The United States Marshals Service, part of the The United States Department of Justice (DOJ) is a Cabinet department in the United States government designed to enforce the law and defend the interests of the United States according to the law and to ensure fair and impartial administration of justice for all Americans. It is administered by the... United States Department of Justice, is the The United States of America — also referred to as the United States, the U.S.A., the U.S., America¹, the States, or (archaically) Columbia — is a federal republic of 50 states located primarily in central North America (with the exception of two states: Alaska and Hawaii... United States' oldest federal law enforcement agency. Their mission is to protect the The U.S. Constitution, adopted in 1789 by a constitutional convention, sets down the basic framework of American government in its seven articles. The constitution replaced the confederate system of the Articles of Confederation (in force from 1781 to 1788). The Constitution is currently on display at the National Archives... Federal courts and ensure the effective operation of the judicial system.

Duties

Since 1789 was a common year starting on Thursday (see link for calendar). Events January 7 - First nationwide United States election January 21 - The first American novel, The Power of Sympathy or the Triumph of Nature Founded in Truth, is printed in Boston, Massachusetts January 23 - Georgetown College becomes the first... 1789, U.S. Marshals and their Deputies have provided many different services, from taking the A census is the process of obtaining information about every member of a population (not necessarily a human population). It can be contrasted with sampling in which information is only obtained from a subset of a population. As such it is a method used for accumulating statistical data, and it... census to protecting the Seal of the President of the United States, official impression The President of the United States is the head of state of the United States. Under the U.S. Constitution, the President is also the chief executive of the federal government and commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Because... President. Today, the Marshals Service is responsible for providing protection for the federal judiciary, transporting federal prisoners, protecting endangered federal witnesses and managing assets seized from criminal enterprises. In addition, the men and women of the Marshals Service are responsible for 55 percent of arrests of federal fugitives.

Organization

The United States Marshals Service is based in Alexandria is an independent city in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2000 census, the city had a total population of 128,283. It is located on the west bank of the Potomac River, six miles south of Washington, DC. Like the rest of Northern Virginia, as well as... Alexandria, Virginia and is headed by a Generally a director is a person or one of a body of persons appointed to manage the affairs of a government agency, company, corporation, group or project. List of specific terms known commonly as director: film director television director theatre director cinematographer, director of photography music director art director casting... Director, who is assisted by a Deputy Director. The Headquarters serves to provide command and control and cooperation for the disparate elements of the service. The Headquarters is divided into several divisions headed by Assistant Directors and directly controls the Special Operations Group and several other organizations. The Federal Court System is divided into 12 Regions, each having a US Marshal who is also the District US Marshal for the The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of both law and equity. There is a United States bankruptcy court in each U.S. district court... United States district courts in which the Region is headquartered. Each of the 94 Federal Judicial Districts has a US Marshal, an Assistant US Marshal and as many Deputy and Special Deputy US Marshals as needed. The Director and each United States Marshal is appointed by the president of the United States and is confirmed by the Senate. The District US Marshal is tradionally appointed from a list of qualified Law Enforcement persons for that district or State. Each state has at least one District, while several have three or more.

History

The offices of U.S. Marshal and Deputy Marshals were created by the first The Congress of the United States is the legislative branch of the federal government of the United States of America. It is established by Article One of the Constitution of the United States, which also deliniates its structure and powers. Congress is a bicameral legislature, consisting of the House of... Congress in the Judiciary Act of 1789, the same legislation that established the federal judicial system. Special Deputies were allowed to be recruited as local hires or as temporary transfers to the Marshals' Service of other federal law enforcement officers. Marshals were also authorised to swear in a Posse Comitatus can refer to: In common law, Posse Comitatus refers to a means of law enforcement in unusual circumstances. In United States military law, the Posse Comitatus Act regulates the use of military forces for non-military purposes. The Posse Comitatus, a terrorist organization. This is a disambiguation page... posse to assist them in manhunts and other duties. The Marshals were given extensive authority to support the federal courts within their judicial districts and to carry out all lawful orders issued by judges, Congress, or the President.

