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UNIVAC serves as the catch-all name for the American manufacturers of the lines of mainframe computers by that name, which through mergers and acquisitions underwent numerous name changes. The company UNIVAC began as the business computer division of Remington Rand formed by the 1950 purchase of the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation, founded four years earlier by ENIAC inventors J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly. Image File history File links Information_icon. ... A BlueGene supercomputer cabinet. ... A Remington Rand branded typewriter Remington Rand was an early American computer manufacturer, best known as the original maker of the UNIVAC I, and now part of Unisys. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... The Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC) was founded by J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly, and was incorporated on December 22, 1947. ... ENIAC ENIAC, short for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer[1], was the first large-scale, electronic, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems[2], although earlier computers had been built with some of these properties. ... John Presper Eckert, a computer pioneer, was born April 9, 1919 in Philadelphia and died June 3, 1995 in Bryn Mawr, Pennsylvania. ... Eckert and Mauchly examine a printout of ENIAC results in a newsreel from February 1946. ...

Corporate history and structure

UNIVAC® Sperry Rand label

Eckert and Mauchly built the ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer) at the University of Pennsylvania's Moore School of Electrical Engineering between 1943 and 1946. A March 1946 patent rights dispute with the university led Eckert and Mauchly to depart the Moore School to form the Electronic Control Company, later renamed Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC), based in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. That company first built a computer called BINAC (BInary Automatic Computer) for Northrop Aviation (which was little used, or perhaps not at all). Afterwards began the development of UNIVAC. UNIVAC was first intended for the Bureau of the Census, which paid for much of the development, and then was put in production. UNIVAC SPERRY RAND Computer Label found in Athens, Greece. ... UNIVAC SPERRY RAND Computer Label found in Athens, Greece. ... ENIAC ENIAC, short for Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer[1], was the first large-scale, electronic, digital computer capable of being reprogrammed to solve a full range of computing problems[2], although earlier computers had been built with some of these properties. ... This article is about the private university in Philadelphia. ... The Moore School of Electrical Engineering at the University of Pennsylvania came into existence as a result of an endowment from Alfred Fitler Moore on June 4th, 1923. ... Year 1943 (MCMXLIII) was a common year starting on Friday (the link is to a full 1943 calendar). ... Year 1946 (MCMXLVI) was a common year starting on Tuesday. ... The Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation (EMCC) was founded by J. Presper Eckert and John William Mauchly, and was incorporated on December 22, 1947. ... Nickname: City of Brotherly Love, Philly, the Quaker City Motto: Philadelphia maneto (Let brotherly love continue) Location in Pennsylvania Coordinates: Country United States State Pennsylvania County Philadelphia Founded October 27, 1682 Incorporated October 25, 1701 Mayor John F. Street (D) Area    - City 369. ... BINAC, the Binary Automatic Computer, was an early electronic computer designed for Northrop Aircraft Company by the Eckert-Mauchly Computer Corporation in 1949. ... The United States Census Bureau (officially Bureau of the Census) is a part of the United States Department of Commerce. ...

With the death of EMCC's chairman and chief financial backer Henry Strauss in a plane crash on October 25, 1949, EMCC was sold to typewriter maker Remington Rand on February 15, 1950. (Eckert and Mauchly now reported to Leslie Groves, the retired army general who had headed up the Manhattan Project.) Remington Rand had its own lab in Norwalk, Connecticut, and later bought Engineering Research Associates in St. Paul, Minnesota. Remington Rand merged these groups, calling the result the Univac Division of Remington Rand. Henry George Strauss (24 June 1892 – 28 August 1974) was a very quotable British lawyer and a conservative member of Parliament representing at various times Norwich, the Combined English Universities and Norwich South. ... October 25 is the 298th day of the year (299th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1949 (MCMXLIX) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1949 calendar). ... February 15 is the 46th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar. ... 1950 (MCML) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will take you to calendar). ... Leslie Groves Leslie Richard Groves (August 17, 1896 - July 13, 1970) was a member of the United States Army who oversaw the construction of the Pentagon and the primary military leader in charge of the Manhattan Project to develop the atomic bomb during World War II. The son of a... The Manhattan Project resulted in the development of the first nuclear weapons, and the first-ever nuclear detonation, at the Trinity test of July 16, 1945. ... Motto: The Right Place, The Right Time Location in Fairfield County, Connecticut Coordinates: NECTA Bridgeport-Stamford Region South Western Region Incorporated 1651 Consolidated 1913 Government type Mayor-council Mayor Dick Moccia Area    - City 36. ... Engineering Research Associates, commonly known as ERA, was a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s. ... State capitol building in Saint Paul Saint Paul is the capital and second-largest city of the state of Minnesota in the United States of America. ...

