hezbollah targets within the city.^[10] Combatants Hezbollah Amal LCP  Israel Commanders Hassan Nasrallah (Secretary General of Hezbollah) Imad Mughniyeh (Commander of Hezbollahs armed wing)[5] Dan Halutz (CoS) Moshe Kaplinsky[12] Udi Adam (Regional) Strength 600-1,000 active fighters 3,000-10,000 reservists[6] 30,000 ground troops (plus IAF & ISC)[13... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ...

Cultural references

Tyre was also referred to many times by the poet Tibullus in the three books of poetry entitled Tibullus: Elegies. It is also frequently mentioned in the Old Testament. This article contains translated text and needs attention from someone approaching dual fluency. ... Note: Judaism commonly uses the term Tanakh to refer to its canon, which corresponds to the Protestant Old Testament. ...

Tyre is also prominently featured in the Shakespeare play, "Pericles, Prince of Tyre." Shakespeare redirects here. ... Title page of the 1611 quarto edition of the play Pericles, Prince of Tyre is a play written (at least in part) by William Shakespeare and included in modern editions of his collected plays despite some questions over its authorship. ...

Tyre is briefly mentioned in the play Salome by Oscar Wilde and the opera of the same name by Richard Strauss. Salome says that John the Baptist's mouth is "Like a pomegranate cut with a knife of ivory. The pomegranate-flowers that blossom in the garden of Tyre, and are redder than roses, are not so red [as thy mouth]." Coin of Salome (daughter of Herodias), queen of Chalcis and Armenia Minor. ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ... This article is about the German composer of tone-poems and operas. ... St. ...

In nineteenth century Britain, Tyre was several times taken as an exemplar of the mortality of great power and status - both by John Ruskin in the opening lines of The Stones of Venice, and by Rudyard Kipling's 'Recessional'. Oscar Wilde referred to Tyre in his poetry: "...my tyrian galley waits for thee, come down the purple sail is spread..." The children's writer E. Nesbit devotes a chapter to Tyre in Five Children and It. Exemplar, in the sense developed by philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn, is a well known usage of a scientific theory. ... Upper: Steel-plate engraving of Ruskin as a young man, made circa 1845, scanned from print made circa 1895. ... The Stones of Venice is John Ruskins original three-volume masterpiece on Venetian art and architecture, first published from 1851-53. ... This article is about the British author. ... Recessional is a poem by Rudyard Kipling, which he composed on the occasion of Queen Victorias Diamond Jubilee in 1897. ... Oscar Fingal OFlahertie Wills Wilde (October 16, 1854 – November 30, 1900) was an Irish playwright, novelist, poet, and author of short stories. ... Edith Nesbit (married name Edith Bland; August 15, 1858 - May 4, 1924) was an English author and poet whose childrens works were published under the androgynous name of E. Nesbit. ... Five Children and It is a childrens book by Edith Nesbit, first published in 1902. ...

Hiram Abiff, a central figure in the mythology and symbolism of Freemasonry, and the man believed to have been chief architect of the Temple of Solomon, is said to have hailed from Tyre. In the Old Testament of the Bible, a man named Hiram, king of Tyre is thought to be the same person. Hiram Abiff is an allegorical figure mentioned in Masonic ritual, who is figuratively the master of the construction of King Solomons Temple. ... “Freemasons” redirects here. ...

Bob Dylan refers to "kings of Tyrus" in his 1966 ballad, Sad Eyed Lady of the Lowlands. This article is about the recording artist. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ...

In his poem Atlantis, Hart Crane evokes images of Tyre, along with other great cities of antiquity, in comparison to the mythic city in his visionary epic, "The Bridge": Like hails, farewells--up planet-sequined heights/ Some trillion whispering hammers glimmer Tyre:/ Serenly, sharply up the long anvil cry/ Of inchling aeons silence rivets Troy. This article does not cite any references or sources. ...

Tyre is mentioned by Ned Flanders along with Sidon as one of the "twin cities of the holy land" in the Simpsons episode My Sister, My Sitter. Nedward Ned Flanders is a fictional character on The Simpsons, voiced by Harry Shearer. ... View of the new city the Sea Castle. ... Simpsons redirects here. ... My Sister, My Sitter is the seventeenth episode from the eighth season of The Simpsons. ...

Main colonnaded street at Al Mina excavation site Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 632 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - main colonnaded street in Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - glavna kolonada v arheološkem območju Al Mina I took the photo myself Licensing File links The following pages on the English...

Al Mina excavation area - supposed Roman Agora Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x2048, 620 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - Roman Agora (believed to be) at Al Mina excavation area sl: Tir, Libanon - rimska agora (domnevno) v arheološkem območju Al Mina I took the photo myself Licensing File links The following pages...

a typical narrow street in the Christian quarter Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (1536x2048, 586 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - a typical narrow street in the Christian quarter sl: Tir, Libanon - tipična ozka ulica v krščanski četrti I took the photo myself Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia...

Tyre harbour Image File history File linksMetadata Download high-resolution version (2048x1536, 626 KB) Summary en: Tyre, Lebanon - fishing harbour sl: Tir, Libanon - ribiško pristanišče I tookthe photo myself Licensing File links The following pages on the English Wikipedia link to this file (pages on other projects are not listed...

Notable people

• Porphyry (3rd century) Greek philosopher

Porphyry of Tyre (Greek: , c. ... // Overview Events 212: Constitutio Antoniniana grants citizenship to all free Roman men 212-216: Baths of Caracalla 230-232: Sassanid dynasty of Persia launches a war to reconquer lost lands in the Roman east 235-284: Crisis of the Third Century shakes Roman Empire 250-538: Kofun era, the first...

References

The Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, usually referred to as PNAS, is the official journal of the United States National Academy of Sciences. ... A digital object identifier (or DOI) is a standard for persistently identifying a piece of intellectual property on a digital network and associating it with related data, the metadata, in a structured extensible way. ...

External links

• Lebanon, the Cedars' Land: Tyre
• Tyre On EarthSpots.com View Tyre and surrounding area via satellite images & maps
• Tyre entry in historical sourcebook by Mahlon H. Smith with picture of Tyrian silver shekel.

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

Tyre

• List of Kings of Tyre

This entry incorporates text from the public domain Easton's Bible Dictionary, originally published in 1897. Image File history File links Commons-logo. ... This page lists kings of Tyre, an ancient Phoenician city in what is now Lebanon. ... Eastons Bible Dictionary generally refers to the Illustrated Bible Dictionary, Third Edition, by Matthew George Easton M.A., D.D. (1823-1894), published three years after Eastons death in 1897 by Thomas Nelson. ...