The Marshals and their Deputies served the A subpoena (pronounced suh-pee-nuh) is a writ commanding a person to appear under penalty (from Latin). It is used to compel the testimony of witnesses in a trial. Usually it can be issued by a judge or by the lawyer representing the plaintiff or the defendant in a... subpoenas, A summons is a legal document issued by a court addressed to a defendant in a legal proceeding. Typically, a summons will announce that the person to whom it is directed that a legal proceeding has been started against them, a file has been started in the court records and... summonses, In law, a writ is a formal written order issued by a government entity in the name of the sovereign power. In most cases, this government entity is a court. Two kinds of writs are warrants and prerogative writs, but there are many others. English Law History In origin a... writs, In law, a warrant can mean any authorization. Often in statute the warrant of a particular person is required before certain administrative actions can take place. For example, before the United States Secretary of State may affix the Great Seal of the United States to letters patent, the President must... warrants, and other process issued by the courts, made all the arrests, and handled all the prisoners. They also disbursed the money. The individual Deputy Marshals have been portrayed as legendary heroics in the face of lawlessness.

The Marshals paid the fees and expenses of the court clerks, United States Attorneys represent the U.S. federal government in United States district court. There are 93 U.S. Attorneys stationed throughout the United States, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Guam, and the Northern Mariana Islands. One U.S. Attorney is assigned to each of the judicial districts, with the... U.S. Attorneys, This article is confusing for some readers, and needs to be edited for clarity. Please remove this notice once this has been done. A jury is a body of persons convened to render a verdict (finding of fact) on a legal question officially submitted to them, or to set a... jurors, and witnesses. They rented the courtrooms and jail space and hired the bailiffs, criers, and janitors. They made sure the prisoners were present, the jurors were available, and the witnesses were on time.

When Order: 1st President Vice President: John Adams Term of office: April 30, 1789 – March 3, 1797 Preceded by: None Succeeded by: John Adams Date of birth: February 22, 1732 Place of birth: Westmoreland, Virginia Date of death: December... George Washington set up his first administration and the first Congress began passing laws, both quickly discovered an inconvenient gap in the Page I of the Constitution of the United States of America Page II of the United States Constitution Page III of the United States Constitution Page IV of the United States Constitution The Constitution of the United States is the supreme law of the United States of America and is... constitutional design of the government: It had no provision for a regional administrative structure stretching throughout the country. Both the Congress and the executive branch were housed at the national capital; no agency was established or designated to represent the federal government's interests at the local level. The need for a regional organization quickly became apparent. Congress and the President solved part of the problem by creating specialized agencies, such as customs and revenue collectors, to levy the tariffs and taxes. Yet, there were numerous other jobs that needed to be done. The only officers available to do them were the Marshals and their Deputies.

Thus, the Marshals also provided local representation for the federal government within their districts. They took the national census every 10 years through 1870 was a common year starting on Saturday (see link for calendar). Events January - April January 6 - The inauguration of the Musikverein ( Vienna). January 10 - John D. Rockefeller incorporates Standard Oil January 15 - A political cartoon for the first time symbolizes the United States Democratic Party with a donkey (A... 1870. They distributed Presidential proclamations, collected a variety of statistical information on commerce and manufacturing, supplied the names of government employees for the national register, and performed other routine tasks needed for the central government to function effectively. Over the past 200 years, Congress and the President also have called on the Marshals to carry out unusual or extraordinary missions, such as registering enemy aliens in time of war, sealing the American border against armed expeditions from foreign countries, and swapping spies with the former The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) .( Russian: Сою́з Сове́тских Социалисти́ческих Респу́блик... Soviet Union.

