The U.S. State Department's list of Foreign Terrorist Organizations is a list of non-US organizations that are designated as terrorist by the United States Secretary of State in accordance with section 219 of the Immigration and Nationality Act (INA). The United States government believes that FTO designations play a critical role in its fight against terrorism and are an effective means of curtailing support for terrorist activities and pressuring groups to get out of the terrorism business. Smoke billowing from the World Trade Centre after the 11th September 2001 terrorist attacks-one of the most iconic examples of modern terrorism. ... Few words are as politically or emotionally charged as terrorism. ... Although there are earlier related examples, the history of terrorism in the modern sense seems to have emerged around the mid 19th-century. ... International conventions on terrorism set out obligations of states in respect to defining international counter terrorist offences, prosecuting individuals suspected of such offences, extraditing such persons upon request, and providing mutual legal assistance upon request. ... Counter-terrorism refers to the practices, tactics, and strategies that governments, militaries, and other groups adopt in order to fight terrorism. ... The War on Terrorism, (also the Global War on Terrorism or GWOT [1]) is the name used by the United States, initially enlisting the support of NATO members and other allies, for a campaign with the stated goal of ending international terrorism by preventing those groups said to be terrorist... The list is of organizations , many (not all) of whom have been proscribed as terrorist organizations by approporiate authorities, including the United Nations and national governments. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... Nationalist terrorism is a form of terrorism through which participants attempt to form an independent state against what they consider an occupying, imperial, or otherwise illegitimate state. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Religious violence. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... State-sponsored terrorism (SST) is a political term used to refer to finance and bounties given across international boundaries to terrorist organizations and the families of deceased militants for the purpose of conducting or rewarding attacks on civilians. ... Ethnic violence or ethnic terrorism refers to violence that is dominantly motivated by causes and issues related to ethnicity. ... Narcoterrorism is a term coined by former President Belaunde Terry of Peru in 1983 when describing terrorist-type attacks against his nations anti-narcotics police. ... The heyday of anarchist terrorism was from the 1870s to the 1920s. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Terrorism. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... The term Agro-terrorism is a controversial neologism used to describe threats by a terrorist act on the food chain. ... Aircraft hijacking (also known as skyjacking) is the take-over of an aircraft, by a person or group, usually armed. ... Assassin and Targeted killing redirect here. ... IED is also an abbreviation for Intelligent Electronic Device IED is also an abbreviation for Intermittent explosive disorder A large cache of munitions found in Afghanistan in 2004. ... A car bomb is an improvised explosive device that is placed in a car or other vehicle and then exploded. ... A suicide attack is an attack in which the attacker or attackers intend and expect to die (see suicide). ... Bioterrorism is terrorism using germ warfare, an intentional human release of a naturally-occurring or human-modified toxin or biological agent. ... Nuclear terrorism can be used to describe any of the following terrorist assaults: Use of nuclear weapons against a civilian target Use of a radiological weapon or dirty bomb against a civilian target An attack against a nuclear power plant Some believe that no such act has ever taken place. ... Cyber-terrorism is the use of computers and information technology, particularly the Internet, to cause harm or severe disruption with the aim of advancing the attackers own political or religious goals. ... A terrorist front organization is created to conceal activities or provide logistical or financial support to the illegal activities. ... For the role-playing game books, please see Lone Wolf. ... Smoke billowing from the World Trade Centre after the 11th September 2001 terrorist attacks-one of the most iconic examples of modern terrorism. ... Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice. ... The Immigration and Nationality Act (INA) of 1952 (Also known as the McCarran-Walter Act) restricted immigration into the U.S. and is codified under Title 8 of the United States Code. ...

As of early 2006, most (27%) of the organizations on the list are Islamist groups in the Middle East, with the second-largest affiliation being Communist groups. Most of the rest are nationalist or separatist organizations. Exceptions include the Israeli Kahane Chai, the Japanese Aum Shinrikyo, and the right-wing Colombian Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia. 2006 (MMVI) is a common year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... It has been suggested that Islamic fundamentalism be merged into this article or section. ... This article is about communism as a form of society and as a political movement. ... Kach was an extremist right-wing Israeli party led by Meir Kahane. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia (United Self-Defence Forces of Colombia, AUC) was formed in April 1997 as an umbrella paramilitary organization to consolidate most local and regional paramilitary groups in Colombia, each with the mission to protect local economic, social and political interests by fighting insurgents in their areas. ...

