US 78th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia

US 78th Infantry Division Distinctive Unit Insignia

The 78th Infantry Division was a unit of the United States Army which served in World War I and World War II. Image File history File links 78IDSSI.gif US 78th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia. ... Image File history File links 78IDSSI.gif US 78th Infantry Division Shoulder Sleeve Insignia. ... Image File history File links 78IDDUI.gif US 78th Infantry Division Distinctive Unit Insignia. ... Image File history File links 78IDDUI.gif US 78th Infantry Division Distinctive Unit Insignia. ... A military unit is an organisation within an armed force. ... US Army Seal HHC, US Army Distinctive Unit Insignia The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces that has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machine guns, and poison gas. ... World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atom bomb. ...

World War I

The 78th Infantry Division of the United States Army was activated on August 23, 1917 at Camp Dix, New Jersey. It consisted of four Infantry Regiments - the 309th, 310th, 311th and 312th and three Artillery Regiments - the 307th, 308th and 309th. US Army Seal HHC, US Army Distinctive Unit Insignia The Army is the branch of the United States armed forces that has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... Fort Dix is a census-designated place located in Burlington County, New Jersey. ... State nickname: The Garden State Official languages None defined Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Governor Richard Codey (D) Acting, Outgoing Jon Corzine (D) (Governor-Elect) Senators Jon Corzine (D) (Outgoing) Frank Lautenberg (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 47th 22,608 km² 14. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... A regiment is a military unit, larger than a company and smaller than a division. ... Historically, artillery refers to any engine used for the discharge of projectiles during war. ...

The Division was originally allocated to New York and northern Pennsylvania in the National Army plan. Whilst the HQ of the 78th Division was activated in August, with the first draftees arriving in September, it was not fully active until early 1918. It was transported to France in May and June of 1918. The National Army was the combined conscript and volunteer force that was was formed by the United States War Department in 1918 to fight in World War I. The National Army was formed from the old corps of the United States Army, augmented by units of the United States National...

In France, during the summer and fall of 1918, it was the "point of the wedge" of the final offensive which knocked out Germany. The 78th was in three major campaigns during World War I - Meuse-Argonne, St. Mihiel, and Lorraine. Demobilization at the end of the war took place in June 1919. World War I was primarily a European conflict with many facets: immense human sacrifice, stalemate trench warfare, and the use of new, devastating weapons - tanks, aircraft, machine guns, and poison gas. ... The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was a major battle of World War I. It was the biggest operation and victory of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in that war. ... The Battle of Saint-Mihiel was a World War I battle fought between September 12 - 15, 1918, involving the American Expeditionary Force and a number of French troops under the command of U.S. general John J. Pershing against German positions. ... Lorraine can refer to: the historical independent duchy and later French province of Lorraine: see Lorraine (province). ...

HQ, 78th Division was returned to the Organized Reserve List, and reallocated to the Second US Corps in Spring of 1921, with its area of allocation changed to New Jersey and Delaware.

• Activated: 27 August 1917.
• Overseas: May 1918.
• Major Operations: Meuse-Argonne, St. Mihiel.
• Casualties: Total-7,144 (KIA-1,169; WIA-5,975).
• Commanders: Maj. Gen. C. W. Kennedy (23 August 1917), Brig. Gen. J. S. Mallory (28 November 1917), Brig. Gen. James T. Dean (28 December 1917), Maj. Gen. Hugh L. Scott (2 January 1918), Brig. Gen. James T. Dean (16 March 1918), Maj. Gen. J. H. McRae (20 April 1918).
• Inactivated: June 1919.

