NationMaster - Encyclopedia: US First Army

First United States Army
1st USA Color
Active	August 10, 1918 - April 20, 1919; October 1, 1933 - Present.
Country	United States
Branch	Regular Army
Type	Field Army
Garrison/HQ	Fort Gillem
Colors	Red and White

The First United States Army is a Field Army of the United States Army. Image File history File links FlagArmies. ... August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... The Regular Army is the permanent force of the United States Army that is maintained during peacetime, as opposed to those persons who may be part of a reserve or national guard outfit. ... A nations army is its military, or more specifically, all of its land forces. ... Fort Gillem is a U.S. Army military base located in Forest Park, Georgia, on the southwest edge of Atlanta. ... A nations army is its military, or more specifically, all of its land forces. ... The United States Army is the largest branch of the United States armed forces and has primary responsibility for land-based military operations. ...

1 History
2 Lineage
3 First U.S. Army Honors
- 3.1 Campaign Participation credit
- 3.2 Decorations
4 Units of the First Army[1]
5 Bilbliography
6 External links
7 References

History

First Army Shoulder Sleeve Insignia.

First Army Distinctive Unit Insignia.

First Army was first activated in August 1918. It saw action in the American Expeditionary Force in the latter stages of World War I and included many figures who were later to become very famous, such as Douglas MacArthur. First Army was deactivated after WWI in 1919. Image File history File links 1ASSI.gifâ€Ž US 1st Army SHOULDER SLEEVE INSIGNIA. // On a background equally divided horizontally white and red, 3 1/4 inches in height and 2 1/2 inches in width at base and 2 1/8 inches in width at top, a black block letter... Image File history File links 1ASSI.gifâ€Ž US 1st Army SHOULDER SLEEVE INSIGNIA. // On a background equally divided horizontally white and red, 3 1/4 inches in height and 2 1/2 inches in width at base and 2 1/8 inches in width at top, a black block letter... Image File history File links 1ADUI.gifâ€Ž U.S. 1st Army DISTINCTIVE UNIT INSIGNIA: =Description:= A gold color metal and enamel device 1 1/4 inches in height overall consisting of a black enamel capital letter A bearing three gold stars on the top cross bar and five gold on... Image File history File links 1ADUI.gifâ€Ž U.S. 1st Army DISTINCTIVE UNIT INSIGNIA: =Description:= A gold color metal and enamel device 1 1/4 inches in height overall consisting of a black enamel capital letter A bearing three gold stars on the top cross bar and five gold on... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Officers of the American Expeditionary Forces and the Baker mission The American Expeditionary Forces or AEF was the United States military force in World War I. The AEF helped the French defend the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive in May. ... {{Infobox Military Conflict |conflict = World War I |partof = |image = |caption = Clockwise from top: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks... Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 - April 5, 1964), was a famous American general who played a prominent role in the Pacific theater of World War II. He was poised to command the invasion of Japan in November 1945 but was instead instructed to accept their surrender on September 2, 1945. ...

In 1933, First Army was reactivated. It had the mission of training Army formations at the time, as did all the other field armies. Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ...

After the US entered World War II, the army moved overseas, to the United Kingdom, in order to prepare for D-Day, the invasion of Normandy. Combatants Major Allied powers: United Kingdom Soviet Union United States Republic of China and others Major Axis powers: Nazi Germany Italy Japan and others Commanders Winston Churchill Joseph Stalin Franklin Roosevelt Harry Truman Chiang Kai-Shek Adolf Hitler Benito Mussolini Hideki Tojo Casualties Military dead: 17,000,000 Civilian dead... Combatants United States United Kingdom Canada Free France Poland Germany Commanders Dwight Eisenhower (Supreme Allied Commander) Bernard Montgomery (land) Bertram Ramsay (sea) Trafford Leigh-Mallory (air) Gerd von Rundstedt (OB WEST) Erwin Rommel (Heeresgruppe B) Friedrich Dollmann () Strength 326,000 (by June 11) Unknown, probably some 1,000,000 in...