Identification

The Office of the Coordinator for Counterterrorism in the State Department (S/CT) continually monitors the activities of potentially terrorist groups active around the world to identify potential targets for designation. When reviewing potential targets, S/CT looks not only at the actual terrorist attacks that a group has carried out, but also at whether the group has engaged in planning and preparations for possible future acts of terrorism or retains the capability and intent to carry out such acts. This article needs to be wikified. ...

Designation

Once a target is identified, S/CT prepares a detailed "administrative record," which is a compilation of information, typically including both classified and open sources information, demonstrating that the statutory criteria for designation have been satisfied. If the Secretary of State, in consultation with the Attorney General and the Secretary of the Treasury, decides to make the designation, Congress is notified of the Secretary’s intent to designate the organization and given seven days to review the designation, as the INA requires. Upon the expiration of the seven-day waiting period, notice of the designation is published in the Federal Register, at which point the designation takes effect. An organization designated as an FTO may seek judicial review of the designation in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit not later than 30 days after the designation is published in the Federal Register. In most common law jurisdictions, the Attorney General is the main legal adviser to the government, and in some jurisdictions may in addition have executive responsibility for law enforcement or responsibility for public prosecutions. ... The United States Secretary of the Treasury is the finance minister of the Federal Government of the United States. ... Seal of the U.S. Congress. ... The Federal Register contains most routine publications and public notices of United States government agencies. ... The United States Courts of Appeals (or circuit courts) are the mid-level appellate courts of the United States federal court system. ...

FTO designations expire automatically after two years, but the Secretary of State may redesignate an organization for additional two-year period(s), upon a finding that the statutory criteria continue to be met. The procedural requirements for designating an organization as an FTO also apply to any redesignation of that organization. The Secretary of State may revoke a designation or redesignation at any time upon a finding that the circumstances that were the basis for the designation or redesignation have changed in such a manner as to warrant revocation, or that the national security of the United States warrants a revocation. The same procedural requirements apply to revocations made by the Secretary of State as apply to designations or redesignations. A designation may also be revoked by an Act of Congress, or set aside by a Court order.

Legal Criteria for Designation

(Reflecting Amendments to Section 219 of the INA in the USA PATRIOT Act of 2001) This article needs cleanup. ...

• It must be a foreign organization.
• The organization must engage in terrorist activity, as defined in section 212 (a)(3)(B) of the INA (8 U.S.C. § 1182(a)(3)(B)),* or terrorism, as defined in section 140(d)(2) of the Foreign Relations Authorization Act, Fiscal Years 1988 and 1989 (22 U.S.C. § 2656f(d)(2)),** or retain the capability and intent to engage in terrorist activity or terrorism.
• The organization’s terrorist activity or terrorism must threaten the security of U.S. nationals or the national security (national defense, foreign relations, or the economic interests) of the United States.

Legal Ramifications of Designation

• It is unlawful for a person in the United States or subject to the jurisdiction of the United States to knowingly provide "material support or resources" to a designated FTO. (The term "material support or resources" is defined in 18 U.S.C. § 2339A(b) as "currency or monetary instruments or financial securities, financial services, lodging, training, expert advice or assistance, safehouses, false documentation or identification, communications equipment, facilities, weapons, lethal substances, explosives, personnel, transportation, and other physical assets, except medicine or religious materials.)
• Representatives and members of a designated FTO, if they are aliens, are inadmissible to and, in certain circumstances, removable from the United States (see 8 U.S.C. §§ 1182 (a)(3)(B)(i)(IV)-(V), 1227 (a)(1)(A)).
• Any U.S. financial institution that becomes aware that it has possession of or control over funds in which a designated FTO or its agent has an interest must retain possession of or control over the funds and report the funds to the Office of Foreign Assets Control of the U.S. Department of the Treasury.

Security is a type of transferable interest representing financial value. ... The Office of Foreign Assets Control (OFAC) of the United States Department of the Treasury administers and enforces economic and trade sanctions based on US foreign policy and national security goals against targeted foreign countries, terrorists, unapproved international narcotics traffickers, and those engaged in activities related to the unapproved proliferation...