August 27 is the 239th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (240th in leap years), with 126 days remaining. ... 1917 (MCMXVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Tuesday of the Julian calendar. ... 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... The Meuse-Argonne Offensive was a major battle of World War I. It was the biggest operation and victory of the American Expeditionary Force (AEF) in that war. ... The Battle of Saint-Mihiel was a World War I battle fought between September 12 - 15, 1918, involving the American Expeditionary Force and a number of French troops under the command of U.S. general John J. Pershing against German positions. ... Military casualties suffered by the United States of America in war or deployments: * Some reported KIA may have been held as POWs[1] ** Does not include nearly 8,000 listed as MIA. See also: Military history of the United States, Dover test External links Fact Sheet on American Wars... August 23 is the 235th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (236th in leap years), with 130 days remaining. ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 28 is the 362nd day of the year (363rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 3 days remaining. ... January 2 is the second day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in Leap years). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (see link for calendar). ...

World War II

In World War II, the 78th Division was reactivated at Camp Butner, North Carolina on August 15, 1942. It was designated as a Replacement Pool Division on October 1, 1942, and remained in this assignment until March 1, 1943, when the 78th Division was restored to field duty, and to its training regimen. 78th Division moved to the Carolina Maneuver Area on November 15, 1943 to test its training, and then returned to Camp Butner on December 7, 1943. The personnel then went on Christmas Leave, and deployed to the Tennessee Maneuver Area on January 25, 1944, where they participated in the 5th Second Army Tennessee Maneuvers. They then moved to Camp Picket, VA, where they filled their TO&E, then deployed to the Staging Area at Camp Kilmer, NJ on October 4, 1944. World War II was a truly global conflict with many facets: immense human suffering, fierce indoctrination, and the use of new, extremely devastating weapons such as the atom bomb. ... State nickname: Tar Heel State; Old North State Other U.S. States Capital Raleigh Largest city Charlotte Governor Michael Easley (D) Senators Elizabeth Dole (R) Richard Burr (R) Official language(s) English Area 139,509 km² (28th)  - Land 126,256 km²  - Water 13,227 km² (9. ... August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in Leap years). ... This article is about the year. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... November 15 is the 319th day of the year (320th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 46 days remaining. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1943 (MCMXLIII) is a common year starting on Friday. ... January 25 is the 25th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... October 4 is the 277th day of the year (278th in Leap years). ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After two years as a Training Division, the 78th embarked for the European Theatre from the New York POE on October 14, 1944, whereapon they sailed for England. They arrived on October 26, 1944, and after further training crossed to France on November 22, 1944. German Führer Adolf Hitler Preceding events Main article: Events preceding World War II in Europe Main article: Causes of World War II Germany was in debt after World War I, due to the Great Depression and the forced payments to the victors of World War I. Germans wanted a leader... October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in Leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... Wikimedia Commons has media related to: England Inter. ... October 26 is the 299th day of the year (300th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 66 days remaining. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... November 22 is the 326th day (327th on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ...

After landing in France, the division moved to Tongeren, Belgium on November 27, 1944, and to Rotgen, Germany on December 7, 1944, to prepare for combat. The 311th Infantry Regiment was attached to the 8th Armored Division in the Hurtgen Forest, 10 December. The 309th and 310th Infantry Regiments relieved elements of the 1st Division in the line in the vicinity of Entenpfuhl, 1-12 December. On the 13th these regiments smashed into Simmerath, Witzerath, and Bickerath and were fighting for Kesternich when Gerd von Rundstedt launched his counteroffensive in the Monschau area, on 18 December. Tongeren is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Limburg near Hasselt. ... November 27 is the 331st day (332nd on leap years) of the year. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... December 7 is the 341st day (342nd in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The 8th Armored Division was an armored division of the United States Army that served on World War II. History The 8th Armored Division was activated on 1 April 1942. ... Map of Hürtgenwald and vicinity Battle of Hurtgen Forest (German: Schlacht im Hürtgenwald) is name given to series of fierce battles fought between the Americans and the Germans during World War II in the Hürtgen forest (or Huertgen forest), afterwards known to both Americans and Germans simply... December 10 is the 344th day (345th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Shoulder Patch of the United States Army 1st Infantry Division. ... (Redirected from 1 December) December 1 is the 335th (in leap years the 336th) day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 12 is the 346th day (347th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... (Redirected from 13 December) December 13 is the 347th day of the year (348th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Generalfeldmarschall Gerd von Rundstedt Karl Rudolf Gerd von Rundstedt (December 12, 1875 - February 24, 1953) was a Field Marshal of the German Army during World War II. He remains known as one of Germanys best generals, as well as for being apolitical throughout his career. ... December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ...

