Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) is the largest and primary investigative arm of the United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) and is responsible for identifying, investigating, and dismantling vulnerabilities regarding the nation's border, economic, transportation, and infrastructure security. ICE, headquartered in Washington, D.C. is charged with the investigation and enforcement of over 400 federal statutes within the United States and maintains attaches at major U.S. embassies overseas. Consequently, ICE Special Agents possess the broadest investigative authority within the United States Government. ^{[1] [2] [3]} March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... Year 2003 (MMIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... DHS redirects here. ... Julie L. Myers is the Assistant Secretary of Homeland Security for Immigration and Customs Enforcement. ... DHS redirects here. ... For other uses, see Washington, D.C. (disambiguation). ... Special Agent is the United States governments title for a detective or investigator of the Series 0081 in the Office of Personnel Management or OPM handbook. ...

ICE is led by an Assistant Secretary who is appointed at the sub-cabinet level by the President of the United States, confirmed by the U.S. Senate, and reports directly to the Secretary of Homeland Security. ^[4] The mission of ICE is to protect America and uphold public safety by targeting the people, money and materials that support terrorist and criminal activities. The motto of ICE is Integrity, Courage, and Excellence. Federal courts Supreme Court Circuit Courts of Appeal District Courts Elections Presidential elections Midterm elections Political Parties Democratic Republican Third parties State & Local government Governors Legislatures (List) State Courts Local Government Other countries Atlas  US Government Portal      For other uses, see President of the United States (disambiguation). ... The United States Senate is the upper house of the U.S. Congress, smaller than the United States House of Representatives. ... The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ...

History

ICE Special Agents seizing narcotics during an arrest

Immigration and Customs Enforcement was formed pursuant to the Homeland Security Act of 2002 following the events of September 11, 2001. With the establishment of the Department of Homeland Security the functions and jurisdictions of several border and revenue enforcement agencies were combined and consolidated into Immigration and Customs Enforcement. Consequently, ICE is the largest investigative arm of the Department of Homeland Security, and the second largest contributor to the nation's Joint Terrorism Task Force after the Federal Bureau of Investigation.^[5] Image File history File links Size of this preview: 504 × 307 pixelsFull resolution (504 × 307 pixel, file size: 147 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Public Domain. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 504 × 307 pixelsFull resolution (504 × 307 pixel, file size: 147 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Public Domain. ... The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a Cabinet department of the federal government of the United States that is concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ... The Joint Terrorism Task Force is a section of the United States Federal Bureau of Investigation charged with taking action against terrorism. ... F.B.I. and FBI redirect here. ...

The agencies that were either moved entirely or merged in part into ICE included the investigative and intelligence resources of the United States Customs Service, the law enforcement resources of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, and the United States Federal Protective Service. Consequently, ICE is also charged with the protection of federal buildings within the United States. The United States Customs Service (now part of U.S. Customs and Border Protection or CBP) was the portion of the US Federal Government dedicated to keeping illegal products outside of US borders. ... The United States Immigration and Naturalization Service (INS) was a part of the United States Department of Justice which used to handle legal and illegal immigration and naturalization. ... Federal Protective Service vehicle. ...

Organization

Immigration and Customs Enforcement is responsible for identifying and eliminating border, economic, transportation, and infrastructure security vulnerabilities. The ICE organization is composed of four law enforcement divisions and several support divisions each headed by a director who reports to a Deputy Assistant Secretary.^[6] The divisions of ICE combine to form a new investigative approach with new resources to provide unparalleled investigation, interdiction and security services to the public and other law enforcement partners in the federal and local sectors

• Office of Investigations - OI uses its broad legal authority to investigate and combat a range of issues that threaten the national security of the United States such as strategic crimes, human rights violations, human smuggling, human trafficking, narcotics, weapons and other types of smuggling (including weapons of mass destruction), immigration crimes, gang investigations, financial crimes, terrorism, cybercrimes, and import/export enforcement issues. ICE Special Agents also conduct investigations aimed at protecting critical infrastructure industries that are vulnerable to sabotage, attack or exploitation. ^[7] Furthermore, select ICE Special Agents are cross-trained and certified to perform Secret Service protective details assisting with guarding the President, Vice-President, or major candidates and their families ^[8] as well as fly Federal Air Marshal missions when the need arrises.