Other Effects of Designation

The United States Department of State lists the following items as additional beneficial effects of designation:

• "Supports our efforts to curb terrorism financing and to encourage other nations to do the same.
• "Stigmatizes and isolates designated terrorist organizations internationally.
• "Deters donations or contributions to and economic transactions with named organizations.
• "Heightens public awareness and knowledge of terrorist organizations.
• "Signals to other governments our concern about named organizations.

Current List of Designated Foreign Terrorist Organizations

This list was current as of October 11, 2005. October 11 is the 284th day of the year (285th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... 2005 (MMV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ...

1. Abu Nidal Organization (ANO) (International, Palestine)
2. Abu Sayyaf Group (Philippines)
3. Al-Aqsa Martyrs Brigade (Palestine)
4. Ansar al-Islam (Iraq, Kurdistan)
5. Armed Islamic Group (GIA) (Algeria)
6. Asbat al-Ansar (Lebanon)
7. Aum Shinrikyo (Japan)
8. Basque Fatherland and Liberty (ETA) (Spain, France)
9. Communist Party of the Philippines/New People's Army (CPP/NPA) (Philippines)
10. Continuity Irish Republican Army (Northern Ireland)
11. East Turkestan Islamic Movement (China)
12. East Turkistan Liberation Organization (China)
13. Gama'a al-Islamiyya (Translates: Islamic Group) (Egypt)
14. HAMAS (Islamic Resistance Movement) (Palestine)
15. Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM) (Kashmir)
16. Hezbollah (Translates: Party of God) (Lebanon, Iran)
17. Islamic Jihad Group (Syria, Iran)
18. Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) (Uzbekistan)
19. Jaish-e-Mohammed (JEM) (Translates: Army of Mohammed) (Kashmir)
20. Jemaah Islamiya organization (JI) (South East Asia)
21. al-Jihad (Egyptian Islamic Jihad) (Egypt)
22. Kahane Chai (Kach) (Israel)
23. Kongra-Gel (KGK, formerly Kurdistan Workers' Party, PKK, KADEK) (Kurdistan)
24. Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT) (Army of the Righteous) (Kashmir)
25. Lashkar i Jhangvi (Pakistan)
26. Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE) (Sri Lanka)
27. Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) (Libya)
28. Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (GICM) (Morocco)
29. Mujahedin-e Khalq Organization (MEK) (Iran)
30. National Liberation Army (ELN) (Colombia)
31. Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) (Palestine)
32. Palestinian Islamic Jihad (PIJ) (Palestine)
33. Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) (Palestine)
34. Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (PFLP-GC) (Palestine)
35. al-Qa’ida (Global)
36. Real IRA (Northern Ireland)
37. Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC) (Colombia)
38. Revolutionary Nuclei (formerly ELA) (Greece)
39. Revolutionary Organization 17 November (Greece)
40. Revolutionary People's Liberation Party/Front (DHKP/C) (Turkey)
41. Salafist Group for Call and Combat (GSPC) (Algeria)
42. Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso, SL) (Peru)
43. Tanzim Qa'idat al-Jihad fi Bilad al-Rafidayn (QJBR) (al-Qaida in Iraq) (formerly Jama'at al-Tawhid wa'al-Jihad, JTJ, al-Zarqawi Network) (Iraq)
44. United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (AUC) (Colombia)