Upon going ashore on D-Day, First Army came under 21st Army Group and commanded all American ground forces. Three American divisions were landed by sea at the Western end of the beaches, and two more were landed by air. On Utah Beach the assault troops had a relatively easy time, but Omaha Beach came nearest of all of the five landing areas to disaster. The two American airborne divisions that landed were scattered all over the landscape, and caused considerable confusion amongst the German soldiers, as well as largely securing their objectives, albeit it with units completely mixed up with each other. First Army captured much of the early gains of the Allied forces in Normandy. Once the beachheads were joined up, its troops struck west and isolated the Cotentin Peninsula, and then captured Cherbourg. When the American Mulberry harbour was wrecked by a storm, Cherbourg became much more vital than it had been thought it would be. Combatants United States United Kingdom Canada Free France Poland Germany Commanders Dwight Eisenhower (Supreme Allied Commander) Bernard Montgomery (land) Bertram Ramsay (sea) Trafford Leigh-Mallory (air) Gerd von Rundstedt (OB WEST) Erwin Rommel (Heeresgruppe B) Friedrich Dollmann () Strength 326,000 (by June 11) Unknown, probably some 1,000,000 in... (Redirected from 21st Army Group) The British 21st Army Group was an important Allied force in the European Theatre of World War II. Commanded by Field Marshal Sir Bernard Montgomery it initially controlled all ground forces in Operation Overlord. ... Combatants United States Germany Commanders Brigadier General Theodore Roosevelt, Jr. ... Combatants United States Germany Commanders Lieutenant General Omar Bradley, U.S. 1st Infantry Division and U.S. 29th Infantry Division Generalleutnant Dietrich Kraiss, German 352nd Infantry Division Strength 34,000 ? Casualties 2,400 1,200 The build-up of Omaha Beach: reinforcements of men and equipment moving inland. ... Mont Saint-Michel, one of the famous symbols of Normandy. ... The Cotentin Peninsula juts out into the English Channel from Normandy towards England, forming part of the north-west coast of France. ... Cherbourg is a city of Normandy, in northwestern France, in the Manche département, of which it is a sous_préfecture. ... A Mulberry harbour was a type of temporary harbour developed in World War II to offload cargo on a beach during the Allied invasion of Normandy. ...

After the capture of Cherbourg, First Army struck south. In Operation Cobra, its forces finally managed to break through the German lines. The newly arrived Third Army was then fed through the gap and raced across France. The Army then passed from the control of 21st Army Group to the newly arrived 12th Army Group. First Army followed Third Army and helped to surround the Falaise pocket. After capturing Paris, First Army headed towards the south of the Netherlands. Operation Cobra was the codename for the World War II operation planned by United States Army General Omar Bradley to break out from the Normandy area after the previous months D-Day landings. ... The US Third Army was first activated as a formation during the First World War. ... (Redirected from 12th Army Group) The 12th Army Group was the largest and most powerful American formation ever to take to the field. ... Combatants Allied Powers Germany Commanders General Bernard Montgomery General Omar Bradley Field Marshal GÃ¼nther von Kluge Strength N/A N/A Casualties Canadian 18,000 American unknown 10,000 killed 50,000 captured During August 1944 the Falaise pocket (also known as the Chambois pocket, Chambois-Montormel pocket and... City flag City coat of arms Motto: Fluctuat nec mergitur (Latin: Tossed by the waves, she does not sink) Location Coordinates Time Zone CET (GMT +1) Administration Country France Region ÃŽle-de-France Department Paris (75) Subdivisions 20 arrondissements Mayor Bertrand DelanoÃ« (PS) (since 2001) City Statistics Land areaÂ¹ 86. ...