• Office of Intelligence - The Office of Intelligence uses its Intelligence Research Specialists for the collection, analysis, and dissemination of strategic and tactical intelligence data for use by the operational elements of ICE and DHS. Consequently, the Office of Intelligence works closely with the Central Intelligence Agency and the Federal Bureau of Investigation.

• Office of Detention and Removal - DRO is responsible for enforcing the nation's immigration laws and ensuring the departure of all removable aliens from the United States. DRO uses its Immigration Enforcement Agents (IEA) to interdict, apprehend, and remove criminal aliens found in the nation's jails and prisons. As such, IEAs are the uniformed presence of immigration enforcement within the interior of the United States. IEAs also are responsible for the transportation and detention of aliens in ICE custody. DRO uses its Deportation Officers to prosecute aliens for illegal re-entry after deportation, monitor cases during deportation proceedings, supervise released aliens who are subject to deportation, and removing aliens from the United States. ^[9] Deportation Officers and IEAs also operate strategically placed Fugitive Operations Teams whose function is to locate, apprehend, and remove aliens who absconded from immigration proceedings and remain in the United States with an outstanding Warrant of Deportation. DRO custody management consists of a partnership with the U.S. Marshals Service in operating JPATS, the Justice Prisoner and Alien Transportation System, otherwise known as Con-Air to remove criminal aliens from the United States.^[10]

• Office of Federal Protective Service - ICE/FPS is responsible for policing, securing and ensuring a safe environment in which federal agencies can conduct their business by reducing threats posed against the more than 8,800 federal government facilities nationwide. FPS employs over 2000 police officers and over 15000 contract security guards to perform their mission.^[11]

• Office of the Principal Legal Advisor - OPLA provides legal advice, training and services to support the ICE mission and defends the interests of the United States in the administrative and federal courts.

• Office of Professional Responsibility - OPR is responsible for investigating allegations of misconduct involving employees of ICE and Customs and Border Protection (CBP). OPR preserves the organizational integrity of Immigration and Customs Enforcement by impartially, independently and thoroughly investigating allegations of criminal or serious administrative misconduct by ICE and CBP employees worldwide. Additionally, OPR inspects and reviews ICE offices, operations and processes so as to provide executive management with independent reviews of the agency's organizational health. In this role, OPR assesses the effectiveness and efficiency of ICE in carrying out its mission.

Security measures taken to protect the Houses of Parliament in London, England. ... People smuggling is a term which is used to describe transportation of people across international borders to a non-official entry point of a destination country for financial gain. ... The term narcotic, derived from the Greek word for stupor, originally referred to a variety of substances that induced sleep (such state is narcosis). ... This article does not cite any references or sources. ... Terrorist redirects here. ... Special Agent is the United States governments title for a detective or investigator of the Series 0081 in the Office of Personnel Management or OPM handbook. ... Because of both the secrecy of secret services and the controversial nature of the issues involved, there is some difficulty in separating the definitions of secret service, secret police, intelligence agency etc. ... President is a title held by many leaders of organizations, companies, trade unions, universities, and countries. ... A vice president is an officer in government or business who is next in rank below a president. ... The Federal Air Marshal Service is a U.S. federal agency. ... Intelligence (abbreviated or ) is the process and the result of gathering information and analyzing it to answer questions or obtain advance warnings needed to plan for the future. ... “CIA” redirects here. ... F.B.I. and FBI redirect here. ... Deportation is the expelling of someone from a country. ... The United States Marshals Service, part of the United States Department of Justice, is the United States oldest federal law enforcement agency. ... A US Marshal on a Con Air flight. ... Federal Protective Service vehicle. ... This article describes the government of the United States. ... A security guard is a private person who is employed to protect property and people. ... The Customs and Border Protection is part of the United States Department of Homeland Security and provides customs and immigration services in the United States. ...

