Shoulder sleeve patch of the 27th Infantry Division.

The 27th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army in World War I and World War II. Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... Image File history File links File history Legend: (cur) = this is the current file, (del) = delete this old version, (rev) = revert to this old version. ... A piece of fabric. ... The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces which has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machineguns, and poison gas. ... World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrinations, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons like the atom bomb World War II, also known as the Second World War, was by far the bloodiest, most expensive, and most significant war in...

World War I

• Activated: July 1917 (National Guard Division from New York).
• Overseas: Early summer 1918.
• Major Operations: Meuse-Argonne, Ypres-Lys, Somme offensive.
• Casualties: Total 8,334 (KIA-1,442; WIA-6,892).
• Commanders:
  • Maj. Gen. John F. O'Ryan (16 July 1917),
  • Brig. Gen. C. L. Phillips (19 September 1917),
  • Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan (6 December 1917),
  • Brig. Gen. C. L. Phillips (23 December 1917),
  • Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan (29 December 1917),
  • Brig. Gen. C. L. Phillips (22 February 1918),
  • Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan (1 March 1918),
  • Brig. Gen. Palmer E. Pierce (16 June 1918),
  • Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan (18 June 1918),
  • Brig. Gen. Palmer E. Pierce (14 November 1918),
  • Maj. Gen. J. F. O'Ryan (23 November 1918).
• Inactivated: April 1919.

1917 was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1918 was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was a major battle of World War I. It was the biggest operation and victory of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in that war. ... KIA is a three-letter acronym (TLA) for killed in action. ... WIA is a three letter abbreviation meaning Wounded in action. ... 1919 was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

World War II

• Activated: 15 October 1940.
• Overseas: 10 March 1942.
• Campaigns: Various elements participated in several campaigns in the Pacific but not the entire division.
• Distinguished Unit Citations: 2.
• Awards: MH-3 ; DSC-21 ; DSM-2 ; SS-412 ; LM-15; SM-13 ; BSM-986 ; AM-9.
• Commanders:
  • Maj. Gen. William N. Haskell (October 1940–October 1941),
  • Brig. Gen. Ralph McT. Pennell (November 1941–October 1942),
  • Maj. Gen. Ralph C. Smith (November 1942–May 1944),
  • Maj. Gen. George W. Griner, Jr. (June 1944–December 1945).
• Returned to U.S.: 15 December 1945.
• Inactivated: 31 December 1945.

October 15 is the 288th day of the year (289th in Leap years). ... 1940 was a leap year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... March 10 is the 69th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (70th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... The Pacific Theater of Operations (PTO) is the term used in the United States for all military activity in the Pacific Ocean and the countries bordering it, in World War II. Pacific War is a more common name, around the world, for the broader conflict between the Allies and Japan... This article is about the military award; for the computer game, see Medal of Honor (computer game). ... The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is the second highest military decoration of the United States Army which is awarded for extreme gallantry and risk of life in actual combat with an armed enemy force. ... This article concerns the United States Army Distinguished Service Medal. ... The Silver Star is a United States military award which is presented to any person who, while serving in any capacity with the United States Armed Forces, is cited for gallantry in action against an enemy of the United States while engaged in military operations involving conflict with an opposing... The Legion of Merit is a military decoration of the United States armed forces which is awarded for exceptionally meritorious conduct in the performance of outstanding services and achievements. ... The Bronze Star Medal is a United States Armed Forces individual military decoration and is the fourth highest award for bravery, heroism or meritorious service. ... December 15 is the 349th day of the year (350th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... December 31 is the 365th day of the year (366th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