The most famous UNIVAC product was the UNIVAC I mainframe computer of 1951, which became known for predicting the outcome of the U.S. presidential election the following year. UNIVAC I Central Complex, containing the central processor and main memory unit. ... This article or section does not cite its references or sources. ... 1951 (MCMLI) was a common year starting on Monday; see its calendar. ...

In 1953 or 1954 Remington Rand merged their tabulating machine division in Norwalk, Connecticut, the Engineering Research Associates "scientific" computer division, and the UNIVAC "business" computer division into a single division under the UNIVAC name. 1953 (MCMLIII) was a common year starting on Thursday. ... Year 1954 (MCMLIV) was a common year starting on Friday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Motto: The Right Place, The Right Time Location in Fairfield County, Connecticut Coordinates: NECTA Bridgeport-Stamford Region South Western Region Incorporated 1651 Consolidated 1913 Government type Mayor-council Mayor Dick Moccia Area    - City 36. ... Engineering Research Associates, commonly known as ERA, was a pioneering computer firm from the 1950s. ...

In 1955 Remington Rand merged with Sperry Corporation to become Sperry Rand. The UNIVAC division of Remington Rand was renamed the Univac division of Sperry Rand. General Douglas MacArthur was chosen to head the company. Around 1975, to assist "corporate identity" the name was changed to Sperry Univac, along with "Sperry Remington", "Sperry New Holland" etc. 1955 (MCMLV) was a common year starting on Saturday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Sperry Corporation was a major American equipment and electronics company whose existence spanned more than seven decades of the twentieth century. ... Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 - April 5, 1964), was a famous American general who played a prominent role in the Pacific theater of World War II. He was poised to command the invasion of Japan in November 1945 but was instead instructed to accept their surrender on September 2, 1945. ...

In the 1960s, UNIVAC was one of the eight major computer companies in an industry then referred to as "Snow White and the seven dwarfs"—IBM, the largest, being Snow White and the others being the dwarfs: Burroughs, NCR, Control Data Corporation, General Electric, RCA and Honeywell. (Another industry player, albeit much smaller, was Scientific Data Systems). In the 1970s, after GE sold its computer business to Honywell and RCA sold its to Univac, the analogy to the seven dwarfs of legend became less apt and the remaining small firms became known as the "BUNCH" (Burroughs, Univac, NCR, Control Data, and Honeywell). The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... International Business Machines Corporation (known as IBM or Big Blue; NYSE: IBM) is a multinational computer technology corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. ... William Seward Burroughs (1857-1898), US inventor William S. Burroughs (1914-1997), author and grandson of William Seward Burroughs Edgar Rice Burroughs (1875-1950), American author of Tarzan fame The Burroughs Corporation began in 1886 as the American Arithmometer Company in St. ... NCR can refer to several topics: National Capital Region, the conurbations that surround the national capitals of several countries. ... Control Data Corporation, or CDC, was one of the pioneering supercomputer firms. ... GE redirects here. ... RCAs logo as seen today on many products. ... Honeywell Heating Specialties Company Stock Certificate dated 1924 signed by Mark C. Honeywell - courtesy of Scripophily. ... Scientific Data Systems, or SDS, was a computer company founded in September 1961 by Max Palevsky, a veteran of Packard Bell and Bendix, along with eleven other computer scientists. ... The group of competitors (mainframe computer manufacturers) to IBM in the 1960s became known as the BUNCH: Burroughs, UNIVAC, NCR, Control Data Corporation, and Honeywell. ...