When the Germans attacked during the Battle of the Bulge, First Army found itself on the north side of the salient, and thus isolated from 12th Army Group, its commanding authority. It was thus transferred back to 21st Army Group. The salient was reduced by early February 1945. Following the Battle of the Bulge, the Rhineland Campaign began, and First Army was transferred back to 12th Army Group. In Operation Lumberjack, First Army closed up to the lower Rhine by 5 March, and the higher parts of the river five days later. Wikisource has original text related to this article: The Ardennes: Battle of the Bulge Combatants United States United Kingdom Nazi Germany Commanders Dwight Eisenhower George Patton Bernard Montgomery Walther Model Gerd von Rundstedt Adolf Hitler Strength Dec 16 - start of the Battle: about 83,000 men; 242 Sherman tanks, 182... (Redirected from 12th Army Group) The 12th Army Group was the largest and most powerful American formation ever to take to the field. ... Year 1945 (MCMXLV) was a common year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1945 calendar). ... The Battle of the Siegfried Line was one of the final Allied campaigns1 of World War II of the Western European Campaign and details the fights on and around the Siegfried Line. ... Operation Lumberjacks mission was to capture strategic cities like Cologne and give the Allies a foothold along the Rhine River in March 1945 during World War II. One of the most notable achievements of the operation was the capture of the Ludendorff Bridge in Remagen. ... Loreley At 1,320 kilometres (820 miles) and an average discharge of more than 2,000 cubic meters per second, the Rhine (Dutch Rijn, French Rhin, German Rhein, Italian: Reno, Romansch: Rein, ) is one of the longest and most important rivers in Europe. ... March 5 is the 64th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (65th in leap years). ...

On 7 March, in one of the great strokes of luck of war, First Army found an intact bridge across the Rhine at Remagen. It crossed the river in force quickly. By 4 April, an enormous pocket had been created by First Army and Ninth Army, which contained the German Army Group B under Field Marshal Model, the last significant combat force in the north west of Germany. Whilst some elements of First Army concentrated upon reducing the Ruhr pocket, others headed further east, creating another pocket containing the German Eleventh Army. First Army reached the Elbe by 18 April. There the advance halted, as that was the agreed demarcation zone between the American and Soviet forces. First Army and Soviet forces met on 25 April. First Army was slated to deploy to the far east to take part in Operation Coronet, the second phase of the invasion of Japan, but the Japanese surrender in August caused those plans to be cancelled. March 7 is the 66th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (67th in leap years). ... Remagen is a city in Germany in the Bundesland of Rhineland-Palatinate, district Ahrweiler. ... April 4 is the 94th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (95th in leap years). ... The US Ninth Army was one of the main US combat commands used during the campaign in northwest Europe in 1944 and 1945. ... Army Group B was the name of three different German Army Groups that saw action during World War II. The first was involved in the western campaign in 1940 in Belgium and the Netherlands which was to be aimed to conquer the Maas bridges after the German airborne actions in... This article is about a river in Central Europe. ... April 18 is the 108th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (109th in leap years). ... April 25 is the 115th day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar (116th in leap years). ... During World War II, there were two Operations Coronet, one of which was executed and the other only planned: The planning name used for the capture of Woodlark and Kiriwina Islands, off the eastern tip of New Guinea, by U.S. forces on 30 June 1943. ...

After the war, First Army returned to the United States relatively quickly. Since then, during its active periods, it has controlled training formations in the United States itself. Immediately after the war, First Army had its headquarters at Governor's Island, New York. Twenty years later, in 1966, First Army and Second Army were merged and at the same time First Army moved its headquarters to Fort Meade in Maryland. The emphasis of First Army changed in 1973 from dealing with active units to reserve unit training and preparation. It remained at Fort Meade until 1995 when it moved to Fort Gillem in Georgia. Governors Island, shown in red, in Upper New York Bay Governors Island is a 172 acre (696,000 m²) island in Upper New York Bay, approximately one half mile from the southern tip of Manhattan, of which it is legally a part, in New York City. ... Fort George G. Meade, 5 miles (8 km) northeast of the town of Laurel, Maryland, is a semi-active US Army installation. ... This article does not cite its references or sources. ... Fort Gillem is a U.S. Army military base located in Forest Park, Georgia, on the southwest edge of Atlanta. ...

Lineage

The First United States Army was Organized on August 10, 1918 in the Regular Army in France as Headquarters and Headquarters Troop, First Army.

Headquarters Troop was reorganized and redesignated in September 1918 as Troop A, Headquarters Battalion, First Army. It saw action in the American Expeditionary Force in the latter stages of World War I and included many figures who were later to become very famous, such as Douglas MacArthur.

Troop A, Headquarters Battalion, First Army was redesignated on March 1, 1919, as Headquarters Troop, First Army, and Headquarters and Headquarters Troop, First Army, demobilized on April 20, 1919 in France.