Hiring Process

The broad law enforcement mission and authorities of ICE carries unusual trust and responsibility. Therefore, the process of becoming an ICE employee is arduous and competitive. Applicants may expect to undergo a battery of mental, intellectual, and physical tests, as well as interviews, medical screenings, and an extensive background investigation. Information about joining ICE is available through local ICE offices or on the ICE website. ^[12]

Training

Newly hired ICE Special Agents, Deportation Officers, Immigration Enforcement Agents, and Federal Protective Service Officers undergo initial entry training at the ICE Academy on the Federal Law Enforcement Training Center in Glynco, Georgia. To meet division specific academic and practical instruction, the ICE Academy varies in length from 12 to 24 weeks depending on the position. Furthermore, following graduation, new ICE Special Agents and Officers undergo additional post academy training, as well as career-continuous training, and are assigned to an ICE office anywhere in the nation as well as around the world. Professional support staff are also assigned to of one of the many ICE offices. However, any Agent, Officer, or support staff member may be transferred to any location for any length of time at the needs of ICE. Special Agent is the United States governments title for a detective or investigator of the Series 0081 in the Office of Personnel Management or OPM handbook. ... Federal Protective Service is a title used in a number of countries In the United States the FPS is responsible for the security of Federal buildings. ... The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) serves as an interagency law enforcement training organization for 82 United States Federal agencies. ...

ICE and Immigration Law

Immigration and Nationality Act Section 287(g) is designed to effectively multiply ICEs forces through enhanced cooperation and communication with state, and local law enforcement agencies. Section 287(g) authorizes the Secretary of Homeland Security to enter into agreements with state and local law enforcement agencies, permitting designated officers to perform immigration law enforcement functions, pursuant to a Memorandum of Agreement (MOA), provided that the local law enforcement officers receive appropriate training and function under the supervision of sworn U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement officers. Under 287(g), ICE provides state and local law enforcement with the training and subsequent authorization to identify, process, and when appropriate, detain immigration offenders they encounter during their regular, daily law-enforcement activity.^[13] Section 287(g) of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) was made law in 1996 as a result of the Illegal Immigration Reform and Immigrant Responsibility Act (IIRIRA). ... The United States Secretary of Homeland Security is the head of the United States Department of Homeland Security, the body concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ...

"The days of ignoring immigration law are over," Marc Raimondi, A U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement spokesman, said. "A failure to comply is not an option. The person ordered to be removed needs to comply with that order or we'll assist them with compliance. To think of people illegally in the country who have been convicted of crimes are walking around is outrageous." ^[14]

Julie Myers, the assistant secretary for the Department of Homeland Security told a press conference. "America's welcome does not extend to immigrants who come here to commit crimes."^[15]

Criticism

ICE, along with its sister agency Customs and Border Protection (CBP), performs similar functions regarding the enforcement of federal law relating to the U.S. border. Some in Congress, as well as members of the public, believe that these two agencies should be merged. CBP maintains U.S. ports of entry, which are targets for smugglers to illegally pass their illicit goods into the United States. Consequently, some of the cases ICE investigates originate from a CBP referral. These cases include the smuggling of narcotics, goods, weapons, and humans into the United States. There are those who feel the combined infrastructures of ICE and CBP should be merged into one agency with the border inspectors, deportation officers, and Special Agents working hand in hand to combat crime. The Customs and Border Protection is part of the United States Department of Homeland Security and provides customs and immigration services in the United States. ... Special Agent is the United States governments title for a detective or investigator of the Series 0081 in the Office of Personnel Management or OPM handbook. ...