In 1978 Sperry Rand, an old fashioned conglomerate of disharmonious divisions (computers, typewriters, office furniture, hay balers, manure spreaders, gyroscopes, avionics, radar, electric razors), decided to concentrate on its computing interests and unrelated divisions were sold. The company dropped the Rand from its title and reverted back to Sperry Corporation. 1978 (MCMLXXVIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

In 1986, Sperry Corporation merged with Burroughs Corporation to become Unisys. 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... William Seward Burroughs (1857-1898), US inventor William S. Burroughs (1914-1997), author and grandson of William Seward Burroughs Edgar Rice Burroughs (1875-1950), American author of Tarzan fame The Burroughs Corporation began in 1886 as the American Arithmometer Company in St. ... Unisys Corporation (NYSE: UIS), based in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States, and incorporated in Delaware[2], is a global provider of information technology services and solutions. ...

Since the 1986 marriage of Burroughs and Sperry, Unisys has metamorphosed from a computer manufacturer to a computer services and outsourcing firm, competing in the same marketplace as IBM, Electronic Data Systems (EDS), and Computer Sciences Corporation. Unisys continues to design and manufacture enterprise class computers with the ClearPath and ES7000 server lines. 1986 (MCMLXXXVI) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Outsourcing entered the business lexicon in the 1980s and often refers to the delegation of non-core operations from internal production to an external entity specialising in the management of that operation. ... International Business Machines Corporation (known as IBM or Big Blue; NYSE: IBM) is a multinational computer technology corporation headquartered in Armonk, New York, USA. The company is one of the few information technology companies with a continuous history dating back to the 19th century. ... Electronic Data Systems (EDS) (NYSE: EDS, LSE: EDC) is a global business and technology services company that defined the outsourcing business when it was established in 1962 by Ross Perot. ... Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) NYSE: CSC is an information technology (IT) and business services company headquartered in El Segundo, California, USA. Its mission is to help clients achieve strategic goals and profit from the use of information technology. ...

Models

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In the course of its history, UNIVAC produced a number of separate model ranges. The following incomplete overview should be updated. Image File history File links Wiki_letter_w. ...

• The original model range was the UNIVAC I (UNIVersal Automatic Computer I), the first commercial computer made in the United States. The main memory consisted of tanks of liquid mercury implementing delay line memory, arranged in 1000 words of 12 alphanumeric characters each. The first machine was delivered on 31 March 1951. Successor machines included:
  • The UNIVAC II was an improvement to the UNIVAC I that UNIVAC first delivered in 1958. The improvements included magnetic (non-mercury) core memory of 2000 to 10000 words, UNISERVO II tape drives which could use either the old UNIVAC I metal tapes or the new PET film tapes, and some circuits that were transistorized (although it was still a vacuum tube computer). It was fully compatible with existing UNIVAC I programs for both code and data. The UNIVAC II also added some instructions to the UNIVAC I's instruction set.
  • UNIVAC III. Sperry Rand began shipment in 1962 and produced 96 UNIVAC III systems. Unlike the UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II, however, it was a binary machine as well as maintaining support for all UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II decimal and alphanumeric data formats for backward compatibility. This was the last of the original UNIVAC machines.
• The UNIVAC Solid State was a 2-address, bi-quinary coded decimal computer, with memory on a rotating drum with 5000 signed 10 digit words. It was one of the first computers to use some solid-state components. It came in two versions: the Solid State 80 (IBM-style 80 column cards) and the Solid State 90 (UNIVAC-style 90 column cards).
• Early UNIVAC 110x vacuum tube computers
  • UNIVAC 1101, or ERA 1101, was a computer system designed by Engineering Research Associates (ERA) and built by the Remington Rand corporation in the 1950s. It was a 24 bit machine with drum memory.
  • The UNIVAC 1102 or ERA 1102 was designed by Engineering Research Associates for the United States Air Force.
  • The UNIVAC 1103 was a successor to the UNIVAC 1101 introduced in 1953. It was a 36 bit machine using hybrid memory of magnetic drum and Williams tubes. An upgraded version UNIVAC 1103A was released in 1956 and was a contemporary of the IBM 704. It bears the distinction of being the first machine to use magnetic core store (instead of the Williams Tubes).
  • The UNIVAC 1104 computer system was a 30-bit version of the UNIVAC 1103 built for Westinghouse Electric, in 1957, for use on the BOMARC Missile Program. However, by the time the BOMARC was deployed in the 1960s, a more modern computer (a version of the AN/USQ-20, designated the G-40) had replaced the UNIVAC 1104.
  • The UNIVAC 1105 was the successor to the 1103A, and was introduced in 1958.
• The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit transistorized computer systems initially made by Sperry Rand. The series continues to be supported today by Unisys Corporation as the ClearPath Plus Dorado Series.
  • The UNIVAC 1107 was the first member of Sperry Univac's UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in October 1962. It represented a marked change of architecture: unlike previous models, it was not a strict two-address machine: it was a single address machine with up to 65536 words of 36-bit core memory. The machine's registers were stored in 128 words of thin film memory, a faster form of magnetic storage. With 6 cycles of thin film memory per 4 microsecond main memory cycle, address indexing was performed without a cycle time penalty. Only 36 systems were sold.
  • 

    

    Univac 1108
    The UNIVAC 1108 was the second member of Sperry Univac's UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in 1964. It was the first multiprocessor machine in the series, capable of expansion to three CPUs and two IOCs (Input/Output Control Units). To support this, it had up to 262144 words of eight-ported main memory: separate instruction and data paths for each CPU, and one path for each IOC. The instruction set was very similar to that of the 1107, but included some additional instructions, including the "Test and Set" instruction for multiprocessor synchronization. Some models of the 1108 implemented the ability to divide words into 4 – 9-bit bytes, allowing use of ASCII characters.
  • The UNIVAC 1106 was the third member of Sperry Univac's UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in December 1969 and was absolutely identical to the UNIVAC 1108 in instruction set. Like the 1108, it was multiprocessor capable, though it appears that it was never supplied with more than (can someone fill in the number here?) CPUs, and it was not supplied with any IOCs. Early versions of the UNIVAC 1106 were simply half speed UNIVAC 1108 systems. Later Sperry Univac used a different memory system which was inherently slower and cheaper than that of the UNIVAC 1108. Sperry Univac sold a total of 338 processors in 1106 systems.
  • The UNIVAC 1110 was the fourth member of Sperry Univac's UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in 1972. The UNIVAC 1110 had enhanced multiprocessing support: sixteen-way memory access allowed up to six CAUs (Command Arithmetic Unit, the new name for CPU) and four IOAUs (Input Output Access Units, the new name for IOPU). It also had 'extended memory' cabinets accessible in a 'daisy chain' arrangement to augment main storage. The larger configurations, 6x4+ were used by NASA. It also introduced an extension to the instruction set, of 'Byte Instructions'. Sperry Univac sold a total of 290 processors in 1110 systems.
  • In 1975, Sperry Univac introduced a new series of machines with semiconductor memory replacing core, with a new naming convention:
    • An upgraded 1106 was called the UNIVAC 1100/10. In this new naming convention, the final digit represented the number of CPUs or CAUs in the system.
    • An upgraded 1108 was called the UNIVAC 1100/20.
    • An upgraded 1110 was released as the UNIVAC 1100/40.
    • The UNIVAC 1100/60 was introduced in 1979.
    • The UNIVAC 1100/70 was introduced in 1981.
    • The UNIVAC 1100/80 was introduced in 1979. Intended to combine 1100 and 494 systems.
    • The UNIVAC 1100/90 was introduced in 1982. It was liquid-cooled.