One of the most infamous jobs the Marshals were tasked with was the recovery of fugitive The word slave has at least two meanings: People who are owned by others, and live to serve them without pay. See slavery. Slavey (pronounced as SLAY-vi) is a First Nations people around the Great Slave Lake. The name of the people was slaves but was changed due to... slaves. With the passage of the The Fugitive Slave Law or Fugitive Slave Act was passed by the United States Congress on September 18, 1850 as part of the Compromise of 1850 between Southern slaveholding interests and Northern Free-Soilers and abolitionists. A major cause of conflict between the Southern slave states and the Northern free... Fugitive Slave Act of 1850 the Marshal service was given this task. They were also permitted to form a Posse Comitatus can refer to: In common law, Posse Comitatus refers to a means of law enforcement in unusual circumstances. In United States military law, the Posse Comitatus Act regulates the use of military forces for non-military purposes. The Posse Comitatus, a terrorist organization. This is a disambiguation page... posse and to deputize any person in any community to aid in the recapture of fugitive slaves. Failure to cooperate with a Marshal resulted in a $5000 fine and imprisonment, a stiff penalty for those days.

In the 1960s the Marshals were on the front lines of the Civil Rights Movement in the United States, political, legal, and social struggle to gain full citizenship rights for African American and to achieve racial equality. The civil rights movement was first and foremost a challenge to segregation, the system of laws and customs separating blacks and whites that whites used... Civil Rights Movement, mainly providing protection to volunteers. In 1962 Order: 35th President Vice President: Lyndon B. Johnson Term of office: January 20, 1961 – November 22, 1963 Preceded by: Dwight D. Eisenhower Succeeded by: Lyndon B. Johnson Date of birth: May 29, 1917 Place of birth: Brookline, Massachusetts Date ... John F. Kennedy ordered the Marshals to accompany James Howard Meredith (born June 25, 1933) is an American civil rights movement figure, although he vocally prefers not to be regarded as such. He was born in Kosciusko, Mississippi of Native American (Choctaw) and African American heritage. Meredith enlisted in the United States Air Force right out of high... James Meredith, an African-American, who wished to register at the The Lyceum The University of Mississippi (also known as Ole Miss) is public, coeducational research university located near Oxford, Mississippi. Founded in 1848, the school is composed of the main campus, with three branch campuses located in Tupelo, Southaven, and Booneville. UM maintains a field station in Bay Springs as... University of Mississippi. Their presence on the campus provoked riots at the university, requiring President Kennedy to send in the army to pacify the crowd.

Just as America has changed over the past two centuries, so has its federal justice system – from the original 13 judicial districts, to 94 districts spanning the continent and beyond; and with tens of thousands of federal judges, prosecutors, jurors, witnesses, and defendants involved in the judicial process. The Marshals Service has changed with it, not in its underlying responsibility to enforce the law and execute the orders issued by the court, but in the breadth of its functions, the professionalism of its personnel, and the sophistication of the technologies employed. These changes are made apparent by an examination of the contemporary duties of the modern Marshals Service.

Except for suits by incarcerated persons or (in some circumstances) by seamen, U.S. Marshals no longer serve process in private civil actions filed in the The United States district courts are the general trial courts of the United States federal court system. Both civil and criminal cases are filed in the district court, which is a court of both law and equity. There is a United States bankruptcy court in each U.S. district court... U.S. federal courts. Under the Federal Rules of Civil Procedure, process may be served by any U.S. citizen over the age of 18 who is a not a party or an attorney involved in the case.

See Also

• Sheriff is both a political and a legal office held under English common law, Scots law or American common law, or the person who holds such office. Modern usage United States In the United States a sheriff is generally the highest elected law-enforcement officer of a county. The political... Sheriff
• For the band, see The Police. For the Polish town, see Police, Poland. A car of the Devon and Cornwall Constabulary, England Police forces are government organisations ostensibly charged with the responsibility of maintaining law and order. The word comes from the French, and less directly from the Greek politeia... Police

External links

• US Marshals Service (http://www.usdoj.gov/marshals)
• All about US Marshals (http://www.crimelibrary.com/gangsters_outlaws/cops_others/us_marshals/3.html?sect=18)