The 78th held the area it had taken from the Siegfried Line against the violent German attacks throughout the winter. The Division attacked, 30 January 1945, and took Kesternich, 2 February, the town of Schmidt on the 8th, and captured intact the vital Schwammanauel Dam the next day. In the advance, the Roer River was crossed, 28 February, and the Division joined the offensive of the First and Ninth Armies toward the Rhine. That river was crossed over the Ludendorff Bridge at Remagen, 8 March, by the 310th Regiment, the first troops to cross in the wake of the 9th Armored Division. That unit, attached to the 9th Armored and acting as a motorized unit had driven across Germany capturing Euskirchen, Rheinbach, and Bad Neuenahr. The 78th expanded the bridgehead, taking Honnef and cutting part of the Autobahn, 16 March. From 2 April to 8 May, the Division was active in the reduction of the Ruhr Pocket and at VE-day was stationed near Marburg. The Division remained on occupation duty in Germany until it was deactivated on May 22, 1946. Bunker on the Siegfried line The original Siegfried line was a line of defensive forts and tank defences built by Germany along their border with France in 1916-1917 during World War I. However, in English, Siegfried line more commonly refers to the similar World War II defensive line, built... January 30 is the 30th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 8 is the 39th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Rur (-German, in Dutch: Roer, not to be confused with the Ruhr) is a river in Belgium, Germany and the Netherlands. ... February 28 is the 59th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Shoulder Sleeve Insignia of the U.S. First Army. ... Shoulder sleeve insignia of the U.S. Ninth Army. ... At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (German Rhein, French Rhin, Dutch Rijn, Romansch: Rein, Italian: Reno) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... Remagen is a city in Germany in the Bundesland of Rhineland-Palatinate in the south of Bonn at the Rhine river. ... March 8 is the 67th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (68th in Leap years). ... Shoulder sleeve patch of the United States Army 9th Armored Division. ... Euskirchen is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, capital of the district Euskirchen. ... A bridgehead is literally a military fortification that protects the end of a bridge that is closest to the enemy. ... Bad Honnef is a spa town in Germany near Bonn in the Rhein-Sieg district, North Rhine-Westphalia. ... The German and Austria autobahn sign The Swiss autobahn sign Autobahn (pronounced in IPA) is the German word for a major high-speed road confined to motor vehicles and having full control of access, similar to a motorway or freeway in English-speaking countries. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in Leap years). ... 2 April is the 92nd day of the year (93rd in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 273 days remaining. ... May 8 is the 128th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (129th in leap years). ... The Ruhr Pocket was a battle that took place at the end of World War II in the Ruhr Area, Germany. ... Victory in Europe Day (V-E Day or VE Day) was May 8, 1945, the date when the Allies during the Second World War formally celebrated the defeat of Nazi Germany and the end of Adolf Hitlers Third Reich. ... Marburg is a city in Hesse, Germany, on the Lahn river. ... May 22 is the 142nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (143rd in leap years). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ...

World War II Troop List

• Maneuver Regiments
  • 309th Infantry Regiment
  • 310th Infantry Regiment
  • 311th Infantry Regiment

• Division Artillery
  • 307th Field Artillery Battalion [105mm]
  • 308th Field Artillery Battalion [105mm]
  • 309th Field Artillery Battalion [155mm]
  • 903rd Field Artillery Battalion [105mm]