Created by a split from the Fatah in 1974, the Abu Nidal Organization (officially named Fatah - the Revolutionary Council) is an international organization named for its founder Abu Nidal. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... The Abu Sayyaf Group (ASG), or simply Abu Sayyaf, also known as Al Harakat Al Islamiyya, is a separatist group of islamist terrorists based in and around the southern islands of the Philippines, primarily Jolo, Basilan, and Mindanao. ... The Al_Aqsa Martyrs Brigades (كتائب شهداء الاقصى) are one of the militias of Palestinian leader Yasser Arafats al_Fatah faction. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... Ansar al-Islam (Arabic: انصار الاسلام, Supporters or Partisans of Islam) is a Kurdish Sunni Islamist group, promoting a radical interpretation of Islam and holy war. ... Kurdistan (literally meaning the land of Kurds[1]; old: Koordistan, Curdistan, Kurdia, also in Kurdish: Kurdewarî) is the name of a geographic and cultural region in the Middle East, inhabited predominantly by the Kurds. ... The Armed Islamic Group (GIA, from French Groupe Islamique Armé; Arabic al-Jamaah al-Islamiyah al-Musallah) is a militant Islamist group with the declared aim of overthrowing the Algerian government and replacing it with an Islamic state. ... Asbat al-Ansar (league of the successors) is an organization of Sunni Islamists based in southern Lebanon. ... To meet Wikipedias quality standards, this article or section may require cleanup. ... For other meanings of ETA, see Eta. ... The New Peoples Army, or NPA, is a communist-based revolutionary group in the Philippines, formed in March 29, 1969. ... The Continuity Irish Republican Army (CIRA) is an Irish Republican paramilitary organisation (which supporters recognise as the National Army of the 32-County Irish Republic) that split from the Provisional IRA in 1986. ... Motto: (French for God and my right)2 Anthem: UK: God Save the Queen Regional: (De facto) Londonderry Air Capital Belfast Largest city Belfast Official language(s) English (De facto), Irish, Ulster Scots 3 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Office suspended... East Turkestan Islamic Movement is a militant Islamic group which seeks to separate East Turkestan from the Peoples Republic of China. ... The East Turkistan Liberation Organization (Sharq azat Turkistan) is a Muslim armed separatist group operating in Xinjiang, China and Kyrgyzstan. ... Al-Gamaa al-Islamiyya (Arabic for the Islamic Group; also transliterated Gamaat Islamiya, Jamaat al Islamiya, etc. ... Hamas (Arabic: ‎; acronym: Arabic: ‎, or Harakat al-Muqawama al-Islamiyya or Islamic Resistance Movement; the Arabic acronym means zeal) is a Palestinian Sunni Islamist organization that currently forms the majority party of the Palestinian National Authority. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... Harakat ul-Mujahidin (HUM) (previously Harakat al-Ansar), the HUM is an Islamic militant group based in Pakistan that operates primarily in Kashmir. ... For the dispute concerning this region, see Kashmir conflict Shown in green is the region under Pakistani administration. ... For other uses, see Hezbollah (disambiguation). ... This article is about particular organizations known as Islamic Jihad. ... The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan (IMU) is a subset, militant organization, within the Islamic Movement of Central Asia, whose goal is to overthrow the secular government of Uzbekistan and replace it with an Islamic theocracy. ... It has been suggested that this article or section be merged into Mohammads Army. ... For the dispute concerning this region, see Kashmir conflict Shown in green is the region under Pakistani administration. ... Jemaah Islamiyah, sometimes rendered Jemaah Islamiah, is a militant Islamic separatist movement, suspected of killing hundreds of civilians, dedicated to the establishment of a fundamentalist Islamic state in Southeast Asia, in particular Indonesia, Singapore, Brunei, Malaysia, and the south of Thailand and the Philippines. ... Location of Southeast Asia Southeast Asia is a subregion of Asia. ... The Egyptian Islamic Jihad (EIJ), also called the Islamic Jihad and the Jihad Group, is an Egyptian Islamic group active since the late 1970s with origins in the Lebanon and Yemen. ... Kach was an extremist right-wing Israeli party led by Meir Kahane. ... The Peoples Congress of Kurdistan (Kurdish name Kongra-Gel, short form of Kongra Gelê Kurdistan) describes its aims as to solve the Kurdish question through democratization of the Middle East, the creation of a Middle East Federation and the transformation of Middle Eastern society into a democratic-ecologic society. ... Kurdistan (literally meaning the land of Kurds[1]; old: Koordistan, Curdistan, Kurdia, also in Kurdish: Kurdewarî) is the name of a geographic and cultural region in the Middle East, inhabited predominantly by the Kurds. ... Lashkar-e-Tayyiba (LT) (Army of the Righteous) From: Patterns of Global Terrorism, 2000. ... For the dispute concerning this region, see Kashmir conflict Shown in green is the region under Pakistani administration. ... Lashkar I Jhangvi (LJ) is a