First Army was Constituted August 15, 1927 in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, Seventh Army, but was Redesignated October 13, 1927 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First Army.

Headquarters, First Army activated October 1, 1933 at Governors Island, New York. It had the mission of training Army formations at the time, as did all the other field armies.

Headquarters Company activated November 18, 1940 at Governor's Island, New York.

A separate First Army was Reconstituted on June 27, 1944 in the Regular Army as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First Army; concurrently consolidated with the original Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First Army. The consolidated unit designated as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First Army.

First Army was Redesignated January 1, 1957 as Headquarters and Headquarters Company, First United States Army.

In 1966, the First and Second U.S. Armies merged and First Army headquarters moved to Fort Meade, Maryland.

Headquarters Company inactivated June 5, 1970 at Fort George G. Meade, Maryland, while Headquarters, First U.S. Army continued to function.

In 1973 the First Army again changed its orientation to improving the readiness of the Reserve Components.

In 1995, First Army headquarters was moved to Fort Gillem, Georgia (the former Atlanta Army Depot).

August 10 is the 222nd day of the year (223rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1918 (MCMXVIII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar (see link for calendar) or a common year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar. ... Officers of the American Expeditionary Forces and the Baker mission The American Expeditionary Forces or AEF was the United States military force in World War I. The AEF helped the French defend the Western Front during the Aisne Offensive in May. ... {{Infobox Military Conflict |conflict = World War I |partof = |image = |caption = Clockwise from top: Trenches on the Western Front; a British Mark IV tank crossing a trench; Royal Navy battleship HMS Irresistible sinking after striking a mine at the Battle of the Dardanelles; a Vickers machine gun crew with gas masks... Douglas MacArthur (January 26, 1880 - April 5, 1964), was a famous American general who played a prominent role in the Pacific theater of World War II. He was poised to command the invasion of Japan in November 1945 but was instead instructed to accept their surrender on September 2, 1945. ... March 1 is the 60th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (61st in leap years). ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... April 20 is the 110th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (111th in leap years). ... Year 1919 (MCMXIX) was a common year starting on Wednesday (link will display the full calendar). ... October 1 is the 274th day of the year (275th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar. ... Year 1933 (MCMXXXIII) was a common year starting on Sunday. ... This article is about Governors Island in New York State. ... Official language(s) None Capital Albany Largest city New York City Area Ranked 27th - Total 54,520 sq mi (141,205 kmÂ²) - Width 285 miles (455 km) - Length 330 miles (530 km) - % water 13. ... November 18 is the 322nd day of the year (323rd in leap years) in the Gregorian Calendar. ... Year 1940 (MCMXL) was a leap year starting on Monday (the link is to a full 1940 calendar). ... June 27 is the 178th day of the year (179th in leap years) in the Gregorian calendar, with 187 days remaining. ... 1944 (MCMXLIV) was a leap year starting on Saturday (the link is to a full 1944 calendar). ... January 1 is the first day of the calendar year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars. ... 1957 (MCMLVII) was a common year starting on Tuesday of the Gregorian calendar. ... Fort George G. Meade, 5 miles (8 km) northeast of the town of Laurel, Maryland, is a semi-active US Army installation. ... June 5 is the 156th day of the year in the Gregorian calendar (157th in leap years), with 209 days remaining. ... 1970 (MCMLXX) was a common year starting on Thursday (the link is to a full 1970 calendar). ... Fort Gillem is a U.S. Army military base located in Forest Park, Georgia, on the southwest edge of Atlanta. ...

First U.S. Army Honors

Campaign Participation credit

World War I

St. Mihiel
Meuse-Argonne
Lorraine 1918

World War II

Normandy (with arrowhead)
Northern France
Rhineland
Ardennes-Alsace
Central Europe

Decorations

Joint Meritorious Unit Award for leading the Federal Response to Hurricane Katrina 2005 The Joint Meritorious Unit Award is a military award that was established on June 4, 1981 by Secretary of Defense Caspar Weinberger and was implemented by Department of Defense Directive 1348. ... Lowest pressure 902 mbar (hPa; 26. ...