• Additional Assigned Units
  • 78th Cavalry Reconnaissance Troop [Mech]
  • 78th CIC Detachment
  • 78th Signal Company
  • 78th Quartermaster Company
  • 78th Military Police Platoon
  • 303rd Engineer Battalion [CBT]
  • 303rd Medical Battalion
  • 778th Ordnance Company [LM]
  • HQ Co, 78th Infantry Division
  • HQ 78th ID Special Troops
  • HHB, 78th ID Artillery

• Attachments
  • 552nd Antiaircraft Artillery Battalion [AW] [12/20/1944 - after VE day]
  • 628th Tank Destroyer Battalion [12/19/1944 - 12/23/1944]
  • 709th Tank Battalion [12/10/1944 - 01/25/1945]
  • 736th Tank Battalion [01/25/1945 - 02/01/1945]
  • 774th Tank Battalion [02/03/1945 - 02/24/1945]
  • 817th Tank Destroyer Battalion [12/01/1944 - 12/06/1944]
  • 893rd Tank Destroyer Battalion [12/11/1944 - after VE day]

Assignments in the European Theater of Operations

• 9 November 1944: Ninth Army, 12th Army Group.
• 28 November 1944: XIX Corps.
• 5 December 1944: V Corps, First Army, 12th Army Group.
• 18 December 1944: VII Corps.
• 20 December 1944: Attached, with the entire First Army, to the British 21st Army Group.
• 22 December 1944: XIX Corps, Ninth Army (attached to the British 21st Army Group), 12th Army Group.
• 2 February 1945: V Corps, First Army, 12th Army Group.
• 3 February 1945: XVIII (Abn) Corps.
• 12 February 1945: III Corps.
• 16 March 1945: VII Corps.
• 3 April 1945: XVIII (Abn) Corps.
• 19 April 1945: First Army, 12th Army Group.
• 22 May 1946: Deactivated

The European Theater of Operations, or ETO, was the term used by the United States in World War II to refer to most United States military activity in Europe north of the Mediterranean coast. ... November 9 is the 313th day of the year (314th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar, with 52 days remaining. ... (Redirected from 12th Army Group) The 12th Army Group was the largest and most powerful American formation ever to take to the field. ... November 28 is the 332nd day (333rd on leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 5 is the 339th day (340th in leap years) of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... December 18 is the 352nd day of the year (353rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... December 20 is the 354th day of the year (355th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... The British 21st Army Group was an important Allied force in the European Theatre of World War II. Commanded by Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery it initially controlled all ground forces in Operation Overlord. ... December 22 is the 356th day of the year (357th in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 2 is the 33rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 3 is the 34th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... February 12 is the 43rd day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... March 16 is the 75th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (76th in Leap years). ... April 3 is the 93rd day of the year (94th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 272 days remaining. ... April 19 is the 109th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (110th in leap years). ... May 22 is the 142nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (143rd in leap years). ...

Summary

• Activated: 15 August 1942.
• Overseas: 14 October 1944.
• Campaigns: Rhineland, Ardennes-Alsace, Central Europe.
• Days of combat: 125.
• Distinguished Unit Citations: 4.
• Commanders: Maj. Gen. Edwin P Parker, Jr. (August 1942-November 1945), Maj. Gen. Ray W. Barker (January 1946 to inactivation).
• Inactivated: 22 May 1946 in Europe.

The World War II Honor Roll lists: one Medal of Honor winner (Jonah Edward Kelly, of the 311th Infantry); nine Distinguished Service Crosses; 599 Silver Star medals; 3,909 Bronze Star medals and 5,454 Purple Hearts. 1,368 officers and enlisted men had perished. August 15 is the 227th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (228th in leap years), with 138 days remaining. ... This article is about the year. ... October 14 is the 287th day of the year (288th in Leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Battle of the Siegfried Line was one of the final Allied campaigns1 of World War II of the Western European Campaign and details the fights on and around the Siegfried Line. ... The Ardennes Offensive, which was actually known to the Germans as Operation Wacht Am Rhein, was also known as Second Battle of the Ardennes and popularly known as the Battle of the Bulge, started in late December 1944 and was the last major German offensive on the Western Front during... 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (link will take you to calendar). ... 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... May 22 is the 142nd day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (143rd in leap years). ... A satellite composite image of Europe Europe is the worlds second-smallest continent in terms of area, with an area of 10,600,000 km² (4,140,625 square miles), making it larger than Australia only. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Silver Star is a United States military decoration and is the third highest medal for valor. ... The Bronze Star Medal is a United States Armed Forces individual military decoration and is the fourth highest award for bravery, heroism or meritorious service. ... The Purple Heart is a U.S. military decoration awarded in the name of the President of the United States to those who have been wounded or killed while serving in, or with, the U.S. military after April 5, 1917. ...