Additionally, ICE operates detention centers throughout the United States that detain illegal immigrants who are apprehended and placed into removal proceedings. Kellogg, Brown and Root (KBR), the engineering and construction subsidiary of Halliburton Corporation, released a press statement on January 24, 2006 that the company had been awarded a no-bid contingency contract from the Department of Homeland Security to support its Immigration and Customs Enforcement facilities in the event of an emergency. The maximum total value of the contract is $385 million and consists of a 1-year base period with four 1-year options. KBR held the previous ICE contract from 2000 through 2005. The contract provides for establishing temporary detention and processing capabilities to expand existing ICE Detention and Removal Operations Program facilities in the event of an emergency influx of immigrants into the U.S., or to support the rapid development of new programs. The contract may also provide migrant detention support to other government organizations in the event of an immigration emergency, as well as the development of a plan to react to a national emergency, such as a natural disaster, the company said. Illegal immigration is the act of moving to or settling in another country or region, temporarily or permanently, in violation of the law or without documents permitting an immigrant to settle in that country. ... KBR (formerly Kellogg Brown and Root) NYSE: KBR is an American engineering and construction company, formerly a subsidiary of Halliburton, based in Houston. ... Halliburton Energy Services (NYSE: HAL) is a multinational corporation with operations in over 120 countries. ... is the 24th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 2006 (MMVI) was a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a Cabinet department of the federal government of the United States that is concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ...

Despite the fact that ICE falls under the Department of Homeland Security, it has played a key role in investigating and arresting citizens suspected of possessing and distributing child pornography.[1] Due to the fact that a vast majority of child pornography is produced in foreign countries, ICE Special Agents utilize their authorities to investigate persons and groups that traffick in this type of contraband, the importation of which via traditional mail or internet channels constitute violations of Customs laws. The United States Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is a Cabinet department of the federal government of the United States that is concerned with protecting the American homeland and the safety of American citizens. ...

Equipment

An Air and Marine Operations (AMO) Black Hawk supporting an ICE operation

ICE agents and officers carry the Sig Sauer P229R pistol with the DAK trigger chambered in .40 caliber, the Heckler & Koch USP Compact with LEM trigger in .40 caliber, or the Glock 19 pistol chambered in 9mm. Eventually, all ICE Special Agents and officers will transition to the Sig Sauer P229R-DAK as their primary sidearm. They also may be assigned the Remington Model 870 shotgun, the Steyr Aug rifle, the Colt M-16 rifle, or the Colt M-4 carbine. Agents and officers assigned to a Special Response Team (SRT) are specifically assigned the Colt M-4 carbine while some operators may also carry the Heckler & Koch MP5 submachine gun, although these are being phased out. Image File history File links Size of this preview: 187 × 270 pixelsFull resolution (187 × 270 pixel, file size: 9 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Public Domain Photograph. ... Image File history File links Size of this preview: 187 × 270 pixelsFull resolution (187 × 270 pixel, file size: 9 KB, MIME type: image/jpeg) Public Domain Photograph. ... The Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (SIG)-Sauer P226 is a full-sized, service type pistol originally chambered for 9 mm Luger. ... The Heckler & Koch USP (Universale Selbstladepistole, or Universal Self-loading Pistol) is a semi-automatic pistol designed by the German arms manufacturer Heckler & Koch. ... The Remington Model 870 is a U.S.-made pump-action shotgun. ... The Steyr AUG is an Austrian 5. ... M16 is also the Eagle Nebula in astronomy. ... Caliber: 5. ... “MP5” redirects here. ...

ICE operates the only nation-wide radio communication system in the federal law enforcement community. The system, known as the National Law Enforcement Communications Center (NLECC) is Motorola-based and employs a technology specifically designed for ICE known as COTHEN (Customs Over The Horizon Network). Consequently, ICE agents, officers, and authorized subcribers are able to communicate with one another across the nation using NLECCs strategically place repeaters and high-speed data lines. Additionally the NLECC, commonly referred to as SECTOR, is based in Orlando, Florida.

See also

• Federal Protective Service
• Customs and Border Protection
• Office of CBP Air
• Federal Law Enforcement Training Center
• U.S. Secret Service
• Federal Air Marshal Service
• JPATS
• Serious Organized Crime Agency
• Shadow Wolves
• Operation Endgame