Combat Chronicle

The 27th Infantry Division arrived in Hawaii, 21 May 1942, to defend the outer islands from amphibious attack. Elements of the Division first saw action in the attack and capture of Makin Atoll in the Gilbert Islands, 21–24 November 1943. One battalion of the 106th Regiment participated in the attack on Eniwetok Atoll, 19–26 February 1944, returning to Oahu in March. During this mission, one battalion landed unopposed on Majuro Island, 1 February, and completed its seizure, 3 February. The Division began preparations for the Marianas operations, 15 March. On D-day plus 1, 16 June 1944, elements landed at night on Saipan to support the Second and Fourth Marine Divisions. A bridgehead was established and Aslito Airfield captured, 18 June. Fighting continued throughout June. During a pitched battle, 7 July, Japanese overran elements of the Division in a banzai attack, but organized resistance was crushed the next day. During the months of July and August, the 27th cleaned out isolated pockets in the mountains and cliffs of Saipan. State nickname: The Aloha State Other U.S. States Capital Honolulu Largest city Honolulu Governor Linda Lingle (R) Official languages Hawaiian and English Area 28,337 km² (43rd)  - Land 16,649 km²  - Water 11,672 km² (41. ... May 21 is the 141st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (142nd in leap years). ... Battle of Makin Conflict World War II, Pacific War Date 20 November 1943 – 24 November 1943 Place Makin Atoll, United States Japan Commanders Richmond K. Turner Ralph C. Smith ? Strength 6,470 400 troops, 400 labourers Casualties 66 killed, 185 wounded 700 killed, 3 Japanese captured, 101 Korean labourers captured... The Gilbert Islands are a chain of 16 atolls and coral islands in the Pacific Ocean, part of the nation Kiribati. ... November 24 is the 328th day (329th on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1943 is a common year starting on Friday. ... In military terminology, a battalion consists of two to six companies typically commanded by a lieutenant colonel. ... Battle of Eniwetok Conflict World War II, Pacific War Date 17 February 1944 – 23 February 1944 Place Eniwetok Atoll, United States Japan Commanders Harry W. Hill Yoshimi Nishida Strength 2 regiments 2,000+ Casualties 339 killed or missing, 757 wounded 2,000+ dead, 16 captured The Battle of Eniwetok was... February 26 is the 57th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1944 was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Island of Oahu. ... Majuro, population 25,400 (as of 2004), is sometimes mentioned as the capital of the Republic of the Marshall Islands. ... February 1 is the 32nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... March 15 is the 74th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (75th in Leap years). ... Land on Normandy In military parlance, D-Day is a term often used to denote the day on which a combat attack or operation is to be initiated. ... June 16 is the 167th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (168th in leap years), with 198 days remaining. ... The battle of Saipan was a battle of the Pacific campaign of World War II, fought on the island of Saipan in the Mariana Islands from 15 June 1944 to 9 July 1944. ... The U.S. 2nd Marine Division is a division of the United States Marine Corps, which forms the ground-force component of the II Marine Expeditionary Force. ... The U.S. 4th Marine Division is a division of the United States Marine Corps. ... June 18 is the 169th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (170th in leap years), with 196 days remaining. ... July 7 is the 188th day of the year (189th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 177 days remaining. ... Saipan (IPA: in English) is the largest island and site of the capital of the United States Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands, (a chain of 14 tropical islands in the western Pacific Ocean) with a total area of 120 km² (46. ...

Beginning in the middle of August, the Division moved to the New Hebrides for rest and rehabilitation. On 25 March 1945, the 27th sailed from Espiritu Santo, arriving at Okinawa, 9 April 1945. The Division participated in the XXIV Corps general attack, 19 April 1945, securing a dominating ridge line south of Machinato and Kakazu. Machinato Airfield was captured, 28 April, after a severe struggle. On 1 May, the Division was relieved by the 1st Marine Division and attached to the Island Command for garrison duty. Tori Shima was seized, 12 May, without opposition. The 27th attacked from the south end of Ishikawa Isthmus to sweep the northern sector of Okinawa. The enemy fought bitterly on Onnatake Hill from 23 May until 2 June, before losing the strong point. After a mopping-up period, the Division left Okinawa, 7 September 1945, moved to Japan and occupied Niigata and Fukushima Prefectures. The New Hebrides are an island group in the South Pacific that now form the nation of Vanuatu. ... March 25 is the 84th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (85th in leap years). ... 1945 was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... Espiritu Santo (Spanish: Holy Ghost) is is the largest island in the nation of Vanuatu. ... The Battle of Okinawa, fought on the island of Okinawa in the Ryukyu Islands (south of the four big islands of Japan) was the largest amphibious assault during the Pacific campaign of World War II. It was the largest sea-land-air battle in history, running from April through June... April 9 is the 99th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (100th in leap years). ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... April 28 is the 118th day of the year (119th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 247 days remaining. ... May 1 is the 121st day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (122nd in leap years). ... The 1st Marine Division is the oldest, largest (active duty), and most decorated division-sized unit in the United States Marine Corps representing a combat-ready force of more than 19,000 men and women. ... May 12 is the 132nd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (133rd in leap years). ... This article is about the prefecture. ... May 23 is the 143rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (144th in leap years). ... 2 June is the 153rd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (154th in leap years), with 212 days remaining. ... September 7 is the 250th day of the year (251st in leap years). ... Niigata Prefecture (新潟県; Niigata-ken) is located on Honshu island, Japan. ... Fukushima Prefecture (福島県 Fukushima-ken) is located in the Tohoku region on Honshu island, Japan. ...

General

• Nickname: New York.
• Shoulder patch: Khaki-bordered circle with black background and within a red circle the letters "NY" worked into a monogram; with the red circle are stars depicting Orion, from "O'Ryan", the name of the Division's WWI commander.

State nickname: Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York Governor George Pataki (R) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 km² (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water 18,795 km² (13. ... Orion, a constellation often referred to as The Hunter, is a prominent constellation, perhaps the best-known in the sky. ...

References

• The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950 reproduced at CMH.

External links

• http://www.oryansroughnecks.org/jfobio.html
• http://www.diggerhistory.info/pages-battles/ww1/france/yank.htm