• Unit Casualty Tally

• KIA: 1,427
• WIA: 6,103
• DOW: 198

Post-war service

In November 1946, the 78th Infantry Division was reactivated at Newark, New Jersey and in May 1959 it was reorganized as a Training Division. 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... Skyline of downtown Newark as seen from the Newark Bay Bridge. ... 1959 (MCMLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

The 78th Division again responded to the nation's call in 1990 and 1991 when the 920th Transportation Company (Medium, Petroleum) was deployed to Southwest Asia to support operations in Desert Storm. The 1018th Reception Battalion, the 2nd Brigade OSUT Headquarters, and the 1st and 3rd Battalion of the 310th Regiment as well as the 1st Brigade's 3rd Battalion, 309th Regiment with a composite detachment from the 78th Training Support Brigade, provided assistance in necessary Training Base Expansion at Fort Dix. The 348th MP Detachment conducted protective service missions for key national leaders throughout the world during the mobilization period. In addition, many individuals from the 78th served as "fillers" in other deployed units.. Southwest Asia (PDF) Southwest Asia (often called the Middle East) is the southwestern part of Asia. ... See also: 2003 invasion of Iraq and Gulf War (disambiguation) C Company, 1st Battalion, The Staffordshire Regiment, 1st UK Armoured Division The Persian Gulf War was a conflict between Iraq and a coalition force of 34 nations led by the United States. ... Fort Dix is a census-designated place located in Burlington County, New Jersey. ...

In 1992, the Division transformed into an Exercise Division under the Army's "Bold Shift" initiative. The new mission is to conduct small unit collective training (Lanes) and computerized battle simulation exercises for client units in the First Army East area.

One of five Exercise Divisons in the United States, the 78th Division is headquartered at Edison, New Jersey with subordinate units located in New Jersey, Rhode Island, Massachusetts, Virginia, Maryland, Pennsylvania and New York. The Edison Memorial Tower, one of Edison Townships notable landmarks. ... State nickname: The Garden State Official languages None defined Capital Trenton Largest city Newark Governor Richard Codey (D) Acting, Outgoing Jon Corzine (D) (Governor-Elect) Senators Jon Corzine (D) (Outgoing) Frank Lautenberg (D) Area  - Total  - % water Ranked 47th 22,608 km² 14. ... State nickname: The Ocean State, Little Rhody Other U.S. States Capital Providence Largest city Providence Governor Donald Carcieri (R) Senators Jack Reed (D) Lincoln Chafee (R) Official language(s) None Area 4,005 km² (50th)  - Land 2,709 km²  - Water 1,296 km² (32. ... State nickname: Bay State Other U.S. States Capital Boston Largest city Boston Governor Mitt Romney (R) Senators Edward Kennedy (D) John Kerry (D) Official language(s) English Area 27,360 km² (44th)  - Land 20,317 km²  - Water 7,043 km² (25. ... State nickname: Old Dominion Other U.S. States Capital Richmond Largest city Virginia Beach Governor Mark R. Warner (D) Tim Kaine (D-Governor Elect) Senators John Warner (R) George Allen (R) Official language(s) English Area 110,862 km² (35th)  - Land 102,642 km²  - Water 8,220 km² (7. ... State nickname: Old Line State; Free State Other U.S. States Capital Annapolis Largest city Baltimore Governor Robert L. Ehrlich (R) Senators Paul Sarbanes (D) Barbara Mikulski (D) Official language(s) English Area 32,160 km² (42nd)  - Land 25,338 km²  - Water 6,968 km² (21%) Population (2000)  - Population 5... State nickname: The Keystone State Other U.S. States Capital Harrisburg Largest city Philadelphia Governor Ed Rendell (D) Senators Arlen Specter (R) Rick Santorum (R) Official language(s) None Area 119,283 km² (33rd)  - Land 116,074 km²  - Water 3,208 km² (2. ... State nickname: The Empire State Other U.S. States Capital Albany Largest city New York City Governor George Pataki (R) Senators Charles Schumer (D) Hillary Rodham Clinton (D) Official languages None (English is de facto) Area 141,205 km² or 54,556 square miles (27th)  - Land 122,409 km²  - Water...