The 1100/80 introduced a cache memory - the SIU or Storage Interface Unit. It incorporated a mini-computer, based on the BC/7 (business computer) as a maintenance processor. This was used to load microcode, and for diagnostic purposes. Power was 400Hz, to reduce large scale DC power supplies. UNIVAC I Central Complex, containing the central processor and main memory unit. ... Mercury memory of UNIVAC I (1951) Delay line memory was a form of computer memory used on some of the earliest digital computers, such as the EDSAC and UNIVAC I. The basic concept of the delay line originated with World War II radar research, specifically to reduce clutter from reflections... UNIVAC I Central Complex, containing the central processor and main memory unit. ... Year 1958 (MCMLVIII) was a common year starting on Wednesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... A 16×16 cm area core memory plane of 128×128 bits, i. ... Biaxially-oriented polyethylene terephthalate (boPET) polyester film is used for its high tensile strength, chemical and dimensional stability, transparency, gas and aroma barrier properties and electrical insulation. ... Assorted transistors A transistor is a semiconductor device that uses a small amount of voltage or electrical current to control a larger change in voltage or current. ... In electronics, a vacuum tube or (outside North America) thermionic valve or just valve, is a device generally used to amplify, switch or otherwise modify, a signal by controlling the movement of electrons in an evacuated space. ... The UNIVAC III, designed as improvement to the UNIVAC I and UNIVAC II, was introduced in June 1962. ... The UNIVAC Solid State was a 2-address, bi-quinary coded decimal computer, with memory on a rotating drum with 5000 signed 10 digit words, spinning at 17,667 RPM in a helium atmosphere. ... In electronics, a vacuum tube or (outside North America) thermionic valve or just valve, is a device generally used to amplify, switch or otherwise modify, a signal by controlling the movement of electrons in an evacuated space. ... The UNIVAC 1101, or ERA 1101, was a computer system designed by Engineering Research Associates (ERA) and built by the Remington Rand corporation in the 1950s. ... The UNIVAC 1102 or ERA 1102 was designed by Engineering Research Associates for the United States Air Forces Arnold Engineering Development Center in Tullahoma, Tennessee in response to a request for proposal issued in 1950. ... The UNIVAC 1103 or ERA 1103, a successor to the UNIVAC 1101, was a computer system designed by Engineering Research Associates and built by the Remington Rand corporation in October, 1953. ... The Williams tube or (more accurately) the Williams-Kilburn tube (after Freddie Williams and coworker Tom Kilburn), developed about 1946 or 1947, was a cathode ray tube used to store electronic data. ... The UNIVAC 1103A or Univac Scientific was an upgraded version of the UNIVAC 1103 introduced by Sperry Rand in March, 1956. ... Year 1956 (MCMLVI) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar. ... The IBM 704, the first mass-produced computer with floating point arithmetic hardware, was introduced by IBM in April, 1956. ... A BlueGene supercomputer cabinet. ... This article is about the unit of information. ... The UNIVAC 1103 or ERA 1103, a successor to the UNIVAC 1101, was a computer system designed by Engineering Research Associates and built by the Remington Rand corporation in October, 1953. ... Westinghouse logo (designed by Paul Rand) The Westinghouse Electric Company, headquartered in Monroeville, Pennsylvania, is an organization founded by George Westinghouse in 1886. ... Year 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Bomarc missile launch The Bomarc Missile Program was a joint United States of America-Canada effort between 1957 and 1971 to protect against the USSR bomber threat. ... The 1960s decade refers to the years from January 1, 1960 to December 31, 1969, inclusive. ... The AN/USQ-20, or Navy Tactical Data System (NTDS), was designed as a more reliable replacement for the AN/USQ-17 with the same instruction set. ... The UNIVAC 1105 was a follow-on computer to the UNIVAC 1103A introduced by Sperry Rand in September, 1958. ... The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit computer systems, beginning with the UNIVAC 1107 in 1962, initially made by Sperry Rand. ... Assorted transistors A transistor is a semiconductor device that uses a small amount of voltage or electrical current to control a larger change in voltage or current. ... Unisys Corporation (NYSE: UIS), based in Blue Bell, Pennsylvania, United States, and incorporated in Delaware[2], is a global provider of information technology services and solutions. ... The UNIVAC 1107 was the first member of Sperry Rands UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in October 1962. ... The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit computer systems, beginning with the UNIVAC 1107 in 1962, initially made by Sperry Rand. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... Thin film memory is a high-speed variation of core memory developed by Sperry Rand in a government-funded research project. ... Image File history File links UnivacII.jpg Summary Promotional photo distributed in 1969 by the computer manufacturer. ... Image File history File links UnivacII.jpg Summary Promotional photo distributed in 1969 by the computer manufacturer. ... The UNIVAC 1108 was the second member of Sperry Rands UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in 1964. ... The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit computer systems, beginning with the UNIVAC 1107 in 1962, initially made by Sperry Rand. ... 1964 (MCMLXIV) was a leap year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1964 calendar). ... There are 95 printable ASCII characters, numbered 32 to 126. ... The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit computer systems, beginning with the UNIVAC 1107 in 1962, initially made by Sperry Rand. ... Year 1969 (MCMLXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (the link is to a full 1969 calendar). ... The UNIVAC 1108 was the second member of Sperry Rands UNIVAC 1100 series of computers, introduced in 1964. ... An instruction set, or instruction set architecture (ISA), describes the aspects of a computer architecture visible to a programmer, including the native datatypes, instructions, registers, addressing modes, memory architecture, interrupt and exception handling, and external I/O (if any). ... The UNIVAC 1100/2200 series is a series of compatible 36-bit computer systems, beginning with the UNIVAC 1107 in 1962, initially made by Sperry Rand. ... 1972 (MCMLXXII) was a leap year starting on Saturday. ... UNIVAC 1100/60 The UNIVAC 1100/60, introduced in 1979, continued the venerable UNIVAC 1100 series first introduced in 1962 with the UNIVAC 1107. ... Top of the range, liquid cooled vesion of the 1100 series mainframes. ...