violent Sunni Muslim group located in Pakistan. ... Tamil Tigers emblem The Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), also known as the Tamil Tigers, is a military and political organization that has waged a violent secessionist campaign against the Sri Lankan Government since the 1970s in order to secure independence for the Tamil portions of Sri Lanka. ... The Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) is the most powerful radical faction waging holy war against Colonel Moammar al-Qadhafi. ... The Moroccan Islamic Combatant Group (Groupe Islamique Combattant Marocain, or GICM) is an extremist Islamic fundamentalist group operating in North Africa and suspected of having links with al-Qaida. ... ... Ejército de Liberación Nacional (usually abbreviated to ELN), or National Liberation Army, is a revolutionary, Marxist, insurgent guerrilla group that has been operating in several regions of Colombia since 1964. ... The Palestine Liberation Front (PLF) was founded to create a Palestinian state; it was headquartered first in Lebanon, and later in Tunisia. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... The emblem of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad shows a map of the land they claim as Palestine (roughly, present-day Israel, the West Bank and the Gaza Strip) superimposed on the images of the Dome of the Rock, two fists and two rifles. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine (PFLP) (Arabic الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين - al-jabhah al-sha`biyyah li-tahrÄ«r filastÄ«n) is a Marxist-Leninist, nationalist Palestinian political and military organization, founded in 1967. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... The Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine - General Command (الجبهة الشعبية لتحرير فلسطين - القيادة العامة) is a left-wing Palestinian nationalist organization, backed by Syria. ... Palestine (from Latin: ; Hebrew: Pleshet, פלשתינה Palestina; Arabic: ‎ FilastÄ«n, FalastÄ«n) is one of several names for the geographic region between the Mediterranean Sea and the banks of the Jordan River with various adjoining lands. ... Osama bin Laden Ayman al-Zawahiri Al-Qaeda (Arabic: , al-Qā‘idah; the foundation or the base) is the name given to an international Islamic fundamentalist campaign comprised of independent and collaborative cells that all profess the same cause of reducing outside influence upon Islamic affairs. ... Categories: Wikipedia cleanup | Organization stubs | Terrorist organizations in Northern Ireland | Rebellion ... Motto: (French for God and my right)2 Anthem: UK: God Save the Queen Regional: (De facto) Londonderry Air Capital Belfast Largest city Belfast Official language(s) English (De facto), Irish, Ulster Scots 3 Government Constitutional monarchy  - Queen Queen Elizabeth II  - Prime Minister Tony Blair MP  - First Minister Office suspended... The FARC-EPs flag The Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia–Ejército del Pueblo or FARC-EP (Spanish for Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia–Peoples Army) is Colombias oldest and largest guerrilla group, established in 1964-1966 as the military wing of the Colombian Communist Party. ... Revolutionary Nuclei (Επαναστατικοί Πυρήνες, Epanastatiki Pyrines) is a leftist revolutionary group in Greece, formed in 1995. ... now. ... DHKP flag DHKC flag The Revolutionary Peoples Liberation Party/Front, (Turkish: Devrimci Halk KurtuluÅŸ Partisi/Cephesi or DHKP/C) is a militant Marxist-Leninist party in Turkey. ... The Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat (French Groupe Salafiste pour la Prédication et le Combat) is an Algerian Islamist guerilla group which aims to overthrow the Algerian state and institute some sort of Islamic republic. ... Shining Path poster supporting an electoral boycott The Communist Party of Peru (Spanish: El Partido Comunista del Perú), more commonly known as the Shining Path (Sendero Luminoso), is a Maoist guerrilla organization in Peru. ... Al-Qaeda in Iraq members with Shosei Koda. ... The AUCs logo The United Self-Defense Forces of Colombia (Autodefensas Unidas de Colombia, or AUC, in Spanish), were formed in April 1997 as an umbrella paramilitary federation seeking to consolidate many local and regional paramilitary groups in Colombia, each intending to protect different local economic, social and political...

See also

• U.K. List of Proscribed Groups
• List of terrorist organisations

The Terrorism Act 2000 is a current United Kingdom Act of Parliament - An Act to make provision about terrorism; and to make temporary provision for Northern Ireland about the prosecution and punishment of certain offences, the preservation of peace and the maintenance of order. ... The list is of organizations , many (not all) of whom have been proscribed as terrorist organizations by approporiate authorities, including the United Nations and national governments. ...

External links

• US Department of State's Foreign Terrorist Organizations Fact Sheet, upon which this article is based.
• US Department of the Treasury, Office of Foreign Assets Control, 'What you need to know about U.S. Sanctions'