General

• Nickname: Lightning Division
• Slogan: Audaciter (Boldly)

Shoulder Sleeve Insignia

• Description: On a red semi-disc 3 inches (7.62cm) in diameter, a white bolt of lightning from sinister chief to dexter base, all within a 1/8 inch (.32cm) green border.

• Symbolism: The lightning flash on the red background alludes to the combat record of the division likened to a "bolt of lightning…" and to its designation as the "Lightning Division."

• Background: The shoulder sleeve insignia was originally approved for the 78th Division on 27 May 1922. It was retained for the 78th Division (Training) on 11 Sep 1959. The insignia was redesignated on 1 Oct 1993 for the 78th Division (Exercise) and the description revised to provide metric measurements. The insignia was redesignated for the 78th Division (Training Support) on 17 Oct 1999.

Distinctive Unit Insignia

• Description: A gold color metal and enamel device 1 3/16 inches (3.02cm) in height overall, consisting of a white enamel alerion on a scarlet enamel disc centered upon a blue enamel equilateral triangle with notched sides, all in front of two white enamel lightning flashes in a V form contained at top and bottom by a continuous scarlet scroll inscribed below with the word "AUDACITER" in gold.

• Symbolism: The white alerion on scarlet is from the arms of Lorraine Province in France where the organization served in three World War I campaigns. In World War II, the unit participated in the Ardennes-Alsace, Rhineland and Central Europe campaigns indicated by the three points, in the color blue for Infantry and for the area of the Rhine River. The white flashes and the red of the scroll allude to the Division shoulder sleeve insignia.

• Background: The distinctive unit insignia was originally approved for the 78th Division (Training) on 21 Dec 1971. It was redesignated on 1 Oct 1993 for the 78th Division (Exercise) and the description revised to provide metric measurements. On 17 Oct 1999 the insignia was redesignated for the 78th Division (Training Support).

Lorraine coat of arms Lorraine (French: Lorraine; German: Lothringen) is a historical area in present-day northeast France. ... The Rhineland (Rheinland in German) is the general name for the land on both sides of the river Rhine in the west of Germany. ... Historical lands and provinces in Central Europe Central Europe is the region lying between the variously and vaguely defined areas of Eastern and Western Europe. ... This article needs to be cleaned up to conform to a higher standard of quality. ... The Rhine canyon (Ruinaulta) in Graubünden in Switzerland Length 1. ...

References

• The Army Almanac: A Book of Facts Concerning the Army of the United States U.S. Government Printing Office, 1950 reproduced at

http://www.army.mil/cmh-pg/lineage/cc/cc.htm.

• ORDER OF BATTLE: U.S. ARMY WORLD WAR II; Edited by Shelby L. Stanton from War Department Archives, 1984. ISBN 0-89141-195-X
• United States Army Instute of Heraldry
• Lightning, The History Of The 78th Infantry Division - ISBN 0898392993
• Lightning: The Story of the 78th Infantry Division
• The 78th Division Veterans Assoc.
• My Dad Goes to War
• Desperate Hours at Kesternich