• Remington Rand 409 was a plug-board programmed punch card calculator, designed in 1949.
• The UNIVAC 418 was an 18-bit word core memory machine. Over the three different models, more than 392 systems were manufactured.
• The UNIVAC 490 was a 30-bit word core memory machine with 16K or 32K words; 4.8 microsecond cycle time.
• The UNIVAC 492 is similar to the UNIVAC 490, but with extended memory to 64K 30-bit words.
• The UNIVAC 494 was a 30-bit word machine and successor to the UNIVAC 490/492 with faster CPU and 131K core memory. Up to 24 I/O channels were available and the system was usually shipped with UNIVAC FH880 or UNIVAC FH432 or FH1782 magnetic drum storage. Basic operating system was OMEGA (successor to REX for the 490) although custom operating systems were also used (e.g. CONTORTS for airline reservations).
• The UNIVAC 1004 was a plug-board programmed punch card data processing system, introduced in 1962, by UNIVAC. Total memory was 961 characters (6 bits) of core memory. Peripherals were a card reader (400 cards/minute), a card punch (200 cards/minute) using 90 column round hole cards or IBM compatible 80 column cards, and a drum printer (400 lines/minute). The 1004 was also supported as a remote card reader & printer via synchronous communication services.
• The UNIVAC 1005, an enhanced version of the UNIVAC 1004, was introduced in February 1966. The main improvement over the 1004 was conversion from the plug-board program to an internal stored program. The machine saw extensive use by the US Army, including the first use of an electronic computer on the battlefield. Additional peripherals were also available including a paper tape reader and a three pocket stacker selectable card read/punch. It also had a three stage card based compiler for a programming language SARGE.
• The UNIVAC 1050 was an internally programmed computer with up to 32K of 6-bit character memory, which was introduced in 1963. It was a 1-address machine with 30-bit instructions, had a 4K operating system and was programmed in the PAL assembly language.
• The Sperry UNIVAC System 80 series was introduced in 1981.
• The UNIVAC 9000 Series was introduced in the early 1970's to compete with the low end of the IBM 360 series. The 9000 series implemented the IBM 360 instruction set. The 9200 and 9300 (which differed only in CPU speed) implemented the same restricted 360 subset as the IBM 360/20, while the UNIVAC 9400 implemented the full 360 instruction set. The 9400 was roughly equivalent to the IBM 360/30. The 9000 series used 'Plated Wire Memory', which functioned somewhat like core memory but used a non-destructive read. Since the 9000 series was intended as direct competitors to IBM, they used 80-column cards and EBCDIC character encoding.
  • The UNIVAC 9200 was marketed as a functional replacement for the 1004 and as a direct competitor to the IBM 360/20. The printer-processor was one cabinet, the power supply and memory another and the card reader and optional card punch made an 'L' shaped configuration. Memory was 4KiB expandable to 16KiB. The printer differed from earlier UNIVAC printers, being similar to IBM's "bar printer" of the same era. It used an oscillating-type bar instead of the drums that had been used until this point, and ran at speeds up to 300 lines per minute.