Federal Protective Service is a title used in a number of countries In the United States the FPS is responsible for the security of Federal buildings. ... The Customs and Border Protection is part of the United States Department of Homeland Security and provides customs and immigration services in the United States. ... CBP Air and Marine Emblem CBP Air Interdiction Agent Badge CBP Air Blackhawk UAV The stated mission of the Office of CBP Air and Marine is to protect the American people and critical infrastructure by using an integrated and coordinated air and marine force to detect, interdict, and prevent acts... The Federal Law Enforcement Training Center (FLETC) serves as an interagency law enforcement training organization for 82 United States Federal agencies. ... The United States Secret Service is a United States federal government law enforcement agency that is part of the United States Department of Homeland Security (prior to the foundation of that department in 2002, it was under Treasury). ... The Federal Air Marshal Service (FAMS) is a law enforcement agency of the United States federal government under the supervision of the Transportation Security Administration of the United States Department of Homeland Security. ... A US Marshal on a Con Air flight. ... The Serious Organised Crime Agency (SOCA) is a policing agency in the United Kingdom that acts against organised crime, including the illegal drugs trade, money laundering, and people smuggling. ... The Shadow Wolves is an elite unit of Native American trackers. ... Operation Endgame is a plan under implementation by the Office of Detention and Removal Operations of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security Bureau of Immigration and Customs Enforcement to detain and deport all removable aliens currently living in the United States by 2012. ...

International Agencies Comparable to ICE

• Serious Organized Crime Agency - UK
• Australian Customs Service
• RCMP Customs and Excise Branch - Canada
• RCMP Immigration and Passport Branch - Canada

Related Sources

• Most recent detentions and statistics from Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE).
• ICE detentions and criminal prosecutions of employers hiring illegal employees.
• ICE worksite enforcement efforts.

External links

Wikimedia Commons has media related to:

U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement

• U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement
• U.S. Department of Homeland Security
• U.S. Customs and Border Protection
• Federal Law Enforcement Training Center
• U.S. Secret Service
• Federal Air Marshal Service
• U.S. Marshals Service - JPATS Website
• Immigration And Customs Enforcement Bureau Meeting Notices and Rule Changes from The Federal Register RSS Feed

Image File history File links Commons-logo. ...

Criticism

• The Real Political Purpose of the ICE Raids from Dollars & Sense magazine

Dollars & Sense is a magazine dedicated to providing left-wing perspectives on economics. ...

References

v • d • e Agencies under the United States Department of Homeland Security
Secretary of Homeland Security Deputy Secretary of Homeland Security	Coast Guard • Immigration and Customs Enforcement • Citizenship and Immigration Services • Customs and Border Protection • Federal Emergency Management Agency • Federal Law Enforcement Training Center • Secret Service • Office of Operations Coordination • Transportation Security Administration
Under Secretary of Homeland Security for National Protection and Programs	Office of Cyber Security and Communications • National Communications System • National Cyber Security Division • Office of Infrastructure Protection • Office of Intergovernmental Programs • Office of Risk Management and Analysis • US-VISIT
Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Science and Technology	Homeland Security Advanced Research Projects Agency • Explosives Division • Chemical and Biological Division • Border and Maritime Security Division • Command, Control, and Interoperability Division • Human Factors Division • Infrastructure/Geophysical Division • Environmental Measurements Laboratory
Under Secretary of Homeland Security for Management

v • d • e United States immigration debate
Issues	Illegal immigration · Trafficking in human beings · Labor shortage · Terrorism · U.S-Mexico Border · Economic impact · Population · Immigration reduction · Legalization · Guest worker program
Proposed legislation	DREAM Act (2001-2007) · H.R. 4437 (2005) · Jackson Lee (2005) · McCain-Kennedy (2005) · SKIL (2006) · S. 2611 (2006) · STRIVE Act (2007) · S. 1348 (2007)
Action	REAL ID (2005) · Secure Fence Act (2006) · 2006 Protests
Organizations	Immigration and Customs Enforcement · CHIRLA · CCIR · NIF · FIRM · WAAA · NCLR · FAIR · MMP · MCDC · CCIR · SOS · CIS · NUSA · MPI
Past laws	Naturalization Act (1795) · 14th Amendment (1868) · Chinese Exclusion (1882) · Gentlemen's Agreement of 1907 (1907) · Emergency Quota Act (1921) · Immigration Act of 1924 (1924) · Bracero Program (1942-64) · INS Act (1965) · IRCA (1986) · IIRIRA (1996)