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Operation Provide Relief (UNOSOM I) was a United Nation (UN) sponsored effort to provide humanitarian relief for the people of Somalia who were facing a severe famine, initiated and exacerbated by the ongoing Somoli civil war. It was initiated and spearheaded by the United States of America and other Western nations contributed to this airlift with the UN sent some troops to oversee the operation. However most of the food was looted shortly upon the landing of these planes. This made the operation a failure and the UN therefore asked its members for assistance, leading to Operation Restore Hope (UNOSOM II). This article is about the United Nations, for other uses of UN see UN (disambiguation) Official languages English, French, Spanish, Russian, Chinese, Arabic Secretary-General Kofi Annan (since 1997) Established October 24, 1945 Member states 191 Headquarters New York City, NY, USA Official site http://www. ...
A famine is a phenomenon in which a large percentage of the population of a region or country are so undernourished that death by starvation becomes increasingly common. ...
A civil war is a war in which the competing parties are segments of the same country or empire. ...
Operation Restore Hope (UNOSOM II) was an American military operation with the support of the United Nations which was formed to deliver humanitarian aid and restore order to the African nation of Somalia which was suffering from a severe famine, general anarchy, and domination by a number of warlords following...
Background
 Rules of Engagement for Operation Provide Relief, 1992. In January 1991, the leader of Somalia, Mohammed Siad Barre, was overthrown by a coalition of opposing clans called the United Somalia Congress. After this revolution the coalition divided into two groups. One was led by Ali Mahdi, who became president, and the other by Mohammed Farah Aidid. In total there were four opposing groups: the United Somali Congress (USC), Somali Salvation Democratic Front (SSDF), Somali Patriotic Movement (SPM), and Somali Democratic Movement (SDM) which continued to fight over the domination of Somalia. In June 1991 a ceasefire was agreed, which these groups however failed to hold. A fifth group; the Somali National Movement (SNM) had already in June seceded in the northwest portion of Somalia, re-naming it the Somaliland Republic, with the leader of the SNM, Abdel-Rahman Ahmed Ali as president. Rules of Engagement for Operation Provide Relief, 1992. ...
Rules of Engagement for Operation Provide Relief, 1992. ...
1991 (MCMXCI) is a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ...
Mohamed Siad Barre (Somali: Maxamed Siyaad Bare) (1919/1921? - January 2, 1995) was the self-proclaimed socialist president of Somalia from 1969 to 1991. ...
Mohamed Farrah Aidid USASOC Photo Date of birth 1934 Place of birth Somalia, Africa Date of death August 1, 1996 (gunshot wounds) Place of death Somalia Occupation Military intelligence Military education Trained in Rome and Moscow. ...
Somali Salvation Democratic Front (in Somali: Jabhadda Diimuqraadiga Badbaadinta Soomaaliyeed), formed in 1981 as the Democratic Front for Salvation of Somalia. ...
Somali National Movement. ...
Motto: Freedom, Democracy and Success for All Anthem: Samo ku waar Samo ku waar Saamo ku waar Capital Hargeisa Largest city Hargeisa Official languages Somali Government President republic Dahir Riyale Kahin Independence - Declared - Recognition From Somalia - 1991 - none Area • Total • Water (%) 137,600 km² (-) n/a Population • 2005 est. ...
In September 1991, severe fighting broke out in Mogadishu which continued in the following months and spread throughout the country with over 20,000 people killed or injured by the end of the year. Mogadishu Mogadishu (Somali: Muqdisho), a city in East Africa on the Indian Ocean, serves as the nominal capital of anarchic Somalia. ...
These wars led to the destruction of the agriculture of Somalia which in turn led to starvation in large parts of Somalia. The international community begun to sent food supplies to halt the starvation. However vast amounts of food were hijacked and brought to local clan leaders. The food was routinely exchanged with other countries for weapons by them. An estimated 80% of the food was stolen. These factors led to even more starvation of which an estimated 300,000 people died and another 1,5 million suffering between 1991 and 1992. In July 1992, after a ceasefire between the opposing clan factions, the United Nations (UN) sent 50 military observers to hold sight on the distribution of the food. A Somali rancher herds cattle in Kismayo. ...
The term international community can refer to either: All the lands represented in United Nations. ...
Starvation is a severe reduction in vitamin, nutrient, and energy intake, and is the most extreme form of malnutrition. ...
A clan is a group of people united by kinship and descent, which is defined by perceived descent from a common ancestor. ...
1992 (MCMXCII) was a leap year starting on Wednesday. ...
The examples and perspective in this article do not represent a worldwide view. ...
Operation Provide Relief in began in August 1992, when the White House announced US military transports would support the multinational UN relief effort in Somalia. Ten C-130s and 400 people deployed to Mombasa, Kenya, during Operation Provide Relief, airlifting aid to remote areas in Somalia to reduce reliance on truck convoys. One member of the 86th Supply Squadron deployed with the ground support contingent, USAFE's only contribution to the operation. The Air Force C-130s delivered 48,000 tons of food and medical supplies in six months to international humanitarian organizations, trying to help the over three million starving people in the country. When this proved inadequate to stop the massive death and displacement of Somali people (500,000 dead; 1.5 million refugees or displaced), the U.S. in December 1992 launched a major coalition operation, Operation Restore Hope to assist and protect humanitarian activities. The southern side of the White House The White House is the official residence and principal workplace of the President of the United States. ...
The Lockheed C-130 Hercules, a four-engine turboprop aircraft, is the main tactical air transport aircraft of the United States and UK military forces. ...
Mombasa is the second largest city in Kenya. ...
Categories: Stub | Commands of the U.S. Air Force ...
Operation Restore Hope (UNOSOM II) was an American military operation with the support of the United Nations which was formed to deliver humanitarian aid and restore order to the African nation of Somalia which was suffering from a severe famine, general anarchy, and domination by a number of warlords following...
That operation was eventually successful in stopping the famine and saving an estimated 200,000 lives, as well as de-escalating the high-intensity civil war into low-level, local skirmishes, but after a long and protracted effort and eventual pull-out of US forces following the Battle of Mogadishu. The operation has been cricicised for expanding beyond its original boundaries ("mission creep"). The Refugee Policy Group (NGO in Washington) in November 1994 "Lives Lost, Lives Saved: Excess Mortality and the Impact of Health Intermventions in the Somalia Emergency" believes that any assessment of the success of Operation Provide Relief is "so fraught with methodological problems that it is rarely attempted." As such, they offer a conservative estimate that about 100,000 lives were saved as a result of outside assistance, about 10,000 after the United States as part of Operation Provide Relief. They also conclude that some 202,000 to 238,000 lives were lost to famine or famine related disease. The Battle of Mogadishu was fought between forces of the United States against Somalian guerilla fighters loyal to warlord Mohamed Farrah Aidid on October 3, 1993 in the Black Sea district of Mogadishu, Somalia. ...
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