UNIVAC 120 The Remington Rand 409 plugboard programmed punch card calculator, designed in 1949, was sold in two models: the UNIVAC 60 (1952) and the UNIVAC 120 (1953). ... Plugboard. ... Punched cards (or Hollerith cards, or IBM cards), are pieces of stiff paper that contain digital information represented by the presence or absence of holes in predefined positions. ... This article is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. ... The UNIVAC 490 was a 30-bit word core memory machine with 16K or 32K words; 4. ... The UNIVAC 490 was a 30-bit word core memory machine with 16K or 32K words; 4. ... Extended memory refers to memory above the first megabyte of address space in an IBM PC with an 80286 or later processor. ... In computing, word is a term for the natural unit of data used by a particular computer design. ... CPU redirects here. ... 1962 (MCMLXII) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1962 calendar). ... A 16×16 cm area core memory plane of 128×128 bits, i. ... 1966 (MCMLXVI) was a common year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1966 calendar). ... The so-called von Neumann architecture is a model for a computing machine that uses a single storage structure to hold both the set of instructions on how to perform the computation and the data required or generated by the computation. ... The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States armed forces and has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ... The UNIVAC 1050 was a variable wordlength (1 to 16 characters) decimal and binary computer. ... 1963 (MCMLXIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday (the link is to a full 1963 calendar). ... A 16×16 cm area core memory plane of 128×128 bits, i. ... The UNIVAC 1004 was a plugboard-programmed punch card data processing system, introduced in 1962, by Univac. ... According to the International Electrotechnical Commission a kibibyte (a contraction of kilo binary byte) is a unit of information or computer storage. ...

Operating systems

The 1107 was the first 36-bit, word-oriented machine with an architecture close to that which came to be known as that of the "1100 Series." It ran the EXEC II operating system, a batch-oriented second-generation operating system, typical of the early to mid-1960s. The 1108 ran EXEC II and EXEC 8. EXEC 8 allowed simultaneous handling of real-time applications, time-sharing, and background batch work. TIP, a transaction-processing environment, allowed programs to be written in COBOL whereas similar programs on competing systems were written in assembly language. On later systems, EXEC 8 was renamed OS1100 and OS2200, with modern descendants maintaining backwards compatibility. Some more exotic operating systems ran on the 1108—one of which was RTOS, a more bare-bones system designed to take better advantage of the hardware. Word orientation refers to forms of data processing in which digital data are procesed wordwise. ... A typical vision of a computer architecture as a series of abstraction layers: hardware, firmware, assembler, kernel, operating system and applications (see also Tanenbaum 79). ... EXEC II was an operating system developed for the UNIVAC 1107 by Computer Sciences Corporation (CSC) while under contract to Univac to develop the machines COBOL compiler. ... Batch processing is the execution of a series of programs (jobs) on a computer without human interaction, when possible. ... An operating system (OS) is a computer program that manages the hardware and software resources of a computer. ... EXEC 8 (sometimes referred to as EXEC VIII) was UNIVACs operating system developed for the UNIVAC 1108 in 1964. ...

The affordable System 80 series of small mainframes ran the OS/3 operating system.

Jesse was here sorry about the other stuff i replaced

See also

• List of UNIVAC products
• FASTRAND
• History of computing hardware

This is a list of UNIVAC products. ... FASTRAND was a magnetic drum mass storage system built by Sperry Rand Corporation for their UNIVAC 1100 series computers. ... Computing hardware has been an important component of the process of calculation and data storage since it became useful for numerical values to be processed and shared. ...

External links

• UNIVAC® Memories;
• Unisys History Newsletter.
• Universal Automatic Computer Model II
• UNIVAC 1004 80/90 Card Processor
• The Case 1107
• Unisys History Newsletter. Volume 1, Number 3
• UNIVAC timeline
• A still functional UNIVAC 9400 in a German computer museum
• UNIVAC Simulator 1.2 – by Peter Zilahy Ingerman; Shareware simulator of the UNIVAC I and II
• UNIVAC I/II console photos, 1948-1955 marketing documentation and flash video (Off